Affinage

POLE3

DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 3 · UniProt Q9NRF9

Round 2 corrected
Length
147 aa
Mass
16.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus 6 papers cited in narrative 6 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

POLE3 is a histone-fold protein that, together with its obligate partner POLE4, serves as a histone H3–H4 chaperone subcomplex within the DNA polymerase epsilon holoenzyme, promoting tetrasome formation and replication-coupled nucleosome assembly at the replication fork (PMID:30217558). Beyond its replicative role, POLE3 is a structural subunit of the CHRAC chromatin-remodeling complex (with ACF1 and SNF2H), which is required for heterochromatin replication in late S-phase and for DNA double-strand break repair via both NHEJ and HR (PMID:10880450, PMID:12434153, PMID:21172662), and is also a component of the ATAC acetyltransferase complex (PMID:18838386). In mice, Pole3 is dispensable for bulk DNA replication but is specifically required during T and B lymphocyte development, where its histone fold domain and acidic C-terminus are functionally critical for lymphocyte homeostasis (PMID:32553171).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 6 steps
  1. 2000 High

    Identification of POLE3 as a histone-fold subunit of the CHRAC chromatin-remodeling complex established that this small protein participates in chromatin architecture beyond its association with DNA polymerase epsilon.

    Evidence Biochemical purification of HuCHRAC and in vitro DNA-binding assays showing POLE3–POLE4 heterodimer binds naked DNA

    PMID:10880450

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the POLE3–POLE4 DNA-binding activity is functionally required within CHRAC was not resolved
    • No information on POLE3 function independent of the CHRAC complex
  2. 2002 High

    Demonstrating that the ACF1–ISWI/CHRAC complex is specifically needed for heterochromatin replication in late S-phase placed POLE3 in the context of replication through difficult chromatin templates.

    Evidence RNAi depletion of ACF1 combined with BrdU incorporation, cell-cycle analysis, and immunofluorescence in human cells

    PMID:12434153

    Open questions at the time
    • POLE3 was not individually depleted; phenotype attributed to the whole CHRAC/ACF complex
    • Mechanism by which CHRAC facilitates heterochromatin replication (remodeling vs. histone chaperoning) was unresolved
  3. 2008 High

    Finding POLE3 and POLE4 within the ATAC acetyltransferase complex expanded their functional repertoire to transcriptional regulation via histone acetylation.

    Evidence Biochemical purification of the human ATAC complex with mass spectrometry and reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation

    PMID:18838386

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional contribution of POLE3–POLE4 within the ATAC complex was not tested
    • Whether POLE3 participates in ATAC and Pol epsilon simultaneously or in mutually exclusive pools was unknown
  4. 2010 High

    Showing that the CHRAC complex rapidly accumulates at DNA double-strand breaks and is required for both NHEJ and HR revealed a DNA repair function for POLE3-containing chromatin remodeling machinery.

    Evidence Live-cell imaging of GFP-tagged subunits at laser-induced DSBs, co-immunoprecipitation with KU70, RNAi depletion combined with clonogenic survival and DSB repair reporter assays

    PMID:21172662

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct requirement for POLE3 specifically (as opposed to other CHRAC subunits) at DSBs was not isolated
    • Whether the histone-fold DNA-binding activity of POLE3–POLE4 contributes to CHRAC recruitment at DSBs was untested
  5. 2018 High

    Reconstituting POLE3–POLE4 as a bona fide H3–H4 histone chaperone that promotes tetrasome assembly resolved the long-standing question of how the Pol epsilon holoenzyme participates in replication-coupled nucleosome assembly.

    Evidence HDX-MS domain mapping, in vitro tetrasome and supercoiling assays, iPOND, flow cytometry, and proximity ligation assay in human cells

    PMID:30217558

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of H3–H4 recognition by the POLE3–POLE4 heterodimer at atomic resolution was not determined
    • Relative contributions of POLE3–POLE4 vs. other chaperones (e.g., CAF-1, ASF1) at the fork were not quantified
  6. 2020 High

    Mouse genetics demonstrated that POLE3 is dispensable for bulk DNA replication but essential for lymphocyte development, establishing a non-replicative, tissue-specific function mediated by its histone fold and acidic C-terminus.

