| 2011 |
Unlike Lin28A which acts in the cytoplasm via TUTase (Zcchc11/TUT4) recruitment to pre-let-7, Lin28B functions in the nucleus by sequestering primary let-7 transcripts (pri-let-7) and inhibiting their processing by the Microprocessor, independent of Zcchc11. |
Knockdown experiments, nuclear fractionation, functional rescue assays, xenograft tumor models |
Cell |
High |
22118463
|
| 2009 |
c-Myc directly binds the LIN28B promoter (demonstrated by ChIP and reporter assays) and transcriptionally transactivates LIN28B expression, which is necessary and sufficient for Myc-mediated let-7 repression and consequent cellular proliferation. |
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), reporter assays, loss-of-function (siRNA knockdown), gain-of-function overexpression in human and mouse tumor models |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
19211792
|
| 2012 |
LIN28B represses let-7 miRNAs, resulting in elevated MYCN protein expression in neuroblastoma cells, blocking differentiation of neuroblasts; a mouse model with LIN28B expression in the sympathetic adrenergic lineage induced neuroblastoma with low let-7 and high MYCN. |
In vivo mouse model (transgenic), cell-based knockdown/overexpression, miRNA and protein expression assays |
Nature genetics |
High |
23042116
|
| 2006 |
LIN28B protein shows cell cycle-dependent nuclear translocation in Huh7 cells, is predominantly cytoplasmic, contains a cold shock domain and CCHC zinc finger domains, and induced expression promotes cancer cell proliferation. |
Western blot with polyclonal antibody, subcellular fractionation/immunolocalization, tet-off inducible expression system, cell proliferation assay |
Gene |
Medium |
16971064
|
| 2011 |
LIN28B directly binds LGR5 and PROM1 mRNAs, increasing their expression in a let-7-independent manner, and promotes colon cancer cell migration, invasion, and transformation of immortalized colonic epithelial cells. |
Overexpression in colonic epithelial and cancer cell lines, let-7 restoration experiments, RNA binding (pulldown), cell migration/invasion assays |
Oncogene |
Medium |
21625210
|
| 2013 |
PAR-CLIP and iDo-PAR-CLIP identified LIN28B as directly interacting with most expressed mRNAs and pre-let-7 family members at nucleotide resolution; the position of binding sites reflected the structural orientation of individual LIN28B-binding domains (CSD and CCHC zinc fingers); LIN28B knockdown reduced protein synthesis from RNA targets, with the magnitude correlating with binding site location. |
PAR-CLIP, iDo-PAR-CLIP (individual domain PAR-CLIP), quantitative shotgun proteomics, knockdown experiments |
RNA biology |
High |
23770886
|
| 2013 |
LIN28B overexpression in adult human erythroblasts reduces let-7 expression, significantly increases fetal hemoglobin (HbF >30% of total hemoglobin) and γ-globin expression, and downregulates BCL11A; conversely, LIN28B knockdown in cord blood erythroblasts reduces HbF. Let-7 suppression independently reduces BCL11A and increases HbF. |
Lentiviral transduction (knockdown and overexpression), ex vivo erythroblast culture from CD34+ cells, quantitative hemoglobin analysis, gene expression profiling |
Blood |
High |
23798711
|
| 2020 |
LIN28B directly interacts with ribosomes and BCL11A mRNA and suppresses BCL11A mRNA translation independently of its role in regulating let-7 microRNAs, thereby controlling fetal hemoglobin levels during human hematopoietic development; BCL11A is the major target of LIN28B-mediated HbF induction. |
Unbiased genomic (ribosome profiling) and proteomic analyses, RNA immunoprecipitation, ribosome association assays, loss-of-function studies with let-7-independent controls |
Nature genetics |
High |
31959994
|
| 2014 |
