Affinage

TRIM29

Tripartite motif-containing protein 29 · UniProt Q14134

Length
588 aa
Mass
65.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
99 papers in source corpus 36 papers cited in narrative 36 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: tie faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

TRIM29 is a B-box-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase that functions as an inducible negative regulator of innate antiviral immunity and, separately, as a chromatin-associated scaffold and oncogenic stabilizer/destabilizer of cellular substrates. In immune cells, TRIM29 directly binds and ubiquitinates core signaling adaptors to terminate interferon and inflammatory responses: it drives K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of STING to shut down cytosolic dsDNA sensing (PMID:29038422, PMID:29581886), NEMO to block both IRF and NF-κB output (PMID:27695001), MAVS via K11-linked chains to suppress RNA-virus-induced type I IFN (PMID:29769269), TAB2 in NK cells to limit IFN-γ (PMID:31270148), and NLRP6/NLRP9b in intestinal epithelium to dampen IFN-λ and IL-18 (PMID:39396665); loss of TRIM29 in these settings enhances antiviral and inflammasome responses (PMID:29581886, PMID:39396665, PMID:37021569). In the DNA damage response, TRIM29 acts as a histone-binding scaffold that assembles BRCA1-associated surveillance, cohesin, DNA-PKcs and TIP60 complexes onto damaged chromatin, supporting H2AX phosphorylation and clonogenic survival after ionizing radiation (PMID:26095369), and is required for 53BP1 recruitment and efficient NHEJ (PMID:33017104). Its radioprotective scaffolding activity is licensed by MK2/ATM-dependent phosphorylation at Ser550 (PMID:24469230) and by USP18/TRIM21-mediated K27-linked ubiquitination at Lys561 that triggers oligomerization and nuclear translocation (PMID:41219493). TRIM29 also restrains the p53 axis—sequestering p53 outside the nucleus to repress p21/NOXA (PMID:20368352) and degrading the acetyltransferase Tip60 to reduce p53-K120 acetylation and apoptosis (PMID:21463657)—with HDAC9 deacetylation modulating its p53 association (PMID:20947501). Across cancers TRIM29 selectively controls substrate stability, degrading tumor-suppressive or restraining factors such as IκBα to activate NF-κB-driven EMT (PMID:41952208, PMID:36841942), PHLPP1 to activate AKT/mTOR (PMID:37717692), IGF2BP1, YBX1 and PKM1 (PMID:38029830, PMID:39874728, PMID:33495406), while stabilizing oncogenic clients including YAP1, FAM83H and ISG15 by limiting their ubiquitination (PMID:34353343, PMID:40389046, PMID:31501523). Through binding K14 intermediate filaments and FAM83H it reorganizes the keratin network and focal adhesions to promote migration and invasion (PMID:30389700, PMID:40908312, PMID:40389046).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 2010 High

    Established the first mechanistic role for TRIM29 in cancer: how it could promote proliferation and radioresistance by neutralizing p53, and how that activity is regulated by acetylation.

    Evidence Co-IP, p53 localization imaging and reporter assays plus HDAC9 deacetylation assay in cancer cells

    PMID:20368352 PMID:20947501

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of cytoplasmic p53 retention not structurally defined
    • Whether TRIM29 ubiquitinates p53 directly not addressed
  2. 2011 Medium

    Extended p53 regulation by showing TRIM29 degrades the Tip60 acetyltransferase, linking TRIM29 to suppression of p53-K120 acetylation and apoptosis.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, Co-IP, and p53-K120 acetylation/apoptosis readouts in HCT116 cells

    PMID:21463657

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct ubiquitination of Tip60 by TRIM29 not biochemically isolated
    • Single lab
  3. 2014 High

    Defined the upstream signals and downstream oncogenic outputs of TRIM29: MK2/ATM phosphorylation at Ser550 enables radioprotection, while overexpression drives bladder carcinoma via miR-29/DNMT3A/PTEN silencing and restrains breast cancer through a TWIST1 feedback loop.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assay with S550 mutagenesis, transgenic mouse tumor models, and promoter-reporter/EMT assays

    PMID:24469230 PMID:24950909 PMID:26471361

    Open questions at the time
    • Context-dependent oncogenic vs tumor-suppressive roles not reconciled
    • How S550 phosphorylation alters substrate engagement unknown
  4. 2015 High

    Reframed TRIM29 as a histone-binding chromatin scaffold, explaining its radioprotection mechanistically by showing it assembles DNA repair complexes onto damaged nucleosomes to enable H2AX phosphorylation.

    Evidence MudPIT interactome, in vitro nucleosome/histone binding, chromatin fractionation, and clonogenic IR survival

    PMID:26095369

    Open questions at the time
    • Histone-mark specificity not fully mapped
    • Relationship of scaffolding to its E3 ligase activity unresolved
  5. 2016 High

    Identified TRIM29 as a NEMO-degrading immune brake and clarified its own transcriptional control by ATM/NF-κB/HIF1α, establishing the negative-regulator-of-innate-immunity paradigm and its inducibility.

