| 2003 |
Bcl11b is required for V(beta) to D(beta) recombination and Tcrb mRNA expression in thymocytes; Bcl11b-deficient mice show a developmental block at the CD4-CD8 double-negative stage with absent pre-TCR complex on the cell surface and profound apoptosis, establishing Bcl11b as a key regulator of both differentiation and survival during thymocyte development. |
Bcl11b knockout mouse model; flow cytometry; PCR for Tcrb expression |
Nature immunology |
High |
12717433
|
| 2007 |
CTIP2 (BCL11B) recruits histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2 to promote local histone H3 deacetylation at the HIV-1 promoter, and associates with histone methyltransferase SUV39H1 to increase local H3K9 methylation, enabling HP1 protein recruitment and heterochromatin formation to silence HIV-1 transcription in microglial cells. |
Co-immunoprecipitation; chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP); reporter assays; confocal microscopy in microglial cells |
The EMBO journal |
High |
17245431
|
| 2003 |
CTIP2 colocalizes and physically associates with heterochromatin protein HP1alpha, and forms a three-protein complex with HIV-1 Tat via two distinct CTIP2 domains (residues 145-434 for Tat binding, 717-813 for HP1 binding), recruiting Tat into inactive chromatin regions and inhibiting Tat-mediated transactivation of HIV-1 in microglial cells. |
Co-immunoprecipitation; confocal microscopy; deletion mutant analysis; HIV-1 replication assays |
Journal of virology |
High |
12692243
|
| 2006 |
CTIP2 associates with the NuRD complex through direct interaction with RbAp46 and RbAp48 subunits, confers histone deacetylase activity to CTIP2 complexes, and co-occupies the p57KIP2 promoter with NuRD components to repress p57KIP2 transcription in neuroblastoma cells. |
Co-immunoprecipitation; chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP); HDAC activity assays; reporter assays in SK-N-MC cells |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
16950772
|
| 2007 |
BCL11B is required for positive selection of both CD4 and CD8 T cell lineages in double-positive thymocytes; BCL11B-deficient DP thymocytes display impaired proximal TCR signaling, attenuated ERK phosphorylation and calcium flux, and increased spontaneous apoptosis associated with elevated cleaved caspase-3 and altered pro-apoptotic/pro-survival factor balance. |
Conditional BCL11B knockout mice; flow cytometry; calcium flux assays; ERK phosphorylation assays; TCR transgene rescue experiments |
The Journal of experimental medicine |
High |
17998389
|
| 2008 |
Ctip2 is a major downstream effector of Fezf2 in specifying subcortical projection neuron fate in the cerebral cortex; ectopic Ctip2 expression redirects callosal projection neurons to project subcortically, and Ctip2 can rescue the axonal phenotype of Fezf2 mutants, placing Ctip2 genetically downstream of Fezf2 in this pathway. |
Fezf2 knockout mice; in utero electroporation; axonal tracing; epistasis analysis with double mutants |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
18678899
|
| 2008 |
Ctip2 is required for differentiation of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSN); in its absence, MSN markers including DARPP-32, FOXP1, Chrm4, and Plexin-D1 are dramatically reduced, MSN fail to aggregate into patches, and dopaminergic innervation is abnormal, establishing Ctip2 as a critical regulator of MSN differentiation and striatal architecture. |
Ctip2 knockout mice; immunohistochemistry; gene expression analysis; histological analysis of striatal organization |
The Journal of neuroscience |
High |
18199763
|
| 2009 |
CTIP2 silences the p21(WAF1) gene promoter by recruiting histone deacetylases and cooperating with SUV39H1 histone methyltransferase; CTIP2 and SUV39H1 co-occupy the silenced p21 promoter and cooperatively inhibit p21 transcription through histone H3K9 trimethylation, and CTIP2 abolishes Vpr-mediated stimulation of p21. |
ChIP; pharmacological inhibition with chaetocin (SUV39H1 inhibitor); reporter assays; siRNA knockdown; cell cycle analysis |
Oncogene |
High |
19581932
|
| 2011 |
LSD1 histone demethylase cooperates with CTIP2 to repress HIV-1 transcription in a synergistic manner; LSD1 recruitment to the HIV-1 proximal promoter is associated with both H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 epigenetic marks. |
