Affinage

RSF1

Remodeling and spacing factor 1 · UniProt Q96T23

Length
1441 aa
Mass
163.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
72 papers in source corpus 23 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RSF1 is a chromatin-associated scaffold that, together with its ISWI-family partner SNF2H/SMARCA5, coordinates DNA damage repair, centromere integrity during mitosis, and damage-responsive transcription. At DNA double-strand breaks, RSF1 is recruited in an ATM-dependent manner and assembles HDAC1 to deacetylate H2A(X)-K118, licensing both H2A-K119 ubiquitination for transcriptional silencing at lesions and γH2AX propagation for MDC1-mediated repair signaling; it also recruits centromere proteins CENP-S/CENP-X to promote NHEJ via XRCC4, and facilitates homologous recombination through RPA32/Rad51 loading and FANCD2/FANCI mono-ubiquitination (PMID:24351651, PMID:24800743, PMID:23974106, PMID:34850117). During mitosis, RSF1 localizes to centromeres where it recruits HDAC1 to enable the H2A-K118 deacetylation→H2A-T120 phosphorylation→Shugoshin cascade for cohesion protection, and drives a CDK1(Ser1375)→PLK1(Ser1359) phosphorylation relay that activates Aurora B at Thr236 for error correction in chromosome alignment (PMID:30242288, PMID:26259146, PMID:34635673). RSF1 also promotes p53/p300-dependent transcription of damage-response genes such as CDKN1A by facilitating p300 and FACT complex recruitment to target loci, and its overexpression—frequent in 11q13.5-amplified cancers—drives genomic instability, NF-κB-mediated drug resistance, and IL-1β-dependent angiogenesis (PMID:30348983, PMID:39579530, PMID:16172393, PMID:19190325, PMID:33496909).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 16 steps
  1. 2002 High

    Identification of RSF1 (HBXAP) as a PHD-finger-containing nuclear factor that possesses intrinsic transcriptional repressor activity and can coactivate NF-κB when complexed with HBV pX established its dual role in transcriptional regulation.

    Evidence Co-IP, in vitro binding, GAL4-tethering reporter assays in transfected cells

    PMID:11788598 PMID:11944984

    Open questions at the time
    • Endogenous target genes regulated by RSF1 repression were unknown
    • Whether the PHD finger reads specific histone marks was not tested
  2. 2004 Medium

    Mapping RSF1's NF-κB repression to its coiled-coil domain (aa 688–722) and PHD finger, along with co-localization to the nuclear matrix, revealed that RSF1 uses distinct domains for nuclear targeting and transcriptional regulation.

    Evidence Deletion mutagenesis, nuclear matrix fractionation, co-IP, luciferase reporter

    PMID:15242768

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether NF-κB repression is direct or requires chromatin remodeling activity was unresolved
    • Nuclear matrix interaction partners beyond NF-κB were not identified
  3. 2005 High

    Gain- and loss-of-function experiments established RSF1 as a functional oncogene whose overexpression drives proliferation and transformation, explaining the selective pressure for 11q13.5 amplification in cancer.

    Evidence Stable overexpression, siRNA knockdown in RSF1-amplified OVCAR3, colony and soft-agar assays

    PMID:16172393

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream effector pathways mediating transformation were not defined
    • Whether oncogenic activity requires the RSF chromatin remodeling complex was unknown
  4. 2008 High

    Domain mapping of the RSF1–SNF2H interaction (via the N-terminal Rsf-D4 region) and demonstration that RSF1 stabilizes and relocalizes SNF2H to the nucleus established the RSF complex as the functional unit, with a dominant-negative fragment selectively toxic to RSF1-amplified cells.

    Evidence Co-IP, in vitro competition, immunofluorescence, xenograft models

    PMID:18519663

    Open questions at the time
    • Crystal structure of the RSF1–SNF2H interface was lacking
    • Whether the SNF2H-binding domain overlaps with other interaction surfaces was unclear
  5. 2009 High

    Demonstrating that RSF1 overexpression confers paclitaxel resistance only when the intact RSF complex is present linked chromatin remodeling activity to chemoresistance and identified the complex as a therapeutic vulnerability.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown of RSF1/SNF2H, paclitaxel cytotoxicity assays across multiple cell lines

    PMID:19190325

    Open questions at the time
    • Chromatin substrates remodeled by RSF to confer drug resistance were not identified
    • Whether resistance extends to other chemotherapeutics was not systematically tested
  6. 2010 High

    Showing that acute RSF1 overexpression generates DNA double-strand breaks and activates ATM–CHK2–p53–p21 in a SNF2H-dependent manner, with chronic overexpression selecting TP53-mutant clones, provided a mechanistic link between RSF1 amplification and genomic instability.

