Affinage

NRCAM

Neuronal cell adhesion molecule · UniProt Q92823

Length
1304 aa
Mass
143.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-29
100 papers in source corpus 40 papers cited in narrative 40 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

NrCAM is an L1-family immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule that mediates homophilic and heterophilic adhesion to orchestrate axon guidance, myelinated node of Ranvier assembly, dendritic spine pruning, and synapse formation in the nervous system. Its extracellular region (six Ig domains and five FNIII repeats) engages axonin-1/TAG-1, contactin/F3, neurofascin, Sema6D, RPTPβ, gliomedin, and neuropilin-2, while its cytoplasmic domain links to the actin cytoskeleton through ankyrin-G and ankyrin-B and recruits PDZ scaffolds (SAP102, PSD-95, SAP97); at nodes of Ranvier, glial NrCAM and gliomedin cluster Na⁺ channels through axonal NF186 during both initial assembly and long-term maintenance, and in cortical pyramidal neurons NrCAM assembles the Sema3F holoreceptor (Npn-2/PlexA3/SAP102) to activate PlexA3 Rap-GAP activity and prune dendritic spines (PMID:20188654, PMID:24719088, PMID:29415226, PMID:25143608). Metalloprotease-mediated ectodomain shedding (including by ADAM10) generates a soluble NrCAM fragment that activates ERK/AKT signaling and promotes cell motility, and NrCAM is a direct transcriptional target of β-catenin/LEF-1 whose overexpression drives oncogenic transformation in melanoma, thyroid cancer, and pediatric high-grade glioma, where a tumor-specific splice variant (Δex5Δex19) is essential for migration and in vivo tumor growth (PMID:12183361, PMID:16357171, PMID:30833305, PMID:40782352).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 22 steps
  1. 1991 High

    Identification of NrCAM as a new neural Ig/FNIII cell adhesion molecule with alternative splicing established a foundational structural framework for understanding L1-family adhesion in the nervous system.

    Evidence cDNA cloning, protein purification, SDS-PAGE, Northern/Southern blotting from chick brain

    PMID:2045418

    Open questions at the time
    • Three-dimensional structure not determined
    • Functional significance of individual splice variants unknown
  2. 1992 High

    Demonstration that NrCAM mediates both homophilic (cation-independent) and heterophilic (cation-dependent) cell adhesion, with homophilic binding mapped to Ig domains and first FNIII repeat, established dual adhesion modalities and identified the first functional domains.

    Evidence L-cell transfection aggregation assays, recombinant GST-domain fusion binding, antibody blocking

    PMID:1512296 PMID:1527169

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of heterophilic ligands unknown
    • Structural basis of cation-dependent vs. cation-independent adhesion unresolved
  3. 1993 High

    Discovery that contactin-family F11 on neurons binds NrCAM heterophilically to promote neurite outgrowth identified the first trans-heterophilic partner and linked NrCAM to axon growth signaling.

    Evidence Neurite outgrowth assays, COS cell F11 deletion mutants, antibody blocking

    PMID:8274278

    Open questions at the time
    • Signaling cascade downstream of NrCAM–F11 interaction undefined
    • Whether this is a general or context-specific interaction unknown
  4. 1994 High

    Biochemical demonstration that NrCAM's cytoplasmic domain directly binds ankyrins established the membrane-cytoskeleton linkage mechanism shared across the L1 family.

    Evidence In vitro binding assays between purified cytoplasmic domains and ankyrin

    PMID:7961622

    Open questions at the time
    • Regulation of ankyrin binding (e.g., by phosphorylation) not yet addressed
    • Functional consequence of ankyrin association in vivo untested
  5. 1995 High

    In vivo antibody perturbation showed that axonin-1/NrCAM interaction at the floor plate is required for commissural axon midline crossing, providing the first in vivo guidance function for NrCAM.

    Evidence Anti-NrCAM and anti-axonin-1 antibody injection in chick embryo spinal cord with immunohistochemistry

    PMID:7490283 PMID:7541632

    Open questions at the time
    • Intracellular signaling triggered by axonin-1–NrCAM binding at the floor plate not characterized
    • Redundancy with other L1-family members at midline untested
  6. 1996 High

    Localization of NrCAM to nodes of Ranvier with ankyrinG and Na⁺ channels, plus demonstration of reciprocal NrCAM–neurofascin heterophilic interactions modulated by splicing, established NrCAM as a key nodal organizer and defined a second major heterophilic partner.

    Evidence Immunofluorescence at nodes/axon initial segments; neurite outgrowth substrate assays and co-immunoprecipitation of neurofascin–NrCAM

    PMID:8922386 PMID:8947556

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether NrCAM is required for Na⁺ channel clustering at nodes not yet tested genetically
    • Mechanism of NrCAM initial targeting to nodes unknown
  7. 1997 High

    Identification of a cis contactin/NrCAM complex as a neuronal receptor for glial RPTPβ linked NrCAM to receptor phosphatase signaling and demonstrated a tripartite signaling complex promoting neurite outgrowth.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of contactin/NrCAM with RPTPβ-Fc; antibody-blocking neurite outgrowth assays

    PMID:9049255

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphatase substrates downstream of RPTPβ at the NrCAM complex unknown
    • Stoichiometry of the tripartite complex unresolved
  8. 2001 High

    NrCAM knockout mice revealed a non-neural requirement: NrCAM–ankyrin-B interaction maintains lens fiber cell organization, with loss causing cataracts; separately, NrCAM-Fc perturbation and double-knockout with L1 demonstrated cooperative roles in node of Ranvier formation and cerebellar development.

    Evidence NrCAM null mice, ankyrin-B null mice, DRG–Schwann cell myelinating cocultures, L1/NrCAM double null histology

    PMID:11449000 PMID:11564762 PMID:11728309

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of NrCAM–ankyrin-B specificity vs. ankyrin-G at nodes not resolved
    • Whether cataract phenotype reflects a broader non-neural adhesion role unknown
  9. 2002 High

    Identification of NrCAM as a direct β-catenin/LEF-1 transcriptional target whose overexpression drives cell motility, growth, and transformation established NrCAM as a Wnt pathway effector gene with oncogenic potential.