ChIP; siRNA knockdown of LSD1; reporter assays; viral expression assays in microglial cells |
Nucleic acids research |
Medium |
22067449
|
| 2012 |
Bcl11b/Ctip2 plays a dual role in hippocampal neurogenesis: it controls feedback regulation of the progenitor cell compartment and regulates granule cell differentiation. Desmoplakin is identified as a direct transcriptional target of Bcl11b, and re-expression of Desmoplakin in Bcl11b mutants rescues impaired neurogenesis, placing Bcl11b upstream of Desmoplakin in hippocampal development. |
Forebrain-specific Bcl11b knockout mice; ChIP for direct target identification; Desmoplakin rescue experiment; behavioral testing (spatial learning) |
The EMBO journal |
High |
22588081
|
| 2013 |
CTIP2 is a negative regulator of P-TEFb activity; CTIP2 copurifies and interacts with an inactive P-TEFb complex containing 7SK snRNA and HEXIM1, associating directly with HEXIM1 and via the loop 2 of 7SK snRNA with P-TEFb, and significantly represses Cdk9 kinase activity. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathic mouse hearts, the inactive P-TEFb/CTIP2 complex associates with the MYH7 gene promoter to repress its activity. |
Co-purification; Co-immunoprecipitation; Cdk9 kinase activity assay; ChIP at MYH7 promoter; RNA-seq; siRNA knockdown |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
23852730
|
| 2013 |
BCL11B acts as a transcriptional repressor in Ewing sarcoma and contributes to the EWS/FLI repressed gene signature; its repressive activity is mediated through the NuRD co-repressor complex. Re-expression of SPRY1, a repressed BCL11B target, limits transformation in Ewing sarcoma cells. |
siRNA knockdown; gene expression profiling; reporter assays; Co-immunoprecipitation for NuRD complex association |
PloS one |
Medium |
23527175
|
| 2014 |
HMGA1 recruits the CTIP2-repressed inactive P-TEFb/7SK snRNP complex to cellular gene promoters and the HIV-1 promoter; HMGA1 knockdown reduces ChIP signals for CTIP2, 7SK, and P-TEFb at target promoters, revealing HMGA1 as the recruiting mechanism for the inactive P-TEFb complex. |
ChIP; siRNA knockdown of HMGA1 and CTIP2; reporter assays for HIV-1 and cellular promoters |
Nucleic acids research |
Medium |
24623795
|
| 2014 |
Unc5C expression is under direct negative regulation by Ctip2 in cortical neurons; Ctip2 directly represses Unc5C, and the Netrin1-Unc5C interaction downstream of Ctip2 controls corticofugal axon projections. |
Conditional knockout mice; ChIP (direct regulation); axonal tracing; epistasis analysis |
Nature communications |
Medium |
24739528
|
| 2015 |
Bcl11b acts directly upstream of Gfi1 to maintain its expression in mature ILC2s, and independently represses expression of the ILC3 transcription factor Ahr; Bcl11b-deficient ILC2s downregulate Gata3 and downstream IL-33 receptor, and upregulate Rorc and ILC3 genes, demonstrating a dual role in maintaining ILC2 identity and suppressing ILC3 programming. |
Conditional Bcl11b knockout mice; gene expression analysis; flow cytometry; functional cytokine production assays; ChIP for direct Ahr repression |
Immunity |
High |
26231117
|
| 2015 |
Bcl11b is wholly required for ILC2 development; in vivo deletion of Bcl11b abolishes ILC2 generation with concomitant expansion of RORγt+ ILC3 population, suggesting Bcl11b negatively regulates the ILC3 lineage. |
Bcl11b reporter mice; conditional tamoxifen-induced deletion; fetal liver chimera reconstitution; flow cytometry; Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection model |
The Journal of experimental medicine |
High |
25964370
|
| 2016 |
Bcl11b expression is activated through three distinct asynchronous mechanisms during T cell commitment: an early locus 'poising' function dependent on TCF-1 and GATA-3, a stochastic-permissivity function dependent on Notch signaling, and an amplitude-control function dependent on Runx1; these inputs act in a stage-specific manner to activate Bcl11b. |
Single-cell live imaging with Bcl11b knock-in fluorescent reporter mice; genetic perturbations of TCF-1, GATA-3, Notch, and Runx1; clonal analysis |
Nature immunology |
High |
27376470
|
| 2016 |
Protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of BCL11B at Serine 2 negatively regulates its interaction with NuRD complexes by dampening interaction with MTA1/MTA3 and RbAp46; upon T cell activation, phospho-Ser2 BCL11B still binds IL-2 and Id2 promoters but recruits P300 instead of MTA1 to activate transcription, defining a PTM-driven repressor-to-activator switch. |
Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous MTA1/MTA3; phospho-specific antibodies; ChIP at IL-2 and Id2 promoters; in vivo activation of primary human CD4+ T cells |
Molecular and cellular biology |
High |
27161321
|
| 2016 |
Bcl11b promotes mammary epithelial stem cell quiescence; gain- and loss-of-function studies show that Bcl11b induces cells to enter G0, and loss of Bcl11b leads to Cdkn2a-dependent exhaustion of ductal epithelium and loss of regenerative capacity. |
Conditional knockout mice; transplantation assays; gain-of-function overexpression; cell cycle analysis (G0 determination); genetic interaction with Cdkn2a |
Cell stem cell |
Medium |
28041896
|
| 2018 |
Bcl11b recruits distinct cofactors to selective target sites in pro-T cells; proteomics identified multiple Bcl11b-associated cofactors, Runx1 collaborates most frequently for both activation and repression, and Bcl11b directly represses Id2 and Zbtb16, which in turn control alternative innate lymphoid and NK/NKT cell programs. |
Proteomics (affinity purification-MS); ChIP-seq; stage-specific in vivo and in vitro deletions; RNA-seq; cofactor deletion epistasis |
Nature immunology |
High |
30374131
|
| 2018 |
Bcl11b binds GATA3 through protein-protein interaction, and they co-localize at Th2 cis-regulatory elements. The GATA3/Bcl11b complex limits Th2 gene expression (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), and Bcl11b upregulation of these cytokines in Bcl11b-deficient cells is completely GATA3-dependent. |
Co-immunoprecipitation; ChIP-seq; RNA-seq; Bcl11b conditional KO in Th2 cells; GATA3-dependence genetic rescue |
The Journal of experimental medicine |
High |
29514917
|
| 2018 |
BCL11B homodimerizes via its N-terminal CCHC zinc finger motif; this CCHC ZF is necessary and sufficient for dimer formation, and mutation of the CCHC ZF abolishes BCL11B transcription-regulatory activity, its ability to induce cell cycle arrest, and its protection against DNA-damage-driven apoptosis. |
FACS-FRET assay; affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry; deletion/point mutagenesis; cell cycle and apoptosis assays |
Molecular and cellular biology |
High |
29203643
|
| 2018 |
Bcl11b is required for maintaining chromatin accessibility at Th2-cytokine promoters and locus-control regions, binds the Il4 HS IV silencer to reduce its accessibility, binds Gata3-intronic and downstream non-coding sites to sustain Gata3 expression, and binds upstream enhancers at the Runx3 locus to deactivate them, thereby restricting Runx3 expression in Th2 cells. |
ChIP-seq; ATAC-seq; conditional Bcl11b KO in mature T cells; helminth infection and allergic asthma models |
Nature communications |
High |
29700302
|
| 2019 |
HIV-1 Vpr mediates proteasomal degradation of CTIP2 in microglial cells and CD4+ T cells via association with the Cul4A-DDB1-DCAF1 ubiquitin ligase complex; this Vpr-dependent depletion of CTIP2 at the latent HIV-1 promoter counteracts CTIP2-mediated viral gene silencing and reactivates HIV-1 expression. |
Co-immunoprecipitation with Cul4A-DDB1-DCAF1 complex; proteasome inhibitor rescue; ChIP at HIV-1 promoter; microglial HIV-1 latency model |
Scientific reports |
Medium |
31511615
|
| 2020 |
Bcl11b binding to genomic regions shows distinct cell-type-specific motif preferences and occupies functionally different sites in pro-T cells versus ILC2s, controlling totally different sets of target genes. In pro-T cells, Bcl11b represses Id2 preventing innate fates; in ILC2s, Bcl11b co-expresses with Id2 and does not repress it. Additionally, Bcl11b bears cell-type-specific post-translational modifications and organizes different cell-type-specific protein complexes. |
ChIP-seq comparing pro-T cells and ILC2s; proteomics; conditional cell-type-specific KO; gene expression analysis |
The Journal of experimental medicine |
High |
31653691
|
| 2012 |
