Affinage

ZEB2

Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 · UniProt O60315

Length
1214 aa
Mass
136.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-11
100 papers in source corpus 34 papers cited in narrative 34 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: tie faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ZEB2 (ZFHX1B/SIP1) is a two-handed zinc finger transcriptional regulator that functions as a master switch for cell-fate decisions across development, hematopoiesis, and disease by binding E-box and bipartite CACCT promoter sequences and engaging chromatin-modifying co-repressors (PMID:18182442, PMID:30445998, PMID:23376074). Its repressive activity is executed through an N-terminal NuRD-interacting motif that recruits the NuRD co-repressor complex and the histone deacetylases HDAC1/2; Mowat-Wilson syndrome patient mutations in this motif abolish NuRD recruitment and transcriptional repression, directly linking the biochemical mechanism to human disease (PMID:18182442, PMID:27294509). ZEB2 also stabilizes long-term target silencing through DNA hypermethylation and SIRT1-dependent histone deacetylation at loci such as RAB25 (PMID:30445998), and partners with additional chromatin enzymes including KDM1A/LSD1 in T-ALL (PMID:28069602). Through these mechanisms ZEB2 controls a canonical epithelial-to-mesenchymal program—repressing E-cadherin and P-cadherin while activating mesenchymal and invasion genes (ETS1, cadherin-11, ACSL4)—and drives cell-fate transitions in neural development, Schwann cell myelination, and smooth muscle phenotypic switching (PMID:27294512, PMID:30790340, PMID:34990206, PMID:23376074). In the hematopoietic and immune system, lineage-specific enhancers (a -165 kb HSC enhancer and a +164 kb embryonic enhancer) restrict where ZEB2 is expressed, and ZEB2 governs specification of dendritic cells, monocytes, age-associated B cells, and the immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophage program (PMID:35732734, PMID:38271512, PMID:34004142, PMID:40215981). ZEB2 expression itself is tightly controlled post-transcriptionally by the miR-200 and miR-30a families and transcriptionally by HIF-1α, PAX6, and NFIL3/C/EBP inputs (PMID:17585049, PMID:35732734, PMID:29666469, PMID:30238984).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 19 steps
  1. 2006 Medium

    Established that ZEB2 is an effector linking hypoxia/VHL loss to EMT, positioning it transcriptionally downstream of HIF-1 in epithelial repression.

    Evidence VHL re-expression, dominant-negative HIF-1α, and HIF-1α shRNA with ZEB2 mRNA and E-cadherin readouts in renal carcinoma

    PMID:16510593

    Open questions at the time
    • mRNA-level readout only, no direct HIF binding at ZEB2 promoter shown here
    • indirect induction mechanism not resolved
  2. 2007 High

    Identified the miR-200 family (miR-200b) as a direct post-transcriptional brake on ZEB2, defining the reciprocal miR-200/ZEB2 regulatory node controlling E-cadherin.

    Evidence 3'-UTR reporter assays plus endogenous protein measurement after miR-200b manipulation and E-cadherin promoter reporter

    PMID:17585049

    Open questions at the time
    • in vivo physiological relevance of brain co-expression not functionally tested
    • feedback loop completeness not addressed
  3. 2007 High

    Demonstrated ZEB2 directly represses Sfrp1 in vivo to permit hippocampal formation, providing the first direct target-promoter occupancy in a developmental context.

    Evidence Cortex-specific conditional KO with ChIP at Sfrp1 promoter and JNK signaling analysis

    PMID:17644613

    Open questions at the time
    • co-repressor complex at Sfrp1 not defined
    • whether other Wnt antagonists are co-regulated unknown
  4. 2008 High

    Defined the molecular basis of ZEB2 repression by mapping an N-terminal NuRD-interacting motif and showing a Mowat-Wilson mutation abolishes NuRD recruitment, connecting biochemistry to disease.

    Evidence Mass spectrometry of affinity-purified complexes, Co-IP, promoter reporters, and Xenopus neural induction with disease-variant rescue

    PMID:18182442

    Open questions at the time
    • full NuRD subunit composition on endogenous ZEB2 targets not enumerated
    • structural detail of motif-NuRD contact unresolved
  5. 2010 Medium

    Showed ZEB2 cooperates genetically with Sox10 in enteric nervous system development, establishing combinatorial transcription-factor balance in neural crest derivatives.

    Evidence Sox10;Zfhx1b double-mutant phenotype with proliferation/differentiation assays

    PMID:20206619

    Open questions at the time
    • direct physical or transcriptional interaction between the two factors not shown
    • shared target genes unidentified
  6. 2013 Medium

    Refined the dual repressor/activator logic of ZEB2: it represses E-cadherin and P-cadherin while activating cadherin-11 and ETS1 via Sp1 cooperation and E-box binding, and competes with KLF4 at the E-cadherin promoter.

    Evidence ChIP, reporter assays with promoter deletions, Sp1/KLF4 co-expression and knockdown, inducible ZEB2 systems, invasion assays

    PMID:23376074 PMID:24130169 PMID:30790340

    Open questions at the time
    • mechanism switching ZEB2 between activation and repression not defined
    • whether Sp1 cooperation generalizes to other targets unknown
  7. 2013 Medium

    Placed ZEB2 in developmental epistasis cascades, showing it acts downstream of Dlx1&2 to repress Nkx2-1 and specify cortical versus striatal interneuron fate, and is required for ESC developmental progression.

    Evidence Conditional MGE knockout with genetic epistasis; Zeb2 KO ESCs with temporal RNA-seq, RRBS, and Tet1 rescue

    PMID:23312518 PMID:27739137

    Open questions at the time
    • direct ZEB2 occupancy at Nkx2-1 not demonstrated
    • mechanism of Tet1 upregulation upon ZEB2 loss unresolved
  8. 2016 High

    Established ZEB2 as essential for Schwann cell differentiation and myelination, mechanistically through HDAC1/2-NuRD recruitment and repression of lineage-inhibitory targets (Hey2, Sox2, Ednrb).

