Affinage

VIRMA

Protein virilizer homolog · UniProt Q69YN4

Length
1812 aa
Mass
202.0 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-11
100 papers in source corpus 56 papers cited in narrative 57 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

VIRMA/KIAA1429 is the large scaffolding subunit of the m6A methyltransferase writer complex whose depletion destabilizes the entire complex and reduces global m6A levels, establishing it as a non-catalytic but structurally essential determinant of m6A deposition (PMID:34446080, PMID:40577453). It binds target transcripts directly through its RNA-binding domain and preferentially installs m6A in 3'-UTR regions, where the modification dictates transcript fate through engagement of distinct readers: YTHDF2/YTHDC1-mediated destabilization of tumor-suppressive transcripts such as RND3, RASD1, and CHST11, versus IGF2BP1/2/3- and HuR-dependent stabilization of targets including HAS2, E2F7, and TMED2 (PMID:37076815, PMID:38224863, PMID:37705505, PMID:37391589, PMID:38902717). Beyond m6A writing, VIRMA acts as a global regulator of pre-mRNA alternative splicing, with its bound transcripts overlapping the genes whose splicing it controls (PMID:36505780), and it can also regulate target mRNA stability in an m6A-independent manner (PMID:34976433). VIRMA function is partitioned by subcellular localization: a nuclear full-length isoform drives canonical m6A-dependent activity, while cytoplasmic mislocalization redirects it to reader-coupled stabilization of cytoplasmic targets (PMID:37705505, PMID:37208522). Its activity is set by post-translational control, including USP29-mediated deubiquitination that stabilizes VIRMA protein and AARS2-mediated lactylation at lysine 1713 that enhances its methyltransferase output (PMID:36373629, PMID:41017455). In vivo, VIRMA is essential for oocyte competence and folliculogenesis (PMID:32094512), for forebrain development via m6A-dependent ribosome biogenesis and suppression of a p53 stress response in neural progenitors (PMID:40577453), and for liver regeneration through stabilization of SHQ1 mRNA and PI3K/AKT activation (PMID:41132854). Across more than twenty cancer types its overexpression—driven by transcriptional activation (NF-κB/p65, C/EBPβ, NKX2-2), copy-number amplification, and promoter epigenetic changes—promotes proliferation, metastasis, immune evasion, altered glycolysis, ferroptosis resistance, and drug resistance by tuning the stability of diverse oncogenic and tumor-suppressive transcripts (PMID:35730068, PMID:36291811, PMID:39900725, PMID:37759224, PMID:37391589).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 2019 Medium

    Established that VIRMA does not act uniformly across transcripts but preferentially directs m6A to 3'-UTR regions and couples this to RNA-binding-protein-mediated transcript fate, defining its target-selection logic.

    Evidence MeRIP-seq, RIP-seq and RNA-seq with siRNA knockdown showing 3'-UTR m6A on GATA3 pre-mRNA and HuR displacement

    PMID:31856849

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve how a lncRNA cis-element confers transcript specificity generally
    • Single target context
  2. 2019 Low

    Raised the possibility that VIRMA also regulates target transcripts independently of its m6A-writing activity, broadening its functional repertoire beyond methylation.

    Evidence RIP-seq and functional rescue showing CDK1 mRNA regulation in breast cancer

    PMID:31285549

    Open questions at the time
    • m6A-independence asserted without a mechanistic basis
    • Single RIP-seq identification
  3. 2020 High

    Provided the first in vivo demonstration that VIRMA is physiologically essential, linking its m6A-writing role to a defined developmental program rather than only cancer cell lines.

    Evidence Oocyte-specific conditional knockout mouse with RNA-seq, m6A quantification and meiotic phenotyping

    PMID:32094512

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific splicing targets driving the oocyte phenotype not fully defined
    • Reader dependence in oocytes not established
  4. 2021 Medium

    Showed VIRMA is structurally required for writer-complex integrity, so its loss reduces global m6A and produces downstream consequences such as DNA damage and chemosensitivity.

    Evidence CRISPR knockdown in germ cell tumor cells with m6A quantification, γH2AX and DNA-repair factor readouts plus in vivo CAM assay

    PMID:34446080

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct biochemical role of VIRMA in complex assembly not structurally resolved
  5. 2022 Medium

    Demonstrated that VIRMA globally controls alternative splicing of its bound transcripts, expanding its function beyond stability regulation to splicing.

    Evidence RIP-seq and RNA-seq integration in HCC showing overlap of bound transcripts with regulated splicing events

    PMID:36505780

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether splicing regulation is m6A-dependent not resolved
    • Splicing machinery partners not identified
  6. 2022 Medium

    Established that VIRMA protein levels are set post-translationally and that upstream transcription factors drive its overexpression, clarifying how its abundance is regulated in disease.

    Evidence Co-IP and ubiquitination assays defining USP29-mediated deubiquitination, and ChIP showing NF-κB/p65 transactivation of the promoter

    PMID:36291811 PMID:36373629

    Open questions at the time
    • E3 ligase opposing USP29 not identified
    • Stoichiometry of deubiquitination effect unquantified
  7. 2023 High

    Resolved that VIRMA's output bifurcates by reader pairing—destabilizing transcripts via YTHDF2/YTHDC1 or stabilizing them via IGF2BP/HuR—accounting for its opposing context-dependent effects.

    Evidence Multiple MeRIP-seq/RIP/stability studies including CRISPR KO and activation for CHST11-YTHDF2, RND3-YTHDC1, and IGF2BP3-coupled HAS2/E2F7 stabilization

    PMID:37028765 PMID:37076815 PMID:37705505 PMID:38224863

    Open questions at the time
    • Determinants directing a given transcript toward a destabilizing versus stabilizing reader not defined
  8. 2023 High

    Established that subcellular localization is a functional switch—nuclear full-length VIRMA performs canonical m6A writing while cytoplasmic mislocalization redirects activity—explaining isoform- and compartment-specific roles.