    Evidence Promoter-reporter assays with LEF/TCF site mutations, retroviral transduction, nude mouse tumor assays

    PMID:12183361

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological contexts where Wnt-driven NrCAM upregulation is relevant beyond melanoma not yet explored
    • Whether NrCAM oncogenic activity requires specific splice isoforms unknown
  10. 2003 High

    Analysis of NrCAM null mice during PNS development showed NrCAM arrives at nascent nodes before Na⁺ channels and is needed for efficient ankyrinG/Na⁺ channel clustering, establishing a temporal hierarchy in node assembly.

    Evidence NrCAM null mouse PNS immunofluorescence during remyelination, computational diffusion-clustering model

    PMID:14602817

    Open questions at the time
    • NrCAM's role in CNS node formation less clear
    • Direct visualization of Na⁺ channel lateral diffusion trapping not achieved
  11. 2004 High

    Biophysical analysis revealed that NrCAM coupling to retrograde actin flow requires FNIII-mediated cis-interactions and lipid raft partitioning rather than the cytoplasmic tail alone, redefining the force-transmission mechanism.

    Evidence Optical tweezers and single-particle tracking of TAG-1 beads on NrCAM deletion mutants in neuroblastoma growth cones

    PMID:15254265

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the cis-interacting partner in lipid rafts not fully resolved
    • Whether this mechanism operates at nodes of Ranvier untested
  12. 2005 High

    Discovery of metalloprotease-mediated NrCAM ectodomain shedding generating a soluble fragment that activates ERK/AKT and promotes motility, plus identification of α4β1 integrin as a co-receptor, revealed the signaling mechanism underlying NrCAM's oncogenic activity.

    Evidence NrCAM-Fc treatment, conditioned medium experiments, co-immunoprecipitation with integrins, siRNA knockdown, NIH3T3 transformation

    PMID:16357171

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the metalloprotease responsible not determined at this stage
    • Structural basis of NrCAM–integrin interaction unresolved
  13. 2005 High

    Functional studies in retina showed NrCAM promotes RGC axon extension and correct pathfinding at the optic fissure, extending its guidance role to the visual system.

    Evidence Antibody-blocking organ culture of chick retina, time-lapse imaging, stripe preference assays

    PMID:16033798 PMID:16701205

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream signaling in RGC growth cones not defined
    • Relative contribution of NrCAM vs. other cues at the optic chiasm not quantified
  14. 2006 High

    Identification of NrCAM's C-terminal PDZ-binding motif interaction with SAP90/PSD-95 and SAP97 provided a scaffold-coupling mechanism distinct from the ankyrin linkage, expanding the repertoire of cytoplasmic signaling outputs.

    Evidence Pull-down assays with cytoplasmic domain constructs, COS-7 co-transfection, co-localization in photoreceptor terminals

    PMID:16882004

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of NrCAM–PSD-95 interaction at synapses not established
    • Whether PDZ and ankyrin binding are mutually exclusive or cooperative unknown
  15. 2010 High

    Double-null mouse analysis established that glial NrCAM and gliomedin cooperate through axonal NF186 for initial Na⁺ channel clustering at heminodes, with a second paranodal mechanism acting at mature nodes, resolving the cooperative mechanism of node assembly.

    Evidence NrCAM and gliomedin null mice, developmental immunofluorescence in PNS, electron microscopy

    PMID:20188654

    Open questions at the time
    • CNS node formation mechanism by NrCAM less defined
    • Whether NrCAM acts as a direct ligand for NF186 or only through gliomedin unclear
  16. 2012 High

    Discovery that NrCAM functions as a Sema6D receptor and forms a tripartite Sema6D/NrCAM/PlexA1 complex that converts repulsion to growth promotion at the optic chiasm revealed a novel sign-conversion mechanism in axon guidance.

    Evidence Receptor-ligand binding, in vitro growth assays, RGC-specific perturbation at the optic chiasm

    PMID:22632726

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of NrCAM-mediated sign conversion undefined
    • Whether this mechanism operates in other brain regions unknown
  17. 2013 High

    EphB2-mediated phosphorylation of NrCAM's FIGQY ankyrin-binding motif was shown to reduce ankyrin recruitment, providing a regulated switch for cytoskeletal coupling that modulates retinocollicular topographic mapping.

    Evidence EphB2 kinase assay, FIGQY mutagenesis, ankyrin recruitment in HEK293 cells, axon tracing in NrCAM/EphB null mice

    PMID:24023801

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether other kinases regulate FIGQY phosphorylation in different contexts untested
    • Structural impact of FIGQY phosphorylation on ankyrin binding unresolved
  18. 2014 High

    Comprehensive biochemical and electrophysiological analysis showed NrCAM localizes to dendritic spines, assembles the Sema3F holoreceptor (Npn-2/PlexA3) via Ig1 TARNER motif, and controls spine density; separately, long-term nodal maintenance was shown to require both gliomedin and NrCAM.

    Evidence NrCAM null mice, co-IP of holoreceptor complex, EM, patch-clamp, rescue experiments; gliomedin/NrCAM double-null time-course

    PMID:24719088 PMID:25143608

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether NrCAM spine-pruning role extends to inhibitory synapses unknown
    • Mechanism of ordered nodal disassembly at molecular level unresolved
  19. 2019 High

    ADAM10 was identified as the metalloprotease cleaving NrCAM, regulating its surface levels and neurite outgrowth; and conditional knockout revealed cell-autonomous NrCAM function in cortical spine pruning via a Rap-GAP/β1-integrin inactivation cascade downstream of the Sema3F holoreceptor.

    Evidence ADAM10 activation/inhibition assays, CSF proteomics; conditional inducible NrCAM KO, Rap1-GTPase and β1-integrin activity assays

    PMID:29415226 PMID:30833305

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether other ADAMs contribute to NrCAM shedding in vivo untested
    • Temporal dynamics of Rap-GAP activation at individual spines not resolved
  20. 2020 High

    Alternative splicing of NrCAM exon 10 was linked to neuropathic pain: nerve injury increases the exon-10-included isoform, and antisense oligonucleotide-mediated splicing correction attenuates pain behaviors, revealing a non-canonical role for NrCAM isoform switching in sensory pathology.

