Affinage

KIF22

Kinesin-like protein KIF22 · UniProt Q14807

Length
665 aa
Mass
73.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 23 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/9 claims corpus-supported (89%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

KIF22 (Kid/kinesin-10) is a monomeric, plus end-directed chromokinesin that generates the polar ejection force pushing chromosome arms away from spindle poles during prometaphase and metaphase (PMID:11564754, PMID:12606572). It combines an N-terminal microtubule-binding motor domain with a C-terminal DNA-binding domain bearing a nuclear localization signal, and a second, ATP-sensitive microtubule-binding site in the stalk that cross-links and bundles microtubules and contributes to spindle length maintenance (PMID:8599929, PMID:12692123, PMID:16176979). Targeting of KIF22 to mitotic chromosomes is achieved through the importin-alpha/beta transport pathway, with local Ran-GTP generation at chromosomes releasing importin-beta to permit chromosome accumulation while inhibiting microtubule binding away from chromatin (PMID:14600264, PMID:18268099). Its activity is gated by Cdk1/cyclin B phosphorylation of Thr463, which weakens stalk-microtubule affinity to permit chromosome loading; this phosphorylation switches polar ejection force ON during prometaphase/metaphase and is reversed at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition to switch the force OFF, while the coiled-coil and second microtubule-binding domain prevent re-congression of separated chromosomes (PMID:12727876, PMID:27550518). KIF22 contributes to chromosome congression via lateral attachments independently of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachment, and to anaphase chromosome compaction, with loss causing multinucleation and embryonic death in knockout mice (PMID:18329364, PMID:25743205). KIF22 abundance is controlled by ubiquitin-dependent degradation through APC/C(Cdh1) in late mitosis/G1 via a KEN motif and through SIAH-1 and Chfr E3 ligases (PMID:11146551, PMID:17726374, PMID:19321445). Spindle localization and chromosome oscillation are further governed by the partners CHICA and NuSAP, respectively (PMID:18485706, PMID:26839278). Dominant missense mutations in the motor domain (Pro148/Arg149 and the α2 helix) and tail cause the skeletal dysplasia lepto-SEMDJL by preventing KIF22 inactivation at anaphase onset rather than impairing early mitotic functions, disrupting chromosome segregation (PMID:22152677, PMID:22152678, PMID:35730929). Beyond mitosis, KIF22 interacts with the receptor CAR to modulate EGFR internalization and signaling in cancer cells (PMID:29382784).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 1996 High

    Established KIF22 as a kinesin with a dual architecture—a microtubule-binding motor domain and a DNA-binding domain—that localizes to mitotic chromosomes, defining it as a candidate motor for chromosome movement.

    Evidence Molecular cloning, microtubule-binding assay, and immunofluorescence

    PMID:8599929

    Open questions at the time
    • Directionality and force generation not yet determined
    • DNA-binding domain function in chromosome transport not tested
  2. 2000 Medium

    Identified SIAH-1 as an E3 ligase that targets KIF22 for proteasomal degradation during mitosis, opening the question of how KIF22 levels are temporally controlled.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, co-IP, and proteasome inhibitor experiments

    PMID:11146551

    Open questions at the time
    • Cell-cycle window of SIAH-1 action not precisely defined
    • Degron on KIF22 not mapped
  3. 2001 High

    Defined the cellular function of KIF22 as the source of polar ejection force, showing it drives chromosome oscillation and arm orientation without being essential for congression.

    Evidence Function-blocking antibody microinjection with live DIC imaging in vertebrate cells

    PMID:11564754

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of force generation not resolved
    • Did not establish motor velocity or processivity in vitro
  4. 2003 High

    Provided the biophysical and regulatory mechanism: KIF22 is a monomeric plus end-directed motor with a second microtubule-binding site, its microtubule affinity is gated by Cdk1 phosphorylation at Thr463, and its activity is spatially controlled by importin-beta/Ran.

