Affinage

RALY

RNA-binding protein Raly · UniProt Q9UKM9

Length
306 aa
Mass
32.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
30 papers in source corpus 24 papers cited in narrative 24 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RALY is a poly-U-binding hnRNP-family RNA-binding protein that operates as a multi-level post-transcriptional regulator and protein-stability scaffold (PMID:9376072, PMID:28379492). Through its RNA recognition motifs it binds U-rich elements in 3′UTRs to stabilize specific target mRNAs—including ANXA1, H1FX, and E2F1, the last coupling RALY to transcription and cell-cycle progression (PMID:28379492, PMID:28972179). RALY also controls alternative splicing of multiple pre-mRNAs, promoting oncogenic isoform switches by cooperating with partner splicing factors: it drives PRMT1 exon 2 inclusion, partners with SF3B3 to shift MTA1 splicing, and with PTBP1 to alter DNMT3B exon 5 usage (PMID:28733251, PMID:35490918, PMID:39287090). It associates with the Drosha complex and recognizes m6A-modified pri-miRNA terminal loops to promote processing of specific miRNAs under ROS stress (PMID:33219048). Beyond RNA metabolism, RALY functions as a deubiquitinase-recruiting scaffold that stabilizes oncoproteins: it bridges USP7 to Mdm2 to promote p53 degradation, and homodimerizes to bridge USP22 to c-Myc, an assembly licensed by Akt phosphorylation at S106/T160 (PMID:36952348, PMID:42215722). RALY's own abundance is governed post-translationally by SUMO1 conjugation via UBA2, by O-GlcNAcylation at Ser176 that antagonizes TRIM27-mediated ubiquitination, and by USP11-mediated deubiquitination (PMID:37906341, PMID:38993567, PMID:40972883). It additionally binds non-polyadenylated TERRA to maintain telomere integrity and acts in antiviral defense by promoting autophagic degradation of viral nucleocapsid protein and by blocking IRES-driven translation (PMID:37060569, PMID:35753351, PMID:38323828). Collectively these activities position RALY as an oncogenic hub linking RNA processing to protein stability across multiple cancers.

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 14 steps
  1. 1997 Low

    Established RALY as an hnRNP-family member by identifying canonical RNA-binding motifs, framing it as a candidate post-transcriptional regulator.

    Evidence Anchored RT-PCR and sequence/Northern analysis of the human p542 gene

    PMID:9376072

    Open questions at the time
    • sequence-based only, no functional reconstitution
    • no RNA targets identified
    • no cellular role demonstrated
  2. 2011 Medium

    Connected RALY to chemoresistance by showing it physically partners with YB-1 and modulates oxaliplatin sensitivity.

    Evidence Tagged YB-1 pulldown with MS and siRNA drug-response assays in colorectal cancer cells

    PMID:22118625

    Open questions at the time
    • mechanism linking YB-1 interaction to resistance unresolved
    • no RNA target of the RALY-YB-1 axis defined
  3. 2013 Medium

    Defined the RALY interactome and distinguished RNA-dependent from direct protein partners, placing it within mRNP and splicing-associated complexes.

    Evidence In vivo biotinylation-pulldown with RNase controls and quantitative MS

    PMID:23614458

    Open questions at the time
    • functional consequence of each interaction not tested
    • no structural basis for direct binding
  4. 2017 Medium

    Demonstrated RALY is a poly-U binding protein that stabilizes 3′UTR target mRNAs and couples to transcription/cell cycle, establishing its core post-transcriptional function.

    Evidence RIP-seq, knockdown with mRNA/protein readouts, and chromatin association and RNA-stability assays for ANXA1, H1FX, and E2F1

    PMID:28379492 PMID:28972179

    Open questions at the time
    • binding-element consensus not fully defined
    • mechanism of mRNA stabilization (decay factor competition) not resolved
  5. 2017 Medium

    Extended RALY's repertoire to alternative splicing by showing it promotes a pro-invasive PRMT1 isoform switch with functional rescue.