    Evidence Pole3 knockout and charge-reversal allele series in mice with flow cytometric staging of T and B cell development

    PMID:32553171

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism linking POLE3 histone-fold and acidic tail to lymphocyte-specific chromatin regulation is unknown
    • Whether the lymphocyte phenotype reflects disrupted histone chaperoning, CHRAC function, ATAC activity, or a distinct interaction is unresolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • An atomic-resolution structure of POLE3–POLE4 bound to H3–H4 is lacking, and the mechanistic basis of the lymphocyte-specific requirement remains uncharacterized.
  • No high-resolution structure of the POLE3–POLE4–H3–H4 complex
  • Functional partitioning of POLE3 among Pol epsilon, CHRAC, and ATAC pools in vivo is undetermined
  • Molecular basis of the tissue-specific (lymphocyte) requirement for POLE3 is unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003677 DNA binding 1 GO:0042393 histone binding 1
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 2 GO:0005694 chromosome 2
Pathway
R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 2 R-HSA-69306 DNA Replication 2 R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 1
Partners
ACF1KU70POLE4SNF2H
Complex memberships
ATACCHRACDNA polymerase epsilon

Evidence

Reading pass · 6 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2000 POLE3 (CHRAC17) and POLE4 (CHRAC15) are two novel histone-fold proteins present in the human CHRAC (HuCHRAC) chromatin-remodeling complex alongside hACF1 and SNF2H (ISWI). The two histone-fold proteins form a stable sub-complex that binds naked DNA but not nucleosomes. Biochemical purification of HuCHRAC, identification of subunits, in vitro DNA-binding assays The EMBO journal High 10880450
2002 The ACF1-ISWI chromatin-remodeling complex (which contains POLE3/CHRAC17 and POLE4/CHRAC15 as subunits) is specifically required for DNA replication through pericentromeric heterochromatin; RNAi depletion of ACF1 impairs late-S-phase replication of heterochromatic regions. RNAi depletion, BrdU incorporation, cell-cycle analysis, immunofluorescence showing enrichment at replicating heterochromatin Nature genetics High 12434153
2008 POLE3 (CHRAC17) and POLE4 are components of the human ATAC acetyltransferase complex, associating with GCN5/PCAF acetyltransferases and other chromatin-regulatory factors, linking the POLE complex subunits to transcriptional regulation in addition to DNA replication. Biochemical purification of human ATAC complex followed by mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation The Journal of biological chemistry High 18838386
2010 The CHRAC complex (containing ACF1, SNF2H, CHRAC15/POLE4, and CHRAC17/POLE3) accumulates rapidly at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and is required for DSB repair via both NHEJ and HR. ACF1 interacts directly with KU70 and is required for KU70/80 accumulation at DSBs; depletion of ACF1 or SNF2H causes extreme sensitivity to DSB-inducing agents and failure to repair DSBs. Live-cell imaging of GFP-tagged subunits at laser-induced DSBs, co-immunoprecipitation, RNAi depletion, clonogenic survival, DSB repair reporter assays Molecular cell High 21172662
2018 The POLE3-POLE4 subcomplex of DNA polymerase epsilon selectively binds histones H3-H4 (not H2A-H2B) through defined minimal domains identified by hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. POLE3-POLE4 acts as a bona fide histone chaperone, promoting tetrasome formation and DNA supercoiling in vitro. In cells, POLE3-POLE4 associates with both newly synthesized and parental histones; its depletion impairs replication fork helicase unwinding, delays chromatin PCNA unloading, and disrupts coordinated parental histone retention and new histone deposition, demonstrating a role in replication-coupled nucleosome assembly. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, pulldown/co-IP mapping of interaction domains, in vitro tetrasome formation and DNA supercoiling assays, iPOND (isolation of proteins on nascent DNA), flow cytometry, proximity ligation assay Molecular cell High 30217558
2020 In mice, Pole3 is dispensable for bulk DNA replication (null mice survive to late embryonic stages) but is required in a stage-specific manner during T and B lymphocyte development. The histone fold domain of POLE3 mediates this lymphocyte-specific function. Progressive introduction of positively charged residues into the normally acidic C-terminus of POLE3 causes increasingly severe peripheral lymphopenia, revealing that the acidic C-terminus is functionally critical for lymphocyte homeostasis. Mouse knockout and hypomorphic/neomorphic allele generation, flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte development stages, domain-specific mutagenesis of the acidic C-terminus Cell reports High 32553171

