Affinage

PLK1

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 · UniProt P53350

Length
603 aa
Mass
68.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 55 papers cited in narrative 54 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

PLK1 is a cell-cycle-regulated serine/threonine kinase whose expression is restricted to proliferating cells and peaks at the G2/M boundary, where it functions as a master coordinator of mitotic entry, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis (PMID:8127874, PMID:9083047). Its catalytic activity is gated by activation-loop phosphorylation at T210, which Aurora-A together with its cofactor Bora installs and sustains throughout mitosis as a bistable switch, while a Bora-supported dimer-to-monomer transition couples T210 phosphorylation to importin-dependent nuclear shuttling (PMID:24338364, PMID:34759346); DNA damage suppresses T210/S137 phosphorylation through ATM/ATR–CHK1/CHK2 signaling, and PP2A-B55 directly dephosphorylates PLK1 during checkpoint recovery (PMID:15611664, PMID:31072185). Substrate selection is governed by the C-terminal polo-box domain, which docks onto CDK1- or Aurora-A-primed phosphopeptides on partners and substrates (PMID:11050165, PMID:30202980); this docking logic recruits PLK1 to kinetochores via BUB1 and CENP-U, where CDK1 priming also promotes local PLK1 dimerization (PMID:33248027). Once positioned, PLK1 phosphorylates a broad network to drive centrosome maturation and spindle assembly (CEP215, with scaffolding by Gravin), kinetochore-microtubule attachment and chromosome alignment (CLIP-170 at S312, and a BRCA2–PP2A–BUBR1 complex assembled on PLK1-phosphorylated BRCA2-T207), and chromatin-based maintenance of centromere and kinetochore integrity against spindle pulling forces by suppressing BLM and acting with PICH (PMID:29282278, PMID:24451569, PMID:32286328, PMID:31253795, PMID:31468671). PLK1 controls cytokinesis by releasing centralspindlin from the midzone through PRC1 inhibition to permit RhoA activation and by promoting Cep55/ESCRT loading at the abscission bridge (PMID:30728176, PMID:30069007). Beyond mitosis, PLK1 restrains the DNA damage response and replication by phosphorylating Mre11, CtIP, Polθ, PrimPol, and Rif1 (PMID:28512243, PMID:30202980, PMID:37674080, PMID:34860556, PMID:34469577), deposits CENP-A in early G1 through PBD recognition of self-primed Mis18 complex phosphosites (PMID:39236163, PMID:39236175), and suppresses p53 directly and via Numb degradation (PMID:15024021, PMID:29059161). Its activity is further tuned by lysine methylation (SET7/9 at K191, SETD6 at K209/K413), by CUL3-KLHL22-mediated ubiquitylation at K492 that evicts it from kinetochores, and by an Apolo1–PP1γ feedback circuit (PMID:31863092, PMID:30622182, PMID:23455478, PMID:34260926), and it additionally regulates non-mitotic processes including NLRP3 inflammasome positioning, Hedgehog/Gli1 signaling, and lysosomal acidification/autophagy (PMID:37698938, PMID:30578313, PMID:37640723).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 19 steps
  1. 1994 Medium

    Established PLK1 as a serine/threonine kinase whose expression is tightly coupled to proliferation, framing it as a candidate mitotic regulator rather than a constitutive enzyme.

    Evidence cDNA cloning and Northern analysis across synchronized and resting cells

    PMID:8127874

    Open questions at the time
    • No catalytic substrates identified at this stage
    • Expression correlation does not establish function
  2. 1997 Medium

    Defined how PLK1 abundance is restricted to G2/M, identifying a CDE/CHR repressor and upstream activating elements that enforce cell-cycle-dependent transcription.

    Evidence Promoter-luciferase deletion/mutation analysis in synchronized HeLa cells

    PMID:9083047

    Open questions at the time
    • Trans-acting factors binding these elements not fully defined
    • Does not address post-translational control
  3. 2000 High

    Demonstrated that the polo-box domain is required for substrate engagement, establishing the docking logic central to PLK1 targeting, using GRASP65 as the first PBD-dependent substrate.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, co-IP, in vitro kinase assay with PBD deletion/frameshift mutants

    PMID:11050165

    Open questions at the time
    • Priming kinase for the PBD docking site not defined here
    • GRASP65 phosphosites not mapped
  4. 2003 High

    Showed PLK1 is required for viability and genome stability, as its loss triggers 4N arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis through p53/ATM, establishing it as an essential mitotic gene and drug target rationale.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown, FACS, caspase assays, non-degradable Plk1 rescue across cancer lines

    PMID:12732729

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct substrates causing the arrest not pinpointed
    • Mechanism of DNA damage in p53-null cells unresolved
  5. 2004 High

    Identified PLK1 as a direct suppressor of p53, providing a mechanism by which it antagonizes pro-apoptotic and checkpoint responses.

    Evidence Co-IP with deletion mutants, luciferase reporters, kinase-dead PLK1 analysis

    PMID:15024021

    Open questions at the time
    • p53 phosphosite(s) not fully mapped
    • In vivo relevance to tumor suppression untested here
  6. 2005 Medium

    Linked PLK1 activation to DNA-damage signaling and to replication machinery, showing T210/S137 phosphorylation is checkpoint-suppressed and that the PBD binds the MCM2-7 complex.

    Evidence Phosphopeptide mapping with ATM/ATR and CHK inhibitors; PBD pulldown and fractionation

    PMID:15611664 PMID:15654075

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the physiological T210 kinase not established here
    • Functional consequence of PLK1-MCM binding untested
  7. 2013 High

    Resolved the activation logic and a key off-switch: Aurora-A/Bora sustains T210 phosphorylation as a bistable switch through mitosis, while CUL3-KLHL22 ubiquitylates K492 to evict PLK1 from kinetochore phosphoreceptors.