LIN28B overexpression is sufficient to initiate hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in murine models; IGF2BP3 is upregulated downstream and required for LIN28B-driven liver cancer growth; intravenous siRNA or conditional deletion of Lin28b reduces tumor burden and prolongs survival. |
Liver-specific transgenic overexpression, conditional knockout (liver-specific Lin28a/b deletion), intravenous siRNA, xenograft models, survival analysis |
Cancer cell |
High |
25117712
|
| 2013 |
LIN28B intestinal overexpression causes intestinal hypertrophy, crypt expansion, Paneth cell loss, and polyp/adenocarcinoma formation; CLIP-seq identified direct mRNA binding targets whose protein levels are modestly augmented; let-7-dependent effects predominate, as let-7c2/let-7b deletion recapitulates Lin28b overexpression and intestinal-specific let-7 rescues hypertrophy and Paneth cell depletion caused by Lin28b independently of insulin-PI3K-mTOR signaling. |
Intestine-targeted transgenic overexpression, mirLet7c2/mirLet7b gene deletion, CLIP-seq (ribonucleoprotein cross-linking and immunoprecipitation), let-7 rescue experiments |
Genes & development |
High |
24142874
|
| 2014 |
TRIM71 (a TRIM-NHL ubiquitin ligase) negatively regulates LIN28B protein stability by catalyzing its polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation; a C-terminal ~50 amino acid stretch unique to LIN28B (absent from Lin28A) is essential for TRIM71 interaction and polyubiquitination; the N-terminal RING finger motif of TRIM71 is critical for this interaction, and TRIM71 knockdown reduces let-7 expression through LIN28B stabilization. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, domain deletion mutagenesis (LIN28B C-terminal truncation, TRIM71 RING mutant), proteasome inhibitor experiments, siRNA knockdown |
Biochimica et biophysica acta |
High |
24602972
|
| 2015 |
OTUD6B deubiquitylase stabilizes LIN28B as a cell cycle-specific substrate; OTUD6B stabilization of LIN28B drives MYC expression at G1/S phase transition, enabling rapid S-phase entry; OTUD6B or LIN28B silencing inhibits multiple myeloma outgrowth in vivo. |
DUB screen, substrate identification, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, cell cycle analysis, in vivo xenograft model with shRNA knockdown |
The EMBO journal |
High |
36059274
|
| 2016 |
SIRT6 loss results in histone hyperacetylation at the LIN28B promoter, Myc recruitment, and LIN28B induction; SIRT6 inactivation accelerates PDAC progression via LIN28B upregulation and downstream let-7 target gene induction (HMGA2, IGF2BP1, IGF2BP3). |
SIRT6 conditional knockout mouse model, ChIP for histone acetylation and Myc at LIN28B promoter, gene expression profiling, in vivo tumor models |
Cell |
High |
27180906
|
| 2019 |
Lin28b directly interacts with IGF2BP3 (demonstrated by proteomics and in situ analyses); co-expression of Lin28b and Igf2bp3 in adult HSPCs reactivates fetal-like B-cell development more efficiently than either alone; in B-cell progenitors, Lin28b and Igf2bp3 jointly stabilize thousands of mRNAs (including Pax5 and Arid3a) by binding at the same sites, and Igf2bp3 mRNA forms part of an autoregulatory loop. |
Single-cell RNA sequencing, proteomics, in situ co-localization, co-expression in vivo, RNA binding site mapping, retroviral overexpression in adult HSPCs |
Genes & development |
High |
31221665
|
| 2015 |
DIS3 ribonuclease reduces LIN28B mRNA stability in the cytoplasm, thereby facilitating let-7 miRNA maturation; DIS3 inactivation increases LIN28B and reduces mature let-7, enhancing MYC and RAS translation. |
DIS3 loss-of-function (knockdown/inactivation), LIN28B mRNA stability assay, let-7 maturation assay, polysome/translation analysis |
Nucleic acids research |
Medium |
25925570
|
| 2015 |