    Evidence Two concurrent conditional Schwann cell knockouts with EM, transcriptome profiling, reciprocal Co-IP, and disease-variant complementation

    PMID:27294509 PMID:27294512

    Open questions at the time
    • temporal order of target derepression not fully mapped
    • remyelination signaling inputs upstream of ZEB2 unknown
  9. 2016 Medium

    Defined ZEB2 as a regulator of adult hematopoietic differentiation acting through JAK-STAT/ERK signaling and M-CSF receptor expression in monocyte progenitors.

    Evidence Conditional bone marrow knockout with flow cytometry, global expression, and intracellular signaling analysis

    PMID:27683414

    Open questions at the time
    • direct targets driving signaling changes not pinpointed
    • lineage-specific enhancer control not yet identified at this stage
  10. 2017 Medium

    Expanded ZEB2's co-repressor repertoire by identifying KDM1A/LSD1 as a partner whose demethylase activity is required for survival of ZEB2-high T-ALL, and showed ZEB2 can directly bind a viral (HBV core) promoter.

    Evidence Co-IP, pharmacological KDM1A inhibition, conditional gain-of-function mouse model; HBV promoter binding with mutagenesis

    PMID:26895378 PMID:28069602

    Open questions at the time
    • genome-wide ZEB2-KDM1A co-occupancy not mapped
    • structural basis of ZEB2-KDM1A interaction unknown
  11. 2018 Medium

    Demonstrated multiple upstream regulators converge on ZEB2: HIF-1α directly binds an HRE in the ZEB2 promoter (and induces ZEB2-NAT to boost translation), HIF-1α→ZEB2 represses ephrinB2, and p53 restrains ZEB2 via miR-30a.

    Evidence ChIP for HIF-1α at ZEB2 HRE, ZEB2-NAT detection, promoter binding at ephrinB2, p53 ChIP at MIR30A with miR-30a 3'-UTR reporters, functional assays

    PMID:27470974 PMID:29666469 PMID:30238984

    Open questions at the time
    • interplay between transcriptional and post-transcriptional control not integrated
    • single-lab validation of each axis
  12. 2018 Medium

    Showed ZEB2 controls midbrain dopaminergic neurogenesis and migration through a Zeb2-miR-200c feedback loop regulating CXCR4, NR4A2, and PITX3.

    Evidence In vivo Zeb2 overexpression and miR-200c knockdown in embryonic midbrain with marker analysis

    PMID:30271956

    Open questions at the time
    • direct versus indirect regulation of mDA markers not distinguished
    • co-repressor involvement not addressed
  13. 2018 Medium

    Resolved how ZEB2 imposes durable silencing, showing it represses RAB25 via E-box binding coupled to DNMT-dependent DNA hypermethylation and SIRT1-dependent histone deacetylation, without direct ZEB2-SIRT1/DNMT contact.

    Evidence Conditional ZEB2 expression, ChIP, bisulfite sequencing, histone ChIP, SIRT1/DNMT inhibition

    PMID:30445998

    Open questions at the time
    • how ZEB2 recruits methylation machinery indirectly is unknown
    • generality of this silencing mode to other targets untested
  14. 2019 Medium

    Defined ZEB2 as a hub in dendritic cell lineage circuits, acting in an Nfil3→Zeb2→Id2 pathway that excludes pDC potential and controls cDC1 commitment, and identified PAX6 as a direct transcriptional activator of ZEB2 driving EMT.

    Evidence scRNA-seq of CDPs with genetic epistasis across multiple KO models; PAX6 ChIP at ZEB2 promoter with PI3K/AKT inhibition

    PMID:31024010 PMID:31406377

    Open questions at the time
    • direct ZEB2 targets in DC commitment beyond Id2 not enumerated
    • context-specificity of PAX6 regulation unclear
  15. 2021 High

    Established enhancer-level control of ZEB2 lineage specificity: a -165 kb enhancer drives ZEB2 in HSC-derived lineages (pDC, monocyte, B cell) while a +164 kb enhancer controls embryonic lineages, and ZEB2 acts in cardiomyocytes to promote angiogenesis via paracrine TMSB4/PTMA.

    Evidence ChIP-seq/ATAC-seq with germline enhancer deletion and flow cytometry; cardiomyocyte-specific KO/OE with scRNA-seq and post-MI phenotyping

    PMID:33398012 PMID:34004142

    Open questions at the time
    • transcription factors binding the enhancers not fully defined at this stage
    • mechanism linking ZEB2 to TMSB4/PTMA induction not detailed
  16. 2022 High

    Pinpointed combinatorial enhancer logic (NFIL3-C/EBP at the -165 kb enhancer) controlling ZEB2 in myeloid DC development, and established ZEB2 as the causal CAD GWAS gene driving SMC phenotypic transition via chromatin remodeling of Notch and TGF-β programs.

    Evidence CUT&RUN/ChIP-seq with in vivo CRISPR enhancer mutagenesis; CRISPR genome/epigenome editing with scATAC-seq/scRNA-seq and SMC-specific KO

    PMID:34990206 PMID:35732734

    Open questions at the time
    • direct ZEB2 chromatin targets mediating SMC transition not fully enumerated
    • how enhancer choice integrates with co-repressor recruitment unknown
  17. 2023 Medium

    Extended ZEB2's chromatin-repressor mechanism to vascular and metabolic biology: ZEB2-HDAC1-NuRD represses CTH to limit H2S/PDI S-sulfhydration in endothelium, and a ZEB2-ACSL4 positive feedback loop (ZEB2 activates ACSL4; ACSL4 stabilizes ZEB2 by reducing ubiquitination) promotes lipid metabolism and metastasis.