    Evidence Inhibitor/synchronization with Bora siRNA; MS site mapping with non-ubiquitylatable K492R mutant and SAC assays

    PMID:23455478 PMID:24338364

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative threshold of the switch not defined
    • Other E3 ligases for PLK1 not excluded
  8. 2014 High

    Defined substrate-level control of kinetochore-microtubule attachment and apoptotic threshold, showing PLK1 phospho-cycling of CLIP-170 enables stable attachments and PLK1 phosphorylation of procaspase-8 restrains extrinsic death.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assays, phospho-site mutants, live imaging, Fas-stimulation apoptosis assays

    PMID:24451569 PMID:24484936

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphatase counteracting CLIP-170 S312 not identified
    • Caspase-8 control not validated in vivo
  9. 2014 Medium

    Mapped upstream regulatory inputs balancing PLK1 activity, with the LKB1–NUAK1–MYPT1-PP1 axis promoting dephosphorylation and DNA-PKcs controlling PLK1 stability and midbody recruitment.

    Evidence Co-IP, kinase assays, siRNA epistasis, localization studies

    PMID:24166892 PMID:24722282

    Open questions at the time
    • DNA-PKcs claims rest on single-method readouts per assertion
    • Direct vs indirect dephosphorylation not fully separated
  10. 2017 High

    Extended PLK1 into the DNA damage response and centrosome scaffolding, showing it phosphorylates Mre11 to limit MRN loading, degrades Numb to antagonize p53, and requires Gravin scaffolding for centrosomal activity.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assays, phospho-site mutants, chromatin loading assays, FRAP/FRET biosensor with separation-of-function Gravin mutant

    PMID:28512243 PMID:29059161 PMID:29282278

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of these arms to genome stability unquantified
    • Numb-axis tested mainly in cancer models
  11. 2018 High

    Showed PLK1 activation is coupled to completion of DNA replication and demonstrated kinase-dependent control of CtIP-mediated repair choice and Cep55/ESCRT-dependent abscission.

    Evidence Degron and inhibitor systems with activity reporters; in vitro kinase assays with HR/MMEJ reporters; inducible knock-in mouse with abscission imaging

    PMID:30008317 PMID:30069007 PMID:30202980

    Open questions at the time
    • Sensor linking replication state to PLK1 not fully defined
    • Dose-dependence of PLK1 in abscission not mapped
  12. 2019 High

    Defined methylation-based fine-tuning and chromatin-based centromere protection, with SET7/9-K191 and SETD6-K209/K413 dampening kinase activity and chromatin-localized PLK1 suppressing BLM/PICH-driven centromere disintegration.

    Evidence In vitro methylation assays with non-methylatable mutants; PLK1 inhibition with BLM/PICH co-depletion rescue and chromatin-tethered PLK1 constructs

    PMID:30622182 PMID:31253795 PMID:31468671 PMID:31863092

    Open questions at the time
    • Demethylases for these sites not identified
    • Direct chromatin substrates maintaining integrity not all mapped
  13. 2019 Medium

    Linked PLK1 to cytokinesis signaling, Hedgehog/Gli1 control, and checkpoint-recovery dephosphorylation, broadening its regulatory reach beyond core spindle functions.

    Evidence Live imaging of centralspindlin/RhoA with PRC1 knockdown; in vitro kinase assay and reporter assays for Gli1-S481; co-IP and siRNA epistasis for PP2A-B55

    PMID:30578313 PMID:30728176 PMID:31072185

    Open questions at the time
    • Centralspindlin substrate of PLK1 not specified
    • PP2A-B55 study relies on single-lab epistasis
  14. 2020 High

    Established the dominant kinetochore-recruitment mechanism and additional attachment control, identifying BUB1 and CENP-U as the main PLK1 receptors via CDK1-primed docking and BRCA2-T207 as a docking site assembling a PP2A-BUBR1 complex.

    Evidence In vitro reconstitution and ectopic localization for BUB1/CENP-U; phosphosite mapping and complex co-IP with cancer-variant analysis for BRCA2

    PMID:32286328 PMID:33248027

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative split between BUB1 and CENP-U pools not fully resolved
    • Functional output of dimerization at kinetochores incomplete
  15. 2020 High

    Demonstrated organismal-level mitotic and meiotic roles, with PLK1 required for chromosome compaction, MTOC organization, and spindle formation in oocytes.

    Evidence Oocyte-specific conditional Plk1 knockout mouse with marker immunofluorescence

    PMID:32267211

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct substrates driving compaction not identified
    • Distinction from somatic mitotic roles partial
  16. 2021 High

    Resolved the dimer-monomer activation switch and expanded PLK1 into replication and feedback control, including PrimPol and Rif1 phosphorylation, the Apolo1-PP1γ inactivation loop, and DNMT3a/PLK1 transcriptional feedback.

    Evidence Co-IP of dimers with T210 mutants and importin assays; in vitro kinase assays with phospho-mutants; FRET biosensor and PP1γ interaction assays

    PMID:34051063 PMID:34260926 PMID:34469577 PMID:34759346 PMID:34860556

    Open questions at the time
    • Integration of multiple feedback loops in vivo unresolved
    • Some replication findings rely on Xenopus extract systems
  17. 2022 Medium

    Extended PLK1 into immune and tumor-relevant signaling, showing it positions NLRP3 via MTOC control, restrains NF-κB/PD-L1 through RB-S758, and that its dysregulation downstream of BRCA1 loss misorients cell division.