    Evidence Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, Trim29-/- influenza/H. influenzae challenge; ATM/RelA/HIF1α knockdown with promoter reporters

    PMID:27535224 PMID:27695001

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether immune and DNA-repair functions are mutually exclusive in a given cell not addressed
  6. 2018 High

    Generalized TRIM29 as an adaptor-degrading immune suppressor across sensing pathways by demonstrating K48-ubiquitination of STING and K11-ubiquitination of MAVS, controlling DNA- and RNA-virus responses.

    Evidence Ubiquitination assays and Trim29-/- mouse infection models (HSV-1, reovirus) with IFN readouts

    PMID:29038422 PMID:29581886 PMID:29769269

    Open questions at the time
    • Determinants of K48 vs K11 chain choice not defined
    • B-box catalytic mechanism not structurally resolved
  7. 2019 High

    Broadened TRIM29 immune and oncogenic substrate scope: TAB2 degradation in NK cells limits IFN-γ, IGF2BP1 degradation enhances anti-tumor immunity via PD-L1 mRNA, and TRIM29 protects ISG15 from CAPN3 cleavage to sustain stemness.

    Evidence NK-specific KO CMV model, site-specific ubiquitination assays, and ISG15 stability/sphere assays

    PMID:31270148 PMID:31501523 PMID:38029830

    Open questions at the time
    • How TRIM29 switches between degrading and stabilizing substrates unknown
  8. 2021 Medium

    Demonstrated TRIM29 substrate stabilization as an oncogenic mechanism (YAP1) and metabolic rewiring (PKM1 degradation shifting toward PKM2/Warburg), alongside RNA-level CSC control via VEZF1/BICC1.

    Evidence Co-IP, ubiquitination assays, metabolic and proliferation assays, RIP and xenografts

    PMID:33495406 PMID:34353343 PMID:34973391

    Open questions at the time
    • Single labs per substrate
    • Direct vs indirect ubiquitination not always distinguished
  9. 2023 Medium

    Connected TRIM29's E3 activity to NF-κB and inflammasome control in disease contexts: IκBα degradation drives podocyte pyroptosis, NLRC4 degradation limits stroke injury, while VDAC1-driven mitophagy suppresses senescence.

    Evidence Co-IP/domain mapping, ubiquitination assays, KO mouse models (MCAO), and mitophagy/ROS assays

    PMID:36841942 PMID:37021569 PMID:37248790

    Open questions at the time
    • Opposing NF-κB effects (activation via IκBα vs suppression via NEMO) context-dependence unresolved
    • Single labs
  10. 2024 Medium

    Revealed additional regulatory layers and substrates: O-GlcNAcylation at T120 and an OGT feedback loop support glucose-stress adaptation, PERK SUMOylation sustains ER stress in myocarditis, PHLPP1 degradation activates AKT/mTOR, and NLRP6/NLRP9b degradation shapes intestinal antiviral immunity.

    Evidence MS-mapped PTM site mutagenesis, SUMOylation/ubiquitination assays, and KO mouse viral/metabolic models

    PMID:37717692 PMID:38345749 PMID:38664417 PMID:39396665

    Open questions at the time
    • Hierarchy of PTMs governing TRIM29 activity not integrated
    • Tissue-specific substrate selection unexplained
  11. 2025 Medium

    Mapped TRIM29 activation and effector mechanisms: USP18/TRIM21 K27-ubiquitination at K561 drives nuclear translocation/radioresistance, BB2-domain-dependent IκBα degradation drives pancreatic EMT, coiled-coil targeting of PRRSV nsp11 restricts virus, and K14/ZYX-coupled focal adhesion control plus FAM83H stabilization drive invasion/metastasis.

    Evidence Domain-mapping Co-IP, site-specific ubiquitination assays, nuclear translocation imaging, and in vivo invasion/metastasis models

    PMID:39874728 PMID:40389046 PMID:40908312 PMID:41219493 PMID:41251350 PMID:41952208

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of B-box/coiled-coil substrate recognition still lacking
    • Single labs per substrate

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How TRIM29 selects between K48, K11, and K27 chain types and between degradative versus stabilizing outcomes for its many substrates, and how its immune-suppressive and DNA-repair scaffolding functions are coordinated within a cell, remains unresolved.
  • No structural model of the B-box catalytic mechanism
  • No unifying rule for substrate fate (degrade vs stabilize)
  • Cross-talk between immune and chromatin roles uncharacterized

