Affinage

PTPRG

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase gamma · UniProt P23470

Length
1445 aa
Mass
162.0 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
47 papers in source corpus 16 papers cited in narrative 16 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

PTPRG is a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase that functions as a broad-specificity negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, with roles spanning vascular physiology, neuronal development, and tumor suppression. Its extracellular carbonic anhydrase-like domain binds contactins 3–6 via a beta-hairpin loop contacting the Ig2–Ig3 horseshoe of the contactin and senses extracellular HCO₃⁻ in endothelial cells to modulate Ca²⁺-dependent vasorelaxation (PMID:20133774, PMID:32955439). The intracellular catalytic domain (catalytic residue Cys1060) directly dephosphorylates multiple RTKs—EGFR at Y1068/Y1086, FGFR1, and AXL (the last facilitated by OPCML-mediated lipid-domain recruitment)—thereby suppressing PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling, proliferation, migration, and invasion, while also auto-dephosphorylating at Y1307 in its D2 domain (PMID:23029056, PMID:25970784, PMID:29371290, PMID:29907679). In neurons, PTPRG interacts with the m6A methyltransferase VIRMA to inhibit PRKN translation and mitophagy, and acts as a negative regulator of axonal regeneration; loss-of-function PTPRG variants associate with increased risk of ischemic cerebrovascular and cardiac events (PMID:38325728, PMID:41323734, PMID:32955439).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 2010 High

    Determining how PTPRG's extracellular domain engages ligands established that the carbonic anhydrase-like domain binds contactins 3–6 (but not CNTN1/2) through a beta-hairpin loop contacting the Ig2–Ig3 horseshoe, distinguishing PTPRG from the related phosphatase PTPRZ.

    Evidence Crystal structures of PTPRG CAH domain alone and in complex with CNTN4 Ig repeats, plus direct binding assays

    PMID:20133774

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of contactin binding on PTPRG phosphatase activity not determined
    • No structural data for CNTN3/5/6 complexes
    • Trans vs. cis signaling mode unresolved
  2. 2010 Medium

    Demonstrating that PTPRG overexpression suppresses tumor growth in vivo and reduces ERK1/2 phosphorylation while upregulating p21/p27 established PTPRG as a proliferation-suppressive phosphatase acting through the MAPK/ERK pathway.

    Evidence PTPRG overexpression in MCF-7 cells, athymic nude mouse xenograft, phospho-ERK and p21/p27 western blot

    PMID:20651337

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct ERK dephosphorylation vs. indirect effect through upstream RTKs not distinguished
    • Only tested in one breast cancer cell line
  3. 2012 High

    Mapping the catalytic mechanism showed that Cys1060 and Asp1028 are essential for phosphatase activity and that PTPRG auto-dephosphorylates at Y1307 in its D2 domain, revealing an intrinsic regulatory mechanism.

    Evidence In vitro phosphatase assay with purified protein, C1060S/D1028A mutagenesis, truncation mapping of Y1307, knock-in mouse

    PMID:23029056

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional significance of Y1307 auto-dephosphorylation for downstream signaling unknown
    • No structural basis for D2-domain regulation
  4. 2014 Medium

    Identifying RREB1 as a RAS-responsive transcription factor that binds the PTPRG promoter under demethylating conditions, while PTPRG expression reduces phospho-ERK, established a negative feedback loop between RAS/ERK signaling and PTPRG expression.

    Evidence ChIP for RREB1 at PTPRG promoter, phospho-ERK western blot in 293 cells, methylation profiling

    PMID:24496747

    Open questions at the time
    • Feedback loop not demonstrated in a single endogenous system
    • Quantitative impact on RAS signaling dynamics unclear
  5. 2015 Medium

    Showing that PTPRG directly dephosphorylates EGFR at Y1068 and Y1086 to inactivate PI3K/Akt and suppress VEGF/IL-6/IL-8 identified specific substrate sites and linked PTPRG to anti-angiogenic tumor suppression.