    Evidence BioID and co-IP with in vivo inflammasome models; in vitro RB kinase assay with NF-κB/PD-L1 readouts; division-axis imaging across BRCA1-mutant lines

    PMID:14654792 PMID:27398835 PMID:31597699 PMID:35459234 PMID:35950917 PMID:37698938

    Open questions at the time
    • Some interphase roles rely on single-lab evidence
    • Causal substrate for NLRP3 positioning not defined
  18. 2023 High

    Defined PLK1 as a driver of mitotic DSB repair and lysosomal/autophagy control, activating Polθ and recruiting it to mitotic breaks via TOPBP1, and acidifying lysosomes via ATP6V1A phosphorylation.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assays, co-IP, mitotic DSB repair and synthetic-lethality assays; Plk1 knockout mice with lysosomal pH and autophagic flux readouts

    PMID:37640723 PMID:37674080

    Open questions at the time
    • Polθ phosphosite identity not fully mapped
    • Tissue specificity of the lysosomal axis incompletely defined
  19. 2024 High

    Completed the cell-cycle arc by showing PLK1 promotes CENP-A deposition in early G1 through PBD recognition of self-primed Mis18 complex phosphosites, activating Mis18 and enabling HJURP-dependent loading.

    Evidence Phosphosite mapping, PBD binding assays, CENP-A deposition assays, HJURP co-IP across two independent studies

    PMID:39236163 PMID:39236175

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphatase resetting Mis18 sites not defined
    • Timing relative to PLK1 inactivation at mitotic exit unresolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How the many PLK1 inputs (T210 phosphorylation, dimer-monomer state, methylation, ubiquitylation, phosphatase feedback) are integrated to produce spatially and temporally distinct substrate selection across mitosis, the DNA damage response, and interphase processes remains unresolved.
  • No unified quantitative model linking PLK1 modification state to substrate prioritization
  • Relative contribution of mitotic vs non-mitotic functions to organismal phenotypes unquantified

