| 1999 |
IGF2BP3 (IMP3) was identified as a member of a family of three IGF-II mRNA-binding proteins (IMPs) that bind the 5' UTR of translationally regulated IGF-II leader 3 mRNA but not the constitutively translated leader 4 mRNA, causing dose-dependent translational repression of IGF-II leader 3 mRNA. The proteins contain two RNA recognition motifs and four KH domains and localize to subcytoplasmic domains in a growth-dependent and cell-specific manner. |
RNA binding assays, luciferase reporter translational repression assay, immunolocalization, developmental expression analysis in mouse and human embryos |
Molecular and cellular biology |
High |
9891060
|
| 2018 |
IGF2BP1/2/3 function as a distinct family of m6A readers that recognize the consensus GG(m6A)C sequence on thousands of mRNA transcripts, promoting mRNA stability and storage (e.g., MYC mRNA) in an m6A-dependent manner under normal and stress conditions, in contrast to the decay-promoting YTHDF2 reader. The K homology (KH) domains of IGF2BPs are required for m6A recognition and are critical for their oncogenic functions. |
m6A-seq, PAR-CLIP, RIP, RNA stability assays, mutagenesis of KH domains, in vitro binding assays, functional cancer cell assays |
Nature cell biology |
High |
29476152
|
| 2018 |
Crystal structure of IMP3 RRM12 (N-terminal tandem RNA recognition motifs) bound to short RNA sequences revealed that both RRM domains adopt canonical RRM topology with a unique spatial orientation relative to each other compared to other tandem RRM structures. Only RRM1 is directly involved in RNA binding and recognizes a dinucleotide sequence. |
X-ray crystallography, biochemical RNA-binding characterization |
RNA (New York, N.Y.) |
High |
30135093
|
| 2014 |
IMP3 (IGF2BP3) RNPs function as cytoplasmic 'safe houses' that protect oncogenic let-7 target mRNAs (including HMGA2 and LIN28B) from miRNA-directed mRNA decay. IMP3-containing granules are depleted of Ago1-4 and miRNAs, IMP3 dose-dependently increases HMGA2 mRNA levels, and let-7 antagomiRs render HMGA2 refractory to IMP3 stabilization. Removal of let-7 target sites eliminates IMP3-dependent stabilization. |
Transcriptome analysis of cancer data, cytoplasmic granule fractionation, RIP, let-7 antagomiR experiments, deletion of 3'UTR let-7 binding sites, IMP1-deficient mouse embryo analysis |
Cell reports |
High |
24703842
|
| 2016 |
IGF2BP3 (IMP3) is specifically overexpressed in MLL-rearranged B-ALL and is required for survival of B-ALL cell lines (knockdown causes decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis). CLIP-seq identified oncogenes MYC and CDK6 as direct IGF2BP3 targets regulated via 3'UTR binding elements. Enforced IGF2BP3 expression in murine BM cells enhanced Myc and Cdk6 expression, promoted hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell proliferation, and skewed development to B cell/myeloid lineage. |
CLIP-seq, knockdown/overexpression in cell lines and mouse BM transplant, 3'UTR reporter assays, mRNA expression analysis |
The Journal of clinical investigation |
High |
26974154
|
| 2016 |
IMP3 (IGF2BP3) associates with circRNAs to form circRNA-protein complexes (circRNPs) of distinct sizes in mammalian cells. A specific set of IMP3-associated circRNAs was identified by combining RNA-seq of IMP3-co-immunoprecipitated RNA with filtering for circular-junction reads, defining a subfamily of circRNPs. |
Glycerol gradient centrifugation, polysome gradient fractionation, RNA-seq of immunoprecipitated RNA |
Scientific reports |
Medium |
27510448
|
| 2016 |
IMP-3 (IGF2BP3) and its protein partners ILF3/NF90 and PTBP1 bind to the 3'UTRs of cyclin D1 and D3 mRNAs and protect them from translational repression induced by miRNA-dependent recruitment of the AGO2/GW182 complex. Knockdown of IMP-3 causes rapid decrease in cyclin protein levels while their mRNAs remain stable and polysome-associated but untranslated. |
RIP, polysome fractionation, knockdown experiments, protein level analysis |
International journal of oncology |
Medium |
27840950
|
| 2015 |
IGF2BP3 destabilizes EIF4E-BP2 and MEIS3 mRNAs by interacting with ribonucleases XRN2 and exosome components (co-immunoprecipitation), thereby facilitating eIF4E-mediated translational activation. Depletion of EIF4E-BP2 partially rescues the growth retardation caused by IGF2BP3 knockdown, and IGF2BP3 depletion reduces phosphorylated (active) eIF4E. This was the first demonstration of IGF2BP3 as an RNA-destabilizing factor. |
RNA-seq, RIP-seq, co-immunoprecipitation with ribonucleases, mRNA stability assays, rescue experiments, analysis of human lung adenocarcinoma tissues |
Oncogene |
High |
26522719
|