    Evidence Optical-trap motility, sedimentation/ATPase/co-sedimentation assays, in vitro kinase mapping and mutagenesis, and importin-beta binding assays

    PMID:12606572 PMID:12692123 PMID:12727876 PMID:14600264

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphatase reversing Thr463 not identified
    • How the second site and motor coordinate during force generation unresolved
  5. 2003 Medium

    Placed KIF22 in a functional relationship with NuMA in spindle organization, showing it cooperates in chromosome alignment while HSET can substitute for spindle pole organization.

    Evidence Antibody microinjection epistasis with time-lapse imaging and chromosome velocity measurement

    PMID:12972545

    Open questions at the time
    • No direct physical interaction with NuMA demonstrated
    • Mechanism of cooperative alignment unclear
  6. 2005 High

    Extended KIF22 function beyond chromosome arms to spindle length maintenance via microtubule bundling, dissecting which domains are required for the phenotype.

    Evidence RNAi with spindle length measurement, in vitro bundling assay, and domain-deletion rescue

    PMID:16176979

    Open questions at the time
    • How bundling is regulated in cells not established
    • Relationship of coiled-coil bundling to motor activity unresolved
  7. 2007 Medium

    Showed KIF22 is a specific APC/C(Cdh1) substrate degraded via a KEN motif in late mitosis/G1, refining the cell-cycle logic of its turnover.

    Evidence Ubiquitin-mediated degradation assays and KEN-box identification with cell-cycle timing

    PMID:17726374

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of failed degradation not fully defined
    • Relationship to SIAH-1 pathway not integrated
  8. 2008 High

    Established the in vivo requirement for KIF22 in anaphase chromosome compaction and development, with chromosome-targeting governed by importin-alpha/beta and local Ran-GTP, and spindle localization governed by the partner CHICA.

    Evidence Knockout mice and cultured cells, EM and live imaging; NLS-mutant transport assays; CHICA co-IP and reciprocal depletion

    PMID:18268099 PMID:18329364 PMID:18485706

    Open questions at the time
    • How CHICA bridges KIF22 to the spindle structurally unknown
    • Mechanism of chromosome-mass compaction not molecularly defined
  9. 2009 Medium

    Added Chfr as an additional E3 ligase ubiquitylating KIF22, linking its downregulation to chromosome stability during the early mitotic checkpoint.

    Evidence Co-IP, ubiquitylation assay, and siRNA with chromosome-stability readout

    PMID:19321445

    Open questions at the time
    • Redundancy among SIAH-1, APC/C, and Chfr not resolved
    • Checkpoint trigger for Chfr targeting unclear
  10. 2014 Medium

    Uncovered a non-canonical role in which KIF22 transcriptionally regulates CDC25C to control CDK1 activity and mitotic exit timing.

    Evidence siRNA, flow cytometry, ChIP/reporter assay, and CDK1 activity assay

    PMID:24626146

    Open questions at the time
    • How a motor protein acts on transcription mechanistically unexplained
    • Generality across cell types not tested
  11. 2015 Medium

    Defined a specific contribution of KIF22 to lateral-attachment-based chromosome congression independent of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachment.

    Evidence siRNA co-depletion with Hec1, live imaging, and attachment analysis

    PMID:25743205

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of lateral congression contribution not detailed
    • Quantitative force contribution unmeasured
  12. 2016 High

    Resolved the temporal switch logic: Thr463 phosphorylation turns polar ejection force ON in prometaphase/metaphase and its dephosphorylation turns it OFF at anaphase, with NuSAP regulating the oscillation, defining how the force is timed and modulated.

    Evidence Phospho-mimetic/null Thr463 mutants in Kid-deficient cells with domain deletions and live imaging; NuSAP depletion with 3D oscillation imaging and epistasis

    PMID:26839278 PMID:27550518

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphatase executing anaphase Thr463 dephosphorylation not identified
    • Mechanism of NuSAP–KIF22 cooperation unresolved
  13. 2018 Medium

    Extended KIF22 function to interphase signaling, showing it interacts with CAR and regulates EGFR internalization and signaling to promote cancer cell proliferation.

    Evidence Co-IP, siRNA, EGFR internalization assay, and live imaging of receptor dynamics

    PMID:29382784

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether motor activity is required for receptor regulation unclear
    • Direct vs indirect CAR interaction not fully resolved
  14. 2022 High

    Established the disease mechanism of lepto-SEMDJL: pathogenic motor-domain and tail mutations do not impair early mitosis but prevent KIF22 inactivation at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, disrupting segregation, with phospho-mimicry phenocopying the defect.