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 12 GO:0016740 transferase activity 5 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 3
Localization
GO:0005694 chromosome 5 GO:0005815 microtubule organizing center 3 GO:0005634 nucleus 1 GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 7 R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 4 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 2 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2 R-HSA-69306 DNA Replication 2 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 1 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 1
Partners
AURKABORABRCA2BUB1CENP-UCUL3-KLHL22GRASP65PP2A-B55
Complex memberships
BRCA2-PP2A-BUBR1 complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 54 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1994 Human PLK (PLK1) encodes a serine/threonine kinase of 603 amino acids; its mRNA expression is strongly correlated with mitotic activity of cells, being absent in resting cells and induced upon cell cycle entry. cDNA cloning, Northern blot analysis, cell synchronization experiments Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 8127874
1997 The PLK1 promoter contains a repressor element (CDE/CHR) near the transcription start site that mediates cell cycle-dependent transcription; three activating regions are located between −35 and −93 bp upstream, with promoter activity maximal at G2/M phase. PLK promoter/luciferase constructs in synchronized HeLa cells, deletion/mutation analysis The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 9083047
2000 PLK1 binds to and phosphorylates the Golgi peripheral protein GRASP65 in vitro and in vivo; deletion or frameshift mutations in the conserved C-terminal polo-box domain of PLK1 greatly diminish its ability to phosphorylate GRASP65, demonstrating the PBD is required for this substrate interaction. Yeast two-hybrid screen, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, deletion/frameshift mutant analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 11050165
2000 The Ste20-like kinase SLK can phosphorylate and activate murine PLK1; SLK activity increases during G2 phase progression, proposing SLK as an upstream kinase regulating PLK1 in the somatic cell cycle. In vitro kinase assay, endogenous SLK activity measurements, cell synchronization Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms Medium 10886374
2003 Depletion of PLK1 by siRNA causes cell cycle arrest with 4N DNA content, formation of dumbbell-like chromatin, activation of caspase-3, and apoptosis; the p53 pathway and ATM are involved in PLK1-depletion-induced apoptosis, and DNA damage occurs even in p53-null cells. Vector-based siRNA knockdown, FACS, caspase-3 activation assay, rescue with non-degradable Plk1, ATM inhibitor co-treatment Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 12732729
2003 BRCA1 mediates repression of PLK1 mRNA after ionizing radiation through a CHK1-dependent pathway, and loss of BRCA1 impairs this downregulation, linking BRCA1 to G2/M checkpoint control via PLK1 transcriptional suppression. RT-PCR of PLK mRNA in irradiated BRCA1−/− cells vs. BRCA1-reconstituted cells, CHK1 inhibitor (UCN-01) treatment Oncogene Medium 14654792
2004 PLK1 physically binds to the sequence-specific DNA-binding domain of p53 and phosphorylates it, inhibiting p53 transactivation of p21WAF1, MDM2, and BAX promoters and its pro-apoptotic function; kinase-dead PLK1 fails to repress p53 transcriptional activity. Co-immunoprecipitation with deletion mutants, confocal co-localization, luciferase reporter assay, endogenous p21 induction assay, kinase-dead mutant analysis The Journal of biological chemistry High 15024021
2005 PLK1 phosphorylation at T210 (activation loop) and S137 occurs in mitosis; DNA damage prevents phosphorylation at both sites in asynchronous cells through ATM/ATR and CHK1/CHK2 pathways; constitutively active T210D mutant is insensitive to DNA damage-induced inhibition. In vivo phosphopeptide mapping, T210D mutant analysis, kinase inhibitor treatments (ATM/ATR, CHK1/CHK2 inhibitors) Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Medium 15611664
2005 The polo-box domain (PBD) of PLK1 interacts with MCM2 and MCM7 (and the entire MCM2-7 complex); the strongest interaction between endogenous PLK1 and Mcm7 is detected in a soluble chromatin fraction, suggesting a role for PLK1 in coordinating DNA replication and mitotic events. PBD-bait pulldown screen, co-immunoprecipitation, subcellular fractionation, immunoblot The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 15654075
2007 TTDN1 is identified as a PLK1-interacting protein; CDK1 phosphorylates TTDN1, which is required for TTDN1-PLK1 interaction; mutation of Thr120 in TTDN1's PLK1-binding motif abolishes the interaction; TTDN1 co-localizes with PLK1 at centrosomes during mitosis and the midbody during cytokinesis. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, site-directed mutagenesis, immunofluorescence co-localization Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS Medium 17310276
2007 Crystal structure of the PLK1 kinase domain with BI 2536 reveals that Leu132 in the hinge region creates a small pocket exploited by the methoxy group of BI 2536 for selectivity against non-PLK kinases; structure solved to inform structure-based drug design. X-ray crystallography (co-crystal structure of PLK1 KD with BI 2536) Chemical biology & drug design High 18005335
2008 Crystal structure of wild-type PLK1 kinase domain in complex with DARPin 3H10 determined at 2.3 Å resolution, revealing the active conformation of PLK1; DARPin enabled crystallization by masking a surface patch rich in charged residues. X-ray crystallography using DARPin-assisted co-crystallization Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography High 18391401
2008 PLK-1 protein is distributed asymmetrically in C. elegans two-cell embryos with more present in the anterior AB blastomere than in P1; this asymmetry is regulated by PAR-protein-dependent anterior-posterior polarity cues through preferential protein retention; mild PLK-1 RNAi delays mitotic entry specifically in P1, promoting asynchronous cell division. Live imaging, RNAi knockdown, PAR mutant analysis in C. elegans embryos Development (Cambridge, England) Medium 18305005