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2006 Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell 2861 17081983
2005 Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. Nature 2090 16189514
2012 Insights into RNA biology from an atlas of mammalian mRNA-binding proteins. Cell 1718 22658674
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2015 A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. Cell 1015 26496610
2014 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. Cell 977 25416956
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
2003 Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nature genetics 754 14702039
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2012 A census of human soluble protein complexes. Cell 689 22939629
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2011 Global landscape of HIV-human protein complexes. Nature 593 22190034
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2022 OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular organization. Science (New York, N.Y.) 432 35271311
2005 Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. Genome research 409 16344560
2015 Panorama of ancient metazoan macromolecular complexes. Nature 407 26344197
2017 Synergistic drug combinations for cancer identified in a CRISPR screen for pairwise genetic interactions. Nature biotechnology 378 28319085
2012 A high-throughput approach for measuring temporal changes in the interactome. Nature methods 273 22863883
2002 An ACF1-ISWI chromatin-remodeling complex is required for DNA replication through heterochromatin. Nature genetics 250 12434153
1997 A sequential two-step mechanism for the production of the mature p17:p12 form of caspase-3 in vitro. The Journal of biological chemistry 214 9148968
2011 Next-generation sequencing to generate interactome datasets. Nature methods 200 21516116
2000 HuCHRAC, a human ISWI chromatin remodelling complex contains hACF1 and two novel histone-fold proteins. The EMBO journal 184 10880450
2008 Human ATAC Is a GCN5/PCAF-containing acetylase complex with a novel NC2-like histone fold module that interacts with the TATA-binding protein. The Journal of biological chemistry 176 18838386
2010 The ACF1 complex is required for DNA double-strand break repair in human cells. Molecular cell 170 21172662
2019 H4K20me0 recognition by BRCA1-BARD1 directs homologous recombination to sister chromatids. Nature cell biology 162 30804502
2020 Synthetic Lethal and Resistance Interactions with BET Bromodomain Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Molecular cell 159 32416067
2011 Interactions of pathological hallmark proteins: tubulin polymerization promoting protein/p25, beta-amyloid, and alpha-synuclein. The Journal of biological chemistry 131 21832049
1994 Structural similarity between the p17 matrix protein of HIV-1 and interferon-gamma. Nature 130 8065455
1989 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies which react with p17 core protein: characterization and epitope mapping. Journal of virology 115 2462060
2018 POLE3-POLE4 Is a Histone H3-H4 Chaperone that Maintains Chromatin Integrity during DNA Replication. Molecular cell 111 30217558
1991 Limiting dilution analysis of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to human immunodeficiency virus gag antigens in infected persons: in vitro quantitation of effector cell populations with p17 and p24 specificities. The Journal of experimental medicine 106 1744586
1987 Decline of antibody reactivity to outer viral core protein p17 is an earlier serological marker of disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus infection than anti-p24 decline. AIDS (London, England) 98 3126756
2020 Systematic mapping of genetic interactions for de novo fatty acid synthesis identifies C12orf49 as a regulator of lipid metabolism. Nature metabolism 92 32694731
2017 Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation regulates RECQL4 pathway choice and ubiquitination in DNA double-strand break repair. Nature communications 89 29229926
2004 DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature 86 15164053
2012 HIV-1 matrix protein p17 promotes angiogenesis via chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 81 22904195
1987 Human immunodeficiency virus contains an epitope immunoreactive with thymosin alpha 1 and the 30-amino acid synthetic p17 group-specific antigen peptide HGP-30. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 79 2437588
1997 Structure-function studies of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein, p17. Journal of virology 72 9094619
1990 HGP-30, a synthetic analogue of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p17, is a target for cytotoxic lymphocytes in HIV-infected individuals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 72 1698289
1992 Increased phosphorylation of a 17-kDa protein kinase C substrate (P17) in long-term potentiation. Journal of neurochemistry 68 1548487