    Evidence Co-IP/MS, CUT&RUN, EC-specific HDAC1 KO, S-sulfhydration proteomics; ChIP, Co-IP, ubiquitination and in vivo metastasis assays

    PMID:36951067 PMID:38078907

    Open questions at the time
    • E3 ligase counteracted by ACSL4 not identified
    • whether ACSL4 stabilization generalizes across tissues unknown
  18. 2024 High

    Established ZEB2 as a required factor for age-associated B cell differentiation, repressing a Mef2b enhancer to suppress germinal center fate while activating Itgax, with human Mowat-Wilson patient validation linking the mechanism to human immunity.

    Evidence CRISPR screen, conditional B cell KO, chromatin binding at the Mef2b +20-kb enhancer, JAK inhibitor treatment, and ZEB2-haploinsufficient patient analysis

    PMID:38271512

    Open questions at the time
    • co-repressor complex at the Mef2b enhancer not defined
    • interplay with JAK-STAT signaling mechanistically unresolved
  19. 2025 High

    Defined ZEB2 as the master regulator of the immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophage program, whose ablation reprograms TAM chromatin/RNA/protein, derepresses type-I interferon and antigen presentation, and enables tumor clearance.

    Evidence Human tumor scRNA-seq integrated with CRISPR screen, generative perturbation modeling, genetic ablation, in vivo targeting, ATAC-seq and proteomics

    PMID:40215981

    Open questions at the time
    • direct ZEB2 target genes enforcing the suppressive program not fully cataloged
    • co-repressor dependency in TAMs not dissected

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • It remains unresolved how ZEB2 selects between transcriptional activation and repression at different loci, and how its choice of co-repressor (NuRD/HDAC, KDM1A) and indirect epigenetic machinery (DNMT, SIRT1) is directed in a cell-type-specific manner.
  • no structural model of ZEB2-DNA or ZEB2-co-repressor complexes in the corpus
  • rules governing activator versus repressor mode unknown
  • context-dependent enhancer-to-target wiring not unified