| 2017 |
THADA gene fusion to LOC389473 (located 12 kb upstream of IGF2BP3) does not produce a chimeric protein but instead drives strong overexpression of full-length IGF2BP3 mRNA and protein in thyroid cancer, leading to increased IGF2 translation, activation of IGF1R/PI3K and MAPK signaling, and promotion of cell proliferation, invasion, and transformation. Inhibition of IGF1R blocks growth of IGF2BP3-overexpressing cells and tumors in vitro and in vivo. |
Whole-transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing, functional cell assays, IGF1R inhibitor treatment, in vivo xenograft |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
28193878
|
| 2017 |
IMP2 and IMP3 (IGF2BP2/3) are specifically overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer, directly target progesterone receptor (PR) mRNA for destabilization through recruitment of the CCR4-NOT (CNOT1) complex, thereby suppressing transcription of miR-200a (which normally targets IMP2/3), forming a double-negative feedback loop that promotes EMT and metastasis. |
Knockdown/overexpression, cell invasion/invadopodia assays, mRNA stability assays, identification of CNOT1 complex recruitment, luciferase 3'UTR reporter, miRNA functional assays |
Cancer letters |
Medium |
29217458
|
| 2017 |
IGF2BP3 directly associates with the deubiquitinase USP10 and attenuates its ability to stabilize p53 protein, promoting lung tumorigenesis. IGF2BP3 silencing increases p53 half-life and protein level and induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, protein half-life assays (cycloheximide chase), knockdown/overexpression, flow cytometry cell cycle analysis |
Oncotarget |
Medium |
29212181
|
| 2019 |
Lin28b directly interacts with Igf2bp3 (proteomics and in situ analyses), and their co-expression in adult HSPCs reactivates fetal-like B-cell development more efficiently than either factor alone. In B-cell progenitors, Lin28b and Igf2bp3 jointly stabilize thousands of mRNAs (including Pax5 and Arid3a) by binding at the same sites, and Igf2bp3 mRNA itself is stabilized in an autoregulatory loop. |
Single-cell RNA-seq, proteomics, in situ analysis, CLIP/RIP-seq, in vivo mouse hematopoietic transplantation |
Genes & development |
High |
31221665
|
| 2020 |
Igf2bp3 is an essential regulator of maternal mRNA stability in zebrafish. Depletion of maternal igf2bp3 destabilizes maternal mRNAs prior to maternal-to-zygotic transition and causes severe developmental defects including abnormal cytoskeleton organization and cell division, while oogenesis and maternal mRNA levels in unfertilized eggs are normal. Igf2bp3 overexpression enhances stability of its target maternal mRNAs, and depletion or excess Igf2bp3 both impair embryogenesis. |
Maternal-specific mutant zebrafish, RNA-seq, Gene ontology analysis, mRNA stability assays, gain- and loss-of-function |
Communications biology |
High |
32127635
|
| 2020 |
DMDRMR (a lncRNA) binds IGF2BP3 to enhance its m6A-dependent activity on specific target mRNAs including CDK4, COL6A1, LAMA5, and FN1, stabilizing these transcripts and promoting G1-S transition and cell proliferation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. |
RIP, RNA pulldown, m6A-seq, mRNA stability assays, functional cell and in vivo tumor assays |
Cancer research |
Medium |
33293428
|
| 2021 |
IGF2BP3 is critical for MLL-Af4-mediated leukemogenesis; deletion of Igf2bp3 significantly increases survival of mice with MLL-Af4-driven leukemia with minimal impact on baseline hematopoiesis. IGF2BP3 regulates a posttranscriptional operon including Hoxa locus genes and Ras pathway genes, controlling both steady-state mRNA levels and pre-mRNA splicing. |
Conditional genetic deletion in mouse leukemia model, survival analysis, leukemia-initiating cell functional assays, RNA-seq, CLIP-seq |
Leukemia |
High |
34321607
|
| 2021 |
circNDUFB2 acts as a scaffold to enhance the interaction between E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25 and IGF2BPs (including IGF2BP3), forming a TRIM25/circNDUFB2/IGF2BPs ternary complex that facilitates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of IGF2BPs; this effect is enhanced by m6A modification of circNDUFB2. |
RIP, RNA pulldown, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assays, m6A modification analysis, in vitro and in vivo functional assays |
Nature communications |
High |
33436560
|
| 2022 |
METTL3-mediated m6A modification of PD-L1 mRNA is recognized by IGF2BP3, which stabilizes PD-L1 mRNA in breast cancer cells, promoting tumor immune escape. METTL3 knockdown abolishes m6A modification and reduces PD-L1 mRNA stabilization; IGF2BP3 knockdown or METTL3 inhibition enhances anti-tumor T cell activity both in vitro and in vivo. |