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0016740 transferase activity 9 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 8 GO:0016874 ligase activity 4 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 2 GO:0042393 histone binding 1
Localization
GO:0000228 nuclear chromosome 2 GO:0005634 nucleus 2 GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 2
Pathway
R-HSA-168256 Immune System 6 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 6 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 2 R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 2
Partners
FAM83HIGF2BP1MAVSNEMOPERKSTING1TAB2YAP1
Complex memberships
BRCA1-associated surveillance complexTIP60 complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 36 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2017 TRIM29 induces K48-linked ubiquitination of STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes), leading to its rapid proteasomal degradation, thereby suppressing the cytosolic dsDNA-sensing innate immune pathway and promoting DNA virus persistence. Mechanistic studies in human airway epithelial cells and Trim29-/- mice; ubiquitination assays; knockdown and knockout functional readouts (IFN production, viral titers) Nature communications High 29038422
2018 TRIM29 targets STING for K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in macrophages and dendritic cells, negatively regulating the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling axis in response to DNA viruses and cytosolic dsDNA. Ubiquitination assays, TRIM29 KO mice (HSV-1 infection model), IFN measurement, Western blot for STING degradation Cell discovery High 29581886
2016 TRIM29 directly binds NEMO (IKK-γ) and induces its K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby inhibiting both IRF- and NF-κB-mediated signaling in alveolar macrophages. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, Trim29-/- mouse model (influenza and H. influenzae challenge), cytokine measurement Nature immunology High 27695001
2018 TRIM29 interacts with MAVS and induces its K11-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, negatively regulating type I IFN production in response to dsRNA viruses (reovirus, poly I:C). Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, Trim29-/- mouse model (reovirus challenge), IFN measurement Journal of immunology High 29769269
2010 ATDC/TRIM29 binds p53, sequesters it outside the nucleus, and represses p53-regulated gene expression (p21, NOXA), thereby promoting cell proliferation and resistance to ionizing radiation. This interaction is modulated by acetylation of lysine 116 on ATDC. Co-immunoprecipitation, reporter gene assays, immunofluorescence (p53 localization), RNAi silencing, cell proliferation assays Molecular and cellular biology High 20368352
2010 HDAC9 co-purifies with TRIM29/ATDC and deacetylates it, thereby altering TRIM29's ability to associate with p53 and inhibiting TRIM29's cell proliferation-promoting activity. Biochemical co-purification, deacetylation assay, co-immunoprecipitation, cell proliferation assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 20947501
2011 TRIM29 binds Tip60 acetyltransferase (identified by yeast two-hybrid screening), promotes Tip60 degradation and altered localization, and reduces Tip60-mediated acetylation of p53 at lysine 120, thereby suppressing apoptosis and enhancing cell growth. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, Western blot for Tip60 levels, p53-K120 acetylation assay, UV-induced apoptosis assay (HCT116 cells) Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 21463657
2015 TRIM29 functions as a histone-binding scaffold protein that interacts with BRCA1-associated surveillance complex, cohesin, DNA-PKcs, and components of the TIP60 complex, assembling them into damaged chromatin; TRIM29 binding to modified H3 and H4 tails in nucleosomes is required for H2AX phosphorylation and cell viability after ionizing radiation. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics (MudPIT), co-immunoprecipitation, histone binding assays, chromatin fractionation, γH2AX readout, clonogenic survival after IR Nature communications High 26095369
2014 ATDC/TRIM29 is directly phosphorylated by MAPKAP kinase 2 (MK2) at Serine 550 in an ATM-dependent manner, and this phosphorylation is required for ATDC's radioprotective function in pancreatic cancer cells. In vitro kinase assay (MK2 phosphorylating ATDC), site-directed mutagenesis (S550 mutants), clonogenic survival after IR, mouse xenograft model Cancer research High 24469230
2014 ATDC/TRIM29 overexpression in vivo drives both noninvasive and invasive bladder carcinoma in transgenic mice by suppressing miR-29 expression, leading to DNMT3A upregulation, DNA methylation, and silencing of the tumor suppressor PTEN. Transgenic mouse model (ATDC overexpression), miRNA profiling, DNMT3A and PTEN expression analysis, methylation assays Cancer research High 26471361
2014 TRIM29 suppresses invasive breast cancer behavior by inhibiting TWIST1 activity; TWIST1 transcriptionally represses TRIM29 expression by directly binding E-box elements in the TRIM29 promoter, establishing a negative regulatory feedback loop. RNAi silencing, TWIST1 overexpression/knockdown, promoter-luciferase reporter assay with E-box mutation, EMT marker analysis (E/N-cadherin, vimentin, EpCAM) Cancer research Medium 24950909