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 5 GO:0003677 DNA binding 3 GO:0140097 catalytic activity, acting on DNA 1
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 3
Pathway
R-HSA-168256 Immune System 6 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 5 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 5 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 5
Partners
ACSL4HDAC1HDAC2KDM1AKLF4SP1
Complex memberships
NuRD complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 34 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2008 ZEB2/ZFHX1B associates with the NuRD corepressor complex through its N-terminal domain (which contains a NuRD-interacting motif). A Mowat-Wilson syndrome patient missense mutation substituting this motif abolishes NuRD subunit recruitment and reduces transcriptional repression of the XBMP4 promoter. The NuRD component Mi-2β participates in repression of the ZEB2 target gene E-cadherin and in ZEB2-induced neural induction in Xenopus embryos. Mass spectrometry of affinity-purified Zfhx1b complexes; Co-IP; functional reporter assays on XBMP4 promoter; Xenopus animal cap neural induction assay Human molecular genetics High 18182442
2016 Zeb2 recruits histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2 and the NuRD co-repressor complex to control the onset of Schwann cell differentiation. Deletion of Zeb2 arrests Schwann cells in an undifferentiated state. A Mowat-Wilson syndrome-associated ZEB2 variant disrupts interaction with HDAC1/2-NuRD and abolishes Zeb2 activity for SC differentiation. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis identified Hey2 (a Notch effector) as a direct Zeb2 target gene that acts as a potent inhibitor of SC differentiation. Conditional Zeb2 knockout in mice; Co-IP of HDAC1/2-NuRD; genome-wide transcriptome analysis; disease-variant functional complementation Nature neuroscience High 27294509
2016 Zeb2 is essential for Schwann cell differentiation and myelination; mice lacking Zeb2 in Schwann cells develop severe peripheral neuropathy due to failure of axonal sorting and absence of myelin. Zeb2-deficient Schwann cells continuously express repressors of lineage progression, and Sox2 and Ednrb emerge as direct Zeb2 target genes. In adult mice, Zeb2 deletion causes Schwann cell dedifferentiation after nerve injury and impairs remyelination. Conditional Zeb2 knockout in Schwann cells; histological and electron microscopy analysis; target gene identification by transcriptome profiling Nature neuroscience High 27294512
2007 miR-200b post-transcriptionally represses ZFHX1B (ZEB2) via multiple binding sites in its 3'-UTR. Overexpression of miR-200b reduces endogenous ZFHX1B protein and represses E-cadherin promoter activity; inhibition of miR-200b relieves ZFHX1B repression. ZEB2 and miR-200b are regionally co-expressed in adult mouse brain. 3'-UTR reporter assays; endogenous protein measurement after miR-200b overexpression or inhibition; E-cadherin promoter reporter assay RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 17585049
2007 Sip1/Zfhx1b (ZEB2) is required for hippocampal formation in mice. Cortex-specific Zfhx1b inactivation causes lack of hippocampal formation, associated with ectopic activation of the Wnt antagonist Sfrp1. Sip1 protein binds the Sfrp1 gene promoter (ChIP), and the two genes show mutually exclusive expression, indicating Sip1 directly represses Sfrp1 to modulate non-canonical Wnt (JNK) signaling in the hippocampus. Conditional Zfhx1b knockout in cortical precursors; ChIP for Sip1 at Sfrp1 promoter; in situ hybridization; JNK activity assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 17644613
2006 HIF-1 indirectly represses E-cadherin in VHL-null renal clear cell carcinoma by inducing expression of the transcriptional repressors TCF3, ZFHX1A, and ZFHX1B (ZEB2). Enforced expression of VHL, dominant-negative HIF-1α, or HIF-1α shRNA restores E-cadherin expression, confirming the VHL→HIF-1→ZEB2→E-cadherin pathway in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Enforced VHL re-expression; dominant-negative HIF-1α expression; shRNA knockdown of HIF-1α; RT-PCR for ZEB2 mRNA; E-cadherin functional rescue Cancer research Medium 16510593
2013 ZEB2 directly induces cadherin-11 transcription by cooperating with the transcription factor Sp1 in an Sp1-dependent but Smad- and E-box-independent manner, while repressing E-cadherin in an Sp1- and Smad-independent manner. ZEB2 also upregulates Sp1 by enhancing Sp1 protein stability. Cadherin-11 and integrin α5 (previously shown as direct ZEB2 targets via Sp1 cooperation) modulate JNK signaling and invasion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation; luciferase promoter reporter assays; Sp1 co-expression/knockdown experiments; protein stability assays; transwell invasion assays Carcinogenesis Medium 24130169
2013 ZEB2 directly binds to the promoter of ETS1 (at E-box sequences), transcriptionally activating ETS1 expression. ETS1 in turn maintains ZEB2-induced EMT by sustaining expression of TWIST and MMP9. ZEB2 thus acts as an upstream activator of ETS1 to drive invasion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation; luciferase reporter assays; ZEB2 inducible expression systems; ZEB2 shRNA knockdown; ETS1 knockdown in ZEB2-expressing cells Molecular carcinogenesis Medium 30790340
2017 ZEB2 directly inhibits HBV replication by binding to the HBV core promoter and repressing its transcriptional activity. Mutation of the ZEB2 binding site in the HBV core promoter abolishes ZEB2-mediated inhibition of HBV replication. ZEB2 overexpression reduces HBV DNA replicative intermediates, 3.5 kb mRNA, core protein, HBsAg, and HBeAg secretion. Promoter-binding assay; site-directed mutagenesis of ZEB2 binding site; ZEB2 overexpression and knockdown; HBV replication intermediates and antigen secretion measurement Oncotarget Medium 26895378
2018 ZEB2 stably represses RAB25 by binding to E-box sequences on the RAB25 promoter. This repression involves local DNA hypermethylation (requiring DNMTs) and histone deacetylation at H3K9 depending on SIRT1 activity. However, SIRT1 and DNMTs do not interact directly with ZEB2; SIRT1 maintains long-term repression stability but is not required for initial ZEB2-mediated repression. Conditional ZEB2 expression system; ChIP for ZEB2 at RAB25 promoter; bisulfite sequencing for DNA methylation; histone modification ChIP; SIRT1 and DNMT inhibitor experiments Epigenetics & chromatin Medium 30445998