    Evidence Inducible overexpression, comet assay, γH2AX IF, ATM inhibitor, TP53 knockout selection

    PMID:20923775

    Open questions at the time
    • How excess chromatin remodeling activity creates DSBs was mechanistically unclear
    • Whether RSF1-driven instability requires transcription-replication conflicts was untested
  7. 2013 High

    A series of studies revealed that RSF1 is actively recruited to DSBs in an ATM-dependent, phosphorylation-dependent manner where it promotes both HR (via RPA32/Rad51 recruitment) and NHEJ (via CENP-S/CENP-X/XRCC4 assembly), with the CENP-S/X recruitment being SMARCA5-independent, delineating RSF1's specific contributions from those of its remodeling partner.

    Evidence Micro-irradiation, live-cell imaging, siRNA, site-directed mutagenesis of ATM-SQ sites, HR/NHEJ reporter assays, epistasis with CENP-S/X and XRCC4

    PMID:23974106 PMID:24351651

    Open questions at the time
    • The precise ATM phosphorylation sites on RSF1 governing DSB accumulation were not definitively mapped
    • Whether CENP-S/X recruitment to DSBs occurs via direct RSF1 binding or an intermediary was unclear
  8. 2013 High

    Discovery that RSF1 co-precipitates with cyclin E1 via its N-terminal 441 residues and that co-expression with cyclin E1 in TP53-mutant cells activates CDK2 and neoplastic transformation connected RSF1 to cell cycle kinase signaling beyond chromatin remodeling.

    Evidence Co-IP, nanoelectrospray MS, CDK2 kinase assay, focus formation assay in RK3E cells

    PMID:23378270

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RSF1 is a direct CDK2 substrate was not tested
    • How cyclin E1 interaction relates to RSF1's chromatin remodeling function was undefined
  9. 2014 High

    Establishing that RSF1 interacts with ATM in a break- and kinase-dependent manner and recruits CENP-S/CENP-X to DSBs, which in turn promote FANCD2/FANCI mono-ubiquitination, placed RSF1 upstream of the Fanconi anemia interstrand crosslink repair pathway.

    Evidence Co-IP, siRNA, immunofluorescence at laser-induced DSBs, FANCD2/FANCI ubiquitination assays, HR/NHEJ repair reporters

    PMID:24800743

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RSF1 directly contacts FANCD2/FANCI or acts solely through CENP-S/X was not resolved
    • Contribution to crosslink repair specifically was not tested
  10. 2015 High

    Mapping the CDK1(Ser1375)→PLK1(Ser1359) phosphorylation cascade on RSF1 at kinetochores, with phosphomimetic rescue of chromosome alignment defects, revealed RSF1 as a mitotic phospho-scaffold that recruits and stabilizes PLK1 at kinetochores.

    Evidence Co-IP, site-directed mutagenesis, phosphomimetic/phosphodead rescue, live-cell imaging, siRNA

    PMID:26259146

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether other kinases contribute to RSF1 kinetochore phosphorylation was not addressed
    • Structural basis of PLK1 PBD recognition of phospho-RSF1 was not determined
  11. 2018 High

    Two parallel discoveries in 2018 established that RSF1 recruits HDAC1 to centromeres to deacetylate H2A-K118, enabling the BUB1→H2A-T120ph→Shugoshin cohesion protection cascade, and that RSF1 protein stability is controlled by a balance between SNF2H-mediated protection and ATM-phosphorylation-driven turnover, with both mechanisms essential for genome integrity.

    Evidence Co-IP, ChIP, histone modification assays, acetylation/phosphorylation-mimetic mutants, cycloheximide chase, proteasome inhibitor, DSB repair assays, in vivo KO mice

    PMID:29385673 PMID:30242288 PMID:30348983

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether HDAC1 recruitment uses the same RSF1 domain at centromeres and DSBs was not tested
    • How ATM-phosphorylated RSF1 is recognized for proteasomal degradation (ubiquitin ligase identity) was unknown
  12. 2021 High

    Extension of the RSF1–HDAC1 axis to DSBs showed that H2A(X)-K118 deacetylation licenses both H2A-K119 ubiquitination for transcriptional silencing and γH2AX spreading for MDC1 recruitment, unifying RSF1's roles in damage-site transcription control and repair signaling; simultaneously, RSF1–PLK1 was shown to phosphorylate Aurora B at Thr236, completing the kinase relay governing error correction during mitosis.

