Affinage

NRCAM

Neuronal cell adhesion molecule · UniProt Q92823

Length
1304 aa
Mass
143.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 39 papers cited in narrative 39 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: tie faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

NRCAM (Nr-CAM/Bravo) is a neural transmembrane glycoprotein of the L1/Ig adhesion superfamily, built from six Ig-like domains, five fibronectin type III repeats, a transmembrane segment, and a short ankyrin-binding cytoplasmic tail, that organizes axon guidance, node of Ranvier assembly, and synapse formation through homophilic and heterophilic adhesion (PMID:2045418, PMID:1527169). Its extracellular domains engage a wide partner repertoire—contactin/F3, axonin-1/TAG-1, neurofascin, F11, and RPTPβ—to drive neurite outgrowth, neuron-glia contact, and directional pathfinding of commissural and retinal ganglion cell axons at the midline and optic chiasm (PMID:8274278, PMID:7541632, PMID:7490283, PMID:9049255, PMID:16701205), while its cytoplasmic FIGQY motif binds ankyrins to couple the membrane to the cytoskeleton, a linkage further reinforced by lipid-raft partitioning and FNIII cis-interactions that tether NrCAM to retrograde actin flow (PMID:7961622, PMID:10462518, PMID:15254265). At nodes of Ranvier and axon initial segments, glial NrCAM acting with gliomedin and neurofascin-186 captures and stabilizes voltage-gated Na⁺ channels and ankyrinG, and is required for both initial clustering and long-term nodal maintenance (PMID:8947556, PMID:11728309, PMID:14602817, PMID:20188654, PMID:24719088). Postsynaptically, NrCAM nucleates the Sema3F holoreceptor (with Neuropilin-2 and PlexinA3) and, via SAP102, activates PlexinA3 Rap-GAP activity to inactivate β1 integrins and drive dendritic spine pruning, and through ankyrin B it builds perisomatic CCK-basket cell synapses (PMID:21273439, PMID:25143608, PMID:29415226, PMID:40276719). NrCAM activity is tuned by EphB2 phosphorylation of the FIGQY motif, by ADAM10/metalloprotease ectodomain shedding that liberates a fragment activating ERK/AKT signaling, by β-catenin/LEF-1 transcriptional control, and by Rbfox1-regulated exon 10 splicing that governs neuropathic pain (PMID:12183361, PMID:16357171, PMID:24023801, PMID:30833305, PMID:31917219, PMID:38241164). In cancer, NrCAM ectodomain shedding and integrin/EGFR engagement drive ERK/AKT and β-catenin signaling to promote transformation, invasion, and metastasis, and a tumor-specific Δex5Δex19 splice proteoform is essential for pediatric high-grade glioma growth (PMID:12183361, PMID:16357171, PMID:27732334, PMID:37993901, PMID:40782352).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 26 steps
  1. 1991 High

    Establishing NrCAM as a discrete molecular entity defined its domain architecture and placed it as a candidate neural adhesion receptor.

    Evidence cDNA cloning, protein purification, and N-terminal sequencing of the 145-kDa neural glycoprotein

    PMID:2045418

    Open questions at the time
    • Function inferred from structure only
    • No binding partners yet identified
  2. 1992 High

    Demonstrating that NrCAM mediates both homophilic and heterophilic adhesion, and is post-translationally cleaved into an alpha/beta heterodimer, defined it functionally as an adhesion molecule.

    Evidence Cell aggregation and substrate binding assays with recombinant FGTNr, L-cell transfection, plus SDS-PAGE/sequence analysis of the cleaved chains

    PMID:1512296 PMID:1527169

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific heterophilic ligands unidentified
    • Functional role of cleavage not established
  3. 1993 High

    Identifying F11/contactin as a direct heterophilic ligand connected NrCAM adhesion to a concrete neurite-outgrowth output and mapped the binding interface.

    Evidence Neurite outgrowth on immobilized F11, antibody blocking, COS-cell binding, and F11 deletion mutants

    PMID:8274278

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream signaling from the F11-NrCAM interaction unresolved
  4. 1994 High

    Showing the cytoplasmic domain binds ankyrins established the membrane-cytoskeleton linkage that underlies NrCAM clustering and stabilization.

    Evidence Biochemical co-association and protein quantification from brain membrane fractions

    PMID:7961622

    Open questions at the time
    • Sequence determinant (FIGQY) not yet defined
    • Functional consequence in vivo untested
  5. 1995 High

    Demonstrating that floor-plate NrCAM engages growth-cone axonin-1 to direct commissural midline crossing gave NrCAM a defined in vivo guidance function.

    Evidence In vivo antibody perturbation in chick spinal cord and histological axon trajectory analysis, plus axonin-1/NrCAM binding on peripheral glia

    PMID:7490283 PMID:7541632

    Open questions at the time
    • Signal transduction converting adhesion to guidance unknown
    • Receptor-side cytoplasmic mechanism undefined
  6. 1996 High

    Co-localizing NrCAM with neurofascin, ankyrinG, and Na+ channels at nodes of Ranvier, and demonstrating direct NrCAM-neurofascin binding, positioned NrCAM at the heart of nodal assembly.

    Evidence Isoform-specific antibody immunofluorescence, COS-cell binding, immunoprecipitation, and reciprocal neurite outgrowth assays

    PMID:8922386 PMID:8947556

    Open questions at the time
    • Causal requirement for Na+ channel clustering not yet tested
    • Glial vs axonal contributions unseparated
  7. 1997 High

    Showing RPTPβ binds a contactin-NrCAM complex linked NrCAM adhesion to a phosphatase-coupled neuronal differentiation signal.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, antibody-blocked neurite outgrowth, and transfected-cell differentiation co-culture

    PMID:9049255

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphatase substrates downstream of the complex unidentified
  8. 1999 High

    Defining NrCAM as a substrate ligand for axonin-1 and F3 receptors, and coupling F3-induced clustering to retrograde actin flow, mechanistically connected adhesion to growth-cone motility.

    Evidence Recombinant Fc fusion substrate assays, in ovo injection, microsphere tracking, and cytochalasin B disruption of retrograde movement

    PMID:10328925 PMID:10462518

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular bridge between cytoplasmic tail and actin not defined
    • Lipid-raft requirement not yet established
  9. 2001 High

    Genetic null mice and Fc-perturbation cocultures established that NrCAM is functionally required in vivo for cerebellar neurite outgrowth, nodal Na+ channel clustering, and (with ankyrin-B) lens fiber organization.