    Evidence Co-IP of PTPRG–EGFR, phospho-site-specific western blot, in vivo xenograft in NPC cells

    PMID:25970784

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct in vitro dephosphorylation with purified proteins not shown
    • Selectivity among EGFR phosphosites not comprehensively profiled
  6. 2018 High

    Proximity labeling identified FGFR1 as a direct PTPRG substrate at the plasma membrane, and PTPRG depletion increased FGFR1 phosphorylation and reduced FGFR inhibitor efficacy, broadening the RTK substrate repertoire and revealing pharmacological relevance.

    Evidence BioID + quantitative MS, co-localization, phospho-western after KD, cell growth assay in osteosarcoma cells

    PMID:29371290

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific FGFR1 phospho-sites dephosphorylated not mapped
    • Whether PTPRG also dephosphorylates FGFR2/3/4 untested
  7. 2018 High

    Demonstrating that OPCML recruits AXL to cholesterol-rich lipid domains where PTPRG resides, enabling AXL dephosphorylation that blocks cMET/EGFR transactivation and EMT, revealed a lipid-domain-dependent substrate access mechanism.

    Evidence Lipid domain fractionation, co-IP of AXL–OPCML, phospho-AXL/ERK western blot, migration/invasion assays, in vivo combination with AXL inhibitor

    PMID:29907679

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PTPRG is constitutively in lipid rafts or dynamically recruited is unresolved
    • Structural basis for PTPRG–AXL recognition unknown
  8. 2018 Medium

    CRISPR knockout of PTPRG in CML cells reduced nilotinib sensitivity and enhanced BCR-ABL1-dependent transformation, establishing PTPRG as a modifier of tyrosine kinase inhibitor response in leukemia.

    Evidence CRISPR/Cas9 KO and overexpression in CML cell lines, nilotinib dose–response, transformation assay

    PMID:29507701

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct dephosphorylation of BCR-ABL1 by PTPRG not biochemically demonstrated
    • Clinical relevance of PTPRG expression level for TKI response not validated in patient cohorts
  9. 2020 High

    Knockout mouse studies established that PTPRG functions as an endothelial HCO₃⁻ sensor that enhances Ca²⁺ signaling and vasorelaxation, linking PTPRG to cardiovascular physiology and ischemic disease risk in humans.

    Evidence PTPRG KO mice, Ca²⁺ imaging in resistance artery endothelium, vascular tension assays, cerebral perfusion measurements, human genetic association study

    PMID:32955439

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism of HCO₃⁻ sensing by the extracellular domain not resolved
    • Whether phosphatase activity is required for vascular function not tested
  10. 2024 Medium

    Discovery that PTPRG physically binds and upregulates the m6A writer VIRMA, leading to reduced PRKN translation and suppressed mitophagy in Alzheimer's disease neurons, revealed a non-canonical PTPRG function in RNA modification.

    Evidence Co-IP in 5xFAD mouse brain tissue, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, in vivo validation

    PMID:38325728

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PTPRG phosphatase activity is required for VIRMA interaction and stabilization unknown
    • Mechanism by which PTPRG upregulates VIRMA not defined
    • Not replicated in human tissue
  11. 2025 Medium

    siRNA knockdown of PTPRG in DRG neurons enhanced neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration, identifying PTPRG as a negative regulator of peripheral nerve regeneration and linking it to metabolic pathway remodeling and PROX1 expression.