2010 PICH and PLK1 cooperate to maintain chromosome architecture during prometaphase; PICH knockdown removes PLK1 from chromosome arms causing disorganized chromosomes with open/X-shaped configuration consistent with loss of arm cohesion; chromosome disorganization is prevented by topoisomerase II inhibitor, indicating the PICH-PLK1 complex maintains architecture through topoisomerase II. siRNA knockdown of PICH, immunofluorescence, topoisomerase II inhibitor (ICRF-193) treatment Molecular biology of the cell Medium 20130082
2013 CUL3-KLHL22 E3 ubiquitin ligase ubiquitylates PLK1 at Lys492 within the polo-box domain, causing degradation-independent dissociation of PLK1 from kinetochore phosphoreceptors; non-ubiquitylatable PLK1-K492R accumulates at kinetochores, activates the spindle assembly checkpoint, and phenocopies KLHL22 inactivation. Mass spectrometry identification, Co-IP, K492R mutant expression, live imaging, spindle assembly checkpoint assays Nature cell biology High 23455478
2013 Aurora-A together with its cofactor Bora remains the major activator of PLK1 during mitosis (not only at G2/M transition); a small fraction of Bora is retained in mitosis, essential for continued Aurora-A-dependent T210 phosphorylation; PLK1 activation acts as a bistable switch requiring minimal Bora-Aurora-A once fully active. Kinase inhibitor treatments, cell synchronization, immunoblotting for pT210, siRNA knockdown of Bora Journal of cell science Medium 24338364
2014 Sequential phosphorylation of procaspase-8 by CDK1/cyclin B1 (at S387, generating a PBD-docking site) and then PLK1 (at S305) during mitosis inhibits extrinsic apoptotic signaling; non-phosphorylatable S305A caspase-8 increases Fas-stimulated cell death; PLK1 inhibitor BI 2536 lowers the threshold for Fas-induced death. RNAi replacement strategy, phospho-site mutagenesis (S305A, S387A), co-IP with PBD, Fas stimulation apoptosis assay, PLK1 inhibitor treatment Molecular oncology High 24484936
2014 PLK1 phosphorylates CLIP-170 at Ser312 during mitosis; this phosphorylation diminishes CLIP-170 binding to microtubule ends and lattice (without affecting EB3 binding); phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycling at Ser312 is required for stable kinetochore-microtubule attachment and chromosome alignment. In vitro kinase assay with purified CLIP-170 N-terminal fragment, phospho-specific antibody, S312A/S312D mutant analysis, live imaging of chromosome alignment Cell structure and function High 24451569
2014 DNA-PKcs physically associates with PLK1 during the mitotic phase; depletion of DNA-PKcs leads to overexpression of PLK1 through increased protein stability but attenuates recruitment of phosphorylated PLK1 to the midbody (while not affecting centrosome/kinetochore localization), resulting in cytokinesis failure. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, immunofluorescence co-localization Journal of cellular biochemistry Medium 24166892
2014 LKB1 regulates PLK1 by activating NUAK1 (ARK5), which phosphorylates MYPT1, enhancing MYPT1-PP1 binding to PLK1 and promoting PLK1 dephosphorylation; LKB1 deficiency leads to elevated phospho-PLK1 and centrosome amplification, reversed by PLK1 depletion or inhibition. Co-immunoprecipitation, kinase assay, siRNA, PLK1 overexpression rescue, BTO-1 inhibitor treatment Cell death & disease Medium 24722282
2015 PLK-1 is required in C. elegans oocytes for nuclear envelope breakdown; partial PLK-1 inactivation causes failure to form a gap in the nuclear envelope at the interface between pronuclei and defects in chromosome congression, resulting in paired nuclei containing either maternal or paternal chromosomes in daughter cells. Partial RNAi inactivation, live fluorescence imaging of nuclear envelopes and chromosomes in C. elegans embryos Molecular biology of the cell Medium 26490119
2016 PTEN physically associates with PLK1 and reduces PLK1 phosphorylation in a phosphatase-dependent manner; PTEN deficiency leads to elevated PLK1 phosphorylation and polyploidy; phospho-mimicking PLK1 mutant causes polyploidy similar to PTEN loss, while non-phosphorylatable PLK1 reduces the polyploid population. Co-immunoprecipitation, phospho-mimicking and non-phosphorylatable PLK1 mutant expression, PTEN phosphatase-dead mutant, cell ploidy analysis Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Medium 27398835
2017 PLK1 phosphorylates Mre11 at S649, which primes subsequent CK2-mediated phosphorylation at S688; dual phosphorylation inhibits MRN complex loading onto damaged DNA, leading to premature DNA damage checkpoint termination and inhibition of DNA repair. In vitro kinase assay, phospho-site mutagenesis, chromatin loading assay, DNA damage checkpoint assays Cancer research High 28512243
2017 Gravin acts as a scaffold for PLK1 at mitotic centrosomes; Gravin depletion increases PLK1 mobility (by FRAP), redistributes active PLK1, increases phosphorylation of CEP215 at S613, causes microtubule renucleation defects, chromosome misalignment, and micronuclei; a Gravin mutant unable to bind PLK1 fails to rescue these defects. FRAP, PLK1 FRET-based activity biosensor, shRNA knockdown, PLK1-binding-deficient Gravin mutant rescue Molecular biology of the cell High 29282278
2017 PLK1 regulates NOTCH1 expression at the G2/M transition; upon DNA damage in G2, PLK1 activity is inhibited while NOTCH1 expression is maintained; PLK1-dependent signaling antagonizes NOTCH1 involvement in the DNA damage checkpoint in squamous cell carcinoma cells. Chemical library kinase screen, pharmacological PLK1 inhibition, co-immunoprecipitation, cell cycle synchronization, immunoblotting The Journal of biological chemistry Low 31597699
2018 PLK1 overexpression causes defective cytokinesis correlated with defective loading of Cep55 and ESCRT complexes to the abscission bridge in a PLK1 kinase-dependent manner, generating polyploid cells with reduced proliferative potential. Inducible knock-in mouse model, immunofluorescence of Cep55/ESCRT at abscission bridges, kinase-dead PLK1 comparison Nature communications High 30069007
2018 CDK1/Aurora-A phosphorylates CtIP at S327, creating a PLK1 polo-box domain docking site; PLK1 then phosphorylates CtIP at S723; phospho-mimetic CtIP S723 fails to perform extended end resection and homologous recombination but retains ability to mediate microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) while inactivating the G2/M checkpoint. In vitro kinase assay, phospho-site mutagenesis, MMEJ/HR reporter assays, G2/M checkpoint assay, PLK1-PBD binding assay Nucleic acids research High 30202980