    Evidence Subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence and isoform-specific overexpression in breast cancer tying cytosolic VIRMA to IGF2BP3-coupled HAS2 stabilization

    PMID:37208522 PMID:37705505

    Open questions at the time
    • Signals governing nuclear export/retention only partially defined
    • Cytoplasmic methyltransferase competence versus pure adaptor role unresolved
  9. 2024 Medium

    Identified additional post-translational modifications (acetylation, phosphorylation) and a phosphorylation-driven localization switch, deepening the regulatory layer controlling VIRMA targeting.

    Evidence Co-IP defining TIP60 acetylation and IP-MS/Co-IP/immunofluorescence showing BRAF phosphorylation promotes cytoplasmic localization and FZD7 mRNA stabilization

    PMID:40301310 PMID:40611274

    Open questions at the time
    • Acetylation/phosphorylation site mapping to functional consequence incomplete
    • Crosstalk between modifications not addressed
  10. 2025 High

    Connected VIRMA-dependent m6A to fundamental cell biology—ribosome biogenesis and a p53 stress response—through an essential in vivo developmental requirement in the brain.

    Evidence Conditional Virma knockout with transcriptome, ribosome biogenesis and p53 pathway analysis in mouse forebrain

    PMID:40577453

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct m6A targets coupling VIRMA to ribosome biogenesis not enumerated
    • Generality beyond neural progenitors untested
  11. 2025 Medium

    Showed metabolic post-translational control of VIRMA via lactylation, linking the tumor microenvironment to VIRMA methyltransferase output.

    Evidence Co-IP and Me-RIP identifying AARS2-mediated lactylation at lysine 1713 enhancing SP1 mRNA m6A/stability, with PDX validation

    PMID:41017455

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural effect of K1713 lactylation on activity not defined
    • Single metastatic context

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How VIRMA, as a non-catalytic scaffold, achieves transcript-specific 3'-UTR targeting and selects between destabilizing and stabilizing reader pathways remains the central open question.
  • No structural model of VIRMA within the writer complex on RNA
  • Rules linking sequence/context to reader choice undefined
  • Mechanism unifying m6A-dependent and m6A-independent activities unresolved