    Evidence RNA-seq, ASO-mediated splicing shift, behavioral pain assays in mouse SNL model

    PMID:31917219

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which exon 10 inclusion alters NrCAM function (binding partners, signaling) unknown
    • Whether exon 10 ASOs have therapeutic potential in humans untested
  21. 2023 High

    Rbfox1 was identified as an upstream splicing regulator of NrCAM exon 10 in DRG; its downregulation after nerve injury shifts NrCAM toward the pro-nociceptive L-isoform, and neurocan was shown to inhibit Sema3F-induced spine pruning by binding NrCAM.

    Evidence Lentiviral Rbfox1 gain/loss-of-function with isoform quantification and behavioral assays; ELISA binding, spine elimination assays with neurocan

    PMID:30356641 PMID:38241164

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct Rbfox1 binding site on NrCAM pre-mRNA not mapped
    • Structural basis of neurocan–NrCAM interaction unresolved
  22. 2025 High

    NrCAM/ankyrin-B interaction was shown to maintain perisomatic CCK basket cell synapses on cortical pyramidal neurons, and a tumor-specific Δex5Δex19 NrCAM proteoform was identified as essential for pediatric high-grade glioma migration and targetable by isoform-selective antibody immunotherapy.

    Evidence NrCAM null and Ank2 conditional KO mice with CCK-BC reporter; RNA-seq, in vivo tumor assays, monoclonal antibody T-cell killing in pHGG models

    PMID:40276719 PMID:40782352

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether CCK-BC synapse defects contribute to behavioral phenotypes unknown
    • Clinical translation of Δex5Δex19-targeting antibody not yet tested
    • Structural consequence of microexon deletion on NrCAM ectodomain conformation unresolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Major remaining questions include the atomic-resolution structure of NrCAM ectodomains and their complexes with heterophilic partners, the full inventory of isoform-specific functions across tissues, and whether NrCAM's dual roles in synapse pruning and node assembly share common signaling intermediates.
  • No crystal or cryo-EM structure of NrCAM or its complexes available
  • Isoform-specific functions beyond exon 10 and Δex5Δex19 not systematically characterized
  • Whether spine pruning and nodal assembly share downstream signaling (e.g., ankyrin recruitment regulation) untested

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098631 cell adhesion mediator activity 7 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 4 GO:0048018 receptor ligand activity 2 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 5 GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 3 GO:0005576 extracellular region 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 7 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 5 R-HSA-1500931 Cell-Cell communication 5 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3
Partners
ANK2ANK3CNTN1CNTN2CNTNAP1NFASCNRP2PLXNA3
Complex memberships
Contactin/NrCAM cis-complexGlial node complex (NrCAM/gliomedin/NF186)Sema3F holoreceptor (NrCAM/Npn-2/PlexA3/SAP102)