2018 DNA replication restricts activation of both CDK1 and PLK1; preventing DNA replication licensing and/or firing causes premature activation of CDK1 and PLK1 in S phase; inhibition of CHK1 and p38 in the presence of replication leads to premature mitotic kinase activation and replication stress. Double-degron system for protein depletion, kinase inhibitors, cell synchronization, CDK1/PLK1 activity reporters Molecular cell High 30008317
2019 PLK1 plays dual roles in cytokinesis: PLK1 activity promotes release of centralspindlin from the spindle midzone through inhibition of PRC1, allowing centralspindlin to activate RhoA at the equatorial cortex; PLK1 inhibition sequesters centralspindlin on the midzone, making it unavailable for Aurora B-dependent RhoA activation. PRC1 knockdown, PLK1 inhibitor treatment, live imaging of centralspindlin and RhoA activity The Journal of cell biology Medium 30728176
2019 PLK1 methyltransferase SETD6 methylates PLK1 at K209 and K413 during mitosis; loss of these methylation sites increases PLK1 kinase activity, accelerates mitotic progression and cellular proliferation; SETD6-deficient cells phenocopy non-methylatable PLK1. Proteomic screen, in vitro methylation assay, K209R/K413R PLK1 mutants, kinase activity assay, live cell imaging of mitotic progression Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 30622182
2019 PLK1 inhibition causes centromere disintegration driven by BLM helicase-mediated DNA unwinding at centromeres under bipolar spindle pulling force; PLK1 normally suppresses BLM activity at centromeres to maintain centromere integrity for chromosome biorientation. PLK1 inhibitor treatment, BLM helicase co-depletion rescue experiment, live imaging of centromere dynamics Nature communications Medium 31253795
2019 PLK1 phosphorylates Gli1 at S481, promoting nuclear export of Gli1 and its binding to the negative regulator Sufu, thereby inhibiting Hedgehog signaling activity during G2/M; PLK1 inhibition prevents this phosphorylation and sustains Gli1 transcriptional activity. In vitro kinase assay, S481 phospho-site mutagenesis, nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation, Gli1-Sufu co-IP, Hedgehog target gene luciferase reporter Journal of cell science High 30578313
2019 Chromatin-localized PLK1 signals maintain kinetochore and centromere integrity (CENP-A, CENP-C, CENP-T, Hec1, Nuf2, Knl1 retention) against microtubule pulling forces; PICH helicase is required for centromere disruption in PLK1-inhibited cells and PICH depletion rescues kinetochore architecture; tethering PLK1 to chromatin (H2B, INCENP) but not CENP-A rescues anaphase defects. PLK1 inhibitor treatment, PICH siRNA rescue, chromatin-tethered PLK1 constructs (H2B-PLK1, INCENP-PLK1, CENP-A-PLK1), immunofluorescence of kinetochore components EMBO reports High 31468671
2020 BRCA2 is phosphorylated by PLK1 at T207 in mitotic cells; phospho-T207 serves as a PLK1 docking site; BRCA2 bound to PLK1 forms a complex with PP2A and phospho-BUBR1; BRCA2 breast cancer variants S206C and T207A reduce PLK1 binding, causing unstable kinetochore-microtubule interactions, chromosome misalignment, and aneuploidy. Phospho-site identification, co-immunoprecipitation (BRCA2-PLK1-PP2A-BUBR1 complex), BRCA2 variant functional analysis, chromosome alignment assays Nature communications High 32286328
2020 PLK1 is required for chromosome compaction, cohesin/condensin localization, and MTOC organization in mouse oocytes; PLK1 conditional knockout oocytes fail to form compact bivalents, develop abnormal or absent bipolar spindles due to defective C-NAP1 release and failure to recruit MTOC components and LISD factors. Plk1 conditional knockout mouse (oocyte-specific), immunofluorescence of cohesin, condensin, C-NAP1, MTOC components Molecular biology of the cell High 32267211
2020 SET7/9 dimethylates PLK1 at K191 during early mitosis, reducing PLK1 kinase activity by limiting ATP utilization; non-methylatable PLK1 K191 mutant or SET7/9 inhibition causes mitotic arrest due to destabilized kinetochore-microtubule attachments, indicating methylation promotes dynamic attachments for error correction. In vitro methylation assay, K191 mutation, SET7/9 inhibitor treatment, kinetochore-microtubule attachment assay, kinase activity assay Journal of molecular cell biology High 31863092
2020 BUB1 and CENP-U are the main PLK1 kinetochore receptors in mitosis; both contain a constellation of a PP2A-docking motif flanked by two PLK1-docking sites; CDK1-primed phosphorylation on these sites enables PLK1 binding and promotes PLK1 dimerization at kinetochores; this mechanism accounts for most/all kinetochore PLK1. Ectopic localization assay, in vitro reconstitution, kinetochore localization studies, co-IP, CDK1 priming assay, PLK1 dimerization assay Molecular cell High 33248027
2021 PLK1 dimerizes during early G2 phase in a Bora-supported manner; T210 phosphorylation by Aurora-A at late G2 triggers dimer dissociation generating active PLK1 monomers; interfering with the dimer/monomer switch prevents importin association and limits nuclear shuttling, causing nuclear PLK1 mislocalization at G2/M. Co-immunoprecipitation of PLK1 dimers, phospho-T210 mutant analysis, importin interaction assay, live cell nuclear localization imaging Oncogene Medium 34759346
2021 Apolo1 localizes to kinetochores during early mitosis and sustains PLK1 kinase activity at kinetochores (measured by FRET biosensor); Apolo1 is a PLK1 substrate, and its phosphorylation enables PP1γ to dephosphorylate and inactivate PLK1; Apolo1 constitutes a feedback loop connecting PLK1 to its own inactivation. FRET-based PLK1 activity reporter, co-IP, in vitro kinase assay, PP1γ interaction assay, siRNA knockdown with chromosome alignment readout Cell reports High 34260926
2021 PLK1 phosphorylates PrimPol at a conserved residue between its RPA-binding motifs; this phosphorylation is cell cycle-dependent and prevents aberrant PrimPol recruitment to chromatin; loss of PLK1-dependent regulation leads to chromosome breaks, micronuclei, and reduced survival after replication stress. In vitro kinase assay, phospho-site identification, chromatin fractionation, siRNA, cell viability assays Science advances Medium 34860556
2021 In C. elegans oocyte meiosis, BUB-1 directly recruits PLK-1 to the kinetochore and midbivalent; CENP-CHCP-4 recruits PLK-1 to chromosome arms through direct interaction; perturbing both recruitment mechanisms causes severe meiotic defects and highly aneuploid oocytes. Biochemical interaction assays, live imaging, C. elegans genetic mutants, co-immunoprecipitation eLife High 37067150