    Evidence NrCAM knockout and ankyrin-B mutant mice, contactin-substrate neurite assays, myelinating DRG-Schwann cocultures, histology and EM

    PMID:11449000 PMID:11564762 PMID:11728309

    Open questions at the time
    • Redundancy with L1-family members complicates single-KO interpretation
    • Temporal sequence of nodal assembly not yet resolved
  10. 2002 High

    Identifying NrCAM as a direct β-catenin/LEF-1 transcriptional target and a transforming gene shifted it from a developmental adhesion molecule to an oncogenic effector.

    Evidence Microarray, promoter-reporter assays with LEF/TCF site mutation, retroviral transduction, motility/growth assays, and nude-mouse xenografts

    PMID:12183361

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which surface NrCAM promotes motility unresolved at this stage
  11. 2003 High

    Temporal analysis in null mice showed NrCAM precedes and locally captures Na+ channels at developing nodes, defining it as an early glial-contact-dependent nodal organizer.

    Evidence NrCAM null mouse with quantitative developmental immunostaining of Na+ channel/ankyrinG timing

    PMID:14602817

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of cooperating glial ligand not yet defined
  12. 2004 High

    Biophysical dissection showed NrCAM-actin coupling requires both cytoplasmic and FNIII cis-interactions plus lipid-raft partitioning, refining the mechanics of adhesion-driven traction.

    Evidence Optical tweezers, single-particle tracking, FRAP, NrCAM deletion mutants, and cholesterol depletion

    PMID:15254265

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific raft-resident adaptors not identified
  13. 2005 High

    Demonstrating metalloprotease ectodomain shedding that activates ERK/AKT via integrin association established a soluble-fragment signaling mechanism for NrCAM oncogenicity.

    Evidence Shedding detection, conditioned-medium assays, co-IP with α4β1 integrins, ERK/AKT phosphorylation, siRNA, and ectodomain-expression tumor assays

    PMID:16357171

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific sheddase identity not pinned down at this stage
    • Receptor for the shed ectodomain incompletely defined
  14. 2006 High

    Identifying a unique PDZ-binding motif binding SAP90/PSD95 and SAP97, and a role in retinal chiasm guidance, extended NrCAM's scaffold interactions and CNS guidance functions.

    Evidence PDZ binding and mutagenesis in COS-7 cells, co-localization, NrCAM null axon tracing, and chiasm-cell neurite assays

    PMID:16701205 PMID:16882004

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of PDZ scaffolding at synapses untested here
    • Relationship to EphB guidance program parallel but mechanistically separate
  15. 2011 High

    Discovering an NrCAM-Neuropilin-2 complex required for Sema3F-induced growth cone collapse assigned NrCAM a co-receptor role in semaphorin-mediated axon repulsion and thalamocortical targeting.

    Evidence NrCAM null mouse axon tracing, co-IP of NrCAM-Npn-2, growth cone collapse assays, and visual evoked potentials

    PMID:21273439

    Open questions at the time
    • Signaling output of the complex not yet defined
    • Plexin involvement not yet incorporated
  16. 2012 High

    Showing NrCAM acts as a Sema6D receptor with Plexin-A1 that converts repulsion to growth promotion clarified how a single ligand can be reinterpreted to drive RGC decussation.

    Evidence Knockout mouse analyses, in vitro growth assays, and receptor identification with genetic interaction tests

    PMID:22632726

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the repulsion-to-attraction switch unresolved
  17. 2014 High

    Defining NrCAM as a component of the Sema3F holoreceptor that restricts dendritic spine density established its postsynaptic role in spine pruning.

    Evidence NrCAM null mouse, co-IP of Npn-2/PlexA3, spine quantification, EM, electrophysiology, and Sema3F-Fc rescue

    PMID:25143608

    Open questions at the time
    • Intracellular effector linking the complex to spine retraction not yet identified
  18. 2013 High

    Demonstrating EphB2 kinase phosphorylates the NrCAM FIGQY motif to perturb ankyrin recruitment defined a switch coupling Eph signaling to NrCAM-cytoskeleton uncoupling in axon targeting.

    Evidence EphB kinase and kinase-dead assays in HEK293, ankyrin-recruitment assays, NrCAM null axon tracing, and EphB null/constitutively active mouse analysis

    PMID:24023801

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo dynamics of phospho-FIGQY regulation incompletely mapped
  19. 2019 High

    Mechanistic dissection showed NrCAM clusters the Sema3F holoreceptor via SAP102 to activate PlexinA3 Rap-GAP, inactivating β1 integrins for spine pruning, and identified ADAM10 as the sheddase controlling surface NrCAM.

    Evidence Conditional inducible NrCAM knockout, Rap-GAP/Rap1-GTPase and β1-integrin activity assays, modeling, ADAM10 activity assays, neurite outgrowth, and human CSF proteomics

    PMID:29415226 PMID:30833305

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative balance of adhesion vs pruning signaling unresolved
    • ADAM10-NrCAM cleavage site not mapped
  20. 2019 Medium

    Linking NrCAM-mediated stria terminalis fasciculation to contextual fear behavior connected its axon-bundling role to circuit-level function.

    Evidence NrCAM null mouse, neurofilament immunohistochemistry, and contextual vs cued fear conditioning

    PMID:30766872

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism of fasciculation in this tract not dissected
    • Single lab; behavioral causality indirect
  21. 2018 Medium

    Identifying Neurocan as an NrCAM-binding inhibitor of Sema3F-induced spine elimination introduced an extracellular brake on the pruning pathway.

    Evidence Cell binding/ELISA, COS-7 and cortical neuron morphology assays, and Neurocan domain deletions

    PMID:30356641

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry and competition with Sema3F not quantified
    • Single lab
  22. 2020 Medium

    Showing injury-induced exon 10 inclusion drives neuropathic pain, and that Rbfox1 governs this splicing, established a splice-isoform mechanism amenable to ASO intervention.

    Evidence RNA-seq, ASO targeting exon 10, Rbfox1 overexpression/knockdown in DRG, and behavioral pain assays in two injury models

    PMID:31917219 PMID:38241164

    Open questions at the time
    • How the +10 isoform alters NrCAM adhesion/signaling in nociceptors undefined
    • Single-lab studies
  23. 2022 Medium

    Defining a postsynaptic NrCAM-ankyrin B requirement for CCK-basket cell perisomatic synapses extended NrCAM's role to inhibitory synapse specificity.

    Evidence NrCAM null and conditional Ank2 knockout mice with CCK-BC reporter and confocal puncta quantification

    PMID:40276719

    Open questions at the time
    • Trans-synaptic partner on CCK-BC axons not identified
    • Single lab
  24. 2022 Medium

    Demonstrating NrCAM activates NF-κB by competing for SUMO-1 to destabilize IκBα, promoting Th17 differentiation, extended NrCAM signaling beyond the nervous system.