    Evidence Patient-variant and phospho-mimetic expression with live imaging, nuclear morphology and cytokinesis assays; earlier exome sequencing and segregation across families

    PMID:22152677 PMID:22152678 PMID:35730929

    Open questions at the time
    • Tissue specificity of skeletal phenotype not explained
    • Structural basis of failed inactivation not solved
  15. 2022 Low

    Implicated GBP2 as a KIF22 partner acting through a KIF22/EGFR axis in glioma proliferation and migration.

    Evidence Co-IP, knockdown/overexpression, and proliferation/migration assays in vitro and in vivo

    PMID:35436989

    Open questions at the time
    • Single Co-IP without reciprocal validation of direct binding
    • Mechanistic link to EGFR signaling not dissected

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The phosphatase that dephosphorylates Thr463 to switch off polar ejection force at anaphase, and the structural basis by which disease mutations block this inactivation, remain unidentified.
  • No anaphase Thr463 phosphatase identified
  • No high-resolution structure of KIF22 motor/tail in active vs inactive states
  • Integration of multiple E3 ligase pathways not resolved

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003774 cytoskeletal motor activity 3 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 3 GO:0003677 DNA binding 2 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 1 GO:0140657 ATP-dependent activity 1
Localization
GO:0005694 chromosome 3 GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 3 GO:0005634 nucleus 2 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 4 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 2 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 1
Partners
CHFRCHICACXADREGFRGBP2KPNB1NUSAP1SIAH1