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003723 RNA binding 4 GO:0140098 catalytic activity, acting on RNA 4 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 2
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 2 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 4 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3
Partners
AARS2HURIGF2BP2IGF2BP3METTL3USP29WTAPYTHDF2
Complex memberships
m6A methyltransferase writer complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 57 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2019 KIAA1429/VIRMA induces m6A methylation on the 3' UTR of GATA3 pre-mRNA, leading to separation of the RNA-binding protein HuR and degradation of GATA3 pre-mRNA; a lncRNA GATA3-AS (transcribed antisense to GATA3) acts as a cis-acting element for preferential interaction of KIAA1429 with GATA3 pre-mRNA. MeRIP-seq, RIP-seq, RNA-seq, siRNA knockdown, in vitro and in vivo functional assays Molecular cancer Medium 31856849
2019 KIAA1429 binds CDK1 mRNA and regulates CDK1 expression in an m6A-independent manner to promote breast cancer proliferation and metastasis. RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq), functional rescue assays, in vitro and in vivo experiments Oncogene Low 31285549
2019 KIAA1429 increases m6A modification of ID2 mRNA, suppressing ID2 expression and thereby facilitating migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. MeRIP-PCR, siRNA knockdown, transwell assays OncoTargets and therapy Low 31118692
2020 Oocyte-specific loss of Kiaa1429 in mice causes female infertility with defective follicular development and failure of germinal vesicle breakdown; KIAA1429 depletion decreases m6A levels in oocytes and disrupts alternative splicing of oogenesis-associated genes. Conditional knockout mouse model, RNA-seq, m6A quantification, phenotypic analysis of meiotic progression Cell death and differentiation High 32094512
2020 VIRMA knockdown in prostate cancer cells significantly decreases global m6A levels, attenuates malignant phenotype, and suppresses expression and stability of oncogenic lncRNAs CCAT1 and CCAT2 through m6A-dependent stabilization. siRNA knockdown, ELISA m6A quantification, Actinomycin D RNA stability assay, m6A/RNA co-immunoprecipitation Cancers Medium 32218194
2020 KIAA1429 regulates c-Jun mRNA stability and expression in an m6A-independent manner to promote gastric cancer cell proliferation; RIP and luciferase assays confirmed direct binding to c-Jun mRNA. mRNA sequencing, RIP assay, luciferase assay, rescue experiments Journal of cellular physiology Low 32052427
2021 KIAA1429 stabilizes LINC00958 lncRNA through m6A modification; LINC00958 in turn interacts with GLUT1 mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner to enhance GLUT1 mRNA stability and promote aerobic glycolysis in gastric cancer. MeRIP-seq, RIP assay, RNA stability assay, functional glycolysis assays IUBMB life Low 34409730
2021 KIAA1429 enhances mRNA stability of HOXA1 through targeting its 3'-UTR, thereby accelerating gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells. siRNA knockdown, mRNA stability assays, in vivo xenograft Cell death discovery Low 34001850
2021 VIRMA-regulated m6A modifications lead to post-transcriptional suppression of DAPK3 mRNA through YTHDF2/3 in NSCLC; inhibition of DAPK3 rescued tumor-suppressive phenotypes induced by VIRMA deficiency. siRNA knockdown, MeRIP, RIP, in vitro and in vivo functional assays, epistasis rescue experiments Cancer letters Medium 34520821
2021 KIAA1429 and ALKBH5 oppositely regulate m6A modification of pri-miR-143-3p, controlling its processing by the microprocessor protein DGCR8, thereby indirectly regulating DDX6 (a target of mature miR-143-3p) to affect aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and endothelial cell apoptosis in aortic dissection. Gain/loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo (AngII mouse model), m6A sequencing, RIP Frontiers in cell and developmental biology Medium 34490238
2021 KIAA1429 promotes breast cancer metastasis through the SMC1A/SNAIL axis: KIAA1429 binds the 3' UTR motif of SMC1A mRNA and enhances its stability in an m6A-independent manner; SMC1A then binds the SNAIL promoter to drive EMT. RIP assay, mRNA stability assay, luciferase reporter, siRNA knockdown, in vivo xenograft Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids Medium 34976433
2021 VIRMA knockdown in germ cell tumor cells disrupts the remaining methyltransferase complex and decreases global m6A abundance; this increases DNA damage (elevated γH2AX and GADD45B) and downregulates DNA repair factors XLF and MRE11, sensitizing cells to cisplatin. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown, m6A quantification, γH2AX measurement, CAM in vivo assay, western blot Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 34446080
2022 KIAA1429 regulates BTG2 expression in an m6A-dependent manner; knockdown decreases m6A levels on BTG2 mRNA, leading to enhanced YTHDF2-dependent BTG2 mRNA stability and increased BTG2 expression, thereby suppressing LUAD tumorigenesis. Copy number amplification at KIAA1429 locus drives its overexpression. MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq, m6A dot blot, RIP, RNA stability assay, in vitro and in vivo experiments Cancer communications Medium 35730068
2022 KIAA1429 promotes LUAD via activation of JNK/MAPK pathway: KIAA1429 positively regulates MAP3K2 expression in an m6A methylation-dependent manner, restraining gefitinib resistance when knocked down. siRNA knockdown, in vitro and in vivo experiments, m6A-dependent target gene identification Drug resistance updates Low 36493511