    Evidence NrCAM overexpression/knockdown in CD4+ T cells, co-IP with SUMO-1, p-IκBα western, p65 ChIP on IL-21 promoter, and NF-κB inhibitor

    PMID:39155774

    Open questions at the time
    • How a transmembrane CAM accesses cytoplasmic SUMO-1 mechanistically unclear
    • Single lab, non-neural context
  25. 2023 Medium

    Identifying NrCAM-driven MACF1/β-catenin signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells reinforced its pro-metastatic role via EMT and MMP induction.

    Evidence MYC-driven LCSC organoids, knockdown/overexpression, invasion assays, allografts, scRNA-seq, and pathway analysis

    PMID:37993901

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct physical link between NrCAM and MACF1 not established
    • Single lab
  26. 2025 High

    Discovering a tumor-restricted Δex5Δex19 NRCAM proteoform essential for pediatric high-grade glioma and targetable by a selective antibody established splice-variant-specific NrCAM as a therapeutic target.

    Evidence Short- and long-read RNA-seq, loss-of-function migration/invasion and in vivo growth assays, and a variant-selective monoclonal antibody enabling T-cell killing

    PMID:40782352

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which microexon skipping confers tumor dependence unresolved
    • Functional difference between Δex5Δex19 and full-length signaling undefined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The structural and signaling rules that determine whether NrCAM acts as an adhesive stabilizer versus a repulsion/pruning effector, and how its many splice isoforms reprogram these outputs across tissues, remain unresolved.
  • No high-resolution structure of NrCAM bound to its ligands
  • Isoform-specific binding and signaling outputs not systematically compared
  • Mechanism converting adhesion to growth-cone steering still inferential

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098631 cell adhesion mediator activity 5 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 4 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 3 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 4 GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 6 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 5 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 5 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4
Partners
ANK2CNTN1CNTN2DLG1NFASCNRP2PLXNA3PTPRZ1
Complex memberships
Sema3F holoreceptor (NrCAM/Neuropilin-2/PlexinA3)contactin/NrCAM-RPTPβ complexnode of Ranvier Na+ channel complex (with neurofascin/ankyrinG)