MeRIP-seq, epitranscriptomic microarray, MeRIP-qPCR, RIP-qPCR, mouse xenograft models, tissue microarray |
Molecular cancer |
High |
35197058
|
| 2022 |
The m6A reader IGF2BP3 enhances stability of m6A-modified RCC2 mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner in acute myeloid leukemia cells. IGF2BP3 knockdown dramatically suppresses AML cell survival, reduces proliferation, impairs apoptosis resistance, and attenuates leukemic capacity in vitro and in vivo. |
RIP, mRNA stability assays, m6A-dependent binding assays, knockdown/overexpression, in vivo mouse AML model |
Experimental & molecular medicine |
Medium |
35217832
|
| 2022 |
IMP3 (IGF2BP3) promotes prostate cancer metastasis by physically binding HDAC4 mRNA and enhancing its stability, thereby activating ERK signaling and inducing EMT. This is one of two parallel axes by which hsa_circ_0003258 promotes metastasis, the other being miR-653-5p sponging. |
RNA pulldown, RIP, Western blot, rescue experiments, in vitro and in vivo metastasis assays |
Molecular cancer |
Medium |
34986849
|
| 2022 |
IGF2BP3 desensitizes lung adenocarcinoma cells to ferroptosis in an m6A reading domain-dependent manner by binding m6A-methylated mRNAs encoding anti-ferroptotic factors (GPX4, SLC3A2, ACSL3, FTH1), stabilizing these transcripts and sustaining anti-ferroptotic protein levels. |
m6A reader domain mutagenesis, RIP, mRNA stability assays, ferroptosis markers measurement, clinical specimen correlation |
Materials today. Bio |
Medium |
36457846
|
| 2022 |
circNEIL3 stabilizes IGF2BP3 protein by preventing HECTD4-mediated ubiquitination of IGF2BP3, thereby protecting its oncogenic function in glioma. Additionally, circNEIL3 is packaged into exosomes by hnRNPA2B1 and delivered to tumor-associated macrophages where it similarly stabilizes IGF2BP3 to promote immunosuppressive polarization. |
RNA pulldown, mass spectrometry, RIP, luciferase reporter, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assays, exosome characterization |
Molecular cancer |
Medium |
35031058
|
| 2022 |
TRIM25 E3 ubiquitin ligase promotes ubiquitination and degradation of IGF2BP3, and this process is competitively inhibited by circNFATC3 which binds IGF2BP3 in the cytoplasm, preventing TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination and thereby enhancing IGF2BP3 stability and its regulatory activity on CCND1 mRNA in gastric cancer. |
RIP, RNA-FISH/IF, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitin assays, rescue experiments, in vivo tumor model |
Journal of translational medicine |
Medium |
37340423
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP3 recognizes m6A-modified minichromosome maintenance complex component MCM5 mRNAs to stabilize them, subsequently upregulating MCM5 protein, which competitively inhibits SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD1), stabilizing NICD1 and overactivating Notch signaling to induce partial EMT in lung adenocarcinoma. |
RIP, MeRIP-seq, mRNA stability assays, co-immunoprecipitation, SIRT1 deacetylation assays, functional EMT assays, clinical specimen analysis |
Advanced science |
Medium |
37171793
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP3 stabilizes COX6B2 mRNA by binding to its 3'-UTR in an m6A-dependent manner, increasing oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) activity, and thereby driving acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The IGF2BP3-COX6B2 axis also regulates nicotinamide metabolism to further alter OXPHOS and promote resistance. |
RIP, MeRIP analysis, mRNA stability assays, OXPHOS metabolic assays, siRNA knockdown, patient-derived xenograft model, OXPHOS inhibitor treatment |
Cancer research |
High |
37061993
|
| 2023 |
circRARS binds to the KH1-KH2 domains of IGF2BP3 (via a 12-nt sequence GUCUUCCAGCAA) to enhance IGF2BP3's m6A modification recognition activity, and the IGF2BP3/circRARS complex recruits stabilizer proteins HuR, Matrin3, and pAbPC1 to increase mRNA stability of target genes (CAPN15, CD44, HMGA2, TNRC6A, ZMIZ2) in an m6A-dependent manner. |
RIP, RNA pulldown, domain mapping, m6A binding assays, functional in vitro and in vivo assays, identification of specific binding sequence |
Clinical and translational medicine |
Medium |
38073586
|
| 2023 |
Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase directly interacts with IGF2BP3 and promotes its proteasomal degradation by ubiquitinating it; the ubiquitination site was mapped to K213 in the first KH domain of IGF2BP3. IGF2BP3 K213 mutation abolishes its oncogenic m6A reader function and inactivates PI3K and MAPK signaling in cervical cancer. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo and in vitro ubiquitination assays, mass spectrometry ubiquitination site mapping, RNA-IP, xenograft mouse model |