2019 TRIM29 ubiquitinates and degrades TAB2 (TGF-β-activated kinase 1 binding protein 2) in NK cells following activation, thereby negatively regulating IFN-γ production; TRIM29-deficient NK cells produce more IFN-γ and protect mice from murine CMV infection. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, TRIM29-specific NK cell knockout mice (CMV challenge), IFN-γ measurement Journal of immunology High 31270148
2018 Loss of TRIM29 in squamous cell carcinoma cells leads to ectopic keratin localization; TRIM29 interacts with keratins and keratin-interacting protein FAM83H to regulate the keratin distribution network. Comprehensive proteomics, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence (keratin localization), TRIM29 knockdown/overexpression migration/invasion assays Cancer research High 30389700
2019 TRIM29 interacts with IGF2BP1 and induces its K48-linked ubiquitination at Lys440 and Lys450, leading to IGF2BP1 degradation; loss of IGF2BP1 reduces PD-L1 mRNA stability, enhancing anti-tumor T-cell immunity in gastric cancer. Proteomics, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro ubiquitination assay (specific lysine sites), PD-L1 3'UTR reporter assay, in vivo tumor model Cancer letters High 38029830
2024 TRIM29 interacts with PERK (protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase) and promotes SUMOylation of PERK to maintain its stability, thereby sustaining PERK-mediated ER stress, apoptosis, and ROS responses that promote viral replication in cardiomyocytes during viral myocarditis. Co-immunoprecipitation, SUMOylation assay, TRIM29-/- mouse model (cardiotropic virus challenge), PERK inhibitor (GSK2656157) in vivo treatment, cardiac function readouts Nature communications High 38664417
2024 TRIM29 promotes K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of both NLRP6 and NLRP9b in intestinal epithelial cells, suppressing IFN-λ and IL-18 production during enteric RNA virus infection, thereby facilitating viral-induced intestinal inflammation. TRIM29 knockout in intestinal epithelial cells (rotavirus and EMCV models), ubiquitination assay, cytokine measurement (IFN-λ, IL-18), immune cell recruitment analysis Mucosal immunology High 39396665
2019 TRIM29 knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells destabilizes ISG15 protein by promoting its processing via calpain 3 (CAPN3); TRIM29 normally protects ISG15 from CAPN3-mediated cleavage, and extracellular free ISG15 (secreted) maintains cancer stem cell-like features via autocrine signaling. TRIM29 knockdown, CAPN3 inhibitor treatment, ISG15 stability assays, stem cell sphere formation, rescue experiments with secreted ISG15 Oncogene Medium 31501523
2021 TRIM29 directly binds YAP1 and reduces its K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation, thereby stabilizing YAP1 and promoting pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro ubiquitination assay, YAP1 protein stability analysis, rescue proliferation experiments, mouse xenograft Journal of translational medicine Medium 34353343
2021 TRIM29 promotes degradation of pyruvate kinase M1 (PKM1) via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by directly targeting PKM1, reducing the PKM1/PKM2 ratio and promoting PKM2-mediated aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) in colorectal cancer. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, PKM1/PKM2 ratio analysis, metabolic assays, TRIM29 knockdown/overexpression in vitro and in vivo Aging Medium 33495406
2023 TRIM29 interacts with IκBα and mediates its K48-linked ubiquitination-dependent degradation, leading to NF-κB activation and downstream NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated podocyte pyroptosis in diabetic nephropathy. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, TRIM29 overexpression/knockdown with NF-κB inhibitor rescue, NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-N Western blot, flow cytometry for pyroptosis Cell biology international Medium 36841942
2023 TRIM29 interacts with NLRC4 inflammasome protein and promotes its K48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in neurons and microglia, thereby reducing NLRC4 inflammasome activation and limiting neuronal injury in ischemic stroke. Co-immunoprecipitation with truncation mutants, ubiquitination assay, TRIM29 knockout mice (MCAO model), immunofluorescence for apoptosis/pyroptosis, cytokine measurement Stroke Medium 37021569
2015 TRIM29 is required for regulation of the p63 (TAp63α)-mediated pathway in cervical cancer cells; TRIM29 controls TAp63α expression levels and modulates integrin expression and ZEB1 to regulate cell adhesion and invasion. TRIM29 knockdown and overexpression, TAp63α expression analysis, integrin profiling, cell adhesion and invasion assays Biochimica et biophysica acta Low 26071105
2020 TRIM29 is required for efficient recruitment of 53BP1 to DNA double-strand break sites; TRIM29 knockout cells show impaired 53BP1 foci formation after etoposide, reduced NHEJ efficiency, and compensatory upregulation of RAD51-mediated homologous recombination. Gene targeting (homologous recombination) in DT40 cells, clonogenic survival assays, immunofluorescence for γH2AX, 53BP1, and RAD51 foci FEBS open bio Medium 33017104