LIN28B is a critical regulator of developmental timing in the murine cochlea; prolonged LIN28B expression delays prosensory cell cycle withdrawal and differentiation causing hair cell and supporting cell patterning defects; LIN28B has let-7-independent functions in the timing of differentiation in this context, as let-7g overexpression induces premature cell cycle exit but not premature HC differentiation. |
Transgenic mouse models (LIN28B overexpression and let-7g overexpression), Notch inhibition experiments, cell cycle analysis, immunostaining |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
26139524
|
| 2016 |
Lin28b deletion or ectopic let-7 activation in the fetal hematopoietic system induces a shift toward adult-like myeloid-dominant output, while inhibition of let-7 in adults recapitulates fetal erythroid-dominant hematopoiesis; HMGA2 is identified as a downstream effector of the Lin28b-let-7 genetic switch in myeloerythroid development. |
Lin28b conditional knockout, let-7 inhibitor/mimic in vivo, genetic epistasis with Hmga2 knockdown, flow cytometric analysis of hematopoietic output |
The Journal of experimental medicine |
High |
27401346
|
| 2016 |
Lin28b overexpression in fetal T cells promotes Treg differentiation by maintaining elevated TGF-β signaling components (TGF-βRI, TGF-βRIII, SMAD2); Lin28b knockdown in fetal T cells decreases Treg differentiation with decreased TGF-β signaling; these TGF-β mediators are let-7 targets, suggesting the mechanism is Lin28b→let-7 suppression→TGF-β signaling components upregulation→enhanced Treg differentiation. |
Lin28b knockdown in primary fetal T cells, Treg differentiation assay, SMAD phosphorylation analysis, receptor expression measurement |
Journal of immunology |
Medium |
27793996
|
| 2020 |
LIN28B regulates transcription in neuroblastoma through protein-protein interaction with the sequence-specific zinc-finger transcription factor ZNF143, binding active gene promoters (demonstrated by ChIP-seq and co-immunoprecipitation); this activates adrenergic core regulatory circuitry transcription factors and GSK3B/L1CAM; a let-7-processing-deficient LIN28B mutant retains this function, establishing a let-7-independent transcriptional mechanism. |
ChIP-seq, co-immunoprecipitation, let-7-processing-deficient LIN28B mutant overexpression, in vivo neuroblastoma penetrance assay, invasion/migration assays |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
32601179
|
| 2015 |
The uridylation pathway participates in LIN28B-mediated let-7 blockade: both Lin28A and Lin28B interact with Dis3l2 in the cytoplasm; Dis3l2 silencing upregulates uridylated pre-let-7 in Lin28B-expressing cancer cells; amounts of let-7 precursors influence intracellular localization of Lin28B; MCPIP1 ribonuclease also degrades uridylated and non-uridylated pre-let-7. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (Lin28B-Dis3l2 interaction), siRNA knockdown of Dis3l2/MCPIP1, pre-let-7 uridylation quantification, subcellular fractionation |
Cancer science |
Medium |
26080928
|
| 2020 |
KRAS promotes LIN28B nuclear translocation through PKCβ, which directly binds to and phosphorylates LIN28B at S243; nuclear LIN28B blocks mature let-7i production, increasing TET3 mRNA/protein levels; elevated TET3 promotes Lin28B expression forming a Lin28B/let-7i/TET3 feedback loop. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, phosphorylation assay, nuclear fractionation, site-directed mutagenesis (S243), overexpression and knockdown of KRAS/PKCβ/LIN28B/TET3, let-7i quantification |
Molecular oncology |
Medium |
33107691
|
| 2021 |
NSUN2 methyltransferase induces m5C modification of GRB2 mRNA; LIN28B acts as a novel m5C reader mediating stabilization of GRB2 mRNA, elevating GRB2 protein levels and activating PI3K/AKT and ERK/MAPK signaling. |
Transcriptome-wide m5C profiling (bisulfite sequencing), RIP (LIN28B-GRB2 mRNA interaction), NSUN2 knockout mouse models, pathway activation assays |