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1996 KIF22 (Kid) is a kinesin family protein with an N-terminal microtubule-binding motor domain and a C-terminal DNA-binding domain containing a putative nuclear localization signal; it colocalizes with mitotic chromosomes and is enriched at the kinetochore at anaphase, suggesting a role in chromosomal movement along microtubules during mitosis. Molecular cloning, nucleotide sequencing, microtubule-binding assay, indirect immunofluorescence The EMBO journal High 8599929
2001 KIF22 (Kid) generates the polar ejection force that pushes chromosome arms away from spindle poles in vertebrate cells; loss of Kid function via antibody microinjection abolishes chromosome oscillation and causes atypical chromosome arm orientation toward spindle poles, but does not prevent chromosome congression in the majority of cells. Antibody microinjection, time-lapse differential interference contrast microscopy The Journal of cell biology High 11564754
2000 SIAH-1 E3 ubiquitin ligase interacts with KIF22 (Kid) and mediates its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway during mitosis; this interaction requires the N-terminal RING finger domain of SIAH-1. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, proteasome inhibitor experiments Oncogene Medium 11146551
2003 KIF22 (Kid) is a plus end-directed microtubule motor with an average velocity of ~160 nm/s, demonstrated by optical trapping microscopy using bacterially expressed truncated Kid fragments (amino acids 1-388 or 1-439); no processive movement was detected. Optical trapping microscopy, in vitro motility assay with recombinant protein The EMBO journal High 12606572
2003 Cdc2 (CDK1)-cyclin B phosphorylates KIF22 (Kid) at Thr463 during M phase; this phosphorylation reduces Kid's affinity for microtubules by weakening stalk-region microtubule interaction, ensuring reversible spindle association and allowing Kid to bind chromosomes and generate polar ejection force. A T463A mutation causes Kid to remain on spindles and fail to localize to chromosomes. M phase-specific phosphorylation site mapping, in vitro kinase assay, site-directed mutagenesis, live-cell localization of mutant constructs The EMBO journal High 12727876
2003 KIF22 (Kid) is monomeric (confirmed in both mammalian and E. coli expression systems) and possesses a second microtubule-binding site outside the motor domain that cross-links microtubules in an ATP-sensitive manner and enhances microtubule affinity without affecting motor velocity. Sedimentation equilibrium, microtubule co-sedimentation, ATPase assay, in vitro motility assay with deletion constructs The Journal of biological chemistry High 12692123
2003 Ran GTPase modulates Kid activity through importin-beta: binding of nuclear transport receptors to Kid's N-terminal microtubule-binding domain inhibits its microtubule-binding activity but not its DNA-binding activity; RanGTP releases importin-beta, restoring microtubule binding. Domain mapping of nuclear targeting sequences, in vitro binding assay with importin-beta and Kid fragments Journal of cell science Medium 14600264
2003 Kid and NuMA have a functional relationship: simultaneous perturbation of Kid and NuMA leads to short bipolar spindles with organized poles (contrasting with splayed poles from NuMA perturbation alone), and chromosomes fail to align efficiently despite normal kinetochore-microtubule interactions and chromosome velocities; HSET is sufficient for spindle organization in the absence of both Kid and NuMA. Antibody microinjection epistasis, time-lapse microscopy, chromosome velocity measurement Molecular biology of the cell Medium 12972545
2005 KIF22 (Kid) is required for proper metaphase spindle length maintenance; RNAi depletion of Kid in HeLa cells causes a ~20% reduction in spindle pole-to-pole distance and less robust spindle microtubule bundles, in addition to chromosome arm misalignment. Kid exhibits microtubule bundling activity in vitro, and the shortened spindle phenotype requires neither the DNA-binding domain nor ATPase activity but does require a coiled-coil domain. RNA interference, spindle length measurement, in vitro microtubule bundling assay, rescue experiments with domain deletion mutants Molecular biology of the cell High 16176979
2007 KIF22 (Kid) is degraded specifically by the APC/C(Cdh1) ubiquitin ligase complex (not by APC/C(Cdc20)) in late mitosis/G1, via a KENxP motif; this degradation is not required for mitotic progression but likely contributes to KIF22 inactivation in G1. Ubiquitin-mediated degradation assays, identification of KEN box motif, cell cycle timing experiments Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Medium 17726374
2008 KIF22 (Kid) localizes to the boundaries of anaphase and telophase chromosomes and contributes to shortening of the anaphase chromosome mass along the spindle axis; loss of Kid causes failure of chromosome compaction, leading to multinucleated cell formation, particularly during oocyte meiosis II and the first mitotic divisions of the embryo, resulting in embryonic death. Kid knockout mice, cultured cells lacking Kid expression, live-cell imaging, electron microscopy Cell High 18329364