2022 KIAA1429 increases SIRT1 mRNA stability via m6A-dependent regulation in colorectal cancer, promoting cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration. shRNA knockdown, mRNA stability assay, in vivo xenograft Cell death discovery Low 35217651
2022 KIAA1429 promotes aerobic glycolysis in colorectal cancer by binding the m6A site of HK2 mRNA and enhancing its mRNA stability in an m6A-independent manner. Functional glycolysis assays, mRNA binding/stability assays, siRNA knockdown Bioengineered Low 35546050
2022 p65 (NF-κB) binds the KIAA1429 promoter and activates its transcription (confirmed by ChIP assay); KIAA1429 then recruits YTHDF1 to the 3'-UTR of FOXM1 mRNA, stabilizing FOXM1 and mediating cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. ChIP assay, RIP, mRNA stability assay, shRNA knockdown, in vivo xenograft Cancers Medium 36291811
2022 KIAA1429 regulates alternative splicing of cancer-related genes (including BPTF exon 6) in HCC; KIAA1429-bound transcripts identified by RIP-seq highly overlap with regulated alternative splicing genes, indicating KIAA1429 globally regulates pre-mRNA splicing by binding transcripts. RNA-seq, RIP-seq, clinical validation of AS events Frontiers in oncology Medium 36505780
2022 USP29 directly binds KIAA1429 (confirmed by Co-IP) and mediates its deubiquitination to stabilize KIAA1429 protein levels; KIAA1429 then promotes SOX8 mRNA stability through m6A modification in CRC. Co-immunoprecipitation, western blot for ubiquitination, m6A-RIP, siRNA knockdown, in vivo xenograft Biomolecules & biomedicine Medium 36373629
2023 KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification of CHST11 mRNA recruits YTHDF2 to reduce CHST11 mRNA stability and expression; diminished CHST11 lowers MOB1B expression, inactivating Hippo-YAP signaling in DLBCL. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, CRISPR/dCas9-VP64 activation, RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq, RIP, luciferase assay, RNA stability assay, Co-IP, xenograft Cellular & molecular biology letters High 37076815
2023 VIRMA mediates m6A methylation of E2F7 3'-UTR; IGF2BP2 binds and maintains E2F7 mRNA stability; E2F7 then cooperates with CBFB-recruited RUNX1 in a non-canonical manner to transactivate ITGA2, ITGA5, and NTRK1, activating Akt signaling in NPC. High-throughput sequencing, MeRIP, RIP, luciferase assay, in vitro and in vivo experiments The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 37028765
2023 KIAA1429 negatively regulates the tumor suppressor RND3 by decreasing its mRNA stability via m6A modification coordinated with the m6A reader YTHDC1; KIAA1429 acts through its RNA-binding domain. RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq, RIP, MeRIP-qPCR, RNA stability assay, luciferase assay, in vitro/in vivo experiments Cancer letters Medium 38224863
2023 KIAA1429/VIRMA is mislocalized to the cytosol of breast cancer cells; cytosolic KIAA1429/VIRMA binds to m6A-binding protein IGF2BP3, which recruits and stabilizes m6A-modified HAS2 mRNA, promoting breast cancer growth. Subcellular fractionation, Co-IP, RIP, shRNA knockdown, in vitro/in vivo functional assays, immunofluorescence EMBO reports High 37705505
2023 VIRMA promotes breast cancer by upregulating the m6A-modified long non-coding RNA NEAT1, contributing to cancer cell growth; the nuclear full-length VIRMA isoform (but not the cytoplasmic N-terminal isoform) drives m6A-dependent breast tumourigenesis. Isoform-specific overexpression, in vitro and in vivo functional assays, m6A modification analysis Cellular and molecular life sciences Medium 37208522
2023 VIRMA promotes ICC progression by stabilizing TMED2 and PARD3B mRNAs through m6A-HuR-mediated mechanism; the high VIRMA expression in ICC is caused by demethylation of the H3K27me3 modification in the VIRMA promoter region. RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq, SLAM-seq, RIP, luciferase reporter, ChIP assay, in vitro/in vivo experiments Journal of gastroenterology High 37391589
2023 KIAA1429 promotes gastric cancer progression by destabilizing RASD1 mRNA through m6A-YTHDF2-dependent degradation, thereby downregulating RASD1 expression. MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq, MeRIP-qPCR, RNA stability assay, RIP, RNA pull-down, dual luciferase reporter, in vivo xenograft Journal of translational medicine Medium 38902717
2023 KIAA1429 protects hepatocellular carcinoma cells from ferroptosis through m6A-dependent post-transcriptional modification of SLC7A11; RIP confirmed KIAA1429 binding to m6A on SLC7A11 transcript, and overexpression heightens SLC7A11 cystine/glutamate antiporter activity. RIP, m6A inhibitor (cycloleucine) treatment, ferroptosis marker assays, in vivo xenograft Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Medium 37830241
2023 HNRNPC promotes DDR1 transcription in breast cancer by recognizing VIRMA-installed m6A modification on TFAP2A mRNA (PAR-CLIP confirmed VIRMA binding; RIP confirmed HNRNPC recognition of m6A on TFAP2A), stabilizing TFAP2A which transactivates DDR1 to promote collagen fiber alignment and immune evasion. PAR-CLIP, Me-RIP, RIP, ChIP, dual-luciferase, in vivo mouse BC transplant model Molecular medicine High 37528369