    Evidence siRNA KD in rat DRG neurons and explants, neurite outgrowth quantification, RNA-seq pathway analysis

    PMID:41323734

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct PTPRG substrates mediating regeneration suppression not identified
    • In vivo nerve injury model not performed
    • Whether catalytic activity or extracellular contactin binding mediates the effect is unknown

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key open questions include the molecular mechanism of HCO₃⁻ sensing by the extracellular domain, the structural basis for RTK substrate selectivity, whether phosphatase activity is required for the VIRMA interaction and vascular functions, and the physiological role of Y1307 auto-dephosphorylation.
  • No structural model of the full-length receptor or its orientation in the membrane
  • Comprehensive phosphoproteomics to define the full substrate spectrum not performed
  • Relationship between contactin binding and intracellular catalytic regulation unresolved

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 5 GO:0140299 molecular sensor activity 1
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3 GO:0005634 nucleus 1
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 7 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4
Partners
AXLCNTN3CNTN4CNTN5CNTN6EGFRFGFR1VIRMA

Evidence

Reading pass · 16 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2010 PTPRG and PTPRZ bind distinct members of the contactin family: PTPRZ binds only CNTN1, whereas PTPRG interacts with CNTN3, 4, 5, and 6. Crystal structures of the carbonic anhydrase-like (CAH) domain of PTPRG and its complex with the N-terminal immunoglobulin repeats of CNTN4 reveal that the CAH domain contacts a binding site formed by the horseshoe-like Ig2-Ig3 conformation of CNTNs, mediated by an extended beta-hairpin loop on PTPRG. Crystal structure determination, direct binding assay, structural mutagenesis inference Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 20133774
2015 PTPRG dephosphorylates EGFR at Y1068 and Y1086, inactivating the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade and downstream pro-angiogenic/invasive proteins (VEGF, IL-6, IL-8), thereby suppressing NPC tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Co-immunoprecipitation (PTPRG-EGFR interaction), phospho-site-specific western blot, Akt knockdown rescue, in vivo xenograft Oncotarget Medium 25970784
2018 PTPRG directly interacts with and dephosphorylates activated FGFR1 at the plasma membrane in osteosarcoma cells; PTPRG depletion increases FGFR1 phosphorylation, elevates FGF1-stimulated cell growth, and reduces efficacy of FGFR kinase inhibitors. Proximity-dependent biotin labeling (BioID) + quantitative MS, co-localization by fluorescence microscopy, phospho-western blot after KD, cell growth assay Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP High 29371290
2018 PTPRG localizes to cholesterol-rich lipid domains and dephosphorylates the RTK AXL, which is recruited to these domains by the GPI-anchored tumor suppressor OPCML upon Gas6-mediated AXL activation. PTPRG-mediated AXL de-phosphorylation prevents AXL-dependent transactivation of cMET and EGFR, inhibits sustained phospho-ERK signaling, Slug induction, and EMT-associated cell migration and invasion. Co-immunoprecipitation (AXL-OPCML), lipid domain fractionation, phospho-western blot (AXL, ERK), migration/invasion assays, in vitro and in vivo AXL inhibitor combination EMBO reports High 29907679
2012 PTPRG has intrinsic tyrosine phosphatase activity; catalytic-site mutants C1060S and D1028A are completely inactive. Wild-type PTPRG auto-dephosphorylates at Y1307 in its D2 domain, as mapped by truncation and mutagenesis studies and confirmed by in vitro dephosphorylation assay. Substrate-trapping mutants (C1060S, D1028A) retain a phosphorylated tyrosine that wild-type PTPRG removes, confirming the catalytic mechanism. In vitro phosphatase assay with purified protein, active-site mutagenesis (C1060S, D1028A), truncation mapping, knock-in mouse (KI C1060S), behavioral phenotyping PloS one High 23029056
2020 Endothelial cells express PTPRG (RPTPγ), which senses HCO3- and enhances intracellular Ca2+ responses in resistance arteries, facilitating endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation only when CO2/HCO3- is present. RPTPγ limits cerebral perfusion increases during neuronal activity, amplifies hyperventilation-induced blood pressure elevations, and loss-of-function PTPRG variants associate with increased risk of cerebral infarction and heart attack. Transgenic mouse experiments (RPTPγ knockout), Ca2+ imaging in resistance artery endothelial cells, vascular tension assays, cerebral perfusion measurement, human genetic association eLife High 32955439