2008 CHICA (a novel spindle protein) co-immunoprecipitates with KIF22 (Kid) and is required for Kid's localization to the mitotic spindle without affecting its chromosome association; CHICA-depleted cells phenocopy Kid depletion with shorter spindles and chromosome congression failure. Co-immunoprecipitation, RNAi depletion, immunofluorescence localization, monopolar spindle assay Current biology : CB High 18485706
2008 KIF22 (hKid) is an import cargo of the importin-alpha/beta transport pathway; importin-alpha/beta association with hKid is required for its initial targeting to mitotic chromosomes, and local Ran-GTP generation at chromosomes promotes importin-beta-mediated cargo release and hKid accumulation on chromosomes. Loss of functional NLSs reduces hKid chromosome association. NLS mapping by mutagenesis, digitonin-permeabilized cell transport assay, Ran-GDP/GTP manipulation, live-cell imaging of NLS mutants The Journal of cell biology High 18268099
2009 Chfr E3 ubiquitin ligase interacts with KIF22 (Kif22) and ubiquitylates it; Chfr-mediated Kif22 downregulation is required for maintenance of chromosome stability during the early mitotic checkpoint response. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitylation assay, siRNA knockdown with chromosome stability readout The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 19321445
2011 Dominant missense mutations in KIF22 affecting Pro148 and Arg149 in the motor domain (ATP-binding region) cause spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity (lepto-SEMDJL), an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia; in silico analysis indicates these residues maintain hydrogen bonds in the ATP-binding and motor domains. Whole-exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, co-segregation analysis, in silico structural analysis American journal of human genetics Medium 22152677 22152678
2014 Inhibition of KIF22 delays mitotic exit by upregulating CDC25C expression at the transcriptional level; phosphorylation of KIF22 is required for its transcriptional regulatory function and for reduction of CDK1 activity. KIF22 knockdown increases CDC25C expression and CDK1 activity, resulting in G2/M accumulation. siRNA knockdown, flow cytometry, ChIP/reporter assay to identify CDC25C as direct transcriptional target, CDK1 activity assay Carcinogenesis Medium 24626146
2015 KIF22 (Kid) contributes to chromosome congression independently of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachment: in cells depleted of Hec1 (essential for end-on attachment), co-depletion of Kid further perturbs the partial transient chromosome congression, demonstrating Kid's role in lateral-attachment-based congression. siRNA co-depletion, live-cell imaging, kinetochore-microtubule attachment analysis Nature communications Medium 25743205
2016 Cdk1-mediated phosphorylation of KIF22 Thr463 is required to generate polar ejection force (PEF-ON mode) during prometaphase/metaphase; dephosphorylation of Thr463 at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition turns off polar ejection force (PEF-OFF mode). The coiled-coil domain, together with the second microtubule-binding domain, is required to prevent re-congression of separated chromosomes during anaphase. Expression of phospho-mimetic and phospho-null Thr463 Kid mutants in Kid-deficient cells, live-cell imaging, rescue experiments with domain deletion mutants Journal of cell science High 27550518
2016 NuSAP microtubule-associated protein regulates the polar ejection force generated by KIF22 (Kid); NuSAP depletion suppresses amplitude and velocity of chromosome oscillation, and epistasis experiments in monopolar and bipolar spindles reveal NuSAP acts upstream of or in concert with Kid to generate the polar ejection force. NuSAP depletion, 3D time-lapse live-cell imaging of chromosome oscillation, monopolar spindle assay, double depletion epistasis Nature communications Medium 26839278
2018 KIF22 interacts with the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) following EGF stimulation; KIF22-dependent regulation of microtubule dynamics leads to delayed EGFR internalization and enhanced EGFR signaling, coordinating CAR dynamics at cell-cell junctions to promote cancer cell proliferation. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA depletion, EGFR internalization assay, live-cell imaging of receptor dynamics Science signaling Medium 29382784
2022 Pathogenic KIF22 mutations (in the α2 helix of the motor domain and in the tail) do not impair early mitotic functions (chromosome congression/alignment) but instead prevent KIF22 inactivation at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, resulting in disrupted anaphase chromosome segregation, abnormal daughter cell nuclear morphology, reduced proliferation, and cytokinesis failure. Constitutive activation via phospho-mimicry at the tail (known phosphoregulatory site) phenocopies pathogenic mutations. Phospho-mimicry at α2 helix residue T158 also prevents KIF22 anaphase inactivation. Patient variant identification, expression of disease-causing and phospho-mimetic mutants, live-cell imaging of chromosome dynamics, nuclear morphology quantification, cytokinesis assay eLife High 35730929
2022 GBP2 directly interacts with KIF22 and regulates glioma cell proliferation and migration through a KIF22/EGFR signaling axis; depletion of GBP2 impairs KIF22-mediated EGFR signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA/overexpression, in vitro and in vivo proliferation/migration assays Cell death discovery Low 35436989