    Evidence ChIP at DSBs, acetylation-mimetic H2A-K118Q, γH2AX/MDC1 IF, kinase assays, structural modeling, siRNA epistasis

    PMID:34635673 PMID:34850117

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RSF1-HDAC1 activity at DSBs is cell-cycle-phase dependent was not determined
    • Direct structural evidence for PLK1–Aurora B interaction on RSF1 was not obtained
  13. 2021 High

    Demonstrating that RSF1 co-transactivates IL1B via SNF2H and CEBP/β, driving IL-1β-dependent tumor angiogenesis, expanded RSF1's oncogenic repertoire beyond genomic instability to include pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling.

    Evidence ChIP at IL1B promoter, siRNA knockdown of RSF1/SNF2H/CEBPB, IL-1β neutralization, xenograft models

    PMID:33496909

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RSF1 activates other inflammatory genes beyond IL1B was not explored
    • CEBP/β–RSF1 direct interaction was not biochemically characterized
  14. 2023 Medium

    Identification of a ubiquitin-associated binding (UAB) domain in RSF1 that reads H2AK119ub, with functional validation in Xenopus gastrulation, established RSF1 as a reader of PRC1-deposited histone marks, connecting it to Polycomb-mediated gene regulation during development.

    Evidence Xenopus morpholino knockdown, UAB-deletion rescue, ectopic ring1a-smad2 fusion ubiquitination, in situ hybridization

    PMID:37529237

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the UAB domain is conserved in human RSF1 and functions similarly was not validated
    • Genome-wide H2AK119ub targets regulated via RSF1 were not mapped
    • Single model organism (Xenopus); mammalian confirmation needed
  15. 2024 Medium

    Showing that RSF1 promotes p53-dependent CDKN1A transcription by facilitating p300 acetyltransferase and FACT complex (SSRP1/SPT16) accumulation at the enhancer and promoter respectively, with concomitant increases in H3K27ac and H3K4me1, defined the chromatin mechanism by which RSF1 enables damage-responsive gene activation.

    Evidence Co-IP (RSF1–p300), ChIP at CDKN1A locus, RSF1 knockout cell lines, etoposide treatment

    PMID:39579530

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RSF1 directly contacts FACT subunits or acts indirectly through chromatin remodeling was not resolved
    • Genome-wide scope of RSF1-dependent p53 target gene regulation was not assessed
  16. 2025 Medium

    Quantitative live-cell kinetics placed RSF1 and CENP-S/X recruitment to DSBs after ATM activation and RNF8/RNF168 ubiquitin signaling, with removal coinciding with RPA loading and RAD51 assembly, temporally positioning RSF1 at the DNA repair pathway choice step; separately, KAT8-mediated acetylation of RSF1 at K1050 was linked to heterochromatin maintenance.

    Evidence Live-cell micro-irradiation kinetics in HeLa, cell-cycle-phase enrichment; acetylation proteomics, KAT8 knockdown, RSF1-K1050 mutagenesis

    PMID:40450933 PMID:40636284

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RSF1 removal is actively regulated or passive was not determined
    • Functional consequence of K1050 acetylation on RSF1 chromatin remodeling activity was not directly tested
    • In vivo validation of FTO–KAT8–RSF1 axis in skin aging models is limited

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the structural basis of the RSF1–SNF2H complex, the identity of the E3 ligase targeting ATM-phosphorylated RSF1 for degradation, whether the UAB domain functions as an H2AK119ub reader in mammalian cells, and how RSF1's mitotic and DNA repair functions are coordinately regulated across the cell cycle.
  • No high-resolution structure of RSF1 or the RSF complex exists
  • The E3 ubiquitin ligase mediating ATM-phosphorylation-dependent RSF1 turnover is unidentified
  • Cell-cycle-dependent partitioning of RSF1 between centromere/kinetochore and DSB functions is poorly understood

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 6 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 5 GO:0042393 histone binding 3
Localization
GO:0000228 nuclear chromosome 4 GO:0005694 chromosome 4 GO:0005634 nucleus 3
Pathway
R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 6 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 5 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 4 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 4
Partners
ATMCENPSCENPXEP300HDAC1PLK1SMARCA5TP53
Complex memberships
RSF complex (RSF1–SNF2H/SMARCA5)