2024 PTPRG physically interacts with VIRMA in mouse brain; PTPRG binding upregulates VIRMA, which inhibits translation of PRKN mRNA through m6A methylation, preventing mitophagy clearance of damaged mitochondria and leading to neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. Single-cell RNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics, Co-IP in mouse brain, 5×FAD mouse model validation Pharmacological research Medium 38325728
2024 TIP60 acetylates KIAA1429 at a specific residue, which promotes KDM5B expression in an m6A-YTHDF1-dependent manner; KDM5B subsequently represses FoxO1 transcription to enable immune evasion, growth, and metastasis in HCC. RNA pull-down, RIP, ChIP, Co-IP, m6A quantification, MeRIP-qPCR, flow cytometry, xenograft in NOD/SCID mice Cell death discovery Medium 40301310
2024 BRAF-mediated phosphorylation of KIAA1429 promotes its cytoplasmic localization; cytoplasmic KIAA1429 promotes Wnt pathway activation by binding and stabilizing FZD7 mRNA, enhancing cancer stemness and oxaliplatin resistance in BRAFV600E-mutated CRC. IP-MS, Co-IP, immunofluorescence, RIP, RNA-seq, in vitro/in vivo functional assays Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 40611274
2024 VIRMA promotes neuronal apoptosis in spinal cord injury by inducing m6A methylation of STK10 mRNA, negatively regulating STK10 expression; VIRMA knockdown reduces m6A methylation and apoptosis of neuronal cells. Rat SCI model, m6A methylation kit, overexpression/knockdown in OGD cell models and animal models CNS neuroscience & therapeutics Low 37721438
2024 SHBs (small HBV surface antigen) elevates global m6A levels and upregulates CCR9 expression through KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification at sites 1373 and 1496 on CCR9 mRNA, stabilizing CCR9 mRNA and promoting HCC regorafenib resistance. m6A site-specific mutagenesis (sites 1373 and 1496), AAV-HBV mouse model, functional assays Journal of medical virology Medium 39206838
2024 KIAA1429 cooperates with m6A reader HuR to enhance HK1 mRNA stability, upregulating HK1 expression and promoting Warburg effect/sorafenib resistance in liver cancer; KIAA1429 directly binds HK1 mRNA. RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq, RIP, mRNA stability assay, in vitro/in vivo experiments Biochemical pharmacology Medium 38996929
2024 KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification stabilizes RAB27B mRNA through the m6A/YTHDF1 axis in CML, enhancing drug efflux and imatinib resistance; rucaparib suppresses KIAA1429 expression and reduces CML progression. mRNA stability assay, RIP, in vitro/in vivo CML models Genes & diseases Low 37692484
2024 VIRMA promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma via m6A methylation of PTGS2 mRNA, enhancing PTGS2 mRNA stability; MeRIP and mRNA stability assays confirmed m6A modification. MeRIP, mRNA stability assay, siRNA/overexpression, in vitro/in vivo experiments Critical reviews in immunology Low 37830191
2024 IL-6 activates KIAA1429 expression through the JAK1/STAT3 pathway; KIAA1429 then promotes DDIT3 mRNA degradation through m6A modification, inhibiting ferroptosis and promoting proliferation in endometrial cancer. Dot blot, MeRIP, RIP, RNA stability assay, FISH, in vitro and in vivo experiments Cellular signalling Medium 40436288
2024 KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification of FOXM1 mRNA, recognized by YTHDF1, stabilizes FOXM1 mRNA and promotes aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis in multiple myeloma. RIP, m6A modification assay, RNA stability assay, in vivo transplantation model Cell biology and toxicology Low 39060874
2024 KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification of Lrp4 mRNA is recognized by YTHDC1 to increase Lrp4 mRNA stability and expression; elevated LRP4 recruits TNFAIP3 to inactivate NF-κB signaling, thereby inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and protecting against osteoporosis. MeRIP-seq, scRNA-seq, in vitro osteoclast differentiation assays, OVX mouse model Cellular & molecular biology letters Medium 41146006
2024 VIRMA promotes NSCLC progression by m6A modification of ADAR mRNA, enhancing ADAR expression and activating TGF-β signaling pathway. Western blot, m6A modification analysis, functional assays, in vivo xenograft Scientific reports Low 40254620
2024 KIAA1429 facilitates immune evasion in NSCLC by stabilizing KLF1 mRNA through m6A modification, which upregulates PD-L1 expression and suppresses CD8+ T cell activity. m6A enrichment on KLF1, mRNA stability assay, co-culture with PBMCs, siRNA knockdown, flow cytometry Cell biochemistry and biophysics Low 39499390
2024 VIRMA mediates m6A modification of STRA6 mRNA 3'-UTR; m6A reader IGF2BP2 stabilizes STRA6 mRNA; STRA6 activates STAT3/HIF-1α signaling to promote glycolysis and tumor progression in PDAC. RNA-seq, m6A-seq, MeRIP-qPCR, RIP, in vitro/in vivo experiments Cancer letters Medium 38604311
2024 EET-derived DNA activates CCDC25, which recruits VIRMA to induce m6A methylation of MAF transcription factor mRNA in CD4+ T cells, enhancing MAF mRNA stability and promoting Tfh cell differentiation in bullous pemphigoid. RNA sequencing, m6A pathway analysis, in vivo BP-like mouse model, flow cytometry, functional antibody neutralization The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Medium 39490750
2025 VIRMA-mediated m6A modification is essential for ribosome biogenesis in neural progenitor/stem cells; VIRMA depletion destabilizes the entire m6A writer complex and reduces m6A levels, leading to impaired mRNA decay, activation of p53-dependent stress response, compromised global protein synthesis, decreased neural progenitor proliferation, and severe forebrain developmental defects. Conditional Virma knockout, transcriptome analysis, ribosome biogenesis assays, p53 pathway analysis, in vivo mouse brain phenotype Science advances High 40577453