Evidence

Reading pass · 39 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1991 Nr-CAM (NrCAM) was identified as a novel neural glycoprotein with a structure comprising six Ig-like domains, five fibronectin type III repeats, a transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic domain, encoded by a single gene with alternatively spliced mRNAs. Purified protein (Mr 145,000) was confirmed by N-terminal sequencing matching the cDNA-predicted sequence. cDNA cloning, protein purification by lentil lectin affinity chromatography/FPLC, N-terminal sequencing, Northern and Southern blotting The Journal of cell biology High 2045418
1992 NrCAM (Bravo) mediates both homophilic (divalent cation-independent) and heterophilic (divalent cation-dependent) cell adhesion. Homophilic binding was demonstrated between transfected L cells and between cells and recombinant FGTNr (Ig domains 1-6 + first FNIII repeat fusion protein). Heterophilic binding occurred between NrCAM-transfected and untransfected L cells and between FGTNr and fibroblasts. Cell aggregation assay, substrate binding assay, Covasphere aggregation assay, recombinant fusion protein (FGTNr) inhibition, L-cell transfection The Journal of cell biology High 1527169
1992 Bravo/NrCAM has a heterodimer structure composed of an alpha chain (Mr 140/130 kD) and a beta chain (60-80 kD) generated by cleavage of an intact polypeptide at a conserved Ser-Arg/Lys-Arg site, analogous to L1 and Ng-CAM. The molecule contains alternatively spliced sequences encoding both extra- and intracellular stretches. cDNA cloning, SDS-PAGE, sequence analysis The Journal of cell biology Medium 1512296
1993 Neurite extension of tectal cells on immobilized F11 (contactin) is mediated by NrCAM/Bravo on the axonal surface. Direct heterophilic binding between F11 and NrCAM/Bravo was demonstrated, and the interaction was mapped to the second or third Ig-like domain of F11 using domain-specific monoclonal antibodies and deletion mutant proteins expressed on COS cells. Neurite outgrowth assay, antibody blocking, COS cell binding assay, deletion mutants Neuron High 8274278
1994 The cytoplasmic domains of NrCAM (along with neurofascin, L1, NgCAM, and neuroglian) directly associate with ankyrins. NrCAM and neurofascin together comprise over 0.5% of total membrane protein in adult brain tissue, indicating this ankyrin linkage is a major membrane-cytoskeletal connection. Biochemical co-association assay, protein quantification from brain membrane fractions The Journal of biological chemistry High 7961622
1995 In vivo perturbation experiments in chick showed that the interaction between axonin-1 on commissural growth cones and Nr-CAM on floor plate cells is required for accurate midline pathfinding. When axonin-1 or Nr-CAM interactions were perturbed (by antibody injection), many commissural axons failed to cross the midline and turned along the ipsilateral floor plate border instead. In vivo antibody perturbation in chick embryo spinal cord, histological analysis of axon trajectories Neuron High 7541632
1995 Axonin-1 binds directly to NrCAM on peripheral glial cells, mediating neuron-glia contacts. Fluorescent microspheres conjugated with axonin-1 bound to glial cells via NrCAM (identified by antibody blockage). Anti-axonin-1 and anti-NrCAM antibodies both perturbed neurite-glia contact formation in dissociated DRG cultures, implicating this interaction in early axon ensheathment. Microsphere binding assay, antibody blocking, purified protein binding assay, dissociated DRG neuron-glia culture perturbation The Journal of cell biology High 7490283
1996 NrCAM and a specific isoform of neurofascin (mucin+/third FNIII domain-) are colocalized with ankyrinG and voltage-dependent sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier and axon initial segments. NrCAM was identified by screening a rat brain cDNA expression library with anti-neurofascin antibody; it shares >70% cytoplasmic domain identity with neurofascin. cDNA library screening, isoform-specific antibody generation, immunofluorescence co-localization, cDNA sequencing The Journal of cell biology High 8947556
1996 Neurofascin promotes neurite extension from tectal cells by heterophilic interaction with NrCAM on axonal surfaces. Conversely, when NrCAM is the substrate, it induces neurite extension through F11 (not neurofascin) as the axonal receptor. Direct binding between neurofascin and NrCAM was demonstrated by transfected COS7 cell binding and immunoprecipitation, and mapped to the Ig domains of neurofascin. Alternative splicing of neurofascin modulates this binding. Neurite outgrowth assay on immobilized substrates, antibody blocking, COS7 cell transfection binding assay, immunoprecipitation, deletion mapping The Journal of cell biology High 8922386
1997 The extracellular region of glial receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta (RPTPbeta) binds to a complex of contactin and NrCAM on neurons. Neurite outgrowth induced by betaCFS (RPTPbeta fusion) was inhibited by antibodies against both NrCAM and contactin, and contactin/NrCAM co-immunoprecipitated with betaCFS. NIH-3T3 cells expressing betaCFS on their surfaces induced neuronal differentiation. Antibody blocking of neurite outgrowth, co-immunoprecipitation, recombinant fusion proteins, transfected cell co-culture assay The Journal of cell biology High 9049255
1999 NrCAM functions as a substrate ligand for neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and sympathetic ganglion neurons via axonin-1 as the neuronal receptor. A recombinant Nr-CAM-Fc fusion protein (containing all 6 Ig domains and first 2 FNIII repeats) promoted neurite outgrowth from peripheral but not central neurons; anti-axonin-1 antibodies inhibited this outgrowth. In ovo injection of Nr-Fc produced commissural axon guidance errors similar to anti-axonin-1 treatment. Recombinant Fc fusion protein substrate assay, antibody blocking of neurite outgrowth, in ovo injection, immunostaining Developmental biology High 10328925
1999 NrCAM is the functional receptor on cerebellar granule cells for the neuronal adhesion glycoprotein F3 (contactin). F3Fc-conjugated microspheres bound growth cones via NrCAM (not L1). These beads moved retrogradely at 5.7 µm/min (actin retrograde flow velocity); cytochalasin B (actin disruptor) abolished this movement. NrCAM clustering (induced by cross-linked F3Fc) was required for retrograde mobility. Microsphere binding assay, time-lapse video microscopy, cytochalasin B treatment, single particle tracking Journal of cell science High 10462518
2000 Axonin-1 interaction with floor-plate NrCAM mediates commissural axon guidance (directionality) without promoting axon elongation. In stripe assays, commissural axons preferred NrCAM+NgCAM stripes; anti-axonin-1 abolished this preference without reducing neurite length. In vivo, axonin-1/NrCAM perturbation selectively caused guidance failure, not elongation defects. In vitro stripe assay, antibody blocking, in vivo perturbation with phenotypic measurement of guidance vs. elongation The Journal of cell biology High 10811834
2001 Nr-CAM interacts with Nr-CAM-Fc fusion protein and with neurofascin on axonal surfaces to cluster neurofascin and co-precipitate it. Treatment of myelinating DRG-Schwann cell cocultures with Nr-CAM-Fc fusion protein specifically inhibited Na+ channel and ankyrinG accumulation at nodes of Ranvier without affecting myelination extent, demonstrating that NrCAM-neurofascin interactions are required for nodal Na+ channel clustering. Myelinating DRG-Schwann cell coculture, Nr-CAM-Fc fusion protein perturbation, immunofluorescence, co-precipitation Current biology : CB High 11728309