2025 USP18 interacts with TRIM29 and facilitates its K27-linked ubiquitination by recruiting TRIM21 (which directly ubiquitinates TRIM29 at Lys561); this promotes TRIM29 oligomerization and nuclear translocation, enhancing DNA damage response and radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay (site-specific K561 mutant), immunofluorescence for nuclear translocation, radiosensitivity assays Cell death and differentiation Medium 41219493
2023 TRIM29 interacts with VDAC1 to activate mitophagy, which clears damaged mitochondria and reduces ROS accumulation, thereby preventing cellular senescence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, TRIM29 silencing with ROS measurement, mitophagy assays, cellular senescence assays, in vivo tumor growth Cancer science Medium 37248790
2025 TRIM29 promotes K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of PRRSV nsp11 (binding via TRIM29's coiled-coil domain at conserved catalytic residue K173), thereby inhibiting nsp11's suppression of IFN-β and restricting PRRSV replication. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro ubiquitination assay (K173R mutant), domain-mapping experiments, IFN-β reporter assays, viral replication assays Journal of virology Medium 41251350
2025 TRIM29 physically interacts with K14+ intermediate filaments in bladder cancer cells, and this interaction regulates focal adhesion stability (requiring ZYX) to drive cancer cell migration and invasion. Co-immunoprecipitation, KD/KO functional assays (migration, invasion), focal adhesion analysis, K14 and ZYX knockdown rescue experiments Oncogene Medium 40908312
2024 O-GlcNAcylation of TRIM29 at threonine 120 (T120) is required for TRIM29-mediated adaptive responses of pancreatic cancer cells to glucose deficiency; TRIM29 and OGT form a feedback loop where OGT O-GlcNAcylates TRIM29, and TRIM29 promotes OGT translation. Western blot, mass spectrometry, WGA-immunoprecipitation, T120 site mutagenesis, protein stability and translation assays under glucose deprivation, crystal violet/flow cytometry functional assays Cellular oncology Medium 38345749
2025 TRIM29 degrades YBX1 through K48-linked ubiquitination, thereby inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and reversing lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, transcriptome sequencing, ubiquitination assay, colony formation/CCK8/flow cytometry, in vivo xenograft Translational oncology Medium 39874728
2016 TRIM29 expression in breast tumor and non-tumorigenic mammary cells is negatively regulated by ATM: basal TRIM29 levels depend on NF-κB (RelA subunit) activity, and hypoxia-induced TRIM29 upregulation requires both ATM and HIF1α through increased TRIM29 gene transcription. ATM knockdown, RelA knockdown, HIF1α inhibition, hypoxia treatment, TRIM29 promoter-reporter assays, Western blot The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 27535224
2021 TRIM29 maintains cancer stem cell-like features in ovarian cancer by facilitating SETBP1 transcriptional activation through the VEZF1 transcription factor; TRIM29 promotes VEZF1 mRNA translation by recruiting RNA-binding protein BICC1 to the VEZF1 3'UTR, and the SETBP1/SET/PP2A axis downstream mediates the CSC phenotype. Global proteomics, co-immunoprecipitation, RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP), luciferase reporter, TRIM29 KD rescue experiments Cancer letters Medium 34973391
2025 TRIM29 interacts with FAM83H, stabilizes it by reducing its ubiquitination and degradation, thereby redistributing cellular keratins, activating NF-κB, upregulating PLXNB2, and enhancing CRC cell adhesion and liver metastatic colonization. Multi-omics, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, FAM83H stability analysis, NF-κB and PLXNB2 pathway readouts, in vivo metastasis model Cellular signalling Medium 40389046
2024 tRF-AspGTC binds galectin-3 and inhibits TRIM29-mediated ubiquitination of galectin-3, thereby stabilizing galectin-3, which activates TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling to drive vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching and intracranial aneurysm formation. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, tRF-AspGTC gain/loss of function, galectin-3 stability assays, TLR4/NF-κB pathway readouts Research (Washington, D.C.) Medium 39776588
2021 KLF4 binds a specific site in the TRIM29 promoter to transactivate its transcription, and KLF4-driven TRIM29 expression mediates KLF4-induced cell migration and modulation of the keratin network (keratin 8 phosphorylation at aa 432). Promoter-luciferase assay, ChIP or promoter binding assay, TRIM29 knockdown rescue of KLF4-induced migration, Western blot for KRT8 phosphorylation Biochemistry and biophysics reports Low 34485714
2024 TRIM29 promotes PHLPP1 K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; TRIM29 is recruited by NAP1L5 which binds PHLPP1, and the resulting PHLPP1 degradation activates AKT/mTOR signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, PHLPP1 stability analysis, NAP1L5/TRIM29 knockdown, AKT/mTOR pathway readouts Biochemical pharmacology Medium 37717692
2026 TRIM29 directly binds IκBα via its BB2 domain and catalyzes K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of IκBα, activating NF-κB signaling and promoting EMT in CXCL5+ pancreatic cancer cells to drive microvascular invasion. Co-immunoprecipitation (domain mapping), ubiquitination assay, ChIP-qPCR, migration/invasion assays, xenograft model Molecular cancer Medium 41952208