2017 KDM1A (LSD1) is a novel interaction partner of ZEB2, identified in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mouse and human T-ALLs with elevated ZEB2 levels critically depend on KDM1A demethylase activity for survival, establishing a functional ZEB2-KDM1A complex. Co-immunoprecipitation identifying ZEB2-KDM1A interaction; pharmacological KDM1A inhibition in ZEB2-overexpressing T-ALL cells; conditional gain-of-function mouse model Blood Medium 28069602
2023 In endothelial cells, ZEB2 recruits the HDAC1-NuRD complex to transcriptionally repress CTH (encoding cystathionine γ-lyase/CSE), thereby reducing H2S production and PDI S-sulfhydration. EC-specific HDAC1 deletion increased PDI S-sulfhydration and alleviated aortic aneurysm and dissection progression, confirming the ZEB2-HDAC1-NuRD→CTH repression axis. Co-immunoprecipitation with mass spectrometry; CUT&RUN; EC-specific HDAC1 knockout mice; S-sulfhydration proteomics; ZEB2 target gene (CTH) promoter analysis Circulation Medium 36951067
2019 PAX6 directly binds the promoter region of ZEB2 to transcriptionally upregulate ZEB2 expression. ZEB2 knockdown significantly reduced PAX6 expression and function, suggesting reciprocal regulation. PAX6-driven ZEB2 induction mediates E-cadherin downregulation through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, promoting EMT and cisplatin resistance in NSCLC. RT2 Profiler PCR Array; ChIP demonstrating PAX6 binding at ZEB2 promoter; ZEB2 siRNA knockdown; PI3K/AKT inhibitor (LY294002) experiments Cell death & disease Medium 31024010
2021 In cardiomyocytes after ischemic injury, ZEB2 drives expression of Thymosin β4 (TMSB4) and Prothymosin α (PTMA) as paracrine factors that stimulate endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. Cardiomyocyte-specific ZEB2 deletion impairs cardiac contractility and infarct healing post-MI, while cardiomyocyte-specific ZEB2 overexpression improves cardiomyocyte survival and cardiac function. Cardiomyocyte-specific Zeb2 conditional KO and OE in mice; single-cell RNA sequencing; identification of TMSB4 and PTMA as ZEB2-regulated paracrine factors; therapeutic ZEB2 delivery in infarcted heart Nature communications Medium 33398012
2013 Zfhx1b (ZEB2) acts downstream of Dlx1&2 to generate cortical interneurons that express Cxcr7, MafB, and cMaf in the medial ganglionic eminence. In its absence, Nkx2-1 expression is not repressed and cells that would become cortical interneurons transform toward GABAergic striatal interneurons, establishing genetic epistasis: Dlx1&2 → Zeb2 → repression of Nkx2-1 → cortical vs. striatal interneuron fate. Conditional Zeb2 knockout in MGE; genetic epistasis analysis with Dlx1&2 mutants; in situ hybridization and immunostaining for lineage markers Neuron Medium 23312518
2019 An Nfil3→Zeb2→Id2 genetic pathway controls cDC1 development. Nfil3 expression is required for the transition from Zeb2-high/Id2-low CDPs to Zeb2-low/Id2-high CDPs, which represent the earliest committed cDC1 progenitors. This circuit blocks E-protein activity to exclude pDC potential and explains the switch in Irf8 enhancer usage. Single-cell RNA sequencing of CDPs; genetic epistasis analysis (Nfil3, Id2, Zeb2 conditional KO mice); scRNA-seq-based progenitor characterization Nature immunology Medium 31406377
2022 NFIL3 binds the -165 kb Zeb2 enhancer at three sites that also bind C/EBPα and C/EBPβ; C/EBPs support and NFIL3 represses Zeb2 expression at these sites. Triple CRISPR mutation of all three NFIL3-C/EBP sites ablates Zeb2 expression in myeloid (but not lymphoid) progenitors, causing complete loss of pre-cDC2 specification and mature cDC2 development in vivo. CUT&RUN; ChIP-seq; CRISPR-Cas9 in vivo enhancer mutagenesis; NFIL3 reporter mice; flow cytometric analysis of DC progenitors Nature High 35732734
2022 CRISPR-Cas9 genome and epigenome editing identified ZEB2 as the causal gene at the 2q22.3 CAD GWAS locus. The GWAS signals lie within smooth muscle cell long-distance enhancers for ZEB2. ZEB2 regulates SMC phenotypic transition through chromatin remodeling that disrupts Notch and TGF-β signaling, altering the epigenetic trajectory of SMC transitions. SMC-specific Zeb2 loss prevents transitioning SMCs from turning off contractile programming while accelerating chondromyocyte formation. CRISPR-Cas9 genome and epigenome editing; single-cell ATAC-seq and scRNA-seq in murine models and human coronary artery SMCs; SMC-specific Zeb2 conditional KO Circulation High 34990206
2010 Sox10 and Zfhx1b (ZEB2) genetically interact during enteric nervous system development. Sox10;Zfhx1b double mutants show more severe ENS defects (decreased proliferation of enteric progenitors, increased neuronal differentiation from E11.5) than either single mutant, demonstrating that balanced coordination between these two transcription factors is required for normal ENS development. Sox10;Zfhx1b double-mutant mouse phenotype analysis; cell proliferation and differentiation assays in ENS progenitors Developmental biology Medium 20206619
2018 p53 binds the MIR30A promoter and induces transcription of miR-30a-5p and miR-30a-3p, both of which target ZEB2. p53 thus restrains ZEB2 expression via miR-30a, defining a p53/miR-30a/ZEB2 axis that controls tumor cell invasion and EMT. In silico target prediction; ChIP for p53 at MIR30A promoter; luciferase reporter assays for miR-30a targeting of ZEB2 3'-UTR; functional invasion and migration assays Cell death and differentiation Medium 29666469
2018 In Schwann cells (zebrafish), HIF-1α induces ZEB2, which directly downregulates ephrinB2 through binding to the ephrinB2 promoter to enhance tumor invasiveness. Disrupting ZEB2 activity blocks this mechanism and resensitizes tumors to anti-angiogenic treatment. HIF-1α overexpression; ZEB2 overexpression and disruption; ChIP/promoter-binding assay for ZEB2 at ephrinB2 promoter; invasion assays; glioma mouse models Nature communications Medium 27470974
2024 ZEB2 is required for age-associated B cell (ABC) differentiation in humans and mice. ZEB2 binds to the +20-kb intronic enhancer of Mef2b, repressing MEF2B-mediated germinal center B cell differentiation and promoting ABC formation. ZEB2 also directly targets genes important for ABC specification including Itgax. ZEB2-driven ABC differentiation requires JAK-STAT signaling. CRISPR-based screen; in vitro ABC differentiation; ZEB2 conditional KO in B cells; ChIP/binding assay at Mef2b enhancer; JAK1/3 inhibitor treatment; analysis of ZEB2 haploinsufficient (Mowat-Wilson) human patients Science (New York, N.Y.) High 38271512
2021 A -165 kb Zeb2 enhancer containing E-box motifs is active in hematopoietic lineages and controls Zeb2 expression specifically in HSC-derived (but not embryonic) lineages. Germline deletion of this 400-bp region prevents Zeb2 expression in HSC-derived lineages, ablating pDC, monocyte, and B cell development, while leaving embryonically-derived macrophages intact. A second +164-kb enhancer controls Zeb2 in embryonically-derived lineages. ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq; germline deletion of 400-bp enhancer region; single-cell chromatin profiling; flow cytometric analysis of hematopoietic compartments Immunity High 34004142
