| 2004 |
IMP1 (IGF2BP1) binds RNA by a sequential, cooperative dimerization mechanism: two IMP1 molecules bind target RNA in a two-step process, with the first step creating a low-stability intermediate and the second step converting it to a locked, stable RNP. IMP1 can also heterodimerize with other IMP family members. |
Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay (EMSA) with equilibrium and kinetic analyses on IGF2-3'UTR and H19 RNA targets |
Nucleic acids research |
High |
15314207
|
| 2003 |
IMP1 contains two nuclear export signals (NESs) in KH domains 2 and 4; the KH2 NES is leucine-rich and leptomycin B-sensitive, while the KH4 NES is leptomycin B-insensitive. IMP1 can transit into the nucleus and may bind target mRNAs there to define their cytoplasmic fate. |
NES mutagenesis, leptomycin B treatment, immunofluorescence localization in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and human spermatogenic cells |
The Biochemical journal |
High |
12921532
|
| 2006 |
IMP1 interacts with poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) through its KH III–IV domain and the C-terminal PABP-C domain of PABP, independent of RNA. The KH III–IV domain of IMP1 is necessary and sufficient for binding to the adenine-rich autoregulatory sequence (ARS) of PABP mRNA, with a Kd of ~5.9 nM, forming a heterotrimeric RNP with PABP and UNR that represses PABP mRNA translation. |
Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay, GST pulldown, dissociation constant measurements, deletion mapping |
The FEBS journal |
High |
17212783
|
| 2007 |
IMP1-containing RNP granules are distinct RNP entities (~100–300 nm) that contain IMPs, 40S ribosomal subunits, hnRNPs, poly(A)-binding proteins, CBP80, and exon junction complex components, but lack eIF4E, eIF4G, and 60S ribosomal subunits, indicating that embodied mRNAs are translationally silenced. Granule mRNAs are enriched for secretory pathway and ubiquitin-dependent metabolism transcripts. |
Biochemical isolation of IMP1-containing granules, mass spectrometry proteomics, microarray transcriptomics |
Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP |
High |
17289661
|
| 2007 |
IMP1 binds tau mRNA and inhibits its translation in a 3'UTR-dependent manner, and dynamically associates with polysomes during P19 neuronal differentiation in a differentiation-dependent fashion. |
Polysome fractionation, transfection/overexpression in HEK-293 cells, 3'UTR reporter assay |
Journal of neuroscience research |
Medium |
17086542
|
| 2012 |
IGF2BP1 promotes tumor cell migration velocity by inhibiting translation of MAPK4 mRNA (thereby preventing MK5-mediated phosphorylation of HSP27 and releasing G-actin for F-actin polymerization) and simultaneously stabilizing PTEN mRNA (enhancing PTEN expression, shifting PIP3/PIP2 ratios, and enforcing RAC1-dependent cell polarization and directionality). |
RNAi knockdown, ectopic overexpression, co-immunoprecipitation, directed cell migration assays, biochemical epistasis |
Genes & development |
High |
22279049
|
| 2013 |
mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) phosphorylates IMP1 at Ser181 co-translationally, strongly enhancing IMP1 binding to the IGF2-leader 3 5'UTR and enabling internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-dependent translational initiation of IGF2-leader 3 mRNA. IMP1-null fibroblasts have defective IGF2 mRNA splicing and translation, which is rescued by re-expression of phosphorylatable but not phosphorylation-defective IMP1. |
IMP1-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, site-directed mutagenesis of Ser181, mTORC2 kinase assay, IGF2 translation rescue experiments, IRES reporter |
Genes & development |
High |
23388827
|
| 2013 |
IGF2BP1/IMP1 physically interacts with the SMN protein and co-localizes with SMN in individual RNP granules actively transported in motor neuron axons. SMN deficiency causes reduced IMP1 axonal localization and dramatically reduced IMP1 protein levels specifically in motor neurons, not whole-brain lysates. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, quantitative fluorescence imaging in primary SMA motor neurons, biochemical fractionation |
Developmental neurobiology |
Medium |
23897586
|
| 2013 |