2010 Overexpression of PTPRG in breast cancer cells (MCF-7) inhibits tumor formation in vivo, upregulates p21(cip) and p27(kip) proteins, delays cell cycle re-entry after serum starvation, and reduces ERK1/2 phosphorylation, indicating that PTPRG suppresses proliferation through the ERK1/2 pathway. Athymic nude mouse xenograft, western blot for p21/p27 and phospho-ERK1/2, cell cycle re-entry assay, PTPRG overexpression Anticancer research Medium 20651337
2014 PTPRG expression induces dephosphorylation of ERK (a downstream RAS target) in 293 cells, and PTPRG expression is upregulated by RAS activation under DNA hypomethylating conditions via binding of the RAS-responsive transcription factor RREB1 to an element within the PTPRG promoter. PTPRG expression in 293 cells with phospho-ERK western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) for RREB1 at PTPRG promoter, methylation profiling International journal of cancer Medium 24496747
2018 PTPRG positively modulates nilotinib response in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML): CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of PTPRG reduces nilotinib sensitivity and enhances BCR-ABL1-dependent transformation, while PTPRG overexpression has the opposite effect, indicating PTPRG antagonizes BCR-ABL1 kinase signaling. CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout, PTPRG overexpression in CML cell lines, nilotinib sensitivity assay, transformation assay Oncotarget Medium 29507701
2013 PTPRG binds contactins 4, 5, and 6 through conserved interactive residues in the Ig2 and Ig3 domains of the contactins (despite conformational differences in omega loops); contactins 4 and 6 increase neurite length while contactin 5 increases neurite branching in rat cortical neurons, but these differential effects are not due to distinct PTPRG binding. 3D structural modeling of CNTN-PTPRG complexes, co-culture neurite outgrowth assay (rat cortical neurons + HEK293 cells secreting contactins), quantitative image analysis Biology open Medium 23519440
2013 PTPRG isoforms are expressed in adult mouse brain neurons and some astrocytes; at least two distinct isoforms co-exist in different compartments of the same neuron (N-terminal domain positivity in soma without C-terminal counterpart, both in neuropil). Astrocytic PTPRG expression (and putative ~120 and ~80 kDa processing isoforms) increases during neuroinflammation (LPS treatment and Alzheimer's disease mouse model). Immunofluorescence with domain-specific antibodies, western blot of brain fractions, LPS neuroinflammation model, 5xFAD Alzheimer's mouse model Brain structure & function Medium 23536318
2024 In neurons, PTPRG physically interacts with the m6A methyltransferase VIRMA, upregulating it, which inhibits translation of PRKN mRNA (encoding Parkin), thereby suppressing mitophagy and contributing to neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. This PTPRG-VIRMA-PRKN pathway was validated by co-immunoprecipitation in mouse brain tissue. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, co-immunoprecipitation in mouse brain (5xFAD), in vivo validation in 5xFAD mice, western blot Pharmacological research Medium 38325728
2014 A heterozygous loss-of-function mutation in PTPRG, combined with a PDGFRB activating mutation, results in full penetrance of infantile myofibromatosis, suggesting PTPRG dephosphorylates PDGFRB and its partial loss removes a brake on PDGFRB-driven tumor growth. Exome sequencing, family-based genetic analysis, functional inference from known PTPRG-PDGFRB phosphatase relationship Genetics and molecular research : GMR Low 25158255
2016 miR-19b directly suppresses PTPRG protein expression by binding two sites in the 3'-UTR of PTPRG mRNA, and this inhibition of PTPRG promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and reduces apoptosis. miR-19b overexpression/knockdown in MCF-7 and MDA-231 cells, western blot for PTPRG, luciferase 3'-UTR reporter assay, proliferation and migration assays Oncotarget Medium 27602768
2025 siRNA-mediated knockdown of PTPRG in cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and explants enhances neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration, associated with activation of metabolism-related pathways and altered expression of the transcription factor PROX1, identifying PTPRG as a negative regulator of axonal regeneration. siRNA knockdown in rat DRG neurons and explants, neurite outgrowth assay, RNA sequencing for pathway analysis Frontiers in cell and developmental biology Medium 41323734
2010 Methylation of PTPRG intron 1 is associated with absence of CTCF insulator protein binding at that locus (demonstrated by ChIP), suggesting that PTPRG intron 1 methylation disrupts CTCF-mediated chromatin insulation rather than directly silencing PTPRG transcription. CpG island microarray, bisulfite sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) for CTCF European journal of human genetics : EJHG Medium 21150880