2025 CAF-derived EV-packaged circTAX1BP1 binds VIRMA and promotes its lactylation at lysine residue 1713 by recruiting AARS2; lactylated VIRMA enhances m6A modification and stability of SP1 mRNA, activating TGF-β transcription and promoting colorectal liver metastasis. Co-IP, AARS2 interaction assay, Me-RIP, RNA stability assay, single-cell RNA-seq, PDX model, in vivo/in vitro experiments Advanced science Medium 41017455
2025 VIRMA-mediated m6A modification of SHQ1 mRNA is recognized by HNRNPA2B1 to enhance SHQ1 mRNA stability; SHQ1 upregulation activates the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration. Liver-specific Virma knockout mice show impaired liver regeneration. Liver-specific Cre-loxP Virma knockout, MeRIP-seq, ALPPS and CCl4 mouse models, AKT inhibitor treatment Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B High 41132854
2025 Alcohol increases C/EBPβ expression, which binds the VIRMA promoter to enhance VIRMA transcription; VIRMA then facilitates SLC43A2 mRNA degradation through m6A-YTHDF2 pathway, reducing phenylalanine absorption and oxidative stress to drive PDAC progression. ChIP for C/EBPβ on VIRMA promoter, m6A-YTHDF2 pathway analysis, in vitro/in vivo experiments Oncogene Medium 39900725
2025 VIRMA mediates m6A modification of NSMCE2 mRNA; IGF2BP1 recognizes m6A-modified NSMCE2 mRNA to enhance its stability, upregulating NSMCE2 expression and reducing ROS levels and apoptosis, thereby promoting prostate cancer tumorigenesis. MeRIP, mRNA stability assay, RIP, DCFH-DA ROS assay, flow cytometry, in vivo xenograft International journal of urology Low 40459180
2025 KIAA1429 mediates m6A modification of DDIT3 mRNA, promoting its degradation, and suppressing ferroptosis via reduced DDIT3-mediated oxidative stress in endometrial cancer; IL-6 activates this through JAK1/STAT3 (confirmed by MeRIP and RIP). MeRIP, RIP, RNA stability assay, FISH, dot blot, in vitro/in vivo Cellular signalling Medium 40436288
2025 FEZF1-AS1 binds IGF2BP3, which enhances KIAA1429 mRNA stability; KIAA1429 facilitates m6A modification on OTUB1 mRNA, recognized by YTHDF1 to promote OTUB1 expression; OTUB1 then stabilizes SLC7A11 by deubiquitination to suppress ferroptosis in multiple myeloma. RNA pull-down, RIP, Co-IP for ubiquitination, mRNA stability assay, ferroptosis marker assays Human cell Medium 41085851
2025 VIRMA mediates m6A modification of ANLN mRNA; IGF2BP3 recognizes m6A-modified ANLN to maintain its stability; ANLN activates RhoA signaling to suppress Hippo pathway and promote ICC growth; YAP1-TEAD1 transcriptionally activates ANLN, forming a positive feedback loop. MeRIP, RIP (IGF2BP3), ChIP (TEAD1 on ANLN promoter), in vitro/in vivo functional assays, clinical ICC cohort Cell death & disease Medium 41513610
2024 VIRMA suppresses cell migration and proliferation in Hirschsprung's disease by upregulating GSK3β expression; VIRMA inhibits degradation of GSK3β mRNA and increases GSK3β protein; VIRMA is significantly downregulated in narrow-segment colon tissue of HSCR patients. Actinomycin D mRNA stability assay, CCK-8, EdU, wound healing, overexpression/knockdown in SH-SY5Y and HEK-293T cells Pediatric research Low 38658662
2023 NKX2-2 binds the KIAA1429 promoter and transactivates KIAA1429 expression in Ewing sarcoma (ChIP-seq + RNA-seq integration); KIAA1429 in turn maintains STAT3 expression, with positive feedback between KIAA1429 and STAT3; CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of KIAA1429 identified it as an ES-essential gene. CRISPR-Cas9 in vitro and in vivo dropout screen, ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, STAT3 inhibitor experiments, xenograft Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 37759224
2022 Melatonin promotes spermatogonia viability and proliferation by upregulating KIAA1429 expression and m6A methylation; KIAA1429 regulates multiple biological processes in spermatogonia including the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway; PI3K inhibitor LY294002 mitigated KIAA1429 OE-mediated effects. CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, deep RNA-seq, siRNA/overexpression, PI3K inhibitor treatment Reproductive biology Low 35987159
2024 KIAA1429 directly regulates Nrf2 via m6A-dependent modification of its 3'UTR (confirmed by MeRIP-qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter); KIAA1429 depletion promotes ferroptosis in osteosarcoma through suppression of Nrf2/NQO1 signaling. MeRIP-qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter assay, ferroptosis assays, in vivo xenograft Inflammation research Medium 40844619
2025 VIRMA mediates m6A methylation of SCD mRNA, enhancing SCD mRNA stability and expression; elevated SCD modulates AMPK signaling to promote Wilms' tumor cell malignancy. MeRIP, western blot, RNA stability assay, rescue experiments, functional assays DNA and cell biology Low 40040483
2025 VIRMA knockdown reduces m6A levels and reduces IGF2BP2 interaction with NDRG1 mRNA, leading to NDRG1 mRNA destabilization; VIRMA knockdown enhances OSCC sensitivity to iron chelators DFO and Dp44mT, revealing a synergistic VIRMA-IGF2BP2-NDRG1 axis. MeRIP, RIP, mRNA stability assay, drug sensitivity assays, in vitro/in vivo experiments Cellular signalling Low 40581266