2015 Role of HIV-1 matrix protein p17 variants in lymphoma pathogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 65 26578780
1998 Detection of a trimeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag intermediate is dependent on sequences in the matrix protein, p17. Journal of virology 65 9696871
2006 Functions of the HIV-1 matrix protein p17. The new microbiologica 62 16608119
2011 Opposite effects of HIV-1 p17 variants on PTEN activation and cell growth in B cells. PloS one 60 21423810
2010 African swine fever virus protein p17 is essential for the progression of viral membrane precursors toward icosahedral intermediates. Journal of virology 57 20504920
2005 Retardation of cell growth by avian reovirus p17 through the activation of p53 pathway. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 57 16143310
2012 Sequences within RNA coding for HIV-1 Gag p17 are efficiently targeted to exosomes. Cellular microbiology 52 23072732
2019 Mitochondrial protein import is regulated by p17/PERMIT to mediate lipid metabolism and cellular stress. Science advances 49 31535025
2008 HIV-1 matrix protein p17 induces human plasmacytoid dendritic cells to acquire a migratory immature cell phenotype. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 47 18310327
1993 Immunization of human HIV-seronegative volunteers with recombinant p17/p24:Ty virus-like particles elicits HIV-1 p24-specific cellular and humoral immune responses. AIDS (London, England) 45 8267904
1995 The affinity of IgG antibodies to gag p24 and p17 in HIV-1-infected patients correlates with disease progression. Clinical and experimental immunology 44 7851008
1991 Immunodiagnosis of feline immunodeficiency virus infection using recombinant viral p17 and p24. AIDS (London, England) 44 1667575
2020 African Swine Fever Virus Structural Protein p17 Inhibits Cell Proliferation through ER Stress-ROS Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest. Viruses 43 33374251
2004 Total chemical synthesis of N-myristoylated HIV-1 matrix protein p17: structural and mechanistic implications of p17 myristoylation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 43 15280532
1995 A molecular determinant of human immunodeficiency virus particle assembly located in matrix antigen p17. Journal of virology 43 7769715
2014 HIV-1 matrix protein p17 promotes lymphangiogenesis and activates the endothelin-1/endothelin B receptor axis. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 42 24482377
2007 HIV-1 matrix protein p17 binds to monocytes and selectively stimulates MCP-1 secretion: role of transcriptional factor AP-1. Cellular microbiology 42 18042260
2022 African Swine Fever Virus Structural Protein p17 Inhibits cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway Through Interacting With STING. Frontiers in immunology 40 35844609
1990 Analysis of the secondary structure of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteins p17, gp120, and gp41 by computer modeling based on neural network methods. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes 40 2187072
2010 HIV-1 matrix protein p17: a candidate antigen for therapeutic vaccines against AIDS. Pharmacology & therapeutics 38 20816696
1997 Inhibition of early and late events of the HIV-1 replication cycle by cytoplasmic Fab intrabodies against the matrix protein, p17. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 38 9085253
2016 Suppression of Vimentin Phosphorylation by the Avian Reovirus p17 through Inhibition of CDK1 and Plk1 Impacting the G2/M Phase of the Cell Cycle. PloS one 37 27603133
2004 Homozygous deficiency of heparin cofactor II: relevance of P17 glutamate residue in serpins, relationship with conformational diseases, and role in thrombosis. Circulation 36 15337701
2003 Cross-reactivity between HLA-A2-restricted FLU-M1:58-66 and HIV p17 GAG:77-85 epitopes in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. Journal of translational medicine 35 14527342
2015 A natural HIV p17 protein variant up-regulates the LMP-1 EBV oncoprotein and promotes the growth of EBV-infected B-lymphocytes: implications for EBV-driven lymphomagenesis in the HIV setting. International journal of cancer 34 25704763
2017 HIV-1 matrix protein p17 misfolding forms toxic amyloidogenic assemblies that induce neurocognitive disorders. Scientific reports 33 28871125
2016 Expression of HIV-1 matrix protein p17 and association with B-cell lymphoma in HIV-1 transgenic mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 32 27799525
2003 HIV-1 matrix protein p17 enhances the proliferative activity of natural killer cells and increases their ability to secrete proinflammatory cytokines. British journal of haematology 32 12542496
2013 Transforming growth factor-beta inhibition reduces progression of early choroidal neovascularization lesions in rats: P17 and P144 peptides. PloS one 30 23741494