2021 PLK1 regulates DNA replication origin firing in Xenopus by controlling origin firing frequency and synchrony; PLK1 interacts with firing factors MTBP/Treslin/TopBP1 and with Rif1; PLK1 phosphorylates Rif1 at S2058 (in its PP1-binding site), disrupting Rif1-PP1 interaction and modulating DNA replication. PLK1 immunodepletion in Xenopus extract, DNA fiber analysis, quantitative chromatin proteomics, co-immunoprecipitation, LC-MS/MS phosphopeptide mapping, S2058D phospho-mimetic mutant Nucleic acids research High 34469577
2021 PLK1 phosphorylates DNMT3a, leading to its proteasomal degradation during mitosis; DNMT3a in turn represses PLK1 transcription in interphase, constituting a negative feedback loop; combined inhibition of PLK1 and DNMT3a suppresses prostate cancer synergistically through autophagy regulation. Co-IP, kinase assay, DNMT3a stability assay upon PLK1 activation, PLK1 promoter analysis Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) Medium 34051063
2021 PLK1 activity is essential for time-dependent release of 53BP1 from kinetochores; PLK1 inhibition causes 53BP1 persistence at kinetochores (via CENP-F docking), preventing cytosolic 53BP1 association with p53 and blunting the mitotic surveillance pathway; CENP-F-53BP1 binding disruption has no impact on mitotic timing, indicating cytosolic (not kinetochore) 53BP1 measures mitotic duration. PLK1 inhibitor treatment, CENP-F-53BP1 binding mutant, immunofluorescence quantification of kinetochore/cytosolic 53BP1, p53 activation assay EMBO reports Medium 37888778
2021 PLK1 and Aurora-A are both required for centrosome maturation and separation prior to metaphase I in mouse spermatocytes; PLK1 is additionally required to block premature second-round centriole duplication until anaphase I, maintaining strict spatiotemporal control of centrosome biogenesis during meiosis. Germ cell-specific conditional knockout of Plk1 and Aurora-A, immunofluorescence of centriole/centrosome markers through meiotic progression EMBO reports High 33615678
2022 PLK1 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation during cell interphase; PLK1 is in close proximity to and interacts with NLRP3; mechanistically, PLK1 orchestrates the MTOC structure and NLRP3 subcellular positioning upon inflammasome activation; pharmacological PLK1 inhibition suppresses IL-1β production in vivo. BioID proximity-labeling screen, co-immunoprecipitation, domain interaction mapping, pharmacological PLK1 inhibition, in vivo endotoxemia and peritonitis mouse models The Journal of clinical investigation Medium 37698938
2022 Pathogenic BRCA1 mutations reduce BRCA1 function, leading to elevated PLK1 activity, which specifically disrupts cell division axis orientation in mammary cells; this defect is independent of accumulated DNA damage and depends on PLK1 activity, as shown by 15 genetically edited BRCA1 mutant cell lines. Primary mammary cell division axis imaging, BRCA1-mutant genetically-edited cell lines, PLK1 activity measurements, genetic and pharmacological PLK1 inhibition Nature communications Medium 35459234
2022 PLK1-mediated phosphorylation of RB at S758 inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation, inactivating the NF-κB pathway; PLK1 inhibition or depletion therefore activates NF-κB, upregulating PD-L1 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. In vitro kinase assay for RB-S758 phosphorylation, NF-κB nuclear translocation assay, PD-L1 expression analysis, siRNA and pharmacological PLK1 inhibition Cancer research Medium 35950917
2023 BUB-1-bound PLK-1 is required for CDC-20 kinetochore recruitment and timely mitotic progression in C. elegans embryos; PLK-1 kinase activity phosphorylates the CDC-20-binding ABBA motif of BUB-1 to promote BUB-1-CDC-20 interaction; a conserved STP motif in BUB-1 that docks PLK-1 is necessary for this function. C. elegans genetics (STP motif mutation in BUB-1), live imaging, in vitro kinase assay of ABBA motif phosphorylation, CDC-20 localization analysis Current biology : CB High 37137308
2023 PLK1 phosphorylates DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) in mitosis, activating it; phosphorylated Polθ is recruited to mitotic DSBs through direct interaction with BRCA1 C-terminal domains of TOPBP1; Polθ-mediated end joining repairs mitotic DSBs and maintains genome integrity; loss of Polθ is synthetically lethal with homologous recombination deficiency. In vitro kinase assay, co-IP (Polθ-TOPBP1 interaction), mitotic DSB repair assay, synthetic lethality assay (HR-deficient cells) Nature High 37674080
2023 PLK1 maintains lysosomal function in renal tubular cells by phosphorylating the V-ATPase subunit ATP6V1A to regulate intralysosomal pH; PLK1 inhibition or knockout impairs lysosomal acidification and blocks autophagic flux, leading to reduced fibroblast activation and attenuation of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Plk1 knockout mice (UUO model), pharmacological PLK1 inhibition, ATP6V1A phosphorylation assay, lysosomal pH measurement, autophagic flux assay Cell death & disease Medium 37640723
2024 PLK1 promotes CENP-A deposition (centromere maintenance) in early G1 by recognizing self-primed phosphorylations of Mis18α (Ser54) and Mis18BP1 (Thr78, Ser93) through its polo-box domain; PLK1 binding activates Mis18α-Mis18β and promotes Mis18 complex-HJURP interaction required for CENP-A loading. Biochemical phosphorylation mapping, PLK1-PBD binding assays, CENP-A deposition assay, HJURP co-IP, phospho-site mutagenesis Science (New York, N.Y.) High 39236163 39236175
2019 PP2A-B55 (α and δ isoforms) directly interacts with PLK1 during recovery from mitotic DNA damage; dephosphorylation of PLK1 by PP2A-B55 is induced through ATM/CHK1/CHK2-dependent repression of the Greatwall/ENSA pathway, leading to PP2A-B55 liberation and PLK1 dephosphorylation and mitotic slippage. Co-immunoprecipitation of PLK1-PP2A-B55α/δ, siRNA depletion of PP2A-B55, immunoblotting for phospho-PLK1, Greatwall/ENSA pathway manipulation Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Medium 31072185
2017 PLK1 phosphorylates Numb, promoting its proteasomal degradation; loss of Numb impairs the Numb/p53 pathway, providing a mechanism by which PLK1 antagonizes p53 during DNA damage response; cancer cells with non-phosphorylatable Numb show increased sensitivity to doxorubicin. In vitro kinase assay, phospho-site mutagenesis, proteasomal degradation assay, p53 stabilization assay, xenograft model Oncogene Medium 29059161