Ctip2 directly and positively regulates EGFR transcription in proliferating keratinocytes and Notch1 transcription in differentiating keratinocytes, integrating proliferation/differentiation switching; EGFR activation downregulates Ctip2 at the transcript level, while high calcium signaling triggers SUMOylation, ubiquitination, and proteasomal degradation of Ctip2 protein. |
ChIP at EGFR and Notch1 promoters; reporter assays; calcium treatment; SUMOylation/ubiquitination assays; proteasome inhibitor experiments |
Journal of cell science |
Medium |
23015591
|
| 2015 |
Bcl11b regulates Wnt/β-catenin target gene expression; introduction of BCL11B in human cell lines downregulated transcription of β-catenin target genes, and Bcl11b attenuation in intestinal Lgr5+ crypt base columnar cells increased expression of β-catenin targets c-Myc and cyclin D1, linking BCL11B to intestinal tumorigenesis suppression. |
BCL11B overexpression in human cell lines; luciferase reporter assays for β-catenin targets; Lgr5-specific conditional KO mice; Apc(min/+) tumor model |
Carcinogenesis |
Medium |
25827435
|
| 2016 |
HIC1 physically interacts with both Bcl11b/CTIP2 and HMGA1 to co-regulate HIV-1 gene expression; HIC1 represses Tat-dependent HIV-1 transcription, this repression is linked to HIC1 K314 acetylation status and SIRT1 deacetylase activity, and HIC1 repression of Tat function occurs in a TAR-dependent manner. |
Co-immunoprecipitation; reporter assays; siRNA knockdown; acetylation assays; SIRT1 inhibitor treatment |
Scientific reports |
Medium |
27725726
|
| 2016 |
Bcl11b is required for BCL11B-dependent repression of Thpok prior to the pre-selection stage of thymocyte development; this initial Thpok repression is independent of the known Thpok silencer and requires the last zinc-finger motif of Bcl11b, which is dispensable for T-lineage commitment, thus mechanistically separating priming of lineage-specifying genes from commitment. |
Conditional Bcl11b KO mice; zinc-finger domain deletion mutants; gene expression analysis of Thpok and Runx3; lineage scrambling analysis |
Nature communications |
Medium |
28951542
|
| 2019 |
Bcl11b controls odorant receptor class choice in olfactory sensory neurons; loss of Bcl11b causes neurons to adopt class I OR fate by default, while gain-of-function shows Bcl11b dictates class II OR choice by suppressing the activity of the J-element, a class I-OR enhancer, revealing a binary transcriptional switch mechanism. |
Conditional Bcl11b KO and gain-of-function mice; in situ hybridization for OR class expression; behavioral olfaction assays |
Communications biology |
Medium |
31396576
|
| 2019 |
Bcl11b directly binds genomic regulatory regions of Treg program genes, overlapping with Foxp3 binding, and controls their chromatin accessibility; Bcl11b-deficient Treg cells show decreased expression of essential Treg program genes and gain myeloid and NK cell programs, demonstrating Bcl11b restrains innate lineage programs in Treg cells. |
Treg-specific conditional KO mice; ChIP-seq; ATAC-seq; gene expression analysis; autoimmunity phenotypic assay |
Science advances |
High |
31457080
|
| 2021 |
BCL11B regulates NK cell differentiation; Bcl11b represses RUNX2 in canonical NK cells and ZBTB16 in adaptive NK cells; ectopic Bcl11b expression drives NK cell differentiation, and Bcl11b is required for adaptive NK cell responses in a murine cytomegalovirus model. |
Transcriptomics and epigenomics of seven human NK cell populations; ectopic Bcl11b expression; BCL11B-mutated patient analysis; MCMV infection model |
Science immunology |
Medium |
33712472
|
| 2023 |
BCL11B and the NuRD complex physically associate and cooperatively repress NK-cell fate in T cells; deletion of NuRD subunits (MTA2, MBD2, CHD4) or BCL11B reprograms T cells into NK-like cells (ITNKs) that upregulate OPA1, exhibit elongated mitochondria with augmented OXPHOS, and elevated acetyl-CoA that drives H3K27 acetylation at specific targets. |
Co-immunoprecipitation of BCL11B with NuRD; genetic deletion of NuRD subunits and BCL11B in human T cells; metabolic profiling (OXPHOS); ChIP for H3K27ac; functional antitumor assays |
The EMBO journal |
High |
37737560
|
| 2024 |