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 99 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2017 TRIM29 promotes DNA virus infections by inhibiting innate immune response. Nature communications 215 29038422
2016 Identification of a role for TRIM29 in the control of innate immunity in the respiratory tract. Nature immunology 170 27695001
2018 TRIM29 negatively controls antiviral immune response through targeting STING for degradation. Cell discovery 134 29581886
2020 m6A-YTHDF1-mediated TRIM29 upregulation facilitates the stem cell-like phenotype of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research 116 33011193
2010 The ATDC (TRIM29) protein binds p53 and antagonizes p53-mediated functions. Molecular and cellular biology 107 20368352
2021 CircIL4R activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway via the miR-761/TRIM29/PHLPP1 axis and promotes proliferation and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Molecular cancer 100 34922544
2007 Tripartite motif-containing 29 (TRIM29) is a novel marker for lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Annals of surgical oncology 95 17597343
2024 Loss of TRIM29 mitigates viral myocarditis by attenuating PERK-driven ER stress response in male mice. Nature communications 89 38664417
2014 TRIM29 suppresses TWIST1 and invasive breast cancer behavior. Cancer research 83 24950909
2011 TRIM29 negatively regulates p53 via inhibition of Tip60. Biochimica et biophysica acta 79 21463657
2018 TRIM29 Negatively Regulates the Type I IFN Production in Response to RNA Virus. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 76 29769269
2015 TRIM29 functions as an oncogene in gastric cancer and is regulated by miR-185. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 68 26191199
2010 Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) regulates the functions of the ATDC (TRIM29) protein. The Journal of biological chemistry 67 20947501
2015 ATDC/TRIM29 Drives Invasive Bladder Cancer Formation through miRNA-Mediated and Epigenetic Mechanisms. Cancer research 64 26471361
2016 Upregulated TRIM29 promotes proliferation and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via PTEN/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Oncotarget 61 26872369
2015 TRIM29 regulates the assembly of DNA repair proteins into damaged chromatin. Nature communications 60 26095369
2019 MicroRNA-424-5p acts as a potential biomarker and inhibits proliferation and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting TRIM29. Life sciences 59 30876939
2023 TRIM29 promotes antitumor immunity through enhancing IGF2BP1 ubiquitination and subsequent PD-L1 downregulation in gastric cancer. Cancer letters 57 38029830
2014 ATDC/TRIM29 phosphorylation by ATM/MAPKAP kinase 2 mediates radioresistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer research 55 24469230
2019 TRIM29 facilitates the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the progression of colorectal cancer via the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 53 30813948
2011 TRIM29 functions as a tumor suppressor in nontumorigenic breast cells and invasive ER+ breast cancer. The American journal of pathology 52 22138580
2017 TRIM29 promotes progression of thyroid carcinoma via activating P13K/AKT signaling pathway. Oncology reports 51 28098872
2016 TRIM29 Overexpression Promotes Proliferation and Survival of Bladder Cancer Cells through NF-κB Signaling. Cancer research and treatment 50 26987391
2014 TRIM29 as a novel prostate basal cell marker for diagnosis of prostate cancer. Acta histochemica 46 24485335
2018 Loss of TRIM29 Alters Keratin Distribution to Promote Cell Invasion in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer research 42 30389700
2016 RNA interference against TRIM29 inhibits migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Oncology reports 42 27430345
2019 Identification of the E3 Ligase TRIM29 as a Critical Checkpoint Regulator of NK Cell Functions. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 41 31270148
2017 microRNA-761 induces aggressive phenotypes in triple-negative breast cancer cells by repressing TRIM29 expression. Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 41 28054302
2019 Loss of TRIM29 suppresses cancer stem cell-like characteristics of PDACs via accelerating ISG15 degradation. Oncogene 40 31501523
2012 Significance of TRIM29 and β-catenin expression in non-small-cell lung cancer. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA 37 22721621
2020 TRIM29 mediates lung squamous cell carcinoma cell metastasis by regulating autophagic degradation of E-cadherin. Aging 36 32640423
2019 TRIM29 prevents hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica 34 30566565
2021 TRIM29 regulates the SETBP1/SET/PP2A axis via transcription factor VEZF1 to promote progression of ovarian cancer. Cancer letters 33 34973391
2024 TRIM29 controls enteric RNA virus-induced intestinal inflammation by targeting NLRP6 and NLRP9b signaling pathways. Mucosal immunology 29 39396665
2024 TRIM29 facilitates gemcitabine resistance via MEK/ERK pathway and is modulated by circRPS29/miR-770-5p axis in PDAC. Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy 28 38518727