2001 Nr-CAM-deficient mice have functionally null Nr-CAM; cerebellar granule cells from these mice fail to extend neurites on contactin substrate in vitro, confirming contactin as an Nr-CAM ligand. Combined Nr-CAM/L1 double mutant mice exhibit severe cerebellar folial defects and reduced inner granule cell layer thickness, demonstrating overlapping functions of these related CAMs. Nr-CAM knockout mouse, neurite outgrowth assay on contactin substrate, histological analysis of double mutant cerebellum, antibody perturbation in culture The Journal of cell biology High 11564762
2001 Targeted ablation of NrCAM in mice causes formation of mature cataracts due to disorganization of lens fiber cells, accompanied by abnormalities in the cytoskeleton and connexin50-containing gap junctions. Ankyrin-B mutant mice display an indistinguishable lens fiber disorganization phenotype, providing genetic evidence that NrCAM and ankyrin-B interact to maintain lens fiber cell contacts. NrCAM knockout mouse, ankyrin-B mutant mouse, histology, immunostaining, electron microscopy, genetic epistasis The Journal of cell biology High 11449000
2002 Nr-CAM is a direct transcriptional target gene of the beta-catenin/LEF-1 signaling pathway. LEF/TCF binding sites in the Nr-CAM promoter were required for activation by beta-catenin or plakoglobin. Retroviral transduction of Nr-CAM into NIH3T3 cells stimulated cell growth, motility, transformation, and tumor formation in nude mice. Dominant-negative LEF-1 decreased Nr-CAM expression; anti-Nr-CAM antibodies inhibited B16 melanoma motility. DNA microarray, promoter-reporter assay with LEF/TCF site mutation, retroviral transduction, cell growth/motility assays, nude mouse xenograft, dominant-negative LEF-1 Genes & development High 12183361
2003 NrCAM (ankyrinG-binding protein) precedes Na+ channels at cluster sites adjacent to Schwann cell process tips during node of Ranvier formation. In NrCAM null mutants, both Na+ channel and ankyrinG sequestration at developing nodes are delayed. NrCAM acts locally at individual nodes (not globally on neuronal expression) and its action is linked to glial contact. NrCAM null mutant mouse, immunostaining during node development, quantitative analysis of Na+ channel/ankyrinG clustering timing The Journal of neuroscience High 14602817
2004 NrCAM coupling to the retrograde actin flow requires both cytoplasmic tail interactions and cis-interactions via FNIII domains (deletion of both is needed to abolish retrograde movement). Additionally, NrCAM-actin coupling requires partitioning into lipid rafts, as cholesterol depletion by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin abolished retrograde movement. TAG-1 bead binding induced coalescence of lipid rafts (caveolin-1 recruitment) at adhesive contact sites. Optical tweezers, single particle tracking, deletion mutants of NrCAM, cholesterol depletion with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, FRAP, immunofluorescence for caveolin-1 Molecular biology of the cell High 15254265
2005 NrCAM undergoes metalloprotease-mediated ectodomain shedding. Conditioned medium and purified Nr-CAM-Fc fusion protein both enhanced cell motility, proliferation, and activated ERK and AKT signaling pathways. NrCAM was found in complex with alpha4beta1 integrins in melanoma cells. Stable expression of the ectodomain alone was sufficient to confer cell transformation and tumorigenesis in mice. Metalloprotease shedding detection, conditioned medium assays, co-immunoprecipitation with alpha4beta1 integrins, ERK/AKT phosphorylation assays, siRNA knockdown, nude mouse tumor assay Cancer research High 16357171
2006 The cytoplasmic carboxy-terminus of NrCAM contains a PDZ-binding motif that specifically interacts with class I PDZ domains of SAP90/PSD95 and SAP97. This interaction is unique among L1 family members (L1, CHL1, Neurofascin do not bind these PDZ domains). In transfected COS-7 cells, NrCAM-mediated recruitment of SAP97 to the plasma membrane required the PDZ-binding motif. NrCAM and SAP97 colocalize in photoreceptor terminals. PDZ domain binding assay, transfection of COS-7 cells with PDZ-motif mutants, immunocytochemistry co-localization The European journal of neuroscience High 16882004
2006 Nr-CAM expressed on contralateral retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is critical for guidance of late-born VTC RGCs at the optic chiasm. Blocking Nr-CAM function increases the ipsilateral projection size and reduces neurite outgrowth on chiasm cells in an age- and region-specific manner. EphB1/ephrin-B2-mediated repulsion and Nr-CAM-mediated attraction are distinct parallel molecular programs governing binocular visual pathway formation. Nr-CAM null mouse, anterograde axon tracing, in vitro neurite outgrowth on chiasm cell substrate, antibody blocking Neuron High 16701205
2010 Initial clustering of Na+ channels at PNS heminodes requires glial NrCAM and gliomedin acting through their axonal receptor neurofascin 186 (NF186). This glial signal is distinct from a second paranodal junction-dependent mechanism. NrCAM and gliomedin cooperate to capture Na+ channels at heminodes before fusion into mature nodes. Gliomedin/NrCAM knockout mice, immunostaining during PNS development, electron microscopy Neuron High 20188654
2011 NrCAM forms a molecular complex with neuropilin-2 (Npn-2) in brain and neural cells. Genetic deletion of NrCAM causes misprojection of thalamic axons caudally at the ventral telencephalon and striking mistargeting of motor and somatosensory thalamic axons to primary visual cortex. NrCAM is required for Sema3F-induced growth cone collapse in thalamic neuron cultures, consistent with a role in Sema3F-induced axon repulsion via the NrCAM-Npn-2 complex. NrCAM null mouse, anterograde axon tracing, co-immunoprecipitation of NrCAM-Npn-2 complex, growth cone collapse assay, visual evoked potentials The Journal of neuroscience High 21273439
2012 Sema6D and Nr-CAM are expressed on midline radial glia and Plexin-A1 on chiasm neurons; Plexin-A1 and Nr-CAM are also expressed on contralateral RGCs. Nr-CAM functions as a receptor for Sema6D. Sema6D in combination with Nr-CAM and Plexin-A1 converts Sema6D-mediated repulsion to growth promotion for contralateral RGCs. All three (Sema6D, Plexin-A1, NrCAM) are required for efficient RGC decussation. Knockout mouse analysis, in vitro growth assays, receptor identification experiments, genetic interaction analysis Neuron High 22632726
2013 NrCAM contributes to mediolateral retinocollicular axon targeting through regulation of RGC axon branch orientation. EphB2 tyrosine kinase (but not kinase-dead EphB2) phosphorylates NrCAM at a conserved tyrosine in the FIGQY ankyrin-binding motif, perturbing ankyrin recruitment in NrCAM-transfected HEK293 cells. In vivo, phospho-FIGQY NrCAM in SC is decreased in EphB1/3 null mice and increased in constitutively active EphB2 mice. NrCAM null mouse axon tracing, EphB kinase phosphorylation assay in HEK293 cells, kinase-dead mutant, EphB null mouse analysis, ankyrin recruitment assay PloS one High 24023801
2014 NrCAM localizes to dendritic spines of cortical pyramidal neurons and forms a complex with Sema3F receptor subunits Neuropilin-2 (Npn-2) and PlexinA3 (PlexA3) through an Npn-2-binding sequence (TARNER) in the extracellular Ig1 domain. NrCAM deletion elevates spine density on apical dendrites and increases mEPSC frequency. Recombinant Sema3F-Fc induced spine retraction on wild-type but not NrCAM-null neurons; re-expression of NrCAM rescued the response. Trans heterozygous genetic interaction confirmed NrCAM and Sema3F pathways interact in vivo. NrCAM null mouse, co-immunoprecipitation, spine density quantification, electron microscopy, whole-cell electrophysiology, rescue experiments, trans heterozygous genetic interaction The Journal of neuroscience High 25143608