IMP1 (IGF2BP1) post-transcriptionally inhibits expression of differentiation-associated genes while promoting self-renewal genes including Hmga2 in fetal neural stem cells. IMP1 is induced by Wnt signaling and Lin28a and is opposed by let-7 microRNAs, placing it in a heterochronic gene network (Lin28a–let-7–IMP1–HMGA2) that controls temporal changes in stem cell properties. |
Genetic knockout of Imp1 in mice, neural stem cell culture, ribosome profiling, epistasis with let-7 and Lin28a |
eLife |
High |
24192035
|
| 2014 |
IGF2BP1 binds and stabilizes c-MYC and MKI67 mRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, increasing c-Myc and Ki-67 protein expression. Depletion of IGF2BP1 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis, and impairs tumor growth (but not initiation) in xenograft models. |
RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), mRNA stability assays, IGF2BP1 knockdown in multiple HCC cell lines, xenograft mouse models |
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) |
High |
24395596
|
| 2014 |
IGF2BP1 drives translation of cIAP1 mRNA in rhabdomyosarcoma cells, promoting cIAP1 protein expression and conferring resistance to TNF-α-mediated apoptosis. IGF2BP1 knockdown reduces cIAP1 and sensitizes cells to death. |
IGF2BP1 knockdown, cIAP1 translational reporter assay, apoptosis/cell death assays, xenograft survival studies |
Oncogene |
Medium |
24704827
|
| 2015 |
IGF2BP1 binds and stabilizes ETV6/RUNX1 fusion mRNA in t(12;21)-positive ALL cells, as shown by immunoprecipitation of endogenous IGF2BP1 followed by two-fold IGF2BP1 downregulation causing a corresponding decrease in ETV6/RUNX1 mRNA. |
RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) of endogenous IGF2BP1, siRNA-mediated knockdown, qRT-PCR in cell line and primary ALL samples |
Blood cells, molecules & diseases |
Medium |
26852652
|
| 2016 |
IMP1 interacts with the KH3-4 domain with target mRNAs (PTGS2, GDF15, IGF-2) and suppresses breast tumor growth and metastasis. Deletion of the KH3-4 domain of IMP1 abrogates these tumor-suppressive effects. |
KH34 domain deletion mutants, RNA pulldown, microarray, mouse xenograft model |
Oncotarget |
Medium |
26910917
|
| 2017 |
IGF2BP1 overexpression in human adult erythroblasts induces fetal-like hemoglobin expression by reducing BCL11A protein expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms (mRNA stability and translational regulation of BCL11A), leading to increased gamma-globin and decreased beta-globin transcripts. |
Erythroid-specific lentiviral overexpression, mRNA stability assays, polysome profiling, flow cytometry for hemoglobin quantification |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
28652347
|
| 2018 |
IGF2BP1 preferentially associates with mRNA 3'UTRs upstream of miRNA binding sites and impairs miRNA-directed decay of target mRNAs by associating with them in RISC-free complexes. IGF2BP1 deletion enhances association of target mRNAs with AGO2, and its activity is abrogated at low miRNA abundance. |
PAR-CLIP/RIP, AGO2 immunoprecipitation, miRNA depletion experiments, RISC fractionation, in vivo xenograft metastasis model |
Nucleic acids research |
High |
29660014
|
| 2019 |
IGF2BP1 promotes SRF mRNA stability in an m6A- and miRNA-dependent manner, preventing miRNA-directed decay of SRF mRNA. This results in increased SRF transcriptional activity, which IGF2BP1 also sustains post-transcriptionally by stabilizing SRF target gene mRNAs including PDLIM7 and FOXK1. |
RIP, mRNA decay assays, m6A methylation analysis, miRNA manipulation, transcriptomics, tumor cell growth and invasion assays |
Nucleic acids research |
High |
30371874
|
| 2018 |
LncRNA THOR directly interacts with IGF2BP1 protein and is required for IGF2BP1 to stabilize its mRNA targets (Myc, IGF2, Gli1). CRISPR knockout of THOR or IGF2BP1 phenocopies each other, and small molecule triptonide disrupts the THOR-IGF2BP1 association causing target mRNA depletion. |
RIP, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, ectopic overexpression, RNA pulldown, small molecule treatment, xenograft |
Cancer letters |
Medium |
30503558
|
| 2019 |
IGF2BP1 regulates the cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by melanoma cells, affecting pro-metastatic EV function. IGF2BP1 knockdown alters the mRNA, protein, and miRNA content of EVs and blocks pre-metastatic niche formation, without affecting EV size, number, or uptake. |