Evidence

Reading pass · 40 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1991 NrCAM (Nr-CAM) was identified as a new nervous system glycoprotein with a domain structure comprising six Ig-like domains, five fibronectin type III repeats, a transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic domain, encoded by a single gene subject to alternative splicing yielding multiple isoforms. cDNA cloning, protein purification, SDS-PAGE, Northern/Southern blotting, immunofluorescence The Journal of cell biology High 2045418
1992 NrCAM mediates two distinct modes of cell adhesion: a homophilic, divalent cation-independent binding between neurons, and a heterophilic, divalent cation-dependent binding between neurons and other cell types (e.g., fibroblasts). The homophilic binding activity maps to the Ig domains and first FNIII repeat of the extracellular region. L-cell transfection aggregation assays, recombinant GST-Ig domain fusion protein (FGTNr) binding to cells and Covaspheres, antibody blocking The Journal of cell biology High 1527169
1992 NrCAM/Bravo is a heterodimer composed of an α chain (~140/130 kD) and a β chain (60–80 kD) generated by proteolytic cleavage of an intact polypeptide at conserved Ser-Arg/Lys-Arg sites, analogous to L1 and Ng-CAM cleavage. cDNA cloning, protein biochemistry, SDS-PAGE of purified protein The Journal of cell biology High 1512296
1993 NrCAM/Bravo on axonal surfaces acts as a receptor for heterophilic binding to F11 (contactin family), and this interaction mediates neurite outgrowth of tectal cells. The binding site on F11 maps to the second or third Ig-like domain. Neurite outgrowth assays, antibody-blocking experiments, COS cell expression of F11 deletion mutants, cell binding assays Neuron High 8274278
1994 The cytoplasmic domains of NrCAM (and neurofascin, L1, NgCAM, neuroglian) directly associate with ankyrins (spectrin-binding proteins), providing a membrane-cytoskeletal linkage. NrCAM and neurofascin together constitute >0.5% of membrane protein in adult brain. In vitro biochemical binding assays between purified cytoplasmic domain constructs and ankyrin, protein quantification from brain membrane fractions The Journal of biological chemistry High 7961622
1995 In vivo, axonin-1 on commissural growth cones interacts with NrCAM on floor plate cells to guide commissural axons across the spinal cord midline; perturbation of either interaction causes commissural axons to fail to cross the midline and turn along the ipsilateral floor plate border. In vivo antibody perturbation in chick embryo spinal cord, immunohistochemistry Neuron High 7541632
1995 NrCAM on peripheral glial cells serves as a receptor for axonin-1 on neurites, and this heterophilic interaction mediates neurite–glial cell contact formation during the early phase of axon ensheathment in dorsal root ganglia. Fluorescent microsphere binding assays with purified axonin-1 and NrCAM, antibody blocking of neurite–glia contact in DRG cultures The Journal of cell biology High 7490283
1996 NrCAM and neurofascin (NF) interact heterophilically through their Ig domains; immobilized neurofascin induces neurite outgrowth of tectal cells via NrCAM on the axonal surface, while immobilized NrCAM induces neurite outgrowth via F11 (not neurofascin) as the axonal receptor. This heterophilic binding can be modulated by alternative splicing within neurofascin. Neurite outgrowth assays on immobilized substrates, antibody blocking, COS7 cell transfection binding assays, immunoprecipitation The Journal of cell biology High 8922386
1996 NrCAM is concentrated at the node of Ranvier and at axon initial segments, co-localizing with ankyrinG and voltage-dependent sodium channels in myelinated axons. This is the first identification of defined neuronal CAMs at nodal axon segments. Immunofluorescence localization with isoform-specific antibodies; library screen identifying rat NrCAM; co-localization with ankyrinG and Na+ channels The Journal of cell biology High 8947556
1997 NrCAM and contactin form a cis complex on the neuronal surface that serves as a receptor for glial RPTPβ; binding of RPTPβ to this complex (through its carbonic anhydrase domain) promotes neurite outgrowth and neuronal differentiation. Neurite outgrowth assays, antibody blocking, co-immunoprecipitation of contactin/NrCAM complex with RPTPβ-Fc fusion proteins, NIH-3T3 surface expression of RPTPβ The Journal of cell biology High 9049255
1999 NrCAM serves as a ligand that promotes neurite outgrowth from peripheral (DRG and sympathetic) but not central neurons, and axonin-1 functions as the neuronal receptor for NrCAM in this context; antibodies to axonin-1 block NrCAM-Fc-induced outgrowth. NrCAM-Fc substrate neurite outgrowth assays with DRG, sympathetic, tectal, and forebrain neurons; antibody blocking; in ovo injection of NrCAM-Fc causing commissural axon guidance errors Developmental biology High 10328925
1999 NrCAM acts as a receptor for F3/contactin on cerebellar granule cells; F3Fc-coated microspheres bind to growth cones via NrCAM (not L1), and their retrograde movement at the growth cone is coupled to actin filament retrograde flow—disruption by cytochalasin B abolishes movement. Microsphere binding assays with antibody blocking, time-lapse video microscopy, cytochalasin B actin disruption Journal of cell science High 10462518
2000 Axonin-1 interaction with NrCAM at the floor plate mediates commissural axon guidance (turning) without promoting axon elongation; perturbation of NrCAM + NgCAM but not either alone is required for longitudinal post-crossing growth, indicating distinct guidance and growth signals. Stripe choice assays in vitro, antibody blocking, in vivo perturbation of commissural axon pathfinding in chick embryo The Journal of cell biology High 10811834
2001 NrCAM null mice develop mature cataracts caused by disorganization of lens fibers accompanied by cytoskeletal abnormalities and disruption of connexin50-containing gap junctions; ankyrin-B null mice show an identical lens fiber disorganization, providing genetic evidence that NrCAM–ankyrin-B interaction is required to maintain lens fiber cell contact. NrCAM knockout mice, ankyrin-B mutant mice, histology, electron microscopy, immunostaining for connexin50 and cytoskeletal proteins The Journal of cell biology High 11449000