2021 Transcriptional dysregulation of TRIM29 promotes colorectal cancer carcinogenesis via pyruvate kinase-mediated glucose metabolism. Aging 28 33495406
2014 TRIM29 as a novel biomarker in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Disease markers 28 24864129
2016 The Breast Cancer Tumor Suppressor TRIM29 Is Expressed via ATM-dependent Signaling in Response to Hypoxia. The Journal of biological chemistry 27 27535224
2023 TRIM29 promotes podocyte pyroptosis in diabetic nephropathy through the NF-kB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Cell biology international 26 36841942
2020 TRIM29 inhibits miR-873-5P biogenesis via CYTOR to upregulate fibronectin 1 and promotes invasion of papillary thyroid cancer cells. Cell death & disease 26 32994394
2020 Long non‑coding RNA TP73‑AS1 accelerates the progression and cisplatin resistance of non‑small cell lung cancer by upregulating the expression of TRIM29 via competitively targeting microRNA‑34a‑5p. Molecular medicine reports 24 32901838
2021 E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM29 promotes pancreatic cancer growth and progression via stabilizing Yes-associated protein 1. Journal of translational medicine 23 34353343
2019 LncRNA HOXA11-AS accumulation-induced microRNA-761 downregulation regulates cell growth by targeting TRIM29 in papillary thyroid cancer. American journal of translational research 23 31814890
2018 MicroRNA‑122 acts as tumor suppressor by targeting TRIM29 and blocking the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro. Molecular medicine reports 21 29693120
2015 TRIM29 regulates the p63-mediated pathway in cervical cancer cells. Biochimica et biophysica acta 21 26071105
2025 tRF-AspGTC Promotes Intracranial Aneurysm Formation by Controlling TRIM29-Mediated Galectin-3 Ubiquitination. Research (Washington, D.C.) 19 39776588
2023 TRIM29 (Tripartite Motif Containing 29) Alleviates NLRC4 (NLR Family CARD Domain Containing Protein 4) Inflammasome Related Cerebral Injury via Promoting Proteasomal Degradation of NLRC4 in Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 16 37021569
2017 Epigenetic landscape change analysis during human EMT sheds light on a key EMT mediator TRIM29. Oncotarget 16 29228692
2021 TRIM29 in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Frontiers in medicine 15 34988104
2021 TRIM29 alters bioenergetics of pancreatic cancer cells via cooperation of miR-2355-3p and DDX3X recruitment to AK4 transcript. Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids 14 33898107
2020 Suppression of long noncoding RNA LINC00324 restricts cell proliferation and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma through downregulation of TRIM29 via upregulating microRNA-195-5p. Aging 13 33318312
2023 lncRNA ELFN1-AS1 upregulates TRIM29 by suppressing miR-211-3p to promote gastric cancer progression. Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica 11 36876422
2023 TRIM29 hypermethylation drives esophageal cancer progression via suppression of ZNF750. Cell death discovery 11 37365152
2021 Combined serum anti-SSA/Ro and salivary TRIM29 reveals promising high diagnostic accuracy in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. PloS one 11 34624052
2021 miR-34c-5p mediates the cellular malignant behaviors of oral squamous cell carcinoma through targeted binding of TRIM29. Annals of translational medicine 11 34790743
2025 TRIM29 reverses lenvatinib resistance in liver cancer cells by ubiquitinating and degrading YBX1 to inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway. Translational oncology 10 39874728
2024 TRIM-endous functional network of tripartite motif 29 (TRIM29) in cancer progression and beyond. Cancer metastasis reviews 10 39644332
2022 Identification of a Novel Oncogenic Fusion Gene SPON1-TRIM29 in Clinical Ovarian Cancer That Promotes Cell and Tumor Growth and Enhances Chemoresistance in A2780 Cells. International journal of molecular sciences 10 35054873
2021 TRIM29 Reverses Oxaliplatin Resistance of P53 Mutant Colon Cancer Cell. Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology 10 33824865
2024 LncRNA PVT1 facilitates the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer by sponging with miR-3619-5p to regulate TRIM29 expression. Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) 9 38837682
2012 [Predicative value of expression of TrkB and TRIM29 in biopsy tissues from preoperative gastroscopy in lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 9 22490895
2023 TRIM29 knockdown prevented the colon cancer progression through decreasing the ubiquitination levels of KRT5. Open life sciences 8 37671092
2023 Duck TRIM29 negatively regulates type I IFN production by targeting MAVS. Frontiers in immunology 7 36685538
2025 Role of TRIM29 in disease: What is and is not known. International immunopharmacology 6 39755113
2025 TRIM29 promotes glioblastoma progression via ubiquitinating NEFL and activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Cancer genetics 6 40617179
2023 TRIM29 acts as a potential senescence suppressor with epigenetic activation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer science 6 37248790
2022 Clinical significance of TRIM29 expression in patients with gastric cancer. Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench 6 35845310