2014 Long-term maintenance of Na+ channels at PNS nodes of Ranvier requires axoglial contact mediated by both gliomedin and NrCAM together. Mice lacking both molecules (but not either alone) show gradual loss of nodal Na+ channels and other axonal components, formation of binary nodes, dysregulation of nodal gap length, and neurological abnormalities. Node disintegration follows the reverse order of assembly: NF186 disappears first, then Na+ channels and ankyrinG, then βIV spectrin. Gliomedin/NrCAM double knockout mouse, immunostaining, electron microscopy, electrophysiology, behavioral analysis The Journal of neuroscience High 24719088
2017 NrCAM activates MAPK/Erk and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways via ectodomain shedding and binding to EGFR and α4β1 integrins. These pathways in turn upregulate NrCAM expression through the GSK3β/β-catenin axis, establishing positive feedback loops. NrCAM depletion inhibited thyroid cancer cell growth and invasiveness. NrCAM knockdown and overexpression in thyroid cancer cells, phosphorylation assays, co-immunoprecipitation, nude mouse xenograft, transgenic BrafV600E mouse The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Medium 27732334
2019 NrCAM functions as a substrate for ADAM10 metalloprotease cleavage. ADAM10 controls NrCAM surface levels and regulates neurite outgrowth in an NrCAM-dependent manner in vitro. However, ADAM10 cleavage of NrCAM (unlike APP) is not stimulated by the ADAM10 activator acitretin, suggesting substrate-selective ADAM10 activation is feasible and that NrCAM can serve as a biomarker of basal (non-stimulated) ADAM10 activity. ADAM10 activity assay, NrCAM surface level quantification, neurite outgrowth assay, human CSF proteomics from clinical trial EMBO molecular medicine High 30833305
2019 NrCAM promotes clustering of the Sema3F holoreceptor complex by interfacing with Neuropilin-2 (Npn-2) and the PDZ scaffold protein SAP102. NrCAM-induced receptor clustering stimulates Rap-GAP activity of PlexinA3 (PlexA3) within the holoreceptor complex, which inhibits Rap1-GTPase and inactivates adhesive β1 integrins, mediating Sema3F-induced spine pruning during adolescence. Conditional inducible NrCAM deletion (Nex1Cre-ERT2:NrCAMflox/flox) showed NrCAM acts cell-autonomously in pyramidal neurons. Conditional inducible knockout mouse, molecular modeling, holoreceptor complex assembly assay, Rap-GAP activity assay, Rap1-GTPase assay, β1 integrin activity assay, spine density quantification Cerebral cortex High 29415226
2019 NrCAM mediates fasciculation of axon fibers in the stria terminalis, regulating amygdala-BNST connectivity. NrCAM null mice show pronounced defasciculation and misprojection of fibers in the stria terminalis and are impaired in context-dependent (but not cued) fear conditioning, linking NrCAM-mediated axon fasciculation to amygdalar-BNST circuit function. NrCAM null mouse, neurofilament immunohistochemistry of fiber tracts, contextual vs. cued fear conditioning behavioral testing Frontiers in cell and developmental biology Medium 30766872
2018 Neurocan (a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) inhibits Sema3F-induced spine elimination through binding to NrCAM. Cell binding and ELISA assays demonstrated association of Neurocan with NrCAM. Neurocan blocked Sema3F-induced morphological retraction in COS-7 cells mediated through NrCAM, Npn-2, and PlexinA3. Glycosaminoglycan chains of Neurocan (but not the C-terminal sushi domain) were required for this inhibition. Cell binding assay, ELISA, COS-7 cell morphology assay, cortical neuron culture spine assay, domain deletion analysis Frontiers in cellular neuroscience Medium 30356641
2020 Alternative splicing of Nrcam exon 10 in dorsal root ganglia contributes to neuropathic pain. Spinal nerve ligation increases exon 10 insertion (Nrcam+10 variant) at the expense of Nrcam-10 in injured DRG. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) targeting exon 10 attenuated mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and cold allodynia in SNL and CCD models in both male and female mice. RNA sequencing, ASO treatment (DRG microinjection and intrathecal), behavioral pain assays (von Frey, thermal, cold plate) The journal of pain Medium 31917219
2022 NrCAM and Ankyrin B mediate perisomatic synaptic contact between CCK-basket cells (CCK-BCs) and pyramidal neurons (PNs) in mouse medial prefrontal cortex. NrCAM-null mice show significant decreases in CCK-BC (VGLUT3+ and VGAT+) synaptic puncta on PN soma but no decrease in PV-BC puncta or cell loss. Ankyrin B deletion specifically from PNs also reduces VGLUT3+ CCK-BC puncta, establishing that postsynaptic NrCAM-Ankyrin B interaction is required for CCK-BC synapse formation. NrCAM null mouse, conditional Ankyrin B deletion (Nex1Cre-ERT2:Ank2flox/flox), CCK-BC reporter mouse (Sncg-tdTomato), immunolabeling, confocal quantification Current research in neurobiology Medium 40276719
2022 NrCAM activates the NF-κB signaling pathway by competitively binding to SUMO-1, reducing IκBα SUMOylation and increasing IκBα phosphorylation and degradation, thereby promoting NF-κB-dependent Th17 cell differentiation. NrCAM overexpression increased IL-21 via NF-κB (p65 binding to IL-21 promoter), and NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 partially reversed NrCAM's effects. NrCAM overexpression and knockdown in CD4+ T cells, flow cytometry for Th17 markers, co-immunoprecipitation of NrCAM-SUMO-1, p-IκBα western blot, ChIP for p65 on IL-21 promoter, NF-κB inhibitor treatment Scandinavian journal of immunology Medium 39155774
2023 In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), NrCAM promotes liver cancer stem cell (LCSC) migration, invasion, and metastasis by activating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) through the MACF1-mediated β-catenin signaling pathway in LCSCs. MYC-driven LCSC organoids, NrCAM knockdown and overexpression, invasion/migration assays, in vivo tumor allografts (intra-hepatic and lung metastasis), scRNA-seq, MACF1/β-catenin pathway analysis Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 37993901
2023 Rbfox1 (RNA-binding Fox1) regulates alternative splicing of NrCAM exon 10 in DRG after spinal nerve ligation. Downregulation of Rbfox1 following nerve injury amplifies exon 10 insertion (L-Nrcam increase, S-Nrcam decrease). Restoring Rbfox1 mitigates nociceptive hypersensitivity; mimicking Rbfox1 downregulation generates neuropathic pain symptoms. Transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq), bioinformatic splicing analysis, Rbfox1 overexpression/knockdown in DRG, splicing isoform quantification, behavioral pain assays Neurotherapeutics Medium 38241164
2025 The NRCAM proteoform with microexons 5 and 19 skipped (Δex5Δex19 NRCAM) is uniformly expressed in pediatric high-grade gliomas but not normal brain. This specific splice variant (not full-length NrCAM) is essential for pHGG cell migration, invasion in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo. A monoclonal antibody selective for Δex5Δex19 NRCAM enables T-cell-mediated killing of pHGG cells via an FcRI-based universal immune receptor. Bulk and single-nuclei short- and long-read RNA-seq, loss-of-function assays (migration/invasion in vitro), in vivo tumor growth, monoclonal antibody development, T-cell killing assay Cell reports High 40782352