Oncogene |
Medium |
34345012
|
| 2018 |
LIN28B binds AKT2 mRNA and enhances its protein expression; this elevates AKT2 activity, leading to FOXO3A phosphorylation and decreased BIM transcription, thereby inhibiting apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. |
RNA-IP microarray (RIP-chip) to identify LIN28B-bound mRNAs, Western blot for AKT2/FOXO3A/BIM, overexpression/knockdown functional assays, apoptosis assays |
Signal transduction and targeted therapy |
Medium |
30174831
|
| 2018 |
LIN28B directly binds to NRP-1 3'UTR, stabilizing NRP-1 mRNA and activating downstream Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote gastric cancer cell stemness. |
RNA immunoprecipitation (direct binding assay), mRNA stability assay, Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor rescue, knockdown/overexpression functional assays |
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy |
Medium |
29787985
|
| 2023 |
OCT4 targets LIN28B chromatin: high-resolution cryo-EM structures show three OCT4 molecules binding the LIN28B-containing nucleosome via non-canonical DNA sequences; two OCT4s use their POUS domains and one uses POUS-loop-POUHD, with POUHD acting as a wedge to unwrap ~25 bp DNA; multiple OCT4s cooperatively open H1-condensed nucleosome arrays containing the LIN28B nucleosome. |
Cryo-EM structure determination, biochemical nucleosome binding assays, genomic data analysis, ESRRB-nucleosome-OCT4 structure determination |
Molecular cell |
High |
37327775
|
| 2009 |
N-Myc directly binds to the LIN28B gene region and regulates LIN28B expression in neuroblastoma, established by ChIP-chip assay; N-Myc levels closely correlate with LIN28B expression in both neuroblastoma cells and neural stem cells with N-myc knockout. |
ChIP-chip assay, Tet-regulatable N-myc transgene, nestin-cre N-myc knockout, expression correlation |
PloS one |
Medium |
19495417
|
| 2015 |
MYCN regulates LIN28B expression in neuroblastoma via two parallel mechanisms: (1) indirectly through miR-26a-5p (MYCN suppresses miR-26a-5p which normally targets LIN28B 3'UTR, demonstrated by 3'UTR reporter screen and ChIP); (2) directly by interacting with the LIN28B promoter (demonstrated by ChIP). |
LIN28B-3'UTR reporter screen, ChIP (MYCN at LIN28B promoter and miR-26a-5p locus), miRNA overexpression, MYCN-inducible cell system |
Cancer letters |
Medium |
26123663
|
| 2015 |
MacroH2A1 suppresses LIN28B expression through macroH2A1-mediated reciprocal binding of p300 and EZH2/SUV39H1 at the LIN28B locus; macroH2A1 knockdown elevates LIN28B, which then inhibits mature let-7, promoting bladder cancer stem-like properties. |
MacroH2A1 knockdown, ChIP for p300/EZH2/SUV39H1 at LIN28B locus, LIN28B stable overexpression, let-7 quantification, tumorigenicity assays |
Oncogene |
Medium |
26028027
|
| 2018 |
MUC1-C promotes NF-κB p65 chromatin occupancy at the LIN28B first intron and activates LIN28B transcription; this suppresses let-7 and increases HMGA2, promoting EMT and self-renewal in NSCLC. |
MUC1-C dominant-negative mutant, peptide inhibitor, ChIP (NF-κB p65 at LIN28B intron 1), siRNA knockdown, self-renewal assays |
Molecular cancer research |
Medium |
25368430
|
| 2015 |
IKKβ enhances LIN28B expression through TCF7L2 (TCF4), which directly binds to intron 1 of the LIN28B gene; LIN28B in turn promotes TCF7L2 mRNA translation, forming a positive feedback loop that sustains cancer cell stemness and metastasis. |
Overexpression/knockdown of LIN28B and IKKβ, ChIP (TCF7L2 at LIN28B intron 1), mRNA translation assay, in vivo tumor/metastasis model, pharmacological IKKβ inhibition |
Cancer research |
Medium |
25744721
|
| 2016 |