2018 HIF-1α directly binds to the hypoxia response element in the ZEB2 promoter to induce ZEB2 expression in podocytes. HIF-1α also induces ZEB2-natural antisense transcript (ZEB2-NAT), which enhances ZEB2 translation efficiency. ZEB2 induction causes loss of E-cadherin and P-cadherin, and ZEB2 knockdown abrogates hypoxia-induced podocyte permselectivity defects. ChIP for HIF-1α at ZEB2 promoter HRE; ZEB2-NAT detection; ZEB2 siRNA knockdown; in vivo rat hypoxia model with podocyte foot-process analysis Journal of cellular physiology Medium 30238984
2013 The transcriptional repressor Ski modulates the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype through suppression of Zeb2, which in turn de-represses Meox2 expression. Zeb2 expression increases during fibroblast-to-myofibroblast phenoconversion while Meox2 decreases; Ski overexpression reduces Zeb2 and partially restores Meox2. Meox2 DNA-binding activity is required for its effect on myofibroblast phenotype reversal. Ski and Meox2 overexpression in cardiac myofibroblasts; Meox2 DNA-binding mutant; Zeb2 expression measurement during phenoconversion; in vivo infarct scar analysis Journal of cell science Medium 24155330
2023 ZEB2 directly binds the ACSL4 promoter to activate ACSL4 expression. ACSL4 in turn binds ZEB2 protein and stabilizes it by reducing ZEB2 ubiquitination, forming a positive feedback loop. ZEB2-ACSL4 signaling promotes lipid droplet accumulation, fatty acid oxidation via CPT1A upregulation, and breast cancer metastasis. ChIP for ZEB2 at ACSL4 promoter; Co-IP for ACSL4-ZEB2 interaction; ubiquitination assay; lipid droplet quantification; in vivo metastasis assay with ACSL4 KD eLife Medium 38078907
2016 ZEB2 regulates adult hematopoietic differentiation; genetic inactivation of Zeb2 in the bone marrow increases stem and progenitor frequencies and causes differentiation defects in multiple lineages. Global gene expression and intracellular signaling analyses reveal that Zeb2 loss perturbs JAK-STAT and ERK signaling pathways. Zeb2 is required for M-CSF receptor expression in bone marrow monocyte progenitors. Conditional Zeb2 knockout; flow cytometry; global gene expression analysis; intracellular signaling (JAK-STAT, ERK) analysis; M-CSF receptor expression measurement Blood Medium 27683414
2013 Zeb2 acts as a transcriptional repressor associated with developmental progression in mouse ESCs. In the absence of Zeb2, cells stall in an early epiblast-like state and are impaired in both neural and mesendodermal differentiation. Zeb2 KO leads to elevated Tet1 levels (with Tet1-binding sites correlating with loss of DNA methylation), and knockdown of Tet1 partially rescues the impaired differentiation of Zeb2-null cells. Zeb2 KO mouse ESCs; embryoid body neural and general differentiation; temporal RNA-seq; reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS); Tet1 knockdown rescue Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) Medium 27739137
2020 Zeb2 is expressed in injured astrocytes and conditional knockout of Zeb2 in astrocytes attenuates astrogliosis, generates larger lesions, and delays recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury or transient ischemic stroke in mice. Zeb2 and the long non-coding RNA Zeb2os (which facilitates ZEB2 protein translation) are upregulated as part of an EMT-like gene expression program in reactive astrocytes. Conditional Zeb2 KO in astrocytes; contusive spinal cord injury and transient ischemic stroke mouse models; motor function behavioral readouts; Zeb2os characterization Cell reports Medium 32610135
2018 A Zeb2-miR-200c negative feedback loop controls midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neuron neurogenesis and migration. Zeb2 is expressed in progenitor cells in the ventricular zone and downregulated in postmitotic neuroblasts. Zeb2 overexpression in the embryonic ventral midbrain reduces CXCR4, NR4A2, and PITX3 levels, causing migration and mDA differentiation defects that are recapitulated by miR-200c knockdown. In vivo Zeb2 overexpression in embryonic midbrain; miR-200c knockdown; in situ hybridization; immunostaining for mDA markers; quantification of progenitor/neuroblast balance Communications biology Medium 30271956
2017 In the chick embryo, Zeb2 directly represses P-cadherin transcription in the neural plate (as Snail2 does in the primitive streak), contributing to cadherin switch and delamination of mesendodermal precursors at gastrulation. In situ hybridization and immunostaining in chick embryos; genetic manipulation of Snail2 and Zeb2 expression; P-cadherin promoter analysis Development (Cambridge, England) Low 28087626
2023 Zeb2 is essential for FOXD1+ kidney stromal progenitor cell fate. Conditional Zeb2 knockout in FOXD1+ stromal progenitors causes abnormal interstitial stromal cell development and differentiation into myofibroblasts, associated with increased SMAD1/5/8, SMAD2/3, SMAD4, and AXIN2 activation, leading to kidney fibrosis. Conditional Zeb2 KO in FOXD1+ progenitors; immunofluorescence staining for stromal markers; collagen deposition analysis; SMAD pathway activation measurement JCI insight Medium 36445780
2025 ZEB2 is the master regulator of the tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) transcriptional program. Genetic ablation of ZEB2 in TAMs reprograms their chromatin, RNA, and protein profiles, suppressing immune-suppressive programs while derepressing type-I interferon response and antigen presentation. In vivo Zeb2 targeting reprograms TAMs, mobilizes systemic T cell responses, and achieves tumor clearance. Human tumor scRNA-seq integrated with CRISPR screen; deep generative model perturbation network; ZEB2 genetic ablation in macrophages; in vivo targeting; ATAC-seq and proteomic profiling Cancer cell High 40215981
2013 In the E-cadherin promoter, ZEB2 and KLF4 compete for overlapping binding sites. The ZEB2 bipartite binding site (-28 to -10 region) overlaps with a KLF4 binding site required for E-cadherin promoter activation. Deleting the ZEB2 bipartite binding site increases KLF4-induced E-cadherin promoter activity; ZEB2 expression levels inversely correlate with KLF4 occupancy at the E-cadherin promoter. ChIP for KLF4 at E-cadherin promoter; luciferase reporter assay with promoter deletions; ZEB2 inducible expression system (doxycycline-inducible A431/HA.ZEB2 cells) Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 23376074