    Evidence RNAi screen, RIP, isoform RT-PCR, and invasion rescue in breast cancer cells

    PMID:28733251

    Open questions at the time
    • splicing-factor cofactors not yet identified
    • direct exon-binding site mapping incomplete
  6. 2018 Medium

    Linked RALY to motor-neuron RNA biology via PRMT1 regulation and RNA-dependent interaction with FUS, affecting FUS localization and aggregation.

    Evidence RIP, RALY knockout, and FUS localization assays in motor neurons

    PMID:30354839

    Open questions at the time
    • disease relevance to ALS not established by causative genetics
    • NLS-dependent co-trafficking mechanism only partly defined
  7. 2020 High

    Revealed RALY as a Drosha-complex regulatory component that reads m6A on pri-miRNA loops to direct miRNA processing controlling mitochondrial metabolism.

    Evidence Co-IP, pri-miRNA processing and m6A-inhibition assays in cell, xenograft and organoid models

    PMID:33219048

    Open questions at the time
    • direct m6A-reader biochemistry vs. recruited reader not distinguished
    • structural basis of terminal-loop recognition unknown
  8. 2021 Medium

    Showed RALY can act at chromatin/promoters by binding RNA Pol II and the Ehmt2 promoter to drive G9a transcription in a pain model.

    Evidence ChIP, RIP, and lncRNA rescue with behavioral assays in DRG neurons and mice

    PMID:34383386

    Open questions at the time
    • direct vs. lncRNA-bridged promoter binding unresolved
    • generality of transcriptional role beyond DRG unclear
  9. 2022 Medium

    Broadened the splicing function (MTA1 via SF3B3; FOS) and added antiviral roles, showing RALY routes a viral nucleocapsid to autophagic degradation.

    Evidence Co-IP, splicing reporters, RNA-seq, and autophagy/viral replication assays

    PMID:35490918 PMID:35753351 PMID:35941292

    Open questions at the time
    • FOS pre-mRNA binding not directly demonstrated (#11 Low)
    • MARCH8/NDP52 pathway directionality vs. RALY's RNA roles not integrated
  10. 2023 High

    Identified RALY as a deubiquitinase scaffold and SUMO-regulated protein, recruiting USP7 to stabilize Mdm2 (degrading p53) and being stabilized by SUMO1 to amplify oncogenic output.

    Evidence In vitro deubiquitination/ubiquitination assays, Co-IP, SUMOylation assays, and in vivo tumor models

    PMID:36952348 PMID:37906341

    Open questions at the time
    • structural basis of the RALY-USP7-Mdm2 ternary complex unknown
    • SUMO acceptor-site requirement for scaffold function untested
  11. 2023 Medium

    Established a non-coding RNA role at telomeres by showing RALY preferentially stabilizes non-polyadenylated TERRA in interplay with PABPN1 to maintain telomere integrity.

    Evidence RALY depletion, RNA FISH, and polyadenylation-specific pulldown/Co-IP

    PMID:37060569

    Open questions at the time
    • how RALY discriminates polyadenylation state mechanistically unclear
    • telomere-damage causality vs. correlation not fully resolved
  12. 2024 Medium

    Mapped post-translational control of RALY (O-GlcNAc at Ser176 vs. TRIM27 ubiquitination) and expanded its m6A-coupled mRNA-stabilizing and splicing functions across cancers.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis, RIP, m6A-RIP, ubiquitination assays, and in vivo models for USP22, DNMT3B, PLD2 targets

    PMID:38323828 PMID:38880454 PMID:38993567 PMID:39287090

    Open questions at the time
    • crosstalk among SUMO, O-GlcNAc, and ubiquitin modifications not integrated
    • stoichiometry of m6A-reader cooperation with RBM15b undefined
  13. 2026 High

    Resolved the c-Myc-stabilizing mechanism: RALY homodimerizes and, when Akt-phosphorylated at S106/T160, bridges USP22 to c-Myc, a complex druggable by a disrupting peptide.