2011 Fine epitope specificity of anti-erythropoietin antibodies reveals molecular mimicry with HIV-1 p17 protein: a pathogenetic mechanism for HIV-1-related anemia. The Journal of infectious diseases 29 21849287
2009 Identification and characterisation of the novel amyloid-beta peptide-induced protein p17. FEBS letters 29 19755123
2002 Long-term follow-up: no effect of therapeutic vaccination with HIV-1 p17/p24:Ty virus-like particles on HIV-1 disease progression. Vaccine 29 12009290
1990 Immune response and epitope mapping of a candidate HIV-1 p17 vaccine HGP30. Journal of clinical laboratory analysis 29 1690277
1988 Follow-up of subjects with isolated and persistent anti-core (anti-p24 or anti-p17) antibodies to HIV. AIDS (London, England) 29 2902864
2014 Synthetic HIV-1 matrix protein p17-based AT20-KLH therapeutic immunization in HIV-1-infected patients receiving antiretroviral treatment: A phase I safety and immunogenicity study. Vaccine 28 24456624
2012 Molecular interaction studies of HIV-1 matrix protein p17 and heparin: identification of the heparin-binding motif of p17 as a target for the development of multitarget antagonists. The Journal of biological chemistry 28 23166320
1996 Evidence for direct association of Vpr and matrix protein p17 within the HIV-1 virion. Virology 28 8659115
2006 Degeneracy and repertoire of the human HIV-1 Gag p17(77-85) CTL response. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 26 16709828
1998 HIV p17 enhances lymphocyte proliferation and HIV-1 replication after binding to a human serum factor. AIDS (London, England) 26 9517986
1991 Preclinical and clinical studies on immunogenicity and safety of the HIV-1 p17-based synthetic peptide AIDS vaccine--HGP-30-KLH. International journal of immunopharmacology 26 1823903
2019 Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1 and Lamin A/C Modulate Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of Avian Reovirus p17. Journal of virology 25 31375578
2005 The HIV-1 matrix protein p17 can be efficiently delivered by intranasal route in mice using the TLR 2/6 agonist MALP-2 as mucosal adjuvant. Vaccine 25 16713032
2003 Substance P(1-7) affects the expression of dopamine D2 receptor mRNA in male rat brain during morphine withdrawal. Peptides 25 12576096
1993 A 7-year analysis of anti-Gag (p17 and p24) antibodies in HIV-1-seropositive patients with haemophilia: immunoglobulin G titre and avidity are early predictors of clinical course. AIDS (London, England) 25 7909231
2018 Identification of amino acid residues critical for the B cell growth-promoting activity of HIV-1 matrix protein p17 variants. Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects 24 30248376
2008 Synthetic peptide AT20 coupled to KLH elicits antibodies against a conserved conformational epitope from a major functional area of the HIV-1 matrix protein p17. Vaccine 24 18602957
2004 Preclinical studies on immunogenicity of the HIV-1 p17-based synthetic peptide AT20-KLH. Biopolymers 24 15386266
2003 The p17 cleaved form of caspase-3 is present within viable macrophages in vitro and in atherosclerotic plaque. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 24 12763761
1998 cDNA encoding a single-chain antibody to HIV p17 with cytoplasmic or nuclear retention signals inhibits HIV-1 replication. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 24 9725267
1995 Substance P-(1-7) and substance P-(5-11) locally modulate dopamine release in rat striatum. European journal of pharmacology 24 7498281
1992 HIV-1 matrix protein p17 resides in cell nuclei in association with genomic RNA. AIDS research and human retroviruses 24 1457192
1990 Prevalence of antibodies to the core protein P17, a serological marker during HIV-1 infection. AIDS research and human retroviruses 24 1692727
2011 Transforming growth factor-β inhibition decreases diode laser-induced choroidal neovascularization development in rats: P17 and P144 peptides. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 23 21810978
2010 HIV-1 Gag p17 presented as virus-like particles on the E2 scaffold from Geobacillus stearothermophilus induces sustained humoral and cellular immune responses in the absence of IFNγ production by CD4+ T cells. Virology 23 20850858
2017 A single amino acid substitution confers B-cell clonogenic activity to the HIV-1 matrix protein p17. Scientific reports 22 28747658
2013 The protein p17 signaling pathways in cancer. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 22 23900679
1997 Gag-specific immune responses after immunization with p17/p24:Ty virus-like particles in HIV type 1-seropositive individuals. AIDS research and human retroviruses 22 9075480
1995 The genetic diversification of the HIV type 1 gag p17 gene in patients infected from a common source. AIDS research and human retroviruses 22 8573375