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2002 HBXAP (RSF1) physically interacts with hepatitis B virus X protein (pX) in vitro and in vivo via the HBXAP region containing the PHD finger domain, and this interaction coactivates NF-κB transcription; HBXAP alone represses transcription when recruited to DNA via GAL4, with the PHD finger domain sufficient for transcriptional repression. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro binding assay, GAL4-tethering transcription reporter assay, transfection/luciferase assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 11788598 11944984
2004 HBXAP (RSF1) represses NF-κB-mediated gene activation in a dose-dependent manner; HBXAP and NF-κB co-localize to the nuclear matrix with a direct physical interaction; nuclear matrix targeting requires a coiled-coil sequence (aa 688–722), and either the coiled-coil or the PHD finger domain is required for transcriptional repression. Co-immunoprecipitation, nuclear matrix fractionation, deletion mutagenesis, luciferase reporter assay Experimental cell research Medium 15242768
2005 RSF1 (HBXAP) overexpression stimulates cell proliferation and confers serum-independent and anchorage-independent growth in non-neoplastic cells; RSF1 knockdown inhibits growth of OVCAR3 cells harboring RSF1 amplification, establishing RSF1 as a functional oncogene. Stable overexpression, siRNA knockdown, colony formation assay, soft-agar assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 16172393
2008 RSF1 interacts with hSNF2H through its Rsf-D4 fragment (aa ~1–441 region containing a mapped binding domain); ectopic RSF1 expression elevates hSNF2H protein levels and translocates hSNF2H into the nucleus where they co-localize; expression of the dominant-negative Rsf-D4 fragment inhibits growth of RSF1-amplified ovarian cancer cells but not cells lacking RSF1. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro competition assay, deletion mutagenesis, immunofluorescence, xenograft mouse model Cancer research High 18519663
2009 RSF1 confers paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer; disruption of the RSF1/hSNF2H complex (by hSNF2H knockdown or interference with their interaction) re-sensitizes RSF1-overexpressing tumor cells to paclitaxel, establishing that intact RSF complex formation is required for the drug-resistance phenotype. siRNA knockdown of RSF1 and hSNF2H, paclitaxel cytotoxicity assays, ectopic overexpression, candidate gene screen of 11q13.5 amplicon Cancer research High 19190325
2010 Acute RSF1 overexpression in non-transformed cells induces DNA double-strand breaks, γH2AX foci, and activation of the ATM–CHK2–p53–p21 pathway leading to growth arrest and apoptosis; this requires formation of a functional RSF complex with SNF2H, as deletion mutants that cannot bind SNF2H fail to trigger the DNA damage response. Chronic RSF1 induction causes chromosomal aberrations and selects for TP53-mutant clones. Inducible overexpression, deletion mutagenesis, gene knockdown, comet assay, γH2AX immunofluorescence, ATM inhibitor treatment, TP53 knockout/mutation experiments, co-culture selection assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 20923775
2013 RSF1 accumulates at DNA double-strand break (DSB) sites in an ATM-dependent manner; ATM phosphorylation of RSF1 at putative pSQ motifs is required for its accumulation at DSBs; RSF1 promotes homologous recombination repair by facilitating recruitment of resection factors RPA32 and Rad51; RSF1 depletion attenuates DNA damage checkpoint signaling and cell survival after DNA damage. Micro-irradiation with live-cell imaging, immunofluorescence, siRNA depletion, site-directed mutagenesis of ATM phosphorylation sites, epistasis with checkpoint markers Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) High 24351651
2013 RSF1 co-immunoprecipitates with cyclin E1 (identified by nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry); the first 441 amino acids of RSF1 are sufficient for cyclin E1 interaction. Co-expression of RSF1 and cyclin E1 in TP53-mutant cells activates CDK2 kinase activity and promotes neoplastic transformation; expression of the truncated RSF1 N-terminal domain (aa 1–441) blocks G1/S transition, proliferation, and tumor formation. Co-immunoprecipitation, nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry, deletion mutagenesis, CDK2 kinase assay, focus formation/tumorigenic assay in RK3E cells The Journal of pathology High 23378270