    Evidence Akt kinase assay, S106A/T160A mutagenesis, ternary-complex Co-IP, ubiquitination assays, and peptide-inhibitor tumor models

    PMID:42215722

    Open questions at the time
    • structural model of the RALY dimer-USP22-c-Myc assembly absent
    • selectivity of phospho-control across other RALY scaffold targets untested
  14. 2026 Low

    Added further mRNA-stability and splicing targets (USP11-stabilized RALY→FXYD5; Snail; tRF-guided SPAG4 splicing; DSCR1 promoter repression) linking RALY to metabolism, EMT and tumor signaling.

    Evidence Co-IP, RIP, splicing/stability assays, metabolic and migration assays across pancreatic, hepatic and gastric cancer models

    PMID:40972883 PMID:41525744 PMID:41650853 PMID:41872130

    Open questions at the time
    • several targets rest on single-method RIP without reciprocal validation
    • DSCR1 knockdown gave no effect, weakening the repression model
    • tRF-3005a mechanism of modifying RALY activity undefined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How RALY's distinct activities—mRNA stabilization, splicing, miRNA processing, chromatin/promoter binding, and deubiquitinase scaffolding—are coordinated and partitioned within the cell remains unresolved.
  • no structure of RALY bound to RNA or to scaffold partners
  • no unified model for how PTMs switch RALY between RNA and protein-scaffold modes
  • determinants of target selectivity unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003723 RNA binding 10 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3 GO:0003677 DNA binding 2 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 2
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 1
Pathway
R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 6 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 2
Partners
FUSMDM2MYCPTBP1SF3B3USP11USP22USP7
Complex memberships
Drosha microprocessor complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 24 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1997 The human p542 gene (RALY/HNRPCL2) encodes a protein with RNA-binding motifs characteristic of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), as determined by sequence homology analysis and RT-PCR confirming structural features including RNA recognition motifs. Anchored RT-PCR, sequence analysis, Northern blot Journal of autoimmunity Low 9376072
2013 RALY interacts with MATR3, PABP1, and ELAVL1 in an RNA-dependent manner, and with eIF4AIII, FMRP, and hnRNP-C in a protein-protein (RNA-independent) manner, as established by in vivo biotinylation pulldown with and without RNase treatment and quantitative mass spectrometry. In vivo biotinylation-pulldown (iBioPQ) with label-free quantitative MS, RNase treatment controls Journal of proteome research Medium 23614458
2017 RALY binds poly-U-rich elements within the 3′UTR of ANXA1 and H1FX mRNAs, regulating their stability and expression levels. Cells lacking RALY show altered H1FX and ANXA1 mRNA and protein levels, establishing RALY as a poly-U binding protein and post-transcriptional regulator. RIP-seq, knockdown, RT-qPCR, western blot, 3′UTR binding assays Nucleic acids research Medium 28379492
2017 RALY down-regulation reduces E2F1 mRNA stability and E2F1 protein levels, impairs transcription and cell cycle progression in HeLa cells. RALY also interacts with transcriptionally active chromatin in both RNA-dependent and RNA-independent manners, an association abolished without active transcription. siRNA knockdown, RNA stability assays, chromatin association assays, gene expression profiling The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 28972179
2017 RALY binds the PRMT1 pre-mRNA and promotes inclusion of alternative exon 2, increasing abundance of the PRMT1v2 isoform. Knockdown of RALY decreases PRMT1v2 relative expression and reduces invasion in breast cancer cells; re-expression of PRMT1v2 rescues the invasion defect. RNAi screen, RT-PCR isoform analysis, RIP, invasion assays, rescue experiments The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology Medium 28733251