2020 TRIM29 is required for efficient recruitment of 53BP1 in response to DNA double-strand breaks in vertebrate cells. FEBS open bio 6 33017104
2025 TRIM29 alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Scientific reports 5 40634479
2024 TP63-TRIM29 axis regulates enhancer methylation and chromosomal instability in prostate cancer. Epigenetics & chromatin 5 38481282
2024 microRNA-637/661 ameliorate hypoxic-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by targeting TRIM29 signaling pathway. Scientific reports 5 39543168
2023 TRIM29 facilitates proliferation and malignancy of cholangiocarcinoma cells by activating MAPK and β-catenin pathways. Environmental toxicology 5 37219039
2023 NAP1L5 facilitates pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression via TRIM29-mediated ubiquitination of PHLPP1. Biochemical pharmacology 5 37717692
2023 TRIM29 promotes the progression of colorectal cancer by suppressing EZH2 degradation. Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 4 37837384
2021 KLF4 transactivates TRIM29 expression and modulates keratin network. Biochemistry and biophysics reports 4 34485714
2025 METTL3 promotes podocyte pyroptosis in diabetic nephropathy through N6-methyladenosine modification of TRIM29 mRNA. Renal failure 3 40325507
2025 TRIM29 upregulation contributes to chemoresistance in triple negative breast cancer via modulating S100P-β-catenin axis. Cell communication and signaling : CCS 3 40420099
2025 USP18 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma radioresistance via TRIM29 oligomerization and ubiquitination. Cell death and differentiation 3 41219493
2024 Targeting TRIM29 As a Negative Regulator of CAR-NK Cell Effector Function to Improve Antitumor Efficacy of these Cells: A Perspective. Current molecular medicine 3 37218209
2024 Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerate Recovery of Acetic Acid-Induced Chronic Gastric Ulcer by Regulating Ekt/Akt/TRIM29 Axis. Stem cells international 3 38213743
2024 TRIM29 modulates proteins involved in PTEN/AKT/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and suppresses the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) 3 38393440
2025 TRIM29 promotes bladder cancer invasion by regulating the intermediate filament network and focal adhesion. Oncogene 2 40908312
2023 TRIM29 promotes bladder cancer invasion by regulating the intermediate filament network and focal adhesion. Research square 2 38168254
2020 Alteration in Expression of Trim29, TRIM37, TRIM44, and β-Catenin Genes After Irradiation in Human Cells with Different Radiosensitivity. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals 2 32833505
2026 TRIM29 drives ulcerative colitis by disrupting lipid metabolism via lysosomal dysfunction: a multi-omics and experimental study. Frontiers in immunology 1 41601651
2025 A Novel Rexinoid Agonist, UAB116, Decreases Metastatic Phenotype in Hepatoblastoma by Inhibiting the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway via Upregulation of TRIM29. International journal of molecular sciences 1 40362175
2025 TRIM29 promotes liver metastasis via enhancing hepatic colonization by stabilizing FAM83H to regulate keratin network in colorectal cancer. Cellular signalling 1 40389046
2024 Silencing TRIM29 Sensitizes Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells to Anlotinib by Promoting Apoptosis via Binding RAD50. Current cancer drug targets 1 37644752
2024 O-GlcNAcylation of TRIM29 and OGT translation forms a feedback loop to promote adaptive response of PDAC cells to glucose deficiency. Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 1 38345749
2026 Expression of TRIM29 and its association with p40 and TTF1 in lung carcinoma. Revista espanola de patologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Anatomia Patologica y de la Sociedad Espanola de Citologia 0 41534311
2026 Lactylation-drived TRIM29 induces invasive behavior and lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer via hnRNPA1-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cell death & disease 0 41688430
2026 TRIM29 knockout pigs exhibit enhanced broad-spectrum disease resilience by amplifying type I interferon antiviral defenses. PLoS pathogens 0 41770824
2026 TRIM29 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and stromal remodeling in lung adenocarcinoma: integrated validation at histologic, transcriptomic, and protein levels. Scientific reports 0 41866442
2026 TRIM29 promotes pancreatic cancer MVI via IκBα K48-ubiquitination and NF-κB activation in CXCL5⁺ epithelial cells. Molecular cancer 0 41952208
2026 TRIM29 suppresses malignant progression in lung squamous cell carcinoma by shaping an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Scientific reports 0 41963599
2026 [Corrigendum] MicroRNA‑122 acts as tumor suppressor by targeting TRIM29 and blocking the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro. Molecular medicine reports 0 41992967
2026 TRIM29 is Critical for Bladder Cancer Progression and Modulates the Tumor-Immune Niche. Research square 0 42239777
2025 [Retracted] RNA interference against TRIM29 inhibits migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Oncology reports 0 40341385
2025 TRIM29 inhibits PRRSV replication by targeting nsp11 for degradation. Journal of virology 0 41251350

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