Genetic IGF2BP1 deletion/knockdown, in vivo lung metastasis models, RNA-sequencing and proteomics of EVs, EV uptake assays |
Oncogene |
Medium |
30936459
|
| 2019 |
IGF2BP1 co-immunoprecipitates with the p65-p52 NFκB complex in nuclei of LPS-treated macrophages, and IGF2BP1 knockdown or CRISPR knockout inhibits p65-p52 nuclear translocation and NFκB activation, thereby reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) production. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, shRNA knockdown, ELISA, NFκB reporter assay in THP-1 macrophages and PBMCs |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
31000200
|
| 2020 |
The oncopeptide RBRP (encoded by LINC00266-1) binds IGF2BP1 and strengthens its m6A recognition on target RNAs such as c-Myc mRNA, increasing mRNA stability and c-Myc expression. RBRP serves as a regulatory subunit of the IGF2BP1 m6A reader complex. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, RNA pulldown, m6A RIP, mRNA stability assays, functional cancer cell assays |
Nature communications |
High |
32245947
|
| 2020 |
IMP1 binds and stabilizes occludin (OCLN) mRNA via direct interaction, promoting occludin protein expression in intestinal epithelial cells to maintain barrier function. IGF2BP1 intestinal-epithelial-specific knockout causes colitis and increased permeability, and ectopic occludin expression in IGF2BP1-knockdown cells restores barrier function. |
Conditional (Villin-CreERT2) Igf2bp1 knockout mice, RIP, mRNA stability assay, gut permeability assay, DSS-colitis model, ectopic rescue |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
32385106
|
| 2021 |
IGF2BP1 recognizes m6A sites in the 3'UTR of PEG10 mRNA and recruits PABPC1 to enhance PEG10 mRNA stability, increasing PEG10 protein expression that represses p16 and p18 to accelerate the cell cycle in endometrial cancer. |
MeRIP-seq, RIP-seq, co-immunoprecipitation + mass spectrometry, mRNA stability assay, RNA pulldown, xenograft |
Theranostics |
High |
33391523
|
| 2021 |
FBXO45 E3 ubiquitin ligase promotes IGF2BP1 ubiquitination at Lys190 and Lys450, leading to IGF2BP1 activation (not degradation), which upregulates PLK1 expression and promotes liver tumorigenesis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay with site-directed mutagenesis, IGF2BP1 knockdown, FBXO45 transgenic mice, PLK1 inhibition rescue |
eLife |
High |
34779401
|
| 2021 |
A small molecule targeting the hydrophobic surface at the KH3-KH4 domain boundary of IGF2BP1 inhibits its binding to KRAS RNA, reducing Kras and other IGF2BP1 mRNA targets, lowering Kras protein, and inhibiting downstream signaling and cell migration. |
Fluorescence anisotropy binding assays, surface plasmon resonance, domain mapping, RT-qPCR, wound healing assay, soft agar growth |
RNA biology |
High |
34895045
|
| 2022 |
Cucurbitacin B (CuB) directly targets IGF2BP1 at Cys253 in the KH1-2 domains, inducing an allosteric effect that blocks IGF2BP1 recognition of m6A mRNA targets such as c-MYC, demonstrating that the KH1-2 domains are functionally important for m6A target recognition. |
Chemical genetics, covalent mass spectrometry, m6A RIP, cell apoptosis assays, in vivo anti-tumor experiments |
ACS central science |
High |
36032766
|
| 2022 |
LncRNA MNX1-AS1 binds IGF2BP1 and drives its phase separation, which increases IGF2BP1 interaction with the 3'UTR of c-Myc and E2F1 mRNA, enhancing their stability and accelerating cell-cycle progression in NSCLC. |
RNA pulldown, RIP, phase separation assays, mRNA stability assay, in vitro and in vivo tumor models, PDX model |
Cancer research |
Medium |
36214649
|
| 2022 |
IGF2BP1 stabilizes SMAD1 mRNA through m6A modification-dependent recognition, and METTL14-mediated m6A methylation is required for IGF2BP1 to recognize and stabilize SMAD1 mRNA to promote osteogenic differentiation. |
Me-RIP, RIP, luciferase reporter assay, METTL14 and IGF2BP1 knockdown, osteogenic differentiation assays, OVX mouse model |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
36319624
|
| 2022 |
IGF2BP1 stabilizes MIR210HG lncRNA transcript through m6A modification in cooperation with ELAVL1 as a co-factor, and IGF2BP1 is directly transcriptionally activated by MYCN via E-box binding. |
RIP, m6A MeRIP, RNA stability assay, ChIP for MYCN/E-box, co-immunoprecipitation with ELAVL1 |