2001 NrCAM and neurofascin function cooperatively at developing nodes of Ranvier: an NrCAM-Fc fusion protein specifically inhibits Na+ channel and ankyrinG accumulation at nodes in myelinating DRG–Schwann cell cocultures, and NrCAM-Fc clusters and co-precipitates neurofascin on axons, revealing that neurofascin plays a major role in node formation via interactions with NrCAM. Myelinating DRG–Schwann cell cocultures, NrCAM-Fc perturbation, immunofluorescence for Na+ channels and ankyrinG, co-immunoprecipitation of neurofascin by NrCAM-Fc Current biology : CB High 11728309
2001 Nr-CAM-deficient cerebellar granule cells fail to extend neurites on contactin substrate in vitro, confirming contactin as an NrCAM ligand; mice doubly deficient for L1 and Nr-CAM exhibit severe cerebellar folial defects and reduced inner granule cell layer thickness not seen in either single mutant, indicating overlapping functions. NrCAM-null mouse neuronal culture, L1/NrCAM double-null mouse histology, antibody perturbation assays in cerebellar cultures The Journal of cell biology High 11564762
2002 NrCAM is a direct transcriptional target of the β-catenin/LEF-1 pathway; LEF/TCF binding sites in the NrCAM promoter are required for its activation by β-catenin or plakoglobin; retroviral transduction of NrCAM stimulates cell growth, motility, and transformation, and anti-NrCAM antibodies inhibit melanoma cell motility. DNA microarray, promoter-reporter assays with LEF/TCF site mutations, retroviral transduction, nude mouse tumor assays, antibody blocking of motility Genes & development High 12183361
2003 In the peripheral nervous system, NrCAM (ankyrinG-binding protein) accumulates at nascent node sites prior to Na+ channels; both Na+ channel and ankyrinG sequestration at developing nodes are delayed in NrCAM null mutants, and NrCAM action is local and linked to glial contact. Computational modeling supports lateral diffusion of Na+ channels with fast cytoskeletal anchoring by ankyrinG enabled by early NrCAM arrival. NrCAM null mouse PNS, immunofluorescence during remyelination, computational diffusion-clustering model The Journal of neuroscience High 14602817
2004 NrCAM coupling to the retrograde actin flow in neuroblastoma growth cones requires both the FNIII domains (for cis-interactions) and lipid raft partitioning, but not the cytoplasmic tail alone; TAG-1 bead binding induces coalescence of lipid rafts and recruitment of caveolin-1 at the adhesive contact. Optical tweezers, single particle tracking of TAG-1 beads on NrCAM deletion mutants, cholesterol depletion (methyl-β-cyclodextrin), FRAP, immunostaining for caveolin-1 Molecular biology of the cell High 15254265
2005 NrCAM is shed from the cell surface by metalloprotease-mediated ectodomain cleavage; the shed ectodomain and conditioned medium activate ERK and AKT signaling and enhance cell motility and proliferation. NrCAM forms a complex with α4β1 integrins in melanoma cells, indicating heterophilic adhesion with extracellular matrix receptors contributes to its oncogenic function. Conditioned medium experiments, NrCAM-Fc fusion protein treatment, co-immunoprecipitation with integrins, siRNA knockdown of NrCAM, NIH3T3 transformation assay Cancer research High 16357171
2005 NrCAM promotes retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon extension and correct pathfinding toward the optic fissure in the developing retina; NrCAM inhibition in organ-cultured eyes causes RGC axons to misroute at the optic fissure toward the opposite retinal side rather than entering the optic nerve head. Immunostaining of chick retina, substrate assays, stripe preference assays, time-lapse imaging of growth cones, antibody-blocking organ culture Development (Cambridge, England) High 16033798
2006 NrCAM expressed on contralaterally-projecting retinal ganglion cells is critical for guidance of late-born RGCs through the optic chiasm; blocking NrCAM function increases the ipsilateral projection and reduces neurite outgrowth on chiasm cells in an age- and region-specific manner. EphB1/ephrin-B2-mediated repulsion and NrCAM-mediated attraction represent distinct molecular programs for binocular visual pathway formation. NrCAM null mice, anterograde axon tracing, in vitro neurite outgrowth on chiasm cells with antibody blocking Neuron High 16701205
2006 The cytoplasmic C-terminus of NrCAM contains a PDZ-binding motif that specifically interacts with class I PDZ domains of the scaffold proteins SAP90/PSD-95 and SAP97; this interaction recruits SAP97 to the plasma membrane and is distinct from L1, CHL1, and neurofascin. Pull-down assays with cytoplasmic domain constructs, co-transfection of COS-7 cells, co-localization in photoreceptor terminals The European journal of neuroscience High 16882004
2010 In the peripheral nervous system, glial NrCAM and gliomedin together act through axonal neurofascin 186 (NF186) to cluster Na+ channels at heminodes during early node of Ranvier formation; a second paranodal junction-dependent mechanism then concentrates Na+ channels at mature nodes by restricting their diffusion. NrCAM and gliomedin null mice, immunofluorescence during PNS myelination, electron microscopy Neuron High 20188654
2011 NrCAM forms a molecular complex with neuropilin-2 (Npn-2) in brain and neurons, and is required for Sema3F-induced growth cone collapse in thalamic neurons; NrCAM deletion causes mistargeting of thalamocortical axons to visual cortex and disrupts visual acuity. NrCAM null mice, Npn-2 null mice, anterograde axon tracing, co-immunoprecipitation of NrCAM–Npn-2 complex, growth cone collapse assay in thalamic neuron cultures The Journal of neuroscience High 21273439
2012 Sema6D and NrCAM are expressed on midline radial glia while Plexin-A1 and NrCAM are expressed on contralateral RGCs; NrCAM functions as a receptor for Sema6D, and a tripartite Sema6D/Nr-CAM/Plexin-A1 complex converts Sema6D repulsion to growth promotion, enabling RGC decussation at the optic chiasm. In situ hybridization and immunostaining of optic chiasm, RGC-specific perturbation, in vitro growth assays, receptor-ligand binding assays Neuron High 22632726
2013 NrCAM contributes to mediolateral retinocollicular axon targeting; EphB2 tyrosine kinase phosphorylates NrCAM at a conserved tyrosine in the FIGQY ankyrin-binding motif, reducing ankyrin recruitment and modulating linkage of NrCAM to the actin cytoskeleton. Phospho-FIGQY levels of NrCAM in SC correlate with EphB activity in multiple mutant mouse backgrounds. EphB2 kinase phosphorylation assay, mutagenesis of FIGQY site, ankyrin recruitment in HEK293 cells, anterograde RGC axon tracing in NrCAM and EphB null mice, phospho-FIGQY immunostaining PloS one High 24023801