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2010 Disease-associated functions of IL-33: the new kid in the IL-1 family. Nature reviews. Immunology 825 20081870
2001 The chromokinesin Kid is necessary for chromosome arm orientation and oscillation, but not congression, on mitotic spindles. The Journal of cell biology 166 11564754
1998 An exposed KID-like domain in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax is responsible for the recruitment of coactivators CBP/p300. Molecular and cellular biology 160 9710589
1996 Kid, a novel kinesin-like DNA binding protein, is localized to chromosomes and the mitotic spindle. The EMBO journal 127 8599929
1993 Kid-1, a putative renal transcription factor: regulation during ontogeny and in response to ischemia and toxic injury. Molecular and cellular biology 100 8382778
2011 INPP4B: the new kid on the PI3K block. Oncotarget 95 21487159
2003 Ran modulates spindle assembly by regulating a subset of TPX2 and Kid activities including Aurora A activation. Journal of cell science 94 14600264
1987 Keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness (KID) syndrome. Vertical transmission and death from multiple squamous cell carcinomas. Archives of dermatology 92 3579358
2002 HID and KID syndromes are associated with the same connexin 26 mutation. The British journal of dermatology 90 12072059
2009 Atomistic details of the disordered states of KID and pKID. Implications in coupled binding and folding. Journal of the American Chemical Society 88 19278259
1998 KID-1, a protein kinase induced by depolarization in brain. The Journal of biological chemistry 85 9632723
2008 Kid-mediated chromosome compaction ensures proper nuclear envelope formation. Cell 84 18329364
2004 Genetic heterogeneity of KID syndrome: identification of a Cx30 gene (GJB6) mutation in a patient with KID syndrome and congenital atrichia. The Journal of investigative dermatology 84 15140211
2000 SIAH-1 interacts with alpha-tubulin and degrades the kinesin Kid by the proteasome pathway during mitosis. Oncogene 75 11146551
2002 Structural and functional analysis of the kid toxin protein from E. coli plasmid R1. Structure (London, England : 1993) 72 12377128
1995 Kid, a small protein of the parD stability system of plasmid R1, is an inhibitor of DNA replication acting at the initiation of DNA synthesis. Journal of molecular biology 72 7723014
2004 The new kid on the block(ade) of the IGF-1 receptor. Cancer cell 70 15050909
2014 Filifactor alocis: The Newly Discovered Kid on the Block with Special Talents. Journal of dental research 67 24898946
2011 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine: a new kid on the epigenetic block? Molecular systems biology 63 22186736
2003 Construction of an rtTA2(s)-m2/tts(kid)-based transcription regulatory switch that displays no basal activity, good inducibility, and high responsiveness to doxycycline in mice and non-human primates. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 63 12597916
1991 The kis and kid genes of the parD maintenance system of plasmid R1 form an operon that is autoregulated at the level of transcription by the co-ordinated action of the Kis and Kid proteins. Molecular microbiology 63 1779758
2005 The chromokinesin Kid is required for maintenance of proper metaphase spindle size. Molecular biology of the cell 62 16176979
2004 Urotensin II: the old kid in town. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM 60 15109617
2003 The human chromokinesin Kid is a plus end-directed microtubule-based motor. The EMBO journal 60 12606572
2003 Regulatable killing of eukaryotic cells by the prokaryotic proteins Kid and Kis. The EMBO journal 58 12514130
1969 Partial purification of native rRNA and tRNA cistrons from mycoplasma sp. (Kid). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 58 5260931
2007 Interactions of Kid-Kis toxin-antitoxin complexes with the parD operator-promoter region of plasmid R1 are piloted by the Kis antitoxin and tuned by the stoichiometry of Kid-Kis oligomers. Nucleic acids research 55 17317682
2003 Cdc2-mediated phosphorylation of Kid controls its distribution to spindle and chromosomes. The EMBO journal 54 12727876
2005 Ocular manifestations of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome. Ophthalmology 53 15691545
2011 Whole-exome sequencing identifies mutations of KIF22 in spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity, leptodactylic type. American journal of human genetics 50 22152677
2008 The spindle protein CHICA mediates localization of the chromokinesin Kid to the mitotic spindle. Current biology : CB 47 18485706
2009 Molecular dynamics simulation of phosphorylated KID post-translational modification. PloS one 46 19654879
2015 Chromokinesin Kid and kinetochore kinesin CENP-E differentially support chromosome congression without end-on attachment to microtubules. Nature communications 45 25743205