2018 RALY binds PRMT1 mRNA and regulates its expression; RALY down-regulation decreases PRMT1 protein levels, reducing arginine methylation of FUS. RALY knockout enhances nuclear translocation of FUS NLS mutants and decreases aggregate formation. RALY and FUS interact in an RNA-dependent manner in motor neurons; mutations in FUS NLS or RALY NLS reciprocally alter their localization and interaction with target mRNAs. RIP, western blot, immunofluorescence, RALY knockout, FUS localization assays in motor neurons Molecular biology of the cell Medium 30354839
2020 RALY acts as a regulatory component of the Drosha complex and promotes post-transcriptional processing of specific miRNAs (miR-483, miR-676, miR-877), which then downregulate mitochondrial metabolism genes (ATP5I, ATP5G1, ATP5G3, CYC1). This miRNA processing is facilitated by N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of pri-miRNA terminal loops under ROS stress; inhibition of m6A methylation abolishes RALY recognition of pri-miRNA terminal loops. Co-immunoprecipitation, pri-miRNA processing assays, m6A inhibition, cell line/xenograft/organoid models, metabolic assays Gut High 33219048
2011 RALY physically interacts with YB-1 (identified by mass spectrometry after tagged-YB-1 pulldown). Depletion of RALY sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin and counteracts YB-1-overexpression-mediated oxaliplatin resistance. Tagged pulldown with mass spectrometry, siRNA knockdown, drug dose-response assays Molecular cancer Medium 22118625
2021 RALY binds to RNA polymerase II and the Ehmt2 gene promoter, enhancing Ehmt2 (G9a) transcription in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Downregulation of DS-lncRNA promotes increased RALY binding to these genomic elements, elevating G9a and consequently reducing opioid receptor and Kcna2 expression to cause neuropathic pain. ChIP, RIP, lncRNA rescue/overexpression in DRG neurons, behavioral assays in mice Advanced science Medium 34383386
2022 RALY cooperates with splicing factor SF3B3 to regulate the alternative splicing switch of MTA1 from MTA1-S to MTA1-L isoform in hepatocellular carcinoma, reducing MTA1-S levels and alleviating its inhibitory effect on cholesterol synthesis genes to promote cancer cell proliferation. Co-immunoprecipitation, splicing reporter assays, gain/loss-of-function, RT-PCR isoform analysis Cancer letters Medium 35490918
2022 RALY interacts with the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH8 and the cargo receptor NDP52, and promotes degradation of the PEDV nucleocapsid (N) protein via a RALY-MARCH8-NDP52-autophagosome pathway, thereby inhibiting viral replication. Co-immunoprecipitation, autophagy assays, viral replication assays, knockdown/overexpression The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 35753351
2022 RALY regulates alternative splicing of FOS pre-mRNA and negatively modulates expression of FOS and FOSB transcription factors, affecting immune/inflammatory response gene expression including suppression of IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, IFI44, HERC4, and OASL in HeLa cells. RALY overexpression, RNA-seq transcriptome analysis, RT-qPCR validation, alternative splicing analysis Genes and immunity Low 35941292
2023 RALY stabilizes non-polyadenylated TERRA transcripts, and its depletion results in lower TERRA levels, impaired TERRA localization at telomeres, and telomere damage. RALY preferentially binds non-polyadenylated TERRA over polyadenylated TERRA. TERRA also interacts with poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1), and TERRA stability is regulated by interplay between RALY and PABPN1 defined by TERRA polyadenylation state. RALY depletion, RNA FISH, TERRA level quantification, polyadenylation-specific pulldown, co-immunoprecipitation Cell reports Medium 37060569
2023 RALY simultaneously binds Mdm2 and the deubiquitinase USP7, stimulating USP7 deubiquitinating activity toward Mdm2 (stabilizing Mdm2) and increasing Mdm2's trans-E3 ligase activity toward p53, resulting in enhanced p53 ubiquitination and degradation. RALY thereby promotes lung tumorigenesis through p53 inhibition. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assays, USP7 activity assays, RALY knockdown/overexpression, in vivo tumor models Cell reports High 36952348
2023 RALY can be SUMOylated by conjugation with SUMO1, facilitated by UBA2. SUMOylation of RALY at an identified site increases its protein stability, which in turn increases FOXD1 mRNA levels; FOXD1 then activates DKK1 transcription promoting glioma vasculogenic mimicry. SUMOylation assays, Co-immunoprecipitation, knockdown/overexpression, RALY stability assays, in vivo tumor models Cell biology and toxicology Medium 37906341