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 47 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 Epigenetic profiling of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: promoter hypermethylation of multiple tumor suppressor genes including BCL7a, PTPRG, and p73. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 186 15897551
2010 The protein tyrosine phosphatases PTPRZ and PTPRG bind to distinct members of the contactin family of neural recognition molecules. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106 20133774
2016 Family-based association analyses of imputed genotypes reveal genome-wide significant association of Alzheimer's disease with OSBPL6, PTPRG, and PDCL3. Molecular psychiatry 78 26830138
1996 The FHIT and PTPRG genes are deleted in benign proliferative breast disease associated with familial breast cancer and cytogenetic rearrangements of chromosome band 3p14. Cancer research 66 8895736
2019 Long noncoding RNA PTPRG-AS1 acts as a microRNA-194-3p sponge to regulate radiosensitivity and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via PRC1. Journal of cellular physiology 54 30993702
2015 PTPRG suppresses tumor growth and invasion via inhibition of Akt signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 43 25970784
2013 Contactin 4, -5 and -6 differentially regulate neuritogenesis while they display identical PTPRG binding sites. Biology open 38 23519440
2019 Circular RNA cMras inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression via modulating miR-567/PTPRG regulatory pathway. Cell proliferation 37 31012177
1993 A homozygous deletion within the carbonic anhydrase-like domain of the Ptprg gene in murine L-cells. Cancer research 37 8453613
1996 Structure of the human receptor tyrosine phosphatase gamma gene (PTPRG) and relation to the familial RCC t(3;8) chromosome translocation. Genomics 35 8833149
2018 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type G (PTPRG) Controls Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) 1 Activity and Influences Sensitivity to FGFR Kinase Inhibitors. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 30 29371290
2018 The tumour suppressor OPCML promotes AXL inactivation by the phosphatase PTPRG in ovarian cancer. EMBO reports 30 29907679
2016 MiR-19b suppresses PTPRG to promote breast tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 26 27602768
2010 Function and regulatory mechanisms of the candidate tumor suppressor receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (PTPRG) in breast cancer cells. Anticancer research 25 20651337
2024 Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals that PTPRG activates the m6A methyltransferase VIRMA to block mitophagy-mediated neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacological research 21 38325728
2013 Distribution of different isoforms of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase γ (Ptprg-RPTP γ) in adult mouse brain: upregulation during neuroinflammation. Brain structure & function 21 23536318
2014 Modulation of expressivity in PDGFRB-related infantile myofibromatosis: a role for PTPRG? Genetics and molecular research : GMR 20 25158255
2022 A Comprehensive Review of Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase Gamma (PTPRG) Role in Health and Non-Neoplastic Disease. Biomolecules 18 35053232
2020 PTPRG is an ischemia risk locus essential for HCO3--dependent regulation of endothelial function and tissue perfusion. eLife 18 32955439
2020 Long Noncoding RNA PTPRG Antisense RNA 1 Reduces Radiosensitivity of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cells Via Regulating MiR-200c-3p/TCF4. Technology in cancer research & treatment 18 33174523
2024 POU2F2-mediated upregulation of lncRNA PTPRG-AS1 inhibits ferroptosis in breast cancer via miR-376c-3p/SLC7A11 axis. Epigenomics 17 38318853
2010 Tumour-specific methylation of PTPRG intron 1 locus in sporadic and Lynch syndrome colorectal cancer. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 17 21150880
2022 LncRNA PTPRG-AS1 facilitates glycolysis and stemness properties of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells through miR-599/PDK1 axis. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 16 34676588