2014 NrCAM localizes to dendritic spines of cortical pyramidal neurons and forms a complex with Sema3F receptor subunits Neuropilin-2 (Npn-2) and PlexinA3 (PlexA3) through an Npn-2-binding sequence (TARNER) in its extracellular Ig1 domain; NrCAM deletion elevates spine densities and increases mEPSC frequency, and re-expression of NrCAM rescues Sema3F-induced spine retraction. NrCAM null mice, co-immunoprecipitation, electron microscopy, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, rescue experiments with NrCAM re-expression, trans-heterozygous genetic interaction test The Journal of neuroscience High 25143608
2014 Long-term maintenance of Na+ channels at nodes of Ranvier requires continued axon-glial contact mediated by both gliomedin and NrCAM together; mice lacking both molecules show gradual loss of Na+ channels, NF186, ankyrinG, and βIV spectrin from nodes in an ordered sequence mirroring assembly, formation of binary nodes, and Schwann cell invasion of the nodal gap. Gliomedin/NrCAM double null mice, immunofluorescence time-course, electrophysiology (nerve conduction), electron microscopy The Journal of neuroscience High 24719088
2019 NrCAM is a substrate of ADAM10; ADAM10 controls NrCAM surface levels and regulates neurite outgrowth in an NrCAM-dependent manner in vitro. Unlike APP, ADAM10 cleavage of NrCAM is not stimulated by the ADAM10 activator acitretin, demonstrating substrate-selective ADAM10 activation. ADAM10 activation/inhibition assays, NrCAM surface level measurement, neurite outgrowth assays, CSF proteomics from clinical trial samples EMBO molecular medicine High 30833305
2019 NrCAM acts cell-autonomously in adolescent cortical pyramidal neurons to limit dendritic spine density; it promotes clustering of the Sema3F holoreceptor (Npn-2/PlexA3) by interfacing with Npn-2 and PDZ scaffold SAP102, thereby stimulating PlexA3 Rap-GAP activity, inhibiting Rap1-GTPase, and inactivating adhesive β1 integrins to drive Sema3F-induced spine pruning. Conditional inducible NrCAM knockout mice (Nex1Cre-ERT2:NrCAMflox/flox), molecular modeling, co-immunoprecipitation of holoreceptor complex, Rap1-GTPase and β1-integrin activity assays Cerebral cortex High 29415226
2018 Neurocan (a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) inhibits Sema3F-induced spine elimination by physically associating with NrCAM; glycosaminoglycan chain interactions of neurocan are required for this inhibitory effect on the NrCAM/Npn-2/PlexA3 Sema3F holoreceptor complex. ELISA binding assays, COS-7 cell morphological retraction assay, antibody blocking, spine elimination assay in cortical neuron cultures, immunoelectron microscopy Frontiers in cellular neuroscience High 30356641
2020 Alternative splicing of Nrcam exon 10 in dorsal root ganglia contributes to neuropathic pain; spinal nerve ligation increases exon 10 insertion (Nrcam+10 isoform), and antisense oligonucleotides targeting exon 10 that shift splicing toward the Nrcam-10 isoform attenuate mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and cold allodynia in mice. RNA-seq, antisense oligonucleotide splicing manipulation, DRG microinjection, intrathecal injection, behavioral pain assays (von Frey, Hargreaves, acetone) in mice The journal of pain High 31917219
2025 NrCAM and Ankyrin B mediate perisomatic synaptic contact between cholecystokinin (CCK) basket interneurons and pyramidal neurons in mouse medial prefrontal cortex; NrCAM null mice show a significant decrease in CCK-BC (but not PV-BC) synaptic puncta on PN soma, and Ankyrin B deletion from PNs phenocopies this loss. NrCAM null mice, Ankyrin B conditional knockout (Nex1Cre-ERT2:Ank2flox/flox), VGLUT3/VGAT immunolabeling, CCK-BC reporter mouse (Sncg-tdT), NrCAM co-localization with Sncg+ CCK-BCs Current research in neurobiology High 40276719
2025 A tumor-specific NrCAM proteoform lacking microexons 5 and 19 (Δex5Δex19 NRCAM) is uniformly expressed in pediatric high-grade gliomas; this proteoform (but not full-length NrCAM) is essential for pHGG cell migration and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, and a monoclonal antibody selective for Δex5Δex19 NrCAM enables T-cell-mediated tumor killing. Bulk and single-nuclei RNA-seq (short- and long-read), in vitro migration/invasion assays, in vivo tumor growth assays, monoclonal antibody development, FcRI-based universal immune receptor T-cell killing assay Cell reports High 40782352
2023 Rbfox1 (an RNA-binding protein) regulates alternative splicing of NrCAM exon 10 in dorsal root ganglia; peripheral nerve injury downregulates Rbfox1, increasing L-Nrcam (exon 10-included) variants; restoring Rbfox1 reduces nociceptive hypersensitivity, while mimicking its downregulation induces neuropathic pain. Transcriptome profiling of DRG after SNL, bioinformatics, lentiviral Rbfox1 overexpression and knockdown, RT-PCR isoform quantification, behavioral pain assays Neurotherapeutics High 38241164
2017 NrCAM activates MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in thyroid cancer via ectodomain shedding and binding to EGFR and α4β1 integrins; in turn, these pathways drive NrCAM overexpression through the GSK3β/β-catenin axis, forming a positive feedback loop. NrCAM knockdown/overexpression in thyroid cancer cells, co-immunoprecipitation with EGFR and integrins, in vivo nude mouse xenografts, BrafV600E transgenic mice The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Medium 27732334
2023 In hepatocellular carcinoma liver cancer stem cells, NrCAM activates EMT and metastasis-related MMPs through the MACF1-mediated β-catenin signaling pathway, facilitating intra-hepatic and lung metastasis. NrCAM inhibition in MYC-driven LCSC organoids, in vivo tumor allografts, scRNA-seq, co-immunoprecipitation/pathway analysis Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 37993901
2021 Alternative splicing of Nrcam exon 10 regulates neurite outgrowth of DRG neurons; antisense oligonucleotides targeting exon 10 (shifting toward short Nrcam variants) suppress neurite length in multiple DRG neuron subtypes via activation of EGFR signaling. DRG primary culture, Nrcam ASO treatment, immunostaining with DRG subtype markers, EGFR activation assays Neuroreport Medium 33850082
2022 NrCAM secreted by endometrial stromal cells increases progestin sensitivity of endometrial cancer cells by upregulating PRB through TET1-induced hydroxymethylation of the PRB gene promoter region. Co-culture experiments, NrCAM ELISA in conditioned medium, nude mouse xenografts with MPA±NrCAM, TET1 knockdown, bisulfite sequencing of PRB promoter hydroxymethylation Cancer gene therapy Medium 35388173