Bcl11b directly regulates C1ql2, a synaptic organizer that controls synaptic vesicle recruitment and LTP at mossy fiber-CA3 synapses; C1ql2 exerts its function through direct interaction with the specific splice variant Nrxn3(25b+), and interruption of C1ql2-Nrxn3(25b+) interaction or deletion of Nrxn3 in dentate gyrus granule neurons recapitulates Bcl11b and C1ql2 mutant synaptic phenotypes. |
ChIP for direct Bcl11b target; conditional KO mice; electrophysiology (LTP at mossy fiber-CA3); Co-IP of C1ql2-Nrxn3(25b+); non-binding C1ql2 mutant rescue; synaptic vesicle analysis |
eLife |
High |
38358390
|
| 2024 |
BCL11B succeeds PU.1 in a 'relay' mechanism to maintain mSWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex occupancy together with RUNX1 at T effector loci after PU.1 silencing during lineage commitment, thereby poising the T cell effector chromatin landscape before TCR expression. |
ATAC-seq; ChIP-seq for BCL11B, RUNX1, PU.1, mSWI/SNF components; conditional KO at defined developmental stages; chromatin accessibility profiling |
Nature immunology |
High |
38632339
|
| 2019 |
CTIP2 governs PKA signaling in human medium spiny neurons; transcriptomic analysis of CTIP2-deficient MSNs identifies CTIP2 target genes at the heart of cAMP-Ca2+ signal integration, and CTIP2 deficiency causes substantial reduction in phosphorylation of DARPP32 and GLUR1, two PKA targets. This CTIP2-dependent dysregulation is shared by Huntington's disease hPSC-derived MSNs and HD mouse model striatal tissues. |
Transcriptomics of CTIP2-deficient human iPSC-derived MSNs; phosphorylation analysis of DARPP32 and GLUR1; HD mouse model validation |
Stem cell reports |
Medium |
31447328
|
| 2012 |
BCL11B regulates FGF, TGFβ superfamily, Sprouty, and Sonic hedgehog pathway gene networks to control epithelial proliferation and developmental asymmetry of the mouse incisor; BCL11B is necessary for proliferation of the labial epithelium and suppresses epithelial proliferation on the lingual side, establishing bidirectional context-dependent transcriptional control. |
Bcl11b conditional KO mice (incisor-specific); ChIP; gene expression analysis of FGF/TGFβ/Shh target genes |
PloS one |
Medium |
22629441
|
| 2015 |
Bcl11b-deficient craniofacial skeleton shows increased proliferation of osteoprogenitors, premature osteoblast differentiation, and enhanced skull mineralization leading to craniosynostosis; ectopic expression of Fgfr2c and Runx2 is detected in affected sutures of Bcl11b-/- mice, suggesting BCL11B normally represses Fgfr2c in sutural mesenchyme to prevent the RUNX2-dependent osteogenic program. |
Bcl11b knockout mice; histology; immunohistochemistry for FGFR2c and RUNX2; gene expression analysis |
Developmental biology |
Medium |
26453795
|
| 2016 |
BCL11B regulates adipogenesis by stimulating C/EBPβ transcriptional activity and suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway; BCL11B expression transiently increases during adipogenesis, BCL11B knockdown reduces adipogenic capacity in 3T3-L1 cells and MEFs, and BCL11B-/- MEFs show failure to suppress Wnt/β-catenin target genes during differentiation. |
BCL11B knockout MEFs; 3T3-L1 knockdown; luciferase reporter assays for C/EBPβ activity and β-catenin targets; gene expression analysis |
Scientific reports |
Medium |
27586877
|
| 2012 |
Ctip2 controls epidermal lipid metabolism; Ctip2-/- mice display altered ceramide and sphingomyelin composition, and Ctip2 is recruited to the promoter regions of genes involved in skin sphingolipid biosynthesis, suggesting direct transcriptional regulation of these genes. |
Ctip2 knockout mice; targeted lipidomics by mass spectrometry; ChIP at sphingolipid gene promoters |
The Journal of investigative dermatology |
Medium |
23096701
|
| 2023 |
Bcl11b sustains the multipotent/multifunctional transcriptional program of intestinal-resident memory CD8+ T cells by maintaining chromatin accessibility and activating histone marks at TCF7 and other MP/MF program loci, while restricting the effector program (Prdm1/Blimp1) and limiting Ahr expression; Bcl11b acts upstream of Tcf1 and Blimp1 in the tissue residency program. |
Post-activation conditional Bcl11b KO in CD8+ T cells; ATAC-seq; ChIP for histone marks; Listeria infection model; recall response assays |
Science immunology |
High |
37115913
|