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2019 KIAA1429 contributes to liver cancer progression through N6-methyladenosine-dependent post-transcriptional modification of GATA3. Molecular cancer 367 31856849
2019 KIAA1429 acts as an oncogenic factor in breast cancer by regulating CDK1 in an N6-methyladenosine-independent manner. Oncogene 172 31285549
2019 KIAA1429 regulates the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by altering m6A modification of ID2 mRNA. OncoTargets and therapy 134 31118692
2020 Oocyte competence is maintained by m6A methyltransferase KIAA1429-mediated RNA metabolism during mouse follicular development. Cell death and differentiation 102 32094512
2020 circ_KIAA1429 accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma advancement through the mechanism of m6A-YTHDF3-Zeb1. Life sciences 97 32653519
2020 KIAA1429 regulates cell proliferation by targeting c-Jun messenger RNA directly in gastric cancer. Journal of cellular physiology 90 32052427
2022 KIAA1429 promotes tumorigenesis and gefitinib resistance in lung adenocarcinoma by activating the JNK/ MAPK pathway in an m6A-dependent manner. Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy 76 36493511
2020 VIRMA-Dependent N6-Methyladenosine Modifications Regulate the Expression of Long Non-Coding RNAs CCAT1 and CCAT2 in Prostate Cancer. Cancers 71 32218194
2021 Role of m6A methyltransferase component VIRMA in multiple human cancers (Review). Cancer cell international 65 33731118
2022 Gene amplification-driven RNA methyltransferase KIAA1429 promotes tumorigenesis by regulating BTG2 via m6A-YTHDF2-dependent in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer communications (London, England) 62 35730068
2021 m6 A transferase KIAA1429-stabilized LINC00958 accelerates gastric cancer aerobic glycolysis through targeting GLUT1. IUBMB life 62 34409730
2021 VIRMA contributes to non-small cell lung cancer progression via N6-methyladenosine-dependent DAPK3 post-transcriptional modification. Cancer letters 51 34520821
2019 m6A RNA modification and its writer/reader VIRMA/YTHDF3 in testicular germ cell tumors: a role in seminoma phenotype maintenance. Journal of translational medicine 51 30866959
2021 SMC1A regulated by KIAA1429 in m6A-independent manner promotes EMT progress in breast cancer. Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids 46 34976433
2021 The component of the m6A writer complex VIRMA is implicated in aggressive tumor phenotype, DNA damage response and cisplatin resistance in germ cell tumors. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 42 34446080
2022 The biological function of m6A methyltransferase KIAA1429 and its role in human disease. PeerJ 39 36389416
2023 KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification of CHST11 promotes progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by regulating Hippo-YAP pathway. Cellular & molecular biology letters 37 37076815
2022 N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase KIAA1429 elevates colorectal cancer aerobic glycolysis via HK2-dependent manner. Bioengineered 32 35546050
2023 HNRNPC promotes collagen fiber alignment and immune evasion in breast cancer via activation of the VIRMA-mediated TFAP2A/DDR1 axis. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 31 37528369
2022 m6A Methyltransferase KIAA1429 Regulates the Cisplatin Sensitivity of Gastric Cancer Cells via Stabilizing FOXM1 mRNA. Cancers 31 36291811
2021 N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase KIAA1429 accelerates the gefitinib resistance of non-small-cell lung cancer. Cell death discovery 31 34001850
2022 m6A methyltransferase KIAA1429 acts as an oncogenic factor in colorectal cancer by regulating SIRT1 in an m6A-dependent manner. Cell death discovery 27 35217651
2022 N6-methyladenine- induced LINC00667 promoted breast cancer progression through m6A/KIAA1429 positive feedback loop. Bioengineered 25 36700472
2024 KIAA1429 facilitates metastasis via m6A-YTHDC1-dependent RND3 down-regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer letters 24 38224863
2023 KIAA1429/VIRMA promotes breast cancer progression by m6 A-dependent cytosolic HAS2 stabilization. EMBO reports 24 37705505
2020 KIAA1429 promotes the progression of lung adenocarcinoma by regulating the m6A level of MUC3A. Pathology, research and practice 24 33249400
2024 Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals that PTPRG activates the m6A methyltransferase VIRMA to block mitophagy-mediated neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacological research 23 38325728
2023 CCL3 secreted by hepatocytes promotes the metastasis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by VIRMA-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. Journal of translational medicine 23 36691046
2023 VIRMA promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma, tumorigenesis, and metastasis by upregulation of E2F7 in an m6A-dependent manner. The Journal of biological chemistry 22 37028765
2023 N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase KIAA1429 promoted ovarian cancer aerobic glycolysis and progression through enhancing ENO1 expression. Biology direct 22 37807062
2024 KIAA1429 promotes gastric cancer progression by destabilizing RASD1 mRNA in an m6A-YTHDF2-dependent manner. Journal of translational medicine 21 38902717
2023 m6A methyltransferase KIAA1429 accelerates oral squamous cell carcinoma via regulating glycolysis and ferroptosis. Translational oncology 21 37517144
2021 KIAA1429 and ALKBH5 Oppositely Influence Aortic Dissection Progression via Regulating the Maturation of Pri-miR-143-3p in an m6A-Dependent Manner. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 19 34490238
2020 KIAA1429 promotes osteosarcoma progression by promoting stem cell properties and is regulated by miR-143-3p. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 19 32286148
2023 Promotive role of USP29-mediated deubiquitination in malignant proliferation of colorectal cancer cells via the KIAA1429/SOX8 axis. Biomolecules & biomedicine 18 36373629
2022 N6-methyladenosine (m6A) writer KIAA1429 accelerates gastric cancer oxaliplatin chemoresistance by targeting FOXM1. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 17 36326914
2022 KIAA1429 mediates epithelial mesenchymal transition in sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma through m6A methylation modification. Cancer medicine 17 36420693
2024 Glycolysis and tumor progression promoted by the m6A writer VIRMA via m6A-dependent upregulation of STRA6 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer letters 16 38604311
2024 Small HBV surface antigen drives regorafenib resistance in HCC via KIAA1429-dependent m6A modification of CCR9. Journal of medical virology 16 39206838
2023 KIAA1429 protects hepatocellular carcinoma cells from ferroptotic cell death with a m6 A-dependent posttranscriptional modification of SLC7A11. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 16 37830241
2023 Silencing of m6A methyltransferase KIAA1429 suppresses the progression of non-small cell lung cancer by promoting the p53 signaling pathway and ferroptosis. American journal of cancer research 16 38058803
2024 KIAA1429 increases FOXM1 expression through YTHDF1-mediated m6A modification to promote aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis in multiple myeloma. Cell biology and toxicology 15 39060874
2024 N6-Methyladenosine Methyltransferase Component KIAA1429 Is a Potential Target of Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 13 39456252
2023 Overexpression of VIRMA confers vulnerability to breast cancers via the m6A-dependent regulation of unfolded protein response. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 13 37208522
2022 Melatonin enhances spermatogonia activity through promoting KIAA1429-mediated m6A deposition to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling. Reproductive biology 13 35987159
2023 The m6A regulator KIAA1429 stabilizes RAB27B mRNA and promotes the progression of chronic myeloid leukemia and resistance to targeted therapy. Genes & diseases 12 37692484
2023 The role and mechanism of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway regulated by m6A methyltransferase KIAA1429 in osteosarcoma. Journal of bone oncology 11 36915895
2023 VIRMA Facilitates Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression via Increasing m6A-Dependent KIF15 Expression. Discovery medicine 11 37811616
2023 Circular RNA circ_KIAA1429 accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma progression via the miR-133a-3p/high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) axis in an m6A-dependent manner. Human cell 10 37368192