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1995 Axonin-1, Nr-CAM, and Ng-CAM play different roles in the in vivo guidance of chick commissural neurons. Neuron 290 7541632
1996 Molecular composition of the node of Ranvier: identification of ankyrin-binding cell adhesion molecules neurofascin (mucin+/third FNIII domain-) and NrCAM at nodal axon segments. The Journal of cell biology 285 8947556
1994 Ankyrin binding activity shared by the neurofascin/L1/NrCAM family of nervous system cell adhesion molecules. The Journal of biological chemistry 264 7961622
1991 Structure of a new nervous system glycoprotein, Nr-CAM, and its relationship to subgroups of neural cell adhesion molecules. The Journal of cell biology 179 2045418
2010 A glial signal consisting of gliomedin and NrCAM clusters axonal Na+ channels during the formation of nodes of Ranvier. Neuron 165 20188654
1997 Induction of neurite outgrowth through contactin and Nr-CAM by extracellular regions of glial receptor tyrosine phosphatase beta. The Journal of cell biology 153 9049255
2002 Nr-CAM is a target gene of the beta-catenin/LEF-1 pathway in melanoma and colon cancer and its expression enhances motility and confers tumorigenesis. Genes & development 150 12183361
2002 Identification of endothelial cell genes expressed in an in vitro model of angiogenesis: induction of ESM-1, (beta)ig-h3, and NrCAM. Microvascular research 138 11866539
1993 Induction of axonal growth by heterophilic interactions between the cell surface recognition proteins F11 and Nr-CAM/Bravo. Neuron 113 8274278
2011 The role of NrCAM in neural development and disorders--beyond a simple glue in the brain. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 111 22182708
2012 Optic chiasm presentation of Semaphorin6D in the context of Plexin-A1 and Nr-CAM promotes retinal axon midline crossing. Neuron 98 22632726
1992 Bravo/Nr-CAM is closely related to the cell adhesion molecules L1 and Ng-CAM and has a similar heterodimer structure. The Journal of cell biology 98 1512296
2011 Genome-wide association analysis of coffee drinking suggests association with CYP1A1/CYP1A2 and NRCAM. Molecular psychiatry 97 21876539
2001 Overlapping functions of the cell adhesion molecules Nr-CAM and L1 in cerebellar granule cell development. The Journal of cell biology 87 11564762
1995 Binding between the neural cell adhesion molecules axonin-1 and Nr-CAM/Bravo is involved in neuron-glia interaction. The Journal of cell biology 87 7490283
1996 Neurofascin induces neurites by heterophilic interactions with axonal NrCAM while NrCAM requires F11 on the axonal surface to extend neurites. The Journal of cell biology 82 8922386
1990 Topologically restricted appearance in the developing chick retinotectal system of Bravo, a neural surface protein: experimental modulation by environmental cues. The Journal of cell biology 81 2269667
2000 A direct interaction of axonin-1 with NgCAM-related cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) results in guidance, but not growth of commissural axons. The Journal of cell biology 75 10811834
2006 A role for Nr-CAM in the patterning of binocular visual pathways. Neuron 74 16701205
1992 Homophilic and heterophilic binding activities of Nr-CAM, a nervous system cell adhesion molecule. The Journal of cell biology 73 1527169
2001 Nr-CAM expression in the developing mouse nervous system: ventral midline structures, specific fiber tracts, and neuropilar regions. The Journal of comparative neurology 72 11329126
2014 Neural cell adhesion molecule NrCAM regulates Semaphorin 3F-induced dendritic spine remodeling. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 71 25143608
2009 Impaired sociability and cognitive function in Nrcam-null mice. Behavioural brain research 68 19540269
2006 NrCAM in addiction vulnerability: positional cloning, drug-regulation, haplotype-specific expression, and altered drug reward in knockout mice. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 68 16123759
2008 Association of the neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NRCAM) gene variants with autism. The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology 65 18664314
1997 Nr-CAM: a cell adhesion molecule with ligand and receptor functions. Cell and tissue research 64 9321706
2000 Design of the blockade of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor to avoid vascular occlusion (BRAVO) trial. American heart journal 62 10827369
2003 The role of the ankyrin-binding protein NrCAM in node of Ranvier formation. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 58 14602817
2001 Targeted ablation of NrCAM or ankyrin-B results in disorganized lens fibers leading to cataract formation. The Journal of cell biology 57 11449000
2001 Nr-CAM and neurofascin interactions regulate ankyrin G and sodium channel clustering at the node of Ranvier. Current biology : CB 57 11728309
1999 Nr-CAM promotes neurite outgrowth from peripheral ganglia by a mechanism involving axonin-1 as a neuronal receptor. Developmental biology 55 10328925
2014 Long-term maintenance of Na+ channels at nodes of Ranvier depends on glial contact mediated by gliomedin and NrCAM. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 51 24719088
1995 Expression of four immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules (L1, Nr-CAM/Bravo, neurofascin/ABGP, and N-CAM) in the developing mouse spinal cord. The Journal of comparative neurology 51 7706555
2004 NrCAM coupling to the cytoskeleton depends on multiple protein domains and partitioning into lipid rafts. Molecular biology of the cell 48 15254265
2005 The shed ectodomain of Nr-CAM stimulates cell proliferation and motility, and confers cell transformation. Cancer research 46 16357171
1993 Expression patterns of the cell adhesion molecule Nr-CAM during histogenesis of the chick nervous system. Neuroscience 46 8487956
2019 NrCAM is a marker for substrate-selective activation of ADAM10 in Alzheimer's disease. EMBO molecular medicine 43 30833305
2004 Examination of NRCAM, LRRN3, KIAA0716, and LAMB1 as autism candidate genes. BMC medical genetics 43 15128462
2011 NrCAM deletion causes topographic mistargeting of thalamocortical axons to the visual cortex and disrupts visual acuity. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 42 21273439
2006 Association analysis of the NrCAM gene in autism and in subsets of families with severe obsessive-compulsive or self-stimulatory behaviors. Psychiatric genetics 42 17106428
2021 Niraparib for Advanced Breast Cancer with Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations: the EORTC 1307-BCG/BIG5-13/TESARO PR-30-50-10-C BRAVO Study. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 41 34301749
2005 The cell adhesion molecule NrCAM is crucial for growth cone behaviour and pathfinding of retinal ganglion cell axons. Development (Cambridge, England) 41 16033798
1999 NrCAM, cerebellar granule cell receptor for the neuronal adhesion molecule F3, displays an actin-dependent mobility in growth cones. Journal of cell science 40 10462518
1998 Cell adhesion molecule Nr-CAM is over-expressed in human brain tumors. International journal of cancer 35 9590116
2017 Positive Feedback Loops Between NrCAM and Major Signaling Pathways Contribute to Thyroid Tumorigenesis. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 32 27732334
2007 NrCAM, a neuronal system cell-adhesion molecule, is induced in papillary thyroid carcinomas. British journal of cancer 31 17667921
2002 Nr-CAM and TAG-1 are expressed in distinct populations of developing precerebellar and cerebellar neurons. Neuroscience 31 12182881
1998 Alternative splicing of human NrCAM in neural and nonneural tissues. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 30 9604207
1996 Characterization of a highly conserved human homolog to the chicken neural cell surface protein Bravo/Nr-CAM that maps to chromosome band 7q31. Genomics 30 8812479
2019 Temporal Regulation of Dendritic Spines Through NrCAM-Semaphorin3F Receptor Signaling in Developing Cortical Pyramidal Neurons. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 28 29415226