2013 RSF1 accumulates at DSB sites and promotes repair via both HR and NHEJ; RSF1 facilitates assembly of centromere proteins CENP-S and CENP-X at DNA damage sites independently of SMARCA5; CENP-S/CENP-X in turn promote assembly of NHEJ factor XRCC4 at damaged chromatin; SMARCA5 (not RSF1) governs RNF168-dependent ubiquitin signaling for BRCA1 recruitment. siRNA depletion, laser micro-irradiation and live-cell imaging, immunofluorescence at DSBs, epistasis analysis, NHEJ/HR reporter assays Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) High 23974106
2013 RSF1 (HBxAPα) physically associates with hBubR1 and HBx in the chromatin fraction during mitosis; HBxAPα/RSF1 mediates the interaction between HBx and hBubR1; HBxAPα/RSF1 depletion impairs HBx targeting to kinetochores without affecting hBubR1 kinetochore localization; HBx binding to hBubR1 (stabilized by RSF1) attenuates hBubR1–Cdc20 interaction, increasing mitotic aberrations. Co-immunoprecipitation (chromatin fraction), siRNA knockdown, deletion mutant analysis, immunofluorescence at kinetochores Carcinogenesis Medium 23536579
2014 RSF1 physically interacts with ATM in a DSB- and ATM-kinase-activity-dependent manner; RSF1 is required for ATM-dependent recruitment of CENP-S/MHF1 and CENP-X/MHF2 to DSBs; these histone fold proteins recruit and regulate mono-ubiquitination of Fanconi Anaemia proteins FANCD2 and FANCI; RSF1 is required for efficient repair via end-joining and homology-directed repair but not for checkpoint signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA depletion, immunofluorescence at laser-induced DSBs, FANCD2/FANCI ubiquitination assay, HR/NHEJ repair assays PLoS biology High 24800743
2015 RSF1 localizes at mitotic kinetochores and directly binds PLK1; CDK1 phosphorylates RSF1 at Ser1375, which is necessary for PLK1 recruitment to kinetochores; PLK1 then phosphorylates RSF1 at Ser1359, stabilizing PLK1 deposition; RSF1 depletion phenocopies PLK1 knockdown (chromosome misalignment), and phosphomimetic RSF1-S1375D or S1359D rescues this defect, while S1375A does not. Co-immunoprecipitation, live-cell imaging, immunofluorescence, site-directed mutagenesis of phosphorylation sites, siRNA depletion, rescue experiments with phosphomimetic/phosphodead mutants Nature communications High 26259146
2018 RSF1 is necessary for p53-dependent gene transcription in response to DNA strand breaks; RSF1 deficiency reduces binding of the p53/p300 complex and subsequent H3 acetylation at promoters of p53 target genes; neural-specific Rsf1 knockout prevents DNA damage-induced apoptosis during neurogenesis without causing basal neuropathological abnormalities. Neural-specific Rsf1 knockout mice, RNA-seq, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP for p53, p300, H3ac), human cell line RSF1 knockdown, DNA damage assays Cell death & disease High 30348983
2018 RSF1 interacts with and recruits HDAC1 to centromeres during mitosis; RSF1-recruited HDAC1 deacetylates histone H2A at K118, counteracting TIP60-mediated acetylation; this deacetylation is required for BUB1-mediated H2A-T120 phosphorylation (H2A-K118ac suppresses H2A-T120 phosphorylation); H2A-T120ph is required for Shugoshin (Sgo1) localization to centromeres, protecting cohesion and ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP, histone modification assays, siRNA/knockout, phosphomimetic and acetylation-mimetic mutants, immunofluorescence at centromeres Nature communications High 30242288
2018 RSF1 protein levels are transiently upregulated after DNA damage at the post-translational level (without change in mRNA); SNF2H binding protects RSF1 from degradation; ATM-mediated phosphorylation of RSF1 (at three SQ motifs) promotes RSF1 turnover; an RSF1-3SA mutant lacking ATM phosphorylation sites accumulates to higher levels but fails to support efficient DSB repair, establishing that proper temporal regulation of RSF1 levels by SNF2H and ATM is required for DNA repair. Cycloheximide chase, proteasome inhibitor assays, site-directed mutagenesis (3SA), ATM kinase overexpression, DSB repair assays, immunoblotting Molecules and cells High 29385673