Clinical and translational medicine |
High |
37877353
|
| 2023 |
USP11 deubiquitinase directly interacts with IGF2BP3 and protects it from proteasomal degradation via deubiquitination, as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. IGF2BP3 overexpression reverses the decrease in colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion caused by USP11 knockdown. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assays, Western blotting, rescue experiments, in vivo tumor assays |
American journal of translational research |
Medium |
33594305
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP3 promotes mRNA degradation through binding internal m7G-modified mRNAs. IGF2BP family proteins preferentially bind internal mRNA m7G, but with distinct functional consequences: IGF2BP3 binding promotes degradation of m7G target transcripts (including TP53 mRNA at its 3'UTR in glioblastoma), whereas IGF2BP1 prefers m6A to stabilize transcripts. Modulating IGF2BP3 or site-specific m7G targeting via dCas13b affects TP53 mRNA half-life, cancer progression, and chemosensitivity. |
m7G-modified RNA pull-down, binding assays, mRNA stability (half-life) assays, dCas13b site-specific targeting, functional cancer cell assays |
Nature communications |
High |
39198433
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP3 stabilizes EGFR mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner (cooperating with METTL14) and promotes EGFR pathway activation and cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer. |
RIP, MeRIP, mRNA stability assays, functional cell and in vivo assays, clinical specimen analysis |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
37658049
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP3 binds SLIT2 mRNA and destabilizes m6A-methylated SLIT2 mRNA, impairing SLIT2/ROBO1 signaling and consequently activating PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways to promote triple-negative breast cancer migration and invasion. |
RIP, mRNA stability assays, m6A modification analysis, functional migration/invasion assays, in vivo metastasis model |
FASEB journal |
Medium |
36250924
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP3 promotes myocardial regeneration by binding and stabilizing MMP3 mRNA through m6A modification interaction. IGF2BP3 expression progressively decreases postnatally but is re-induced after cardiac injury. MMP3 acts as a downstream effector of IGF2BP3 to regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation, and IGF2BP3 promotes cardiac function recovery after myocardial infarction in mice. |
Gain- and loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo (mouse MI model), RIP, mRNA stability assays, m6A analysis |
Cell death discovery |
Medium |
37188676
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP3 synergizes with NONO to promote exon 6 skipping in DLG1 pre-mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner, and IGF2BP3 disrupts the binding of RBM14 to NONO, thereby relieving RBM14's inhibition of NONO-mediated alternative splicing in gallbladder cancer. |
RIP-seq, mRNA-seq, co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry, alternative splicing analysis (PSI values), functional assays |
Cancer letters |
Medium |
38341127
|
| 2024 |
In glioma, IGF2BP3 enhances expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase MIB1, promoting FTO (m6A demethylase) degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, resulting in increased m6A-mediated CSF3 release and NET (neutrophil extracellular trap) formation, which impedes oncolytic virus replication. |
Functional assays, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway analysis, m6A analysis, in vivo mouse glioma models, BET inhibitor treatment |
Nature communications |
Medium |
38167409
|
| 2024 |
Lactylation of IGF2BP3 (driven by increased glycolysis and lactate accumulation in lenvatinib-resistant HCC) is crucial for IGF2BP3 to capture PCK2 and NRF2 mRNAs and enhance their stability. The lactylated IGF2BP3 also increases SAM availability, fueling m6A methylation of PCK2 and NRF2 mRNAs, creating a positive feedback loop that reinforces drug resistance. |
Lactylation assays, RIP, MeRIP, mRNA stability assays, metabolomics, in vivo lenvatinib-resistant models |
Advanced science |
Medium |
39450426
|
| 2024 |