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1995 Axonin-1, Nr-CAM, and Ng-CAM play different roles in the in vivo guidance of chick commissural neurons. Neuron 290 7541632
1996 Molecular composition of the node of Ranvier: identification of ankyrin-binding cell adhesion molecules neurofascin (mucin+/third FNIII domain-) and NrCAM at nodal axon segments. The Journal of cell biology 286 8947556
1994 Ankyrin binding activity shared by the neurofascin/L1/NrCAM family of nervous system cell adhesion molecules. The Journal of biological chemistry 264 7961622
1991 Structure of a new nervous system glycoprotein, Nr-CAM, and its relationship to subgroups of neural cell adhesion molecules. The Journal of cell biology 179 2045418
2010 A glial signal consisting of gliomedin and NrCAM clusters axonal Na+ channels during the formation of nodes of Ranvier. Neuron 165 20188654
1997 Induction of neurite outgrowth through contactin and Nr-CAM by extracellular regions of glial receptor tyrosine phosphatase beta. The Journal of cell biology 153 9049255
2002 Nr-CAM is a target gene of the beta-catenin/LEF-1 pathway in melanoma and colon cancer and its expression enhances motility and confers tumorigenesis. Genes & development 151 12183361
2002 Identification of endothelial cell genes expressed in an in vitro model of angiogenesis: induction of ESM-1, (beta)ig-h3, and NrCAM. Microvascular research 138 11866539
2011 The role of NrCAM in neural development and disorders--beyond a simple glue in the brain. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 113 22182708
1993 Induction of axonal growth by heterophilic interactions between the cell surface recognition proteins F11 and Nr-CAM/Bravo. Neuron 113 8274278
2012 Optic chiasm presentation of Semaphorin6D in the context of Plexin-A1 and Nr-CAM promotes retinal axon midline crossing. Neuron 98 22632726
1992 Bravo/Nr-CAM is closely related to the cell adhesion molecules L1 and Ng-CAM and has a similar heterodimer structure. The Journal of cell biology 98 1512296
2001 Overlapping functions of the cell adhesion molecules Nr-CAM and L1 in cerebellar granule cell development. The Journal of cell biology 88 11564762
1995 Binding between the neural cell adhesion molecules axonin-1 and Nr-CAM/Bravo is involved in neuron-glia interaction. The Journal of cell biology 87 7490283
1996 Neurofascin induces neurites by heterophilic interactions with axonal NrCAM while NrCAM requires F11 on the axonal surface to extend neurites. The Journal of cell biology 82 8922386
1990 Topologically restricted appearance in the developing chick retinotectal system of Bravo, a neural surface protein: experimental modulation by environmental cues. The Journal of cell biology 81 2269667
2000 A direct interaction of axonin-1 with NgCAM-related cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) results in guidance, but not growth of commissural axons. The Journal of cell biology 75 10811834
2006 A role for Nr-CAM in the patterning of binocular visual pathways. Neuron 74 16701205
1992 Homophilic and heterophilic binding activities of Nr-CAM, a nervous system cell adhesion molecule. The Journal of cell biology 73 1527169
2001 Nr-CAM expression in the developing mouse nervous system: ventral midline structures, specific fiber tracts, and neuropilar regions. The Journal of comparative neurology 72 11329126
2014 Neural cell adhesion molecule NrCAM regulates Semaphorin 3F-induced dendritic spine remodeling. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 71 25143608
2006 NrCAM in addiction vulnerability: positional cloning, drug-regulation, haplotype-specific expression, and altered drug reward in knockout mice. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 69 16123759
2009 Impaired sociability and cognitive function in Nrcam-null mice. Behavioural brain research 68 19540269
2008 Association of the neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NRCAM) gene variants with autism. The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology 66 18664314
1997 Nr-CAM: a cell adhesion molecule with ligand and receptor functions. Cell and tissue research 65 9321706
2000 Design of the blockade of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor to avoid vascular occlusion (BRAVO) trial. American heart journal 62 10827369
2003 The role of the ankyrin-binding protein NrCAM in node of Ranvier formation. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 58 14602817
2001 Targeted ablation of NrCAM or ankyrin-B results in disorganized lens fibers leading to cataract formation. The Journal of cell biology 57 11449000
2001 Nr-CAM and neurofascin interactions regulate ankyrin G and sodium channel clustering at the node of Ranvier. Current biology : CB 57 11728309
1999 Nr-CAM promotes neurite outgrowth from peripheral ganglia by a mechanism involving axonin-1 as a neuronal receptor. Developmental biology 55 10328925
2014 Long-term maintenance of Na+ channels at nodes of Ranvier depends on glial contact mediated by gliomedin and NrCAM. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 52 24719088
1995 Expression of four immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules (L1, Nr-CAM/Bravo, neurofascin/ABGP, and N-CAM) in the developing mouse spinal cord. The Journal of comparative neurology 51 7706555
2004 NrCAM coupling to the cytoskeleton depends on multiple protein domains and partitioning into lipid rafts. Molecular biology of the cell 48 15254265
2005 The shed ectodomain of Nr-CAM stimulates cell proliferation and motility, and confers cell transformation. Cancer research 46 16357171
1993 Expression patterns of the cell adhesion molecule Nr-CAM during histogenesis of the chick nervous system. Neuroscience 46 8487956
2004 Examination of NRCAM, LRRN3, KIAA0716, and LAMB1 as autism candidate genes. BMC medical genetics 44 15128462
2021 Niraparib for Advanced Breast Cancer with Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations: the EORTC 1307-BCG/BIG5-13/TESARO PR-30-50-10-C BRAVO Study. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 43 34301749
2019 NrCAM is a marker for substrate-selective activation of ADAM10 in Alzheimer's disease. EMBO molecular medicine 43 30833305
2011 NrCAM deletion causes topographic mistargeting of thalamocortical axons to the visual cortex and disrupts visual acuity. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 43 21273439
2006 Association analysis of the NrCAM gene in autism and in subsets of families with severe obsessive-compulsive or self-stimulatory behaviors. Psychiatric genetics 42 17106428
2005 The cell adhesion molecule NrCAM is crucial for growth cone behaviour and pathfinding of retinal ganglion cell axons. Development (Cambridge, England) 41 16033798
1999 NrCAM, cerebellar granule cell receptor for the neuronal adhesion molecule F3, displays an actin-dependent mobility in growth cones. Journal of cell science 40 10462518
1998 Cell adhesion molecule Nr-CAM is over-expressed in human brain tumors. International journal of cancer 35 9590116
2017 Positive Feedback Loops Between NrCAM and Major Signaling Pathways Contribute to Thyroid Tumorigenesis. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 32 27732334
2007 NrCAM, a neuronal system cell-adhesion molecule, is induced in papillary thyroid carcinomas. British journal of cancer 32 17667921
2002 Nr-CAM and TAG-1 are expressed in distinct populations of developing precerebellar and cerebellar neurons. Neuroscience 31 12182881
1998 Alternative splicing of human NrCAM in neural and nonneural tissues. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 30 9604207
1996 Characterization of a highly conserved human homolog to the chicken neural cell surface protein Bravo/Nr-CAM that maps to chromosome band 7q31. Genomics 30 8812479
2019 Temporal Regulation of Dendritic Spines Through NrCAM-Semaphorin3F Receptor Signaling in Developing Cortical Pyramidal Neurons. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 28 29415226
2018 Neurocan Inhibits Semaphorin 3F Induced Dendritic Spine Remodeling Through NrCAM in Cortical Neurons. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience 27 30356641
2012 NrCAM-regulating neural systems and addiction-related behaviors. Addiction biology 26 22780223