2021 RSF1 requires hSNF2H and CEBP/β to co-transactivate the IL1B promoter; RSF1 overexpression increases IL-1β mRNA, secretion, and angiogenic capacity; this pro-angiogenic activity is blocked by IL1B knockdown or IL-1β-neutralizing antibodies; RSF1 knockdown inhibits tumor growth and vascularization in xenografts. RT-PCR profiling, ChIP/promoter assays, siRNA knockdown of RSF1/hSNF2H/CEBPB, IL-1β neutralization, in vivo xenograft model Angiogenesis High 33496909
2021 RSF1-recruited HDAC1 deacetylates H2A(X)-K118 at DSB sites; this deacetylation is required for ubiquitination of H2A at K119 (H2A-K119ub); H2A-K118Q acetylation mimetic suppresses H2A-K119ub and perturbs transcriptional repression at DNA lesions; deacetylation of H2AX-K118 also licenses γH2AX propagation and MDC1 recruitment, enabling efficient DNA repair; the RSF1-HDAC1 complex thus simultaneously controls transcriptional repression and DNA repair in transcriptionally active chromatin. ChIP, histone modification assays, acetylation-mimetic mutants (H2A-K118Q), siRNA/knockout, immunofluorescence (γH2AX, MDC1), transcriptional repression assays at DSBs Nucleic acids research High 34850117
2021 RSF1-PLK1 at centromeres creates an activating phosphorylation on Aurora B at Thr236 (in the activation loop), which is indispensable for Aurora B activation and microtubule destabilization in error correction; structural modeling shows phospho-Thr236 enhances base catalysis facilitating Thr232 autophosphorylation; under full microtubule-kinetochore attachment, Aurora B-mediated phosphorylation of centromeric histone H3 at Ser28 triggers spatial movement of RSF1-PLK1 to kinetochores, halting Aurora B activation and phosphorylating BubR1. Phosphorylation site mutagenesis, kinase assays, structural modeling, immunofluorescence, siRNA depletion, epistasis analysis Nature communications High 34635673
2023 RSF1 reads histone H2AK119ub via its UAB domain; in Xenopus, RSF1 knockdown causes gastrulation and neural/neural crest defects similar to PRC1 component knockdown; a UAB-deleted RSF1 construct unable to bind H2AK119ub nucleosomes fails to rescue rsf1 morphants; ectopic H2AK119ub deposition on the Smad2 target gene gsc (via ring1a-smad2 fusion) recruits RSF1 ectopically. Xenopus morpholino knockdown, rescue with wild-type vs. UAB-deletion mutants, ring1a-smad2 fusion-protein ectopic ubiquitination, in situ hybridization for neural markers Frontiers in cell and developmental biology Medium 37529237
2024 RSF1 promotes p53-dependent p21 (CDKN1A) gene transcription by facilitating accumulation of p300 acetyltransferase at the CDKN1A enhancer and FACT complex subunits (SSRP1, SPT16) at its promoter; RSF1 loss reduces acetylation of p53-K382 and decreases H3K27ac and H3K4me1 marks at the CDKN1A locus; RSF1 co-precipitates with p300 upon DNA damage. Co-immunoprecipitation (RSF1-p300), ChIP (p300, TBP, SSRP1, SPT16, H3K27ac, H3K4me1 at CDKN1A), RSF1 knockout cell lines, etoposide DNA damage treatment Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 39579530
2025 KAT8 acetylates RSF1 at K1050; FTO depletion reduces KAT8 expression (via m6A-YTHDF2-dependent mRNA destabilization), leading to decreased RSF1 acetylation and subsequent heterochromatin loss associated with skin aging. RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq, acetylation proteomics, KAT8 knockdown, site-specific mutagenesis of RSF1-K1050 MedComm Medium 40636284
2025 RSF1, CENP-S, and CENP-X are recruited to DSBs with a half-time of ~100 s and removed with a half-time of ~2000 s as determined by live-cell micro-irradiation; recruitment occurs in G1, S, and G2 with delayed/stronger recruitment in G2; temporal calibration places RSF1/CENP-S/CENPX recruitment after ATM activation and RNF8-RNF168 activity, and their removal coincides with RPA loading and RAD51 assembly, positioning them at the time of pathway choice and resection. Live HeLa cell micro-irradiation, fluorescence kinetics measurement calibrated to published DDR timelines, cell cycle phase enrichment DNA repair Medium 40450933