2024 VIRMA promotes the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating UBR5 mRNA and m6A levels. Biomolecules & biomedicine 9 38577917
2024 The m6 RNA methylation regulator KIAA1429 is associated with autophagy-mediated drug resistance in lung cancer. FASEB bioAdvances 9 38585432
2023 KIAA1429 promotes infantile hemangioma regression by facilitating the stemness of hemangioma endothelial cells. Cancer science 9 36572002
2023 CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening identifies KIAA1429 as an essential gene in Ewing sarcoma. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 9 37759224
2023 lncRNA POU6F2-AS1 Regulated by KIAA1429 Contributes to Colorectal Cancer Progression in an m6A Modification Manner. Molecular biotechnology 9 38103097
2022 KIAA1429 regulates alternative splicing events of cancer-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Frontiers in oncology 9 36505780
2024 KIAA1429 regulates lung adenocarcinoma proliferation and metastasis through the PI3K/AKT pathway by modulating ARHGAP30 expression. Thoracic cancer 8 38717936
2024 Role and mechanism of KIAA1429 in regulating cellular ferroptosis and radioresistance in colorectal cancer. Biomolecules & biomedicine 8 38843497
2024 KIAA1429 Induces m6A Modification of LINC01106 to Enhance the Malignancy of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells via the JAK/STAT3 Pathway. Critical reviews in immunology 8 38848293
2025 Extracellular Vesicle-Packaged circTAX1BP1 from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Regulates RNA m6A Modification through Lactylation of VIRMA in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 7 41017455
2024 Clinical Significance and Potential Mechanisms of the RNA Methyltransferase KIAA1429 in Osteosarcoma. Journal of Cancer 7 38164289
2024 Inhibition of KIAA1429/HK1 axis enhances the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to sorafenib by regulating the Warburg effect. Biochemical pharmacology 7 38996929
2024 The three YTHDF paralogs and VIRMA are strong cross-histotype tumor driver candidates among m6A core genes. NAR cancer 7 39411658
2023 VIRMA facilitates intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression through epigenetic augmentation of TMED2 and PARD3B mRNA stabilization. Journal of gastroenterology 7 37391589
2023 VIRMA promotes neuron apoptosis via inducing m6A methylation of STK10 in spinal cord injury animal models. CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 7 37721438
2023 KIAA1429 Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Progression by Mediating m6A Modification of PTGS2. Critical reviews in immunology 7 37830191
2025 Alcohol-induced C/EBP β-driven VIRMA decreases oxidative stress and promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma growth and metastasis via the m6A/YTHDF2/SLC43A2 pathway. Oncogene 6 39900725
2024 Inhibin A contributes to the tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification. Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology 6 38531807
2024 The m6A writer KIAA1429 regulates photoaging progression via MFAP4-dependent collagen synthesis. BMC biology 6 39256796
2022 m6A 'writer' KIAA1429 regulates the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells in atherosclerosis. Molecular biotechnology 6 36463391
2024 KIAA1429-mediated RXFP1 attenuates non-small cell lung cancer tumorigenesis via N6-methyladenosine modification. Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers 5 38427468
2024 Silencing of KIAA1429, a N6-methyladenine methyltransferase, inhibits the progression of colon adenocarcinoma via blocking the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signalling pathway. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 5 39215765
2024 Eosinophil extracellular traps drive T follicular helper cell differentiation via VIRMA-dependent MAF stabilization in bullous pemphigoid. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 5 39490750
2025 KIAA1429 Promotes Keloid Formation Through the TGF-Β1/Smad Pathway. Current molecular medicine 4 39513311
2025 m6A transferase KIAA1429 mediates the upregulation of LncRNA LINC00968 promoting the progression of gastric cancer cells. Hereditas 4 40069867
2025 IL-6/KIAA1429 promotes ferroptosis resistance in endometrial cancer through m6A modification of DDIT3. Cellular signalling 4 40436288
2025 Phosphorylation of KIAA1429 promotes oxaliplatin resistance through activating the FZD7-Wnt signaling in BRAFV600E-mutated colorectal cancer. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 4 40611274
2024 KIAA1429 promotes the malignancy of oral squamous cell carcinoma by regulating CA9 m6A methylation. Cytotechnology 4 39188646
2024 Mechanism of the KIAA1429/KLF1/PD-L1 Axis in Regulating Immune Escape in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Cell biochemistry and biophysics 4 39499390
2025 The regulatory role of KIAA1429 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cervical cancer via mediating m6A modification of BTG2. Cytotechnology 3 39760059
2023 KIAA1429 facilitates progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating m6A levels in HPN. Heliyon 3 38058614
2025 Acetylated KIAA1429 by TIP60 facilitates metastasis and immune evasion of hepatocellular carcinoma via N6-methyladenosine-KDM5B-mediated regulation of FoxO1. Cell death discovery 2 40301310
2025 VIRMA-mediated m6A modification regulates forebrain formation through modulating ribosome biogenesis. Science advances 2 40577453
2025 KIAA1429 promotes non-small-cell lung cancer cell proliferation through the TRERNA1/HOXA6 axis. Scientific reports 2 40640307
2025 The Multifaceted Role of VIRMA, a Core Component of the Methyltransferase Complex, in Cancer and Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2 40723784
2025 Long non-coding RNA FEZF1-AS1 suppresses ferroptosis in multiple myeloma cells through KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification. Human cell 2 41085851
2024 Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Contributes to Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Upregulation of KIAA1429 Methyltransferase and mRNA m6A Hypermethylation of HSPG2/Perlecan. Molecular carcinogenesis 2 39412412
2024 The methyltransferase KIAA1429 potentiates cervical cancer tumorigenesis via modulating LARP1 mRNA m6A modification and stability. Histology and histopathology 2 39558874
2025 VIRMA-Mediated the m6A Methylation of SCD Facilitates Wilms' Tumor Progression via AMPK Pathway. DNA and cell biology 1 40040483
2025 VIRMA Accelerates the Tumorigenesis of Prostate Cancer via Regulating the m6A Modification of NSMCE2 to Eliminate the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species. International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 1 40459180
2025 KIAA1429 Silencing ameliorates osteosarcoma progression through promoting ferroptosis via Nrf2/NQO1 axis. Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] 1 40844619
2025 VIRMA-mediated SHQ1 m6A modification enhances liver regeneration through an HNRNPA2B1-dependent mechanism. Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B 1 41132854
2025 KIAA1429-mediated M6A methylation inhibits osteoclast differentiation via stabilizing Lrp4 mRNA and protects against osteoporosis. Cellular & molecular biology letters 1 41146006
2025 Y10 phosphorylation of LDHA promotes the release of extracellular vesicle-derived circSEPT9 to enhance the chemoresistance of triple negative breast cancer cells via modulation of the miR-515-5p/KIAA1429 axis. Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy 1 41237467
2024 Hirschsprung's disease: m6A methylase VIRMA suppresses cell migration and proliferation by regulating GSK3β. Pediatric research 1 38658662
2026 VIRMA/IGF2BP3-mediated ANLN upregulation promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma growth by forming a positive feedback loop with RhoA/YAP1/TEAD1 signaling pathway. Cell death & disease 0 41513610
2025 VIRMA promotes NSCLC progression by modifying ADAR m6A and increasing the activity of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Scientific reports 0 40254620
2025 VIRMA utilizes m6A-IGF2BP2 to mediate NDRG1, thereby increasing sensitivity to iron-chelating agents and subsequently inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cellular signalling 0 40581266
2025 The Role and Mechanism of KIAA1429-Mediated m6A Modification in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Molecular carcinogenesis 0 40705960
2025 KIAA1429 in non-small cell lung cancer: bridging m6A epigenetics to therapeutic innovation. Frontiers in surgery 0 41190085
2025 KIAA1429 impairs anti-tumor immunity via regulation of PD-L1 and CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer. Scientific reports 0 41345190

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