2018 Neurocan Inhibits Semaphorin 3F Induced Dendritic Spine Remodeling Through NrCAM in Cortical Neurons. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience 26 30356641
2012 NrCAM-regulating neural systems and addiction-related behaviors. Addiction biology 26 22780223
2021 Precise transcriptional control of cellular quiescence by BRAVO/WOX5 complex in Arabidopsis roots. Molecular systems biology 25 34132490
2023 Liver cancer stem cell dissemination and metastasis: uncovering the role of NRCAM in hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 21 37993901
2015 Changes in D-dimer and inflammatory biomarkers before ischemic events in patients with peripheral artery disease: The BRAVO Study. Vascular medicine (London, England) 21 26647446
2009 Concurrent Lpin1 and Nrcam mouse mutations result in severe peripheral neuropathy with transitory hindlimb paralysis. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 21 19793967
2020 Alternative Splicing of Nrcam Gene in Dorsal Root Ganglion Contributes to Neuropathic Pain. The journal of pain 20 31917219
2018 Neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) is expressed by sensory cells in the cochlea and is necessary for proper cochlear innervation and sensory domain patterning during development. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 20 29536590
2006 The cytoplasmic domain of NrCAM binds to PDZ domains of synapse-associated proteins SAP90/PSD95 and SAP97. The European journal of neuroscience 19 16882004
2017 Laquinimod Safety Profile: Pooled Analyses from the ALLEGRO and BRAVO Trials. International journal of MS care 18 28243182
2001 Differential expression of the cell-adhesion molecule Nr-CAM in hyperplastic and neoplastic human pancreatic tissue. Human pathology 18 11331956
2013 Neuron glia-related cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) promotes topographic retinocollicular mapping. PloS one 17 24023801
2021 HIV clinic-based buprenorphine plus naloxone versus referral for methadone maintenance therapy for treatment of opioid use disorder in HIV clinics in Vietnam (BRAVO): an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. The lancet. HIV 16 33539760
2019 miR‑505 suppresses prostate cancer progression by targeting NRCAM. Oncology reports 16 31322225
2022 KLF9 regulates miR-338-3p/NRCAM axis to block the progression of osteosarcoma cells. Journal of Cancer 15 35399713
2013 Fine mapping for Weaver syndrome in Brown Swiss cattle and the identification of 41 concordant mutations across NRCAM, PNPLA8 and CTTNBP2. PloS one 15 23527149
1996 Synergistic neurite-outgrowth promoting activity of two related axonal proteins, Bravo/Nr-CAM and G4/Ng-CAM in chicken retinal explants. The European journal of neuroscience 15 8752579
1998 Alternative Splicing of Human NrCAM in Neural and Nonneural Tissues. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 14 9618219
1997 Historical events associated with fallout from Bravo Shot--Operation Castle and 25 Y of medical findings. Health physics 14 9199227
2014 Neural cell adhesion molecule NrCAM is expressed in the mammalian inner ear and modulates spiral ganglion neurite outgrowth in an in vitro alternate choice assay. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 13 25407819
2022 Loss of Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NrCAM Regulates Differentiation, Proliferation and Neurogenesis in Early Postnatal Hypothalamic Tanycytes. Frontiers in neuroscience 11 35464310
2019 CHL1 and NrCAM are Primarily Expressed in Low Grade Pediatric Neuroblastoma. Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) 11 31989042
2022 BRAVO self-confined expression through WOX5 in the Arabidopsis root stem-cell niche. Development (Cambridge, England) 10 35899779
2022 LncRNA RUNX1-IT1 affects the differentiation of Th1 cells by regulating NrCAM transcription in Graves' disease. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 9 35220890
2019 Expression and Function of Neuron-Glia-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule (NrCAM) in the Amygdalar Pathway. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 9 30766872
2009 Tolerability and clinical utility of the Bravo pH capsule in children. Journal of clinical gastroenterology 9 19349903
2008 Relation between aspirin dose, all-cause mortality, and bleeding in patients with recent cerebrovascular or coronary ischemic events (from the BRAVO Trial). The American journal of cardiology 9 18993142
2020 HIV care continuum characteristics among people with opioid use disorder and HIV in Vietnam: baseline results from the BRAVO study. BMC public health 8 32228522
2013 High Nr-CAM expression is associated with favorable phenotype and late PSA recurrence in prostate cancer treated by prostatectomy. Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases 8 23338556
2012 Association of the Neuronal Cell Adhesion Molecule (NrCAM) Gene Variants with Personality Traits and Addictive Symptoms in Methamphetamine Use Disorder. Psychiatry investigation 8 23251206
2023 A multi-center and non-interventional registry of brentuximab vedotin in patients with relapsed or refractory CD30-positive lymphoma: the CISL1803/BRAVO study. Blood research 7 38031473
2022 NrCAM secreted by endometrial stromal cells enhances the progestin sensitivity of endometrial cancer cells through epigenetic modulation of PRB. Cancer gene therapy 6 35388173
1983 Comparison of biological properties of St. Louis encephalitis and Rio bravo viruses. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 6 6305222
2022 Proteomic analysis of autoimmune retinopathy implicates NrCAM as a potential biomarker. Ophthalmology science 5 35529077
2022 Mapping of pituitary stress-induced gene regulation connects Nrcam to negative emotions. iScience 5 36060062
2022 The Potential Role of Serum Tau Protein (MAPT), Neuronal Cell Adhesion Molecule (NrCAM) and Neprilysin (NEP) in Neurodegenerative Disorders Development in Psoriasis-Preliminary Results. Journal of clinical medicine 5 36078974
2021 Genetic homogeneity coupled with morphometric variability suggests high phenotypic plasticity in the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi (Boxshall and Bravo, 2000), infecting farmed salmon (Salmo salar) along a wide latitudinal range in southern Chile. Journal of fish diseases 5 33484476
2024 CircNRCAM up-regulates NRCAM to promote papillary thyroid carcinoma progression. Journal of endocrinological investigation 4 38485895
2023 Rbfox1 regulates alternative splicing of Nrcam in primary sensory neurons to mediate peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics 4 38241164
2021 Using High-Pressure Technology to Develop Antioxidant-Rich Extracts from Bravo de Esmolfe Apple Residues. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 4 34573101
2015 Cerebrospinal Fluid NrCAM is not a Suitable Biomarker to Discriminate between Dementia Disorders--A Pilot Study. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 4 25812850
1988 Biochemical and biophysical characteristics of Rio Bravo virus (Flaviviridae). The Journal of general virology 4 2828514
1970 Growth of Rio Bravo virus in cell cultures. Applied microbiology 4 5498612
2022 Stress-induced headache in the general working population is moderated by the NRCAM rs2300043 genotype. Scandinavian journal of pain 3 36181733
2021 Antisense oligonucleotides targeting alternative splicing of Nrcam exon 10 suppress neurite outgrowth of ganglion sensory neurons in vitro. Neuroreport 3 33850082
2011 Temporal variation of phytoplankton from the tropical reservoir Valle de Bravo, Mexico. Journal of environmental biology 3 21888243
2025 Regulation of perisomatic synapses from cholecystokinin basket interneurons through NrCAM and Ankyrin B. Current research in neurobiology 2 40276719
2025 Reduced circulating NrCAM as a biomarker for fetal growth restriction. EBioMedicine 2 40694862
2025 NRCAM variant defined by microexon skipping is a targetable cell surface proteoform in high-grade gliomas. Cell reports 2 40782352
2016 Xenopus laevis neuronal cell adhesion molecule (nrcam): plasticity of a CAM in the developing nervous system. Development genes and evolution 2 27942869