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 72 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 Amplification of a chromatin remodeling gene, Rsf-1/HBXAP, in ovarian carcinoma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108 16172393
2000 RSF1, an Arabidopsis locus implicated in phytochrome A signaling. Plant physiology 86 10982420
2010 Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma upregulates markers associated with high-grade serous carcinomas including Rsf-1 (HBXAP), cyclin E and fatty acid synthase. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 77 20228782
2018 LncRNA NEAT1/let-7a-5p axis regulates the cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting Rsf-1 and modulating the Ras-MAPK pathway. Cancer biology & therapy 76 29565706
2009 Functional analysis of 11q13.5 amplicon identifies Rsf-1 (HBXAP) as a gene involved in paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer. Cancer research 60 19190325
2010 Rsf-1, a chromatin remodeling protein, induces DNA damage and promotes genomic instability. The Journal of biological chemistry 54 20923775
2013 Remodeling and spacing factor 1 (RSF1) deposits centromere proteins at DNA double-strand breaks to promote non-homologous end-joining. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 53 23974106
2021 CircRNA RSF1 regulated ox-LDL induced vascular endothelial cells proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation through modulating miR-135b-5p/HDAC1 axis in atherosclerosis. Biological research 52 33757583
1999 Antagonism between RSF1 and SR proteins for both splice-site recognition in vitro and Drosophila development. Genes & development 50 10090730
2016 Two asian jumbo phages, ϕRSL2 and ϕRSF1, infect Ralstonia solanacearum and show common features of ϕKZ-related phages. Virology 49 27081857
2008 The roles of human sucrose nonfermenting protein 2 homologue in the tumor-promoting functions of Rsf-1. Cancer research 48 18519663
2002 Hepatitis B virus pX interacts with HBXAP, a PHD finger protein to coactivate transcription. The Journal of biological chemistry 46 11788598
2018 RSF-1 overexpression determines cancer progression and drug resistance in cervical cancer. BioMedicine 42 29480799
2000 Cloning of the Arabidopsis RSF1 gene by using a mapping strategy based on high-density DNA arrays and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. The Plant cell 42 11148292
2011 Overexpression of a chromatin remodeling factor, RSF-1/HBXAP, correlates with aggressive oral squamous cell carcinoma. The American journal of pathology 41 21514451
2014 The RSF1 histone-remodelling factor facilitates DNA double-strand break repair by recruiting centromeric and Fanconi Anaemia proteins. PLoS biology 40 24800743
2020 Circular RNA RSF1 promotes inflammatory and fibrotic phenotypes of irradiated hepatic stellate cell by modulating miR-146a-5p. Journal of cellular physiology 39 31960423
2017 Rsf-1 Influences the Sensitivity of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer to Paclitaxel by Regulating NF-κB Pathway and Its Downstream Proteins. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 36 29258089
2002 HBXAP, a novel PHD-finger protein, possesses transcription repression activity. Genomics 34 11944984
2013 Rsf-1, a chromatin remodelling protein, interacts with cyclin E1 and promotes tumour development. The Journal of pathology 33 23378270
2013 ATM-dependent chromatin remodeler Rsf-1 facilitates DNA damage checkpoints and homologous recombination repair. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 33 24351651
2006 Expression of Rsf-1, a chromatin-remodeling gene, in ovarian and breast carcinoma. Human pathology 31 16938522
2020 lncRNA-PRLB Confers Paclitaxel Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Regulating RSF1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals 29 33156701
2020 Long Noncoding RNA SNHG6 Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating miR-490-3p/RSF1 Axis. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals 27 32202941
2022 linc00958/miR-185-5p/RSF-1 modulates cisplatin resistance and angiogenesis through AKT1/GSK3β/VEGFA pathway in cervical cancer. Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E 26 36056431
2015 The chromatin remodeller RSF1 is essential for PLK1 deposition and function at mitotic kinetochores. Nature communications 26 26259146
2011 Associations of Rsf-1 overexpression with poor therapeutic response and worse survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Journal of clinical pathology 26 22081787
2018 The chromatin remodeler RSF1 controls centromeric histone modifications to coordinate chromosome segregation. Nature communications 22 30242288
2018 Chromatin-remodeling factor, RSF1, controls p53-mediated transcription in apoptosis upon DNA strand breaks. Cell death & disease 22 30348983
1999 Recognition of exonic splicing enhancer sequences by the Drosophila splicing repressor RSF1. Nucleic acids research 22 10325428
2017 RSF1 regulates the proliferation and paclitaxel resistance via modulating NF-κB signaling pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Journal of Cancer 20 28261335
2012 Rsf-1 is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancers and regulates cyclinD1 expression and ERK activity. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20 22387541
2017 RSF1 functions as an oncogene in osteosarcoma and is regulated by XIST/miR-193a-3p axis. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 19 28843909
2013 HBxAPα/Rsf-1-mediated HBx-hBubR1 interactions regulate the mitotic spindle checkpoint and chromosome instability. Carcinogenesis 17 23536579
2011 Rsf-1 (HBXAP) expression is associated with advanced stage and lymph node metastasis in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. International journal of gynecological pathology : official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists 17 21131837
2011 Rsf-1/HBXAP overexpression is associated with disease-specific survival of patients with gallbladder carcinoma. APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica 17 21995635