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2006 Hypoxia-inducible factor-1-dependent repression of E-cadherin in von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor-null renal cell carcinoma mediated by TCF3, ZFHX1A, and ZFHX1B. Cancer research 357 16510593
2012 ZEB2 mediates multiple pathways regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in glioma. PloS one 154 22761708
2012 MicroRNA-200b regulates cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by directly targeting ZEB2 in gastric carcinoma. Annals of surgical oncology 151 22311119
2007 miR-200b mediates post-transcriptional repression of ZFHX1B. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 150 17585049
2013 Dlx1&2-dependent expression of Zfhx1b (Sip1, Zeb2) regulates the fate switch between cortical and striatal interneurons. Neuron 133 23312518
2018 ZEB1, ZEB2, and the miR-200 family form a counterregulatory network to regulate CD8+ T cell fates. The Journal of experimental medicine 130 29449309
2024 The transcription factor ZEB2 drives the formation of age-associated B cells. Science (New York, N.Y.) 129 38271512
2016 Zeb2 is essential for Schwann cell differentiation, myelination and nerve repair. Nature neuroscience 124 27294512
2016 Zeb2 recruits HDAC-NuRD to inhibit Notch and controls Schwann cell differentiation and remyelination. Nature neuroscience 116 27294509
2007 ZFHX1B mutations in patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Human mutation 110 17203459
2019 An Nfil3-Zeb2-Id2 pathway imposes Irf8 enhancer switching during cDC1 development. Nature immunology 97 31406377
2015 Zeb2: A multifunctional regulator of nervous system development. Progress in neurobiology 97 26193487
2022 Ablation of cDC2 development by triple mutations within the Zeb2 enhancer. Nature 96 35732734
2019 The PAX6-ZEB2 axis promotes metastasis and cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer through PI3K/AKT signaling. Cell death & disease 92 31024010
2019 The crucial role of ZEB2: From development to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer complexity. Journal of cellular physiology 90 30773635
2001 Nonsense and frameshift mutations in ZFHX1B, encoding Smad-interacting protein 1, cause a complex developmental disorder with a great variety of clinical features. American journal of human genetics 90 11592033
2021 Cardiomyocytes stimulate angiogenesis after ischemic injury in a ZEB2-dependent manner. Nature communications 85 33398012
2018 A p53/miR-30a/ZEB2 axis controls triple negative breast cancer aggressiveness. Cell death and differentiation 84 29666469
2008 Atypical Mowat-Wilson patient confirms the importance of the novel association between ZFHX1B/SIP1 and NuRD corepressor complex. Human molecular genetics 80 18182442
2003 Further delineation of the phenotype associated with heterozygous mutations in ZFHX1B. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 80 12784289
2016 Transcription factor Zeb2 regulates commitment to plasmacytoid dendritic cell and monocyte fate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 78 27930303
2007 Smad-interacting protein-1 (Zfhx1b) acts upstream of Wnt signaling in the mouse hippocampus and controls its formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 77 17644613
2007 Neural crest-specific removal of Zfhx1b in mouse leads to a wide range of neurocristopathies reminiscent of Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Human molecular genetics 75 17478475
2023 Endothelial HDAC1-ZEB2-NuRD Complex Drives Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection Through Regulation of Protein S-Sulfhydration. Circulation 72 36951067
2016 EphrinB2 repression through ZEB2 mediates tumour invasion and anti-angiogenic resistance. Nature communications 67 27470974
2016 The EMT transcription factor Zeb2 controls adult murine hematopoietic differentiation by regulating cytokine signaling. Blood 65 27683414
2018 LncRNA ZEB2-AS1 promotes pancreatic cancer cell growth and invasion through regulating the miR-204/HMGB1 axis. International journal of biological macromolecules 64 29753015
2015 miR-139-5p suppresses cancer cell migration and invasion through targeting ZEB1 and ZEB2 in GBM. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 64 25833697
2022 ZEB2 Shapes the Epigenetic Landscape of Atherosclerosis. Circulation 61 34990206
2016 Downregulation of ZEB2-AS1 decreased tumor growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Molecular medicine reports 59 27748842
2018 MiR-454-3p and miR-374b-5p suppress migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells through targetting ZEB2. Bioscience reports 58 30352837
2017 LncRNA ZFAS1 promotes growth and metastasis by regulating BMI1 and ZEB2 in osteosarcoma. American journal of cancer research 56 28744396
2019 ZEB2, a master regulator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, mediates trophoblast differentiation. Molecular human reproduction 55 30462321
2018 Role of Zeb2/Sip1 in neuronal development. Brain research 55 30266271
2024 Zeb2 drives the formation of CD11c+ atypical B cells to sustain germinal centers that control persistent infection. Science immunology 54 38330097
2013 ZEB2-Sp1 cooperation induces invasion by upregulating cadherin-11 and integrin α5 expression. Carcinogenesis 51 24130169
2020 Zeb2 Is a Regulator of Astrogliosis and Functional Recovery after CNS Injury. Cell reports 49 32610135
2018 Silencing of the lncRNA Zeb2-NAT facilitates reprogramming of aged fibroblasts and safeguards stem cell pluripotency. Nature communications 49 29311544
2017 LncRNA ZEB2-AS1 promotes bladder cancer cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis by regulating miR-27b. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 48 28992472
2004 Ocular coloboma and high myopia with Hirschsprung disease associated with a novel ZFHX1B missense mutation and trisomy 21. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 48 15384097
2021 MEF2A transcriptionally upregulates the expression of ZEB2 and CTNNB1 in colorectal cancer to promote tumor progression. Oncogene 47 33863999
2020 Zeb2 drives invasive and microbiota-dependent colon carcinoma. Nature cancer 47 35121975
2016 Zeb2 Regulates Cell Fate at the Exit from Epiblast State in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 47 27739137
2016 MicroRNA-145 inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and proliferation by targeting ZEB2 through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Molecular immunology 46 27289031
2024 Age-associated CD4+ T cells with B cell-promoting functions are regulated by ZEB2 in autoimmunity. Science immunology 44 38330141
2004 Pleiotropic and diverse expression of ZFHX1B gene transcripts during mouse and human development supports the various clinical manifestations of the "Mowat-Wilson" syndrome. Neurobiology of disease 44 15006694
2019 MiR-138-5p suppresses lung adenocarcinoma cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition, proliferation and metastasis by targeting ZEB2. Pathology, research and practice 43 30712885
2013 The Ski-Zeb2-Meox2 pathway provides a novel mechanism for regulation of the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype. Journal of cell science 41 24155330
2020 Hypoxia-inhibited miR-338-3p suppresses breast cancer progression by directly targeting ZEB2. Cancer science 40 32726486