IGF2BP3 stabilizes HMGB1 mRNA by binding to it, promoting HMGB1 expression and bladder cancer progression; this relationship between HMGB1 mRNA and IGF2BP3 is also conserved in mammalian embryonic development where both genes decrease as development progresses. The IGF2BP3 gene is regulated by copy number gain/amplification, promoter hypomethylation, and miR-320a-3p. |
RIP, mRNA stability assays, bisulfite sequencing, luciferase reporter, xenograft mouse model |
Cellular & molecular biology letters |
Medium |
38504159
|
| 2024 |
WTAP-mediated m6A modification of ULK1 mRNA enhances its stability in an IGF2BP3-dependent manner, leading to elevated ULK1 expression and enhanced mitophagy in epithelial ovarian cancer, contributing to disease progression. |
MeRIP, RIP, mRNA stability assays, functional mitophagy assays, in vivo tumor models |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
38286802
|
| 2024 |
IGF2BP3 regulates SCD mRNA m6A modifications via an IGF2BP3-METTL14 complex, enhancing SCD mRNA stability to promote lipid metabolism, proliferation, and metastasis in cervical cancer. |
RNA-seq, RIP assay, MeRIP, lipid droplet/TG/fatty acid assays, in vivo nude mouse model |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
38355626
|
| 2024 |
SENP1 mRNA 3'UTR is bound by IGF2BP3 in an m6A-dependent manner (MeRIP-qPCR and RIP-qPCR), enhancing SENP1 expression and stability in AML. IGF2BP3-stabilized SENP1 promotes AKT pathway activation via de-SUMOylation of HDAC2, which enhances EGFR transcription. |
CO-IP, MeRIP-qPCR, RIP-qPCR, RNA pulldown, SUMO assay, ChIP-qPCR, in vitro and in vivo AML models |
Molecular cancer |
Medium |
38822351
|
| 2024 |
RBM15 (m6A writer) mediates m6A modification of VEGFA mRNA, which is then recognized and stabilized by IGF2BP3, leading to enhanced VEGFA expression and HUVEC tube formation/migration. Knockdown of IGF2BP3 reduces VEGFA expression and inhibits tumor angiogenesis in HCC xenograft models. |
MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq, CLIP-seq, RIP, cell and molecular biology validation, HCC xenograft model |
Molecular carcinogenesis |
Medium |
39092767
|
| 2024 |
IGF2BP3 binds MYLK mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner, extending its half-life and inhibiting ERK1/2 phosphorylation, thereby repressing MSC adipogenesis. IGF2BP3 overexpression in adipose tissue (via AAV) reduces body weight and improves insulin resistance in high-fat diet mice. |
RIP, mRNA stability assays, m6A-dependent binding validation, ERK signaling analysis, in vivo AAV delivery, metabolic phenotyping |
Cellular and molecular life sciences |
Medium |
38196046
|
| 2024 |
IGF2BP3 recognizes m6A on mRNAs of key serine synthesis pathway (SSP) genes (ATF4, PHGDH, PSAT1), stabilizing these transcripts and sustaining serine production to meet the metabolic demands of AML cells and leukemia stem/initiating cells. CRISPR/Cas9 screen identified that IGF2BP3 depletion sensitizes AML cells to serine/glycine deprivation; combined IGF2BP3 silencing with dietary SG restriction potently inhibits AML in vitro and in vivo while sparing normal hematopoiesis. |
CRISPR/Cas9 screen, RIP, mRNA stability assays, metabolomics, dietary restriction in vivo mouse models |
Nature communications |
High |
40328743
|
| 2014 |
IGF2BP3 (IMP3) promotes trophoblast cell invasion and migration in placenta. IGF2BP3 is highly expressed in cytotrophoblast cells during early pregnancy and is reduced in the third trimester and in pre-eclamptic placentas. In vitro invasion/migration assays and ex vivo explant culture demonstrated that IGF2BP3 promotes trophoblast invasion. |
Immunohistochemistry in human placentas, in vitro invasion/migration assays, ex vivo explant culture model |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
24457969
|
| 2017 |
In CD44-positive fibroblasts, IGF2BP3 binds CD44 mRNA and enhances its expression, which increases IGF2 secretion by fibroblasts, stimulating breast cancer cell proliferation and paclitaxel resistance via Hedgehog signaling activation in breast cancer cells. |
Co-culture experiments, RIP for IGF2BP3-CD44 mRNA interaction, functional proliferation/drug resistance assays, Hedgehog pathway analysis |
Journal of cellular and molecular medicine |
Medium |
28523716
|
| 2020 |
IMP3 (IGF2BP3) accelerates prostate cancer progression by increasing SMURF1 expression, which facilitates PTEN ubiquitination and degradation, activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. |
Immunoprecipitation/ubiquitination assays, Western blotting for PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, knockdown/overexpression, rescue experiments with SMURF1 silencing |
Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research |
Medium |
32938489
|