1992 Clonal analysis of murine B cell response to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1)-gag p17 and p25 antigens. Molecular immunology 22 1376412
2022 The Indirect ELISA and Monoclonal Antibody against African Swine Fever Virus p17 Revealed Efficient Detection and Application Prospects. Viruses 21 36680090
2016 Cellular aspartyl proteases promote the unconventional secretion of biologically active HIV-1 matrix protein p17. Scientific reports 21 27905556
2012 The HIV-1 major splice donor D1 is activated by splicing enhancer elements within the leader region and the p17-inhibitory sequence. Virology 21 22749061
1999 Characterization of mother-infant HIV type 1 gag p17 sequences associated with perinatal transmission. AIDS research and human retroviruses 21 10408724
1992 Specific antibody responses to synthetic peptides of HIV-1 p17 correlate with different stages of HIV-1 infection. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes 21 1372353
1992 A phase I study of HGP-30, a 30 amino acid subunit of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p17 synthetic peptide analogue sub-unit vaccine in seronegative subjects. AIDS research and human retroviruses 21 1466950
2021 P17 induces chemotaxis and differentiation of monocytes via MRGPRX2-mediated mast cell-line activation. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 20 34111449
2017 Role of Autophagy in HIV-1 Matrix Protein p17-Driven Lymphangiogenesis. Journal of virology 20 28592537
2005 Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of P10- and P17-encoding genes of avian reovirus. Avian diseases 20 15839410
1993 A longitudinal study of the IgG antibody response to HIV-1 p17 gag protein in HIV-1+ patients with haemophilia: titre and avidity. Clinical and experimental immunology 20 8370162
2023 African swine fever virus protein p17 promotes mitophagy by facilitating the interaction of SQSTM1 with TOMM70. Virulence 19 37442088
1996 Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p17 matrix protein motifs associated with mother-to-child transmission. Journal of virology 19 8676472
1991 p17 and p17-containing gag precursors of input human immunodeficiency virus are transported into the nuclei of infected cells. AIDS research and human retroviruses 19 2064827
2011 Platelet factor-4 and its p17-70 peptide inhibit myeloma proliferation and angiogenesis in vivo. BMC cancer 18 21693026
1996 Identification and characterization of Schistosoma mansoni p17.7, a cyclophilin. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 18 8919996
2022 p17-Modulated Hsp90/Cdc37 Complex Governs Oncolytic Avian Reovirus Replication by Chaperoning p17, Which Promotes Viral Protein Synthesis and Accumulation of Viral Proteins σC and σA in Viral Factories. Journal of virology 17 35107368
2016 HIV-1 Matrix Protein p17 and its Receptors. Current drug targets 17 26302809
2015 Angiogenic, lymphangiogenic and adipogenic effects of HIV-1 matrix protein p17. Pathogens and disease 17 26333571
2014 Lead discovery and in silico 3D structure modeling of tumorigenic FAM72A (p17). Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 17 25234718
1989 Interferon-gamma is associated with the surface of the human immunodeficiency virus and binds to the gag gene product p17. AIDS research and human retroviruses 17 2514776
2020 Encapsulating TGF-β1 Inhibitory Peptides P17 and P144 as a Promising Strategy to Facilitate Their Dissolution and to Improve Their Functionalization. Pharmaceutics 16 32370293
2020 B-cell clonogenic activity of HIV-1 p17 variants is driven by PAR1-mediated EGF transactivation. Cancer gene therapy 16 33093643
2019 Heparin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans promote HIV-1 p17 matrix protein oligomerization: computational, biochemical and biological implications. Scientific reports 16 31673058
2008 Solution X-ray scattering reveals a novel structure of calmodulin complexed with a binding domain peptide from the HIV-1 matrix protein p17. Biochemistry 16 18553937
2002 Flt3 ligand and conjugation to IL-1beta peptide as adjuvants for a type 1, T-cell response to an HIV p17 gag vaccine. Vaccine 16 12009292
2000 Cloning and characterization of the histone-fold proteins YBL1 and YCL1. Nucleic acids research 16 11000277
1998 Bacteriophage phi29 early protein p17 is conditionally required for the first rounds of viral DNA replication. Gene 16 9858710
2020 Lymphocyte-Specific Function of the DNA Polymerase Epsilon Subunit Pole3 Revealed by Neomorphic Alleles. Cell reports 15 32553171
2001 Induction of cross clade reactive specific antibodies in mice by conjugates of HGP-30 (peptide analog of HIV-1(SF2) p17) and peptide segments of human beta-2-microglobulin or MHC II beta chain. Vaccine 15 11535326
1990 Failure to detect evidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by polymerase chain reaction assay in blood donors with isolated core antibodies (anti-p24 or -p17) to HIV-1. Transfusion 15 2120806