Lin28b controls B cell positive selection by amplifying the CD19/PI3K/c-Myc positive feedback loop; ectopic Lin28b expression in adult mice restores both positive selection and mature B cell numbers in CD19-/- adult mice, demonstrating epistasis downstream of CD19. |
Transgenic Lin28b overexpression in adult mice, CD19 knockout genetic rescue, flow cytometric B cell development analysis, BCR signaling measurement |
Science immunology |
High |
31562190
|
| 2022 |
Sirt6 directly interacts with and deacetylates Lin28b; Sirt6 overexpression decreases Lin28b expression and suppresses vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis by negatively regulating the Lin28b/let-7 pathway in atherosclerosis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (Sirt6-Lin28b interaction), deacetylation assay, Sirt6 overexpression, Lin28b knockdown, pyroptosis assays (PI staining, GSDMD cleavage, LDH/IL-1β release), ApoE-/- HFD mouse model |
International immunopharmacology |
Medium |
35978508
|
| 2013 |
HBx activates Lin28A through Sp-1 binding element via direct protein-protein interaction with Sp-1 (demonstrated by co-IP, ChIP, EMSA); HBx activates Lin28B through c-Myc; Lin28A/B are required for HBx-enhanced proliferation of hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), siRNA knockdown, in vivo tumor model |
Oncogene |
Medium |
23318446
|
| 2020 |
LIN28B regulates the stability of EWS-FLI1 mRNA in a subset (~10%) of Ewing sarcomas; LIN28B depletion decreases EWS-FLI1 expression and its transcriptional network, abrogating self-renewal and tumorigenicity; pharmacological inhibition of LIN28B/let-7 binding mimics this effect. |
LIN28B knockdown, mRNA stability assay for EWS-FLI1, pharmacological LIN28B inhibition, self-renewal and tumorigenicity assays, CTC-derived cell line models |
Cell reports |
Medium |
32234488
|
| 2018 |
LIN28B-long isoform suppresses LET-7 and activates RAS/ERK signaling, whereas the LIN28B-short isoform binds pre-let-7 without inhibiting LET-7 maturation and competes with the long isoform for pre-let-7 binding, thereby acting as an antagonist to the long isoform's oncogenic functions. |
Isoform-specific expression in colorectal cancer cells, LET-7 quantification, RAS/ERK pathway assays, pre-let-7 binding competition assays, drug resistance assays |
Molecular cancer research |
Medium |
29330293
|
| 2022 |
ALDH2 directly binds to LIN28B, hindering LIN28B binding to ELK3 mRNA and suppressing ELK3 expression, thereby impairing endothelial barrier function; this ALDH2-LIN28B-ELK3 axis modulates early AAA progression. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (ALDH2-LIN28B), RNA immunoprecipitation (LIN28B-ELK3 mRNA), ALDH2 endothelial-specific KO, single-cell RNA sequencing, mRNA sequencing |
Advanced science |
Medium |
37822152
|
| 2022 |
Lin28b/let-7 axis controls developmental maturation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells; the Polycomb repressor complex 1 component Cbx2 is an effector downstream of Lin28b/let-7, regulating developmental timing of key hematopoietic transcription factor expression; juvenile Cbx2-/- hematopoietic tissues show precocious adult-like myeloid bias and impaired B-lymphopoiesis. |
Transcriptomic data mining, gene regulatory network reconstruction, Cbx2 knockout, hematopoietic lineage output analysis by flow cytometry |
Cell reports |
Medium |
35385744
|
| 2023 |
LIN28B directly binds and posttranscriptionally regulates CLDN1 (claudin 1) mRNA, demonstrated by RNA immunoprecipitation; LIN28B-mediated CLDN1 expression promotes collective invasion, cell migration, and metastatic liver tumor formation; NOTCH3 acts as a downstream effector of the LIN28B/CLDN1 axis. |
RNA immunoprecipitation (LIN28B-CLDN1 mRNA), LIN28B knockdown/overexpression, bulk RNA sequencing of metastatic tumors, murine metastatic CRC model, NOTCH3 genetic and pharmacological manipulation |
JCI insight |
Medium |
37318881
|