2024 PTBP1 physically interacts with RALY and together they regulate exon 5 splicing of DNMT3B pre-mRNA, shifting the balance from DNMT3B-S to DNMT3B-L isoform. Upregulation of DNMT3B-L induces promoter methylation of DUSP2, suppressing DUSP2 expression and thereby increasing radioresistance in prostate cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, RT-PCR isoform analysis, gain/loss-of-function, promoter methylation assay, in vitro and in vivo irradiation models Advanced science Medium 39287090
2024 RALY directly interacts with phospholipase D2 (PLD2) protein and cooperates with RBM15b to control PLD2 mRNA stability in an m6A-dependent manner, promoting multivesicular body formation and exosome biogenesis to facilitate colorectal cancer metastasis. RIP, Co-IP, m6A-RIP, MVB formation assays, exosome quantification, in vivo metastasis model International journal of biological macromolecules Medium 38880454
2024 O-GlcNAcylation of RALY at Ser176 protects RALY from TRIM27-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, enhancing RALY protein stability. O-GlcNAcylated RALY interacts with USP22 mRNA to increase its cytoplasmic localization and protein expression, promoting HCC cell proliferation. Site-directed mutagenesis (S176 mutation), co-immunoprecipitation, RIP, ubiquitination assays, subcellular fractionation, in vivo xenograft International journal of biological sciences Medium 38993567
2024 RALY binds to domain 3 of the FMDV IRES via its RNA recognition motif, inhibiting IRES-driven translation by blocking 80S ribosome complex formation (rather than 40S ribosome assembly or translation initiation complex assembly). The viral 3C protease counteracts RALY's inhibitory effect via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. RRM mutagenesis, IRES binding assays, ribosome assembly assays, viral replication assays, proteasome inhibition experiments Microbiology spectrum Medium 38323828
2025 The deubiquitinase USP11 interacts with RALY and reduces its ubiquitination level, stabilizing RALY protein. RALY in turn directly binds FXYD5 mRNA (confirmed by RIP) to promote its stability and expression, facilitating aerobic glycolysis and pancreatic cancer progression. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assays, RIP, Seahorse metabolic assays, xenograft model Experimental cell research Medium 40972883
2026 RALY homodimerizes and acts as a scaffold bridging the deubiquitinase USP22 to c-Myc, preventing c-Myc ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Akt phosphorylates RALY at S106 and T160, enabling ternary complex formation among RALY, USP22, and c-Myc to stabilize c-Myc. A synthetic peptide (RAMi) disrupting this complex destabilizes c-Myc. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assays, site-directed mutagenesis (S106A/T160A), Akt kinase assay, peptide inhibitor experiments, in vivo tumor models Cell death and differentiation High 42215722
2026 RALY directly binds to the DSCR1 gene promoter region and suppresses DSCR1 transcriptional activity upon overexpression. Proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS identified RALY as a direct promoter-binding protein. siRNA-mediated knockdown of RALY did not significantly alter DSCR1 levels, indicating complex regulatory dynamics. Bicistronic reporter assay, LC-MS/MS proteomics of promoter-binding proteins, RALY overexpression and siRNA knockdown Biochemical and biophysical research communications Low 41525744
2026 RALY directly binds Snail mRNA to enhance its stability, and also modulates TGF-β signaling to promote Snail transcription, thereby driving epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promoting migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. RIP, mRNA stability assays, TGF-β signaling assays, knockdown/overexpression, migration/invasion assays Biochemical and biophysical research communications Low 41650853
2026 tRF-3005a binds RALY and enhances RALY's interaction with SPAG4 mRNA, suppressing exon 8 skipping of SPAG4 and increasing the SPAG4-L oncogenic isoform, thereby activating GRB14/PI3K/AKT signaling in gastric cancer. RIP, co-immunoprecipitation, splicing analysis, RNA-seq, gain/loss-of-function assays Cell death discovery Low 41872130