Cell & bioscience |
Medium |
35346372
|
| 2022 |
IGF2BP1 directly binds the 3'UTR of JAK2 mRNA via m6A sites, enhancing JAK2 mRNA stability and activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling in endothelial cells. METTL3-mediated m6A methylation promotes the METTL3-IGF2BP1-JAK2 axis. |
MeRIP, RIP, RNA pulldown, luciferase reporter, actinomycin D mRNA stability, METTL3 knockdown rescue |
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology |
Medium |
34950654
|
| 2023 |
PRMT3 methylates IGF2BP1 at Arg452, and this methylation is critical for IGF2BP1 function in stabilizing HEG1 mRNA, thereby promoting oxaliplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. |
CRISPR/Cas9 activation screen, mass spectrometry identification of methylation site, site-directed mutagenesis of R452, mRNA stability assay, in vitro and in vivo functional validation |
Nature communications |
High |
37024475
|
| 2023 |
USP10 deubiquitinase directly binds and deubiquitinates IGF2BP1, stabilizing it at higher protein levels. The stabilized IGF2BP1 then recognizes m6A sites on CPT1A mRNA, enhancing CPT1A mRNA stability to promote breast cancer metastasis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, MeRIP-seq, mRNA stability assay, in vitro and in vivo metastasis assays |
International journal of biological sciences |
Medium |
36632454
|
| 2023 |
TRIM29 E3 ubiquitin ligase interacts with IGF2BP1 and induces its K48-linked ubiquitination at Lys440 and Lys450, leading to IGF2BP1 protein degradation. Loss of TRIM29-mediated degradation allows IGF2BP1 to stabilize PD-L1 mRNA via m6A-dependent binding to its 3'UTR, promoting immune evasion. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination site mapping by mutagenesis, MeRIP, mRNA stability assay, T-cell co-culture immune assays, in vivo tumor models |
Cancer letters |
High |
38029830
|
| 2023 |
RPS15 interacts with the K homology domain of IGF2BP1; together they bind the 3'UTR of MKK6 and MAPK14 mRNAs in an m6A-dependent manner, promoting translation of core p38 MAPK pathway proteins to drive ESCC metastasis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, RIP-seq, m6A-dependent binding assays, p38 MAPK pathway analysis, in vivo metastasis assays |
Signal transduction and targeted therapy |
Medium |
37264021
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP1 stabilizes E2F1 mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner (validated by actinomycin D chase and EMSA); the increased E2F1 acts as a transcription factor to promote MIF expression, driving NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in renal tubular cells. |
EMSA, actinomycin D mRNA stability assay, MeRIP mutation/luciferase, ChIP, in vivo CLP mouse model |
International journal of biological sciences |
Medium |
36632449
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP1 directly binds and stabilizes SEMA3A and SHMT2 mRNAs in neuroblastoma cells, and modulates their protein levels in secreted extracellular vesicles to form a pro-metastatic microenvironment. |
RIP, proteomic analysis of EVs from IGF2BP1 knockdown/overexpression, immunocompetent mouse metastasis models |
Oncogene |
Medium |
36973517
|
| 2023 |
MKRN3 physically interacts with IGF2BP1 (identified by proteomics), and Mkrn3 deletion in hypothalamic neurons increases dendritic spine density and alters hypothalamic plasticity, with IGF2BP1 interacting with polyadenylate-binding protein family members in the MKRN3 interactome. |
Proteomics/interactome analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, Mkrn3 conditional mouse knockout, dendritic spine imaging |
JCI insight |
Medium |
37092553
|
| 2023 |
The m6A recognition mechanism of IMP1 involves a dedicated hydrophobic platform on the protein that assembles on the methyl moiety of m6A, creating a stable high-affinity interaction. This recognition is conserved, independent of flanking sequence context, but layered on top of IMP1's strong sequence preference for GGAC RNA, suggesting a context-dependent role for m6A in IMP1 target selection dependent on cellular IMP1 concentration. |
NMR, in vitro binding assays (fluorescence anisotropy, ITC), mutagenesis of the hydrophobic platform, evolutionary conservation analysis |
Nucleic acids research |
High |
37377445
|
| 2023 |