2020 Long non-coding RNA PTPRG-AS1 promotes cell tumorigenicity in epithelial ovarian cancer by decoying microRNA-545-3p and consequently enhancing HDAC4 expression. Journal of ovarian research 15 33099316
2013 Association of transcription factor 4 (TCF4) and protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type G (PTPRG) with corneal dystrophies in southern Chinese. Ophthalmic genetics 15 23758498
2022 Long non-coding RNA PTPRG-AS1/microRNA-124-3p regulates radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via the LIM Homeobox 2-dependent Notch pathway through competitive endogenous RNA mechanism. Bioengineered 13 35300558
2018 PTPRG and PTPRC modulate nilotinib response in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Oncotarget 12 29507701
2014 Association of common variants in TCF4 and PTPRG with Fuchs' corneal dystrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one 12 25299301
2014 PTPRG inhibition by DNA methylation and cooperation with RAS gene activation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. International journal of cancer 11 24496747
2022 Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Identified PTPRG and CHL1 as Key Regulators of Immunophenotypes in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma(ccRCC). Frontiers in oncology 9 35433461
2021 Long Noncoding RNAs PTPRG Antisense RNA 1 Targets Cyclin D1 to Facilitate Cell Proliferation in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals 9 34767727
2020 Aberrant DNA methylation of PTPRG as one possible mechanism of its under-expression in CML patients in the State of Qatar. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 9 32700424
2012 Characterization of PTPRG in knockdown and phosphatase-inactive mutant mice and substrate trapping analysis of PTPRG in mammalian cells. PloS one 8 23029056
2022 Oxidative Phosphorylation-Related Signature Participates in Cancer Development, and PTPRG Overexpression Suppresses the Cancer Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Journal of immunology research 6 36405010
2021 LncRNA PTPRG-AS1 Promotes the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Enhancing YWHAG. Journal of oncology 5 34876904
2021 Description of PTPRG genetic variants identified in a cohort of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia patients and their ability to influence response to Tyrosine kinase Inhibitors. Gene 5 34906644
2025 PTPRG-AS1 regulates the KITLG/KIT pathway through the ceRNA axis to promote the malignant progression of gastric cancer and the intervention effect of Compound Kushen injection on it. Pharmacological research 2 40250508
2024 LncRNA PTPRG-AS1 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Modulating the miR-4659a-3p/QPCT Axis. OncoTargets and therapy 2 39380914
2024 Mechanism of HOXA10 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation through the PTPRG-AS1/USP1 axis. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 2 39445487
2019 Retracted Article: Long noncoding RNA PTPRG-AS1 regulates growth of glioma cells by sponging miR-185-5p. RSC advances 2 35515299
2026 Long Non-Coding RNA PTPRG-AS1 Promotes Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells via Modulation of the IGF1/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Molecular carcinogenesis 0 41911437
2026 Cell-Type-Resolved Pseudobulk Classification Across Independent Cohorts Identifies Microglial PTPRG as a Transcriptional Hub in Alzheimer's Disease. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 0 41993387
2025 miR-23b is a negative regulator of tumor suppressing PTPRG in colorectal cancer. Translational oncology 0 40561798
2025 Single-cell profiling uncovers PTPRG-driven stemness in malignant plasma cells and signatures of treatment failure in multiple myeloma. Frontiers in immunology 0 41050668
2025 Knocking down tumor suppressor gene PTPRG enhances axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 0 41323734
2021 Retraction: Long noncoding RNA PTPRG-AS1 regulates growth of glioma cells by sponging miR-185-5p. RSC advances 0 35685905
2008 [Methylation of PTPRG gene and its regulation in gastric cancer]. Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology] 0 18646686