1990 Keratitis, ichthyosis and deafness (KID)-syndrome: report of three cases and a review of the literature. The British journal of dermatology 45 2191710
2008 Importin-beta and the small guanosine triphosphatase Ran mediate chromosome loading of the human chromokinesin Kid. The Journal of cell biology 44 18268099
2003 A functional relationship between NuMA and kid is involved in both spindle organization and chromosome alignment in vertebrate cells. Molecular biology of the cell 44 12972545
2016 CRISPR-Cas9, the new kid on the block of fungal molecular biology. Medical mycology 43 27811178
2010 T-type calcium channels and vascular function: the new kid on the block? The Journal of physiology 43 21173074
2014 Inhibition of KIF22 suppresses cancer cell proliferation by delaying mitotic exit through upregulating CDC25C expression. Carcinogenesis 42 24626146
2005 Model for RNA binding and the catalytic site of the RNase Kid of the bacterial parD toxin-antitoxin system. Journal of molecular biology 42 16413033
2007 Evaluation of targeted drenching using Famacha method in Creole goat: reduction of anthelmintic use, and effects on kid production and pasture contamination. Veterinary parasitology 41 17367935
2006 Lp-PLA2: a new kid on the block. Clinical chemistry 41 16873290
2005 Kid cleaves specific mRNAs at UUACU sites to rescue the copy number of plasmid R1. The EMBO journal 39 16163387
2010 A novel mutation in the connexin 26 gene (GJB2) in a child with clinical and histological features of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome. Clinical and experimental dermatology 36 20846357
2016 IFN-λ cancer immunotherapy: new kid on the block. Immunotherapy 35 27381684
2021 IL-36 cytokines in inflammatory and malignant diseases: not the new kid on the block anymore. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 34 34365521
2018 KIF22 coordinates CAR and EGFR dynamics to promote cancer cell proliferation. Science signaling 33 29382784
2013 Transglutaminase is a therapeutic target for oxidative stress, excitotoxicity and stroke: a new epigenetic kid on the CNS block. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 33 23571278
2013 Genetic determinants of susceptibility to Mycobacterial infections: IRF8, a new kid on the block. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 32 23468103
2021 A New Kid on the Block: Sacituzumab Govitecan for the Treatment of Breast Cancer and Other Solid Tumors. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 30 34885875
2007 Structure and function of bacterial kid-kis and related toxin-antitoxin systems. Protein and peptide letters 30 17305597
2003 The second microtubule-binding site of monomeric kid enhances the microtubule affinity. The Journal of biological chemistry 30 12692123
2021 The New Kid on the Block: HLA-C, a Key Regulator of Natural Killer Cells in Viral Immunity. Cells 29 34831331
2011 Recurrent dominant mutations affecting two adjacent residues in the motor domain of the monomeric kinesin KIF22 result in skeletal dysplasia and joint laxity. American journal of human genetics 29 22152678
2010 Imprinting of RB1 (the new kid on the block). Briefings in functional genomics 29 20551090
2016 NuSAP governs chromosome oscillation by facilitating the Kid-generated polar ejection force. Nature communications 28 26839278
2014 Interleukin-15: new kid on the block for antitumor combination therapy. Cytokine & growth factor reviews 28 25306466
2022 Intensive compared with less intensive blood pressure control to prevent adverse cardiac remodelling in children with chronic kidney disease (HOT-KID): a parallel-group, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial. The Lancet. Child & adolescent health 27 36442482
2009 Functional interaction between Chfr and Kif22 controls genomic stability. The Journal of biological chemistry 27 19321445
2021 Telomerase in Brain: The New Kid on the Block and Its Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomedicines 26 33946850
2020 PARP Inhibitors in Biliary Tract Cancer: A New Kid on the Block? Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) 26 32878011
2007 Interactions between the toxin Kid of the bacterial parD system and the antitoxins Kis and MazE. Proteins 26 17206710
2005 Effects of diet and live weight at slaughter on kid meat quality. Meat science 26 22063294
2018 Analysis of the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome to Study the Effect of an Antimethanogenic Treatment Applied in Early Life of Kid Goats. Frontiers in microbiology 25 30356690
2004 Two patients with severe corneal disease in KID syndrome. American journal of ophthalmology 25 14700667
2022 GBP2 facilitates the progression of glioma via regulation of KIF22/EGFR signaling. Cell death discovery 24 35436989
2018 The New Kid on the Block: A Specialized Secretion System during Bacterial Sporulation. Trends in microbiology 24 29475625
2015 Altered epidermal lipid processing and calcium distribution in the KID syndrome mouse model Cx26S17F. FEBS letters 24 26070424