STAT3 binds the IGF2BP1 promoter to transcriptionally activate IGF2BP1 expression; IGF2BP1 in turn binds RELA mRNA and stabilizes it, promoting NFκB/RELA-mediated inflammatory responses in endometriosis. |
ChIP assay (STAT3 binding to IGF2BP1 promoter), dual-luciferase reporter, RIP and RNA pulldown (IGF2BP1-RELA mRNA) |
Pharmaceutical biology |
Medium |
37095705
|
| 2023 |
The desert lncRNA HIDEN facilitates the interaction between IMP1 and FZD5 mRNA; HIDEN depletion reduces IMP1-FZD5 mRNA interaction and causes FZD5 mRNA destabilization, reducing WNT activity and impairing definitive endoderm differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells. |
RIP demonstrating reduced IMP1-FZD5 mRNA interaction upon HIDEN knockdown, mRNA stability assay, WNT reporter, human iPSC differentiation system |
Genome biology |
Medium |
37095549
|
| 2023 |
ZDHHC1 palmitoylates IGF2BP1 at Cys337 (S-palmitoylation), which causes downregulation of LIPG mRNA stability in an m6A-dependent manner, suppressing colorectal cancer cell growth. |
Palmitoylation assay, site-directed mutagenesis of C337, m6A MeRIP, mRNA stability assay, in vivo xenograft |
Cancer gene therapy |
Medium |
39069526
|
| 2022 |
IGF2BP1 knockout mice exhibit disorganized neocortex development, reduced cortical marginal cell density, fewer mitotically active cells, and in IGF2BP1-knockout neurons, β-actin mRNA shows increased transcription rates and total protein content but decreased transport and anchoring. |
IGF2BP1 knockout mouse (CRISPR), BrdU labeling, β-actin-MS2 endogenous tagging for single-molecule mRNA imaging, FRAP-related transport assays in neurons |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
36067310
|
| 2015 |
Igf2bp1 is required for RGC axon outgrowth in vivo in zebrafish; a phosphomimetic Igf2bp1 reduces axonal projection density in the optic tract without killing RGCs. The β-actin 3'UTR is sufficient to drive local translation in pathfinding growth cones in vivo. |
Igf2bp1 morpholino knockdown in zebrafish, RGC-specific phosphomimetic expression, timelapse imaging of β-actin-Kaede reporter in growth cones |
PloS one |
Medium |
26325373
|
| 2024 |
Mettl16-mediated m6A modification stabilizes mybl2b mRNA via the m6A reader Igf2bp1; Mettl16 deficiency destabilizes mybl2b mRNA due to lost Igf2bp1 binding, causing G1/S cell cycle arrest in embryonic hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The METTL16-m6A-MYBL2-IGF2BP1 axis is conserved in humans. |
Zebrafish mettl16 mutants, m6A RIP/MeRIP, Igf2bp1 RIP, cell cycle analysis, cross-species single-cell RNA-seq, methyltransferase-dead Mettl16 rescue |
The EMBO journal |
High |
38605226
|
| 2023 |
circFAM13B competitively binds to the KH3-4 domains of IGF2BP1, reducing IGF2BP1 binding to PKM2 mRNA 3'UTR and decreasing PKM2 mRNA stability, thereby inhibiting glycolysis in bladder cancer cells. |
RNA pulldown, mass spectrometry, RIP, KH domain binding mapping, mRNA stability assay, co-culture immune assays |
Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR |
Medium |
36747239
|
| 2023 |
IGF2BP1 binds and stabilizes INHBA mRNA; IGF2BP1 also interacts with G3BP1 (stress granule assembly factor), and the IGF2BP1-INHBA-Smad2/3 signaling axis promotes ESCC cell invasion and migration. |
RIP-seq, mass spectrometry identifying G3BP1 interaction, RNA pulldown, mRNA stability assay, gene-specific m6A PCR, immunofluorescence |
Experimental hematology & oncology |
Medium |
37644505
|
| 2018 |
IMP1 binds UCA1 lncRNA via 'ACACCC' motifs and destabilizes UCA1 through recruitment of the CCR4-NOT1 deadenylase complex; this IMP1-UCA1 interaction also competes for miR-122-5p binding to UCA1, freeing miR-122-5p to act on its target mRNAs and thereby reducing cell invasion. |
RIP, RNA pulldown, CCR4-NOT1 co-immunoprecipitation, transwell invasion, loss- and gain-of-function experiments |
Breast cancer research : BCR |
Medium |
29669595
|
| 2025 |
IGF2BP1 stabilizes AIFM2 mRNA via m6A modification to regulate ferroptosis suppression and glycolysis promotion in hepatocellular carcinoma; IGF2BP1 knockdown reduces glycolysis, suppresses AIFM2, and promotes ferroptosis, all reversed by AIFM2 overexpression. |
MeRIP assay, actinomycin D mRNA stability assay, IGF2BP1/AIFM2 knockdown/overexpression, ferroptosis marker assays, xenograft and lung metastasis models |
Cellular signalling |
Medium |
39971223
|