2022 Endothelial Zeb2 preserves the hepatic angioarchitecture and protects against liver fibrosis. Cardiovascular research 37 33909875
2010 Genetic interaction between Sox10 and Zfhx1b during enteric nervous system development. Developmental biology 37 20206619
2021 ZEB2, the Mowat-Wilson Syndrome Transcription Factor: Confirmations, Novel Functions, and Continuing Surprises. Genes 36 34356053
2018 Transcriptional Regulator ZEB2 Is Essential for Bergmann Glia Development. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 34 29326173
2013 Expression of miRNAs and ZEB1 and ZEB2 correlates with histopathological grade in papillary urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder. Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 34 24306957
2003 Organization of the mouse Zfhx1b gene encoding the two-handed zinc finger repressor Smad-interacting protein-1. Genomics 34 13679026
2021 DEP-induced ZEB2 promotes nasal polyp formation via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 33 33957165
2023 A positive feedback loop between ZEB2 and ACSL4 regulates lipid metabolism to promote breast cancer metastasis. eLife 32 38078907
2018 Hypoxia induces ZEB2 in podocytes: Implications in the pathogenesis of proteinuria. Journal of cellular physiology 30 30238984
2014 Androgen receptor as a regulator of ZEB2 expression and its implications in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer. Endocrine-related cancer 29 24812058
2006 Atypical ZFHX1B mutation associated with a mild Mowat-Wilson syndrome phenotype. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 29 16532472
2019 ETS1 is coexpressed with ZEB2 and mediates ZEB2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human tumors. Molecular carcinogenesis 28 30790340
2021 LINC01296/miR-141-3p/ZEB1-ZEB2 axis promotes tumor metastasis via enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. Journal of Cancer 26 33854632
2019 Association of the ZC3H11B, ZFHX1B and SNTB1 genes with myopia of different severities. The British journal of ophthalmology 26 31300455
2021 Differential usage of transcriptional repressor Zeb2 enhancers distinguishes adult and embryonic hematopoiesis. Immunity 25 34004142
2025 ZEB2 is a master switch controlling the tumor-associated macrophage program. Cancer cell 24 40215981
2020 lncRNA ZEB2-AS1: A promising biomarker in human cancers. IUBMB life 24 32687675
2019 ZEB2 and LMO2 drive immature T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia via distinct oncogenic mechanisms. Haematologica 24 30679322
2017 E-cadherin and ZEB2 modulate trophoblast cell differentiation during placental development in pigs. Reproduction (Cambridge, England) 24 28912304
2020 TCF4 promotes colorectal cancer drug resistance and stemness via regulating ZEB1/ZEB2 expression. Protoplasma 23 31933004
2018 miR-146 promotes HBV replication and expression by targeting ZEB2. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 22 29902868
2017 Snail2 and Zeb2 repress P-cadherin to define embryonic territories in the chick embryo. Development (Cambridge, England) 22 28087626
2018 Long non-coding RNA ZEB2-AS1 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. Oncology letters 21 29552161
2017 Oncogenic ZEB2 activation drives sensitivity toward KDM1A inhibition in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 21 28069602
2022 Oncogenic circular RNA circ_0007534 contributes to paclitaxel resistance in endometrial cancer by sponging miR-625 and promoting ZEB2 expression. Frontiers in oncology 20 35992812
2021 Puerarin Prevents Acute Liver Injury via Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses and ZEB2 Expression. Frontiers in pharmacology 20 34421621
2020 Sp1-mediated up-regulation of lnc00152 promotes invasion and metastasis of retinoblastoma cells via the miR-30d/SOX9/ZEB2 pathway. Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 20 32488851
2020 The Lnc LINC00461/miR-30a-5p facilitates progression and malignancy in non-small cell lung cancer via regulating ZEB2. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 19 32106756
2020 HIPK3 Circular RNA Promotes Metastases of HCC Through Sponging miR-338-3p to Induce ZEB2 Expression. Digestive diseases and sciences 19 33247421
2021 Paeonol inhibits human lung cancer cell viability and metastasis in vitro via miR-126-5p/ZEB2 axis. Drug development research 18 34636432
2020 Long Non-coding RNA MALAT1 Upregulates ZEB2 Expression to Promote Malignant Progression of Glioma by Attenuating miR-124. Molecular neurobiology 18 33078370
2016 ZEB2 inhibits HBV transcription and replication by targeting its core promoter. Oncotarget 18 26895378
2013 Interplay between KLF4 and ZEB2/SIP1 in the regulation of E-cadherin expression. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 18 23376074
2019 ZEB2-AS1 Accelerates Epithelial/Mesenchymal Transition Through miR-1205/CRKL Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals 17 31755734
2003 Zfhx1a and Zfhx1b mRNAs have non-overlapping expression domains during chick and mouse midgestation limb development. Gene expression patterns : GEP 17 12609600
2019 ZEB2 in T-cells and T-ALL. Advances in biological regulation 16 31383581
2019 Long non-coding RNA ZEB2-AS1 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of colon cancer cells via miR-143/bcl-2 axis. American journal of translational research 16 31497237
2018 ZEB1 and ZEB2 transcription factors are potential therapeutic targets of canine mammary cancer cells. Veterinary and comparative oncology 16 30047225
2023 ZEB2 controls kidney stromal progenitor differentiation and inhibits abnormal myofibroblast expansion and kidney fibrosis. JCI insight 15 36445780
2019 Functional characterization of the ZEB2 regulatory landscape. Human molecular genetics 15 30590588
2019 Reactivation of microRNA-506 inhibits gastric carcinoma cell metastasis through ZEB2. Aging 15 30923258
2018 ZEB2 stably represses RAB25 expression through epigenetic regulation by SIRT1 and DNMTs during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Epigenetics & chromatin 15 30445998
2012 Zfhx1b induces a definitive neural stem cell fate in mouse embryonic stem cells. Stem cells and development 15 22594450
2020 ZEB1 and ZEB2 gene editing mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 in A549 cell line. Bratislavske lekarske listy 14 31950837
2018 A Zeb2-miR-200c loop controls midbrain dopaminergic neuron neurogenesis and migration. Communications biology 14 30271956
2017 A Novel Partial Duplication of ZEB2 and Review of ZEB2 Involvement in Mowat-Wilson Syndrome. Molecular syndromology 14 28690488
2023 Lnc-ZEB2-19 Inhibits the Progression and Lenvatinib Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Attenuating the NF-κB Signaling Pathway through the TRA2A/RSPH14 Axis. International journal of biological sciences 13 37564197
2020 Zeb2 Regulates Myogenic Differentiation in Pluripotent Stem Cells. International journal of molecular sciences 13 32260521
2024 Expression Profiling of EMT Transcriptional Regulators ZEB1 and ZEB2 in Different Histopathological Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Current genomics 12 38751602
2020 lncRNA ZEB2-AS1 stimulates cardiac hypertrophy by downregulating PTEN. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 12 32973941
2015 Autoregulation of ZEB2 expression for zearalenone production in Fusarium graminearum. Molecular microbiology 12 26036360

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