2021 The chromatin remodeler RSF1 coordinates epigenetic marks for transcriptional repression and DSB repair. Nucleic acids research 15 34850117
2020 LncRNA NEAT1 Promotes the Progression of Gastric Cancer Through Modifying the miR-1224-5p/RSF1 Signaling Axis. Cancer management and research 15 33244266
2023 Exosome-delivered circRNA circSYT15 contributes to cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer cells through the miR-503-5p/RSF1 axis. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 14 37974391
2015 Overexpression of hSNF2H in glioma promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and chemoresistance through its interaction with Rsf-1. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 14 26666816
2011 DNA Damage Response is Prominent in Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinomas, Especially Those with Rsf-1 (HBXAP) Overexpression. Journal of oncology 14 22028712
2004 Functional interaction between nuclear matrix-associated HBXAP and NF-kappaB. Experimental cell research 14 15242768
2021 RSF1 in cancer: interactions and functions. Cancer cell international 13 34147108
2020 HMGB1 regulates SNAI1 during NSCLC metastasis, both directly, through transcriptional activation, and indirectly, in a RSF1-IT2-dependent manner. Molecular oncology 13 32306523
2012 Rsf-1/HBXAP overexpression is independent of gene amplification and is associated with poor outcome in patients with urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma. Journal of clinical pathology 13 22685262
2021 Spatiotemporal coordination of the RSF1-PLK1-Aurora B cascade establishes mitotic signaling platforms. Nature communications 12 34635673
2020 RSF-1 siRNA Enhances Tumor Radiosensitivity in Cervical Cancer via Enhanced DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Redistribution, and Promotion of Apoptosis. OncoTargets and therapy 11 32308437
2014 Overexpression of Rsf-1 correlates with pathological type, p53 status and survival in primary breast cancer. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 11 25337201
2018 Post-Translational Regulation of the RSF1 Chromatin Remodeler under DNA Damage. Molecules and cells 10 29385673
2021 RSF1 requires CEBP/β and hSNF2H to promote IL-1β-mediated angiogenesis: the clinical and therapeutic relevance of RSF1 overexpression and amplification in myxofibrosarcomas. Angiogenesis 9 33496909
2019 Rsf‑1 regulates malignant melanoma cell viability and chemoresistance via NF‑κB/Bcl‑2 signaling. Molecular medicine reports 9 31485613
2013 RSF1 and not cyclin D1 gene amplification may predict lack of benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen in high-risk pre-menopausal women in the MA.12 randomized clinical trial. PloS one 8 24367492
2012 Characterization of RSF-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of the Ras-association domain family protein 1. Experimental cell research 8 23103556
2021 Let-7a targets Rsf-1 to modulate radiotherapy response of non-small cell lung cancer cells through Ras-MAPK pathway. Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology 5 34565000
2010 Dendritic cells transduced with Rsf-1/HBXAP gene generate specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes against ovarian cancer in vitro. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 5 20226169
2008 Expression of the chromatin remodeling factor Rsf-1 is down-regulated in breast carcinoma effusions. Human pathology 5 18289639
2022 miR-129-5p Plays an Anticancer Role in Colon Cancer by Targeting RSF1. Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France) 4 35818253
2018 Effects of RSF-1 on proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Oncology letters 4 30214561
2025 MicroRNA miR-193b-3p Regulates Esophageal Cancer Progression Through Targeting RSF1. Cells 3 40558555
2025 Depletion of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Protein (FTO) Drives Heterochromatin Loss via Lysine Acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8)-Mediated Remodeling and Spacing Factor 1 (RSF1) Acetylation in Skin Aging. MedComm 3 40636284
2023 Recognition of H2AK119ub plays an important role in RSF1-regulated early Xenopus development. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 3 37529237
2022 Transcriptome Sequencing Reveal That Rno-Rsf1_0012 Participates in Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease Rats via Binding to Rno-mir-298-5p. Brain sciences 2 36138942
2013 Quantification of serum HBXAP DNA in lung cancer patients by quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction. Molecular biology reports 2 23456648
1991 The RSF1 gene regulates septum formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of bacteriology 2 2013573
2026 De novo heterozygous variants of the RSF1 gene are responsible for a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 1 41606215
2025 Dynamics of chromatin factors RSF1, CENPS and CENPX at DNA damage sites. DNA repair 1 40450933
2025 Chromatin Remodeler RSF1 as an Oncogenic Driver and Therapeutic Target in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cells 1 40862741
2024 RSF1 orchestrates p53 transcriptional activity by coordinating p300 acetyltransferase and FACT complex. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1 39579530
2017 Correction: The RSF1 Histone-Remodelling Factor Facilitates DNA Double Strand Break Repair by Recruiting Centromeric and Fanconi Anaemia Proteins. PLoS biology 1 28146553
2015 A novel protein, Rsf1/Pxd1, is critical for the single-strand annealing pathway of double-strand break repair in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Molecular microbiology 1 25777942
2026 RSF-1/hSNF2H Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Adenoid Cystic Cancer Cells. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 0 41949721
2025 Correction to "Depletion of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Protein (FTO) Drives Heterochromatin Loss via Lysine Acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8)-Mediated Remodeling and Spacing Factor 1 (RSF1) Acetylation in Skin Aging". MedComm 0 40979215