2003 A novel protein from Brassica napus has a putative KID domain and responds to low temperature. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 24 12631331
2003 FTY720: A new kid on the block for transplant immunosuppression. Expert opinion on biological therapy 24 12831371
1991 Generation and characterization of the murine monoclonal antibody M-KID 2 to VLA-3 integrin. Hybridoma 24 1816072
2020 New kid on the block: lipid droplets in the nucleus. The FEBS journal 22 32243071
2014 Treatment of keratitis-ichthyosis- deafness (KID) syndrome in children: a case report and review of the literature. Dermatologic therapy 22 25546246
2005 KID Syndrome: report of a Scandinavian patient with connexin-26 gene mutation. Acta dermato-venereologica 22 15823911
2023 A new kid in the folding funnel: Molecular chaperone activities of the BRICHOS domain. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 21 37096906
2007 Human Kid is degraded by the APC/C(Cdh1) but not by the APC/C(Cdc20). Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 21 17726374
1994 Genomic structure and chromosomal location of the rat gene encoding the zinc finger transcription factor Kid-1. Genomics 21 8020966
2022 D-dopachrome tautomerase in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases-A new kid on the block or just another MIF? FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 20 36269019
2016 Drosophila Homolog of Human KIF22 at the Autism-Linked 16p11.2 Loci Influences Synaptic Connectivity at Larval Neuromuscular Junctions. Experimental neurobiology 20 26924931
2016 Phosphoinositide 3-kinase: a new kid on the block in vascular anomalies. The Journal of pathology 20 27577520
2010 Distinct expression patterns of the E3 ligase SIAH-1 and its partner Kid/KIF22 in normal tissues and in the breast tumoral processes. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 20 20144232
2020 Positioning ustekinumab in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: new kid on the block. Expert opinion on biological therapy 19 32027523
2012 Use of spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus indica f. inermis) for dairy goats and growing kids: impacts on milk production, kid's growth, and meat quality. TheScientificWorldJournal 19 22536135
1999 Expression of the transcriptional repressor protein Kid-1 leads to the disintegration of the nucleolus. The Journal of biological chemistry 19 10075651
2020 Effect of KIF22 on promoting proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells via MAPK-ERK pathways. Chinese medical journal 18 32187050
2004 Kinetic study of phosphorylation-dependent complex formation between the kinase-inducible domain (KID) of CREB and the KIX domain of CBP on a quartz crystal microbalance. Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 18 15515068
2018 Roles of aberrant hemichannel activities due to mutant connexin26 in the pathogenesis of KID syndrome. Scientific reports 17 30150638
2009 Cardiac calsequestrin: the new kid on the block in arrhythmias. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 17 19563351
1997 The Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-zinc finger protein Kid-1 and the Wilms' tumor protein WT1, two transcriptional repressor proteins, bind to heteroduplex DNA. The Journal of biological chemistry 17 9346939
2023 TP53 in AML and MDS: The new (old) kid on the block. Blood reviews 16 36841672
2016 The microtubule-binding and coiled-coil domains of Kid are required to turn off the polar ejection force at anaphase. Journal of cell science 16 27550518
2022 Pathogenic mutations in the chromokinesin KIF22 disrupt anaphase chromosome segregation. eLife 15 35730929
2021 The new kid on the block: a dominant-negative mutation of phototropin1 enhances carotenoid content in tomato fruits. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 15 33608974
2021 The HIV-1 Antisense Gene ASP: The New Kid on the Block. Vaccines 15 34067514
2019 NTRK-Fusions - A new kid on the block. Pathology, research and practice 15 31400924
2016 Altered cellular localization and hemichannel activities of KID syndrome associated connexin26 I30N and D50Y mutations. BMC cell biology 15 26831144
2003 Non-cytotoxic variants of the Kid protein that retain their auto-regulatory activity. Plasmid 15 12932738
1998 Kid-1 expression is high in differentiated renal proximal tubule cells and suppressed in cyst epithelia. The American journal of physiology 15 9843910
2016 Unclassified renal cell carcinoma with tubulopapillary architecture, clear cell phenotype, and chromosome 8 monosomy: a new kid on the block. Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 14 27173781
2023 Is Your Kid Actin Out? A Series of Six Patients With Inherited Actin-Related Protein 2/3 Complex Subunit 1B Deficiency and Review of the Literature. The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice 13 36708766

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