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 30 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2020 RNA-binding protein RALY reprogrammes mitochondrial metabolism via mediating miRNA processing in colorectal cancer. Gut 95 33219048
2021 Downregulation of a Dorsal Root Ganglion-Specifically Enriched Long Noncoding RNA is Required for Neuropathic Pain by Negatively Regulating RALY-Triggered Ehmt2 Expression. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 67 34383386
2013 Proteome-wide characterization of the RNA-binding protein RALY-interactome using the in vivo-biotinylation-pulldown-quant (iBioPQ) approach. Journal of proteome research 48 23614458
2011 NONO and RALY proteins are required for YB-1 oxaliplatin induced resistance in colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Molecular cancer 48 22118625
2022 RNA binding protein RALY activates the cholesterol synthesis pathway through an MTA1 splicing switch in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer letters 29 35490918
2017 Identification and dynamic changes of RNAs isolated from RALY-containing ribonucleoprotein complexes. Nucleic acids research 29 28379492
2017 RNA binding protein RALY promotes Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 alternatively spliced isoform v2 relative expression and metastatic potential in breast cancer cells. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 29 28733251
2017 The hnRNP RALY regulates transcription and cell proliferation by modulating the expression of specific factors including the proliferation marker E2F1. The Journal of biological chemistry 27 28972179
2019 The Long Non-coding RNA ZFAS1 Sponges miR-193a-3p to Modulate Hepatoblastoma Growth by Targeting RALY via HGF/c-Met Pathway. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 25 31781561
1997 The p542 gene encodes an autoantigen that cross-reacts with EBNA-1 of the Epstein Barr virus and which may be a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Journal of autoimmunity 25 9376072
2022 RALY regulate the proliferation and expression of immune/inflammatory response genes via alternative splicing of FOS. Genes and immunity 20 35941292
2023 TERRA stability is regulated by RALY and polyadenylation in a telomere-specific manner. Cell reports 18 37060569
2022 Nuclear ribonucleoprotein RALY targets virus nucleocapsid protein and induces autophagy to restrict porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication. The Journal of biological chemistry 17 35753351
2024 PTBP1 Regulates DNMT3B Alternative Splicing by Interacting With RALY to Enhance the Radioresistance of Prostate Cancer. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 16 39287090
2018 The hnRNP RALY regulates PRMT1 expression and interacts with the ALS-linked protein FUS: implication for reciprocal cellular localization. Molecular biology of the cell 16 30354839
2023 The RNA binding protein RALY suppresses p53 activity and promotes lung tumorigenesis. Cell reports 12 36952348
2024 RNA binding protein RALY facilitates colorectal cancer metastasis via enhancing exosome biogenesis in m6A dependent manner. International journal of biological macromolecules 11 38880454
2023 SUMOylation of RALY promotes vasculogenic mimicry in glioma cells via the FOXD1/DKK1 pathway. Cell biology and toxicology 11 37906341
2024 O-GlcNAcylated RALY Contributes to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Proliferation by Regulating USP22 mRNA Nuclear Export. International journal of biological sciences 9 38993567
2023 Effects of the Combination of the C1473G Mutation in the Tph2 Gene and Lethal Yellow Mutations in the Raly-Agouti Locus on Behavior, Brain 5-HT and Melanocortin Systems in Mice. Biomolecules 7 37371543
1999 Alternative processing of the human and mouse raly genes(1). Biochimica et biophysica acta 7 10500250
2024 Nuclear ribonucleoprotein RALY downregulates foot-and-mouth disease virus replication but antagonized by viral 3C protease. Microbiology spectrum 6 38323828
2025 Astragaloside IV Alleviates Colorectal Cancer Metastases by Regulating RALY/PLD2 Axis and Inhibiting Tumoral Exosome Biogenesis. Phytotherapy research : PTR 2 41449865
2026 Identification of RALY as a novel regulator of DSCR1 transcription. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1 41525744
2025 USP11 stabilizes RALY to promote FXYD5-mediated aerobic glycolysis and aggravate pancreatic cancer progression. Experimental cell research 1 40972883
2026 RALY promotes Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in Hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating Snail. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 0 41650853
2026 tRF-3005a regulates exon skipping of SPAG4 by interacting with RALY to drive gastric cancer progression. Cell death discovery 0 41872130
2026 The regulatory mechanisms and clinical translation potential of RNA-binding protein RALY in tumors. Frontiers in oncology 0 42100402
2026 Akt-mediated RALY phosphorylation functions as a molecular switch governing c-Myc stability. Cell death and differentiation 0 42215722
2025 Lethal yellow mutation in the Raly-Agouti locus reduces the energy expenditure in male mice. Neuroscience letters 0 40912352

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