2023 Liver cancer stem cell dissemination and metastasis: uncovering the role of NRCAM in hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 23 37993901
2015 Changes in D-dimer and inflammatory biomarkers before ischemic events in patients with peripheral artery disease: The BRAVO Study. Vascular medicine (London, England) 21 26647446
2009 Concurrent Lpin1 and Nrcam mouse mutations result in severe peripheral neuropathy with transitory hindlimb paralysis. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 21 19793967
2020 Alternative Splicing of Nrcam Gene in Dorsal Root Ganglion Contributes to Neuropathic Pain. The journal of pain 20 31917219
2018 Neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) is expressed by sensory cells in the cochlea and is necessary for proper cochlear innervation and sensory domain patterning during development. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 20 29536590
2006 The cytoplasmic domain of NrCAM binds to PDZ domains of synapse-associated proteins SAP90/PSD95 and SAP97. The European journal of neuroscience 20 16882004
2017 Laquinimod Safety Profile: Pooled Analyses from the ALLEGRO and BRAVO Trials. International journal of MS care 18 28243182
2013 Neuron glia-related cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) promotes topographic retinocollicular mapping. PloS one 18 24023801
2001 Differential expression of the cell-adhesion molecule Nr-CAM in hyperplastic and neoplastic human pancreatic tissue. Human pathology 18 11331956
2021 HIV clinic-based buprenorphine plus naloxone versus referral for methadone maintenance therapy for treatment of opioid use disorder in HIV clinics in Vietnam (BRAVO): an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. The lancet. HIV 16 33539760
2019 miR‑505 suppresses prostate cancer progression by targeting NRCAM. Oncology reports 16 31322225
2022 KLF9 regulates miR-338-3p/NRCAM axis to block the progression of osteosarcoma cells. Journal of Cancer 15 35399713
2013 Fine mapping for Weaver syndrome in Brown Swiss cattle and the identification of 41 concordant mutations across NRCAM, PNPLA8 and CTTNBP2. PloS one 15 23527149
1996 Synergistic neurite-outgrowth promoting activity of two related axonal proteins, Bravo/Nr-CAM and G4/Ng-CAM in chicken retinal explants. The European journal of neuroscience 15 8752579
1998 Alternative Splicing of Human NrCAM in Neural and Nonneural Tissues. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 14 9618219
1997 Historical events associated with fallout from Bravo Shot--Operation Castle and 25 Y of medical findings. Health physics 14 9199227
2014 Neural cell adhesion molecule NrCAM is expressed in the mammalian inner ear and modulates spiral ganglion neurite outgrowth in an in vitro alternate choice assay. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 13 25407819
2022 Loss of Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NrCAM Regulates Differentiation, Proliferation and Neurogenesis in Early Postnatal Hypothalamic Tanycytes. Frontiers in neuroscience 11 35464310
2019 CHL1 and NrCAM are Primarily Expressed in Low Grade Pediatric Neuroblastoma. Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) 11 31989042
2019 Expression and Function of Neuron-Glia-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule (NrCAM) in the Amygdalar Pathway. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 10 30766872
2022 LncRNA RUNX1-IT1 affects the differentiation of Th1 cells by regulating NrCAM transcription in Graves' disease. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 9 35220890
2009 Tolerability and clinical utility of the Bravo pH capsule in children. Journal of clinical gastroenterology 9 19349903
2008 Relation between aspirin dose, all-cause mortality, and bleeding in patients with recent cerebrovascular or coronary ischemic events (from the BRAVO Trial). The American journal of cardiology 9 18993142
2020 HIV care continuum characteristics among people with opioid use disorder and HIV in Vietnam: baseline results from the BRAVO study. BMC public health 8 32228522
2013 High Nr-CAM expression is associated with favorable phenotype and late PSA recurrence in prostate cancer treated by prostatectomy. Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases 8 23338556
2012 Association of the Neuronal Cell Adhesion Molecule (NrCAM) Gene Variants with Personality Traits and Addictive Symptoms in Methamphetamine Use Disorder. Psychiatry investigation 8 23251206
2023 A multi-center and non-interventional registry of brentuximab vedotin in patients with relapsed or refractory CD30-positive lymphoma: the CISL1803/BRAVO study. Blood research 7 38031473
2022 NrCAM secreted by endometrial stromal cells enhances the progestin sensitivity of endometrial cancer cells through epigenetic modulation of PRB. Cancer gene therapy 7 35388173
2022 Proteomic analysis of autoimmune retinopathy implicates NrCAM as a potential biomarker. Ophthalmology science 6 35529077
2022 Mapping of pituitary stress-induced gene regulation connects Nrcam to negative emotions. iScience 6 36060062
1983 Comparison of biological properties of St. Louis encephalitis and Rio bravo viruses. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 6 6305222
2022 The Potential Role of Serum Tau Protein (MAPT), Neuronal Cell Adhesion Molecule (NrCAM) and Neprilysin (NEP) in Neurodegenerative Disorders Development in Psoriasis-Preliminary Results. Journal of clinical medicine 5 36078974
2021 Genetic homogeneity coupled with morphometric variability suggests high phenotypic plasticity in the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi (Boxshall and Bravo, 2000), infecting farmed salmon (Salmo salar) along a wide latitudinal range in southern Chile. Journal of fish diseases 5 33484476
2024 CircNRCAM up-regulates NRCAM to promote papillary thyroid carcinoma progression. Journal of endocrinological investigation 4 38485895
2023 Rbfox1 regulates alternative splicing of Nrcam in primary sensory neurons to mediate peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics 4 38241164
2021 Using High-Pressure Technology to Develop Antioxidant-Rich Extracts from Bravo de Esmolfe Apple Residues. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 4 34573101
2015 Cerebrospinal Fluid NrCAM is not a Suitable Biomarker to Discriminate between Dementia Disorders--A Pilot Study. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 4 25812850
1988 Biochemical and biophysical characteristics of Rio Bravo virus (Flaviviridae). The Journal of general virology 4 2828514
1970 Growth of Rio Bravo virus in cell cultures. Applied microbiology 4 5498612
2025 Regulation of perisomatic synapses from cholecystokinin basket interneurons through NrCAM and Ankyrin B. Current research in neurobiology 3 40276719
2025 NRCAM variant defined by microexon skipping is a targetable cell surface proteoform in high-grade gliomas. Cell reports 3 40782352
2022 Stress-induced headache in the general working population is moderated by the NRCAM rs2300043 genotype. Scandinavian journal of pain 3 36181733
2021 Antisense oligonucleotides targeting alternative splicing of Nrcam exon 10 suppress neurite outgrowth of ganglion sensory neurons in vitro. Neuroreport 3 33850082
2016 Xenopus laevis neuronal cell adhesion molecule (nrcam): plasticity of a CAM in the developing nervous system. Development genes and evolution 3 27942869
2011 Temporal variation of phytoplankton from the tropical reservoir Valle de Bravo, Mexico. Journal of environmental biology 3 21888243
2025 Reduced circulating NrCAM as a biomarker for fetal growth restriction. EBioMedicine 2 40694862
2024 NrCAM-deficient mice exposed to chronic stress exhibit disrupted latent inhibition, a hallmark of schizophrenia. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience 2 38601326
2024 NrCAM activates the NF-κB signalling pathway by competitively binding to SUMO-1 and promotes Th17 cell differentiation in Graves' disease. Scandinavian journal of immunology 2 39155774
2023 Cost-effectiveness analysis of once-daily insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus insulin degludec 100 U/mL using the BRAVO diabetes model. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association 2 37035994

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