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2003 Polo-like kinase (Plk)1 depletion induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 433 12732729
2016 PLK1, A Potential Target for Cancer Therapy. Translational oncology 353 27888710
2016 Plk1 Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: From Laboratory to Clinics. Molecular cancer therapeutics 320 27330107
1994 Induction and down-regulation of PLK, a human serine/threonine kinase expressed in proliferating cells and tumors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 256 8127874
2011 From Plk1 to Plk5: functional evolution of polo-like kinases. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 240 21654194
2004 Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibits p53 function by physical interaction and phosphorylation. The Journal of biological chemistry 227 15024021
2009 Polo-like kinase (PLK) inhibitors in preclinical and early clinical development in oncology. The oncologist 207 19474163
2021 Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) signaling in cancer and beyond. Biochemical pharmacology 158 34454931
2018 Plk1 overexpression induces chromosomal instability and suppresses tumor development. Nature communications 137 30069007
2017 Playing polo during mitosis: PLK1 takes the lead. Oncogene 132 28436952
2016 PLK-1 Silencing in Bladder Cancer by siRNA Delivered With Exosomes. Urology 130 26876462
1997 Cell cycle regulation of the human polo-like kinase (PLK) promoter. The Journal of biological chemistry 118 9083047
2000 Mutations in the Plk gene lead to instability of Plk protein in human tumour cell lines. Nature cell biology 116 11056542
2000 Peripheral Golgi protein GRASP65 is a target of mitotic polo-like kinase (Plk) and Cdc2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 112 11050165
2001 Comparative expression of the mitotic regulators SAK and PLK in colorectal cancer. Annals of surgical oncology 107 11597015
2015 Recent Advances and New Strategies in Targeting Plk1 for Anticancer Therapy. Trends in pharmacological sciences 106 26478211
2023 Polθ is phosphorylated by PLK1 to repair double-strand breaks in mitosis. Nature 104 37674080
2013 Ubiquitylation-dependent localization of PLK1 in mitosis. Nature cell biology 101 23455478
2018 DNA Replication Determines Timing of Mitosis by Restricting CDK1 and PLK1 Activation. Molecular cell 100 30008317
2007 Selectivity-determining residues in Plk1. Chemical biology & drug design 98 18005335
2014 Molecular dynamics of PLK1 during mitosis. Molecular & cellular oncology 94 27308323
2022 Present and Future Perspective on PLK1 Inhibition in Cancer Treatment. Frontiers in oncology 93 35719948
2020 BUB1 and CENP-U, Primed by CDK1, Are the Main PLK1 Kinetochore Receptors in Mitosis. Molecular cell 91 33248027
2013 Bora and Aurora-A continue to activate Plk1 in mitosis. Journal of cell science 91 24338364
2018 Regulating a key mitotic regulator, polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) 90 30414309
2016 Spotlight on Volasertib: Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of a Promising Plk1 Inhibitor. Medicinal research reviews 89 27140825
2021 PLK1 inhibition-based combination therapies for cancer management. Translational oncology 82 34973570
2015 Cross-Talk between AURKA and Plk1 in Mitotic Entry and Spindle Assembly. Frontiers in oncology 82 26779436
2000 Ste20-like kinase (SLK), a regulatory kinase for polo-like kinase (Plk) during the G2/M transition in somatic cells. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 76 10886374
2008 PLK-1 asymmetry contributes to asynchronous cell division of C. elegans embryos. Development (Cambridge, England) 75 18305005
2001 Polo-like kinase (PLK) expression in endometrial carcinoma. Cancer letters 71 11410324
2014 Sequential Cdk1 and Plk1 phosphorylation of caspase-8 triggers apoptotic cell death during mitosis. Molecular oncology 65 24484936
2023 Multiple Roles of PLK1 in Mitosis and Meiosis. Cells 64 36611980
2022 Targeting Plk1 Sensitizes Pancreatic Cancer to Immune Checkpoint Therapy. Cancer research 63 35950917
2005 Phosphorylation of Plk1 at S137 and T210 is inhibited in response to DNA damage. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 63 15611664
2017 Plk1 Phosphorylation of Mre11 Antagonizes the DNA Damage Response. Cancer research 54 28512243
2018 PLK1 has tumor-suppressive potential in APC-truncated colon cancer cells. Nature communications 53 29549256
2023 CCNE1 and PLK1 Mediate Resistance to Palbociclib in HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 50 36749874
2017 HMMR acts in the PLK1-dependent spindle positioning pathway and supports neural development. eLife 49 28994651
2010 The substrates of Plk1, beyond the functions in mitosis. Protein & cell 49 21153517
2020 Proper chromosome alignment depends on BRCA2 phosphorylation by PLK1. Nature communications 48 32286328
2016 PLK-1: Angel or devil for cell cycle progression. Biochimica et biophysica acta 47 26899266
2018 PLK1 targets CtIP to promote microhomology-mediated end joining. Nucleic acids research 45 30202980
2005 Interaction of chromatin-associated Plk1 and Mcm7. The Journal of biological chemistry 45 15654075
2015 PLK-1 Targeted Inhibitors and Their Potential against Tumorigenesis. BioMed research international 42 26557691
2014 Plk1-targeted therapies in TP53- or RAS-mutated cancer. Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research 39 24630986
2015 Caenorhabditis elegans polo-like kinase PLK-1 is required for merging parental genomes into a single nucleus. Molecular biology of the cell 37 26490119
2010 PICH and cotargeted Plk1 coordinately maintain prometaphase chromosome arm architecture. Molecular biology of the cell 37 20130082
2008 Structure of wild-type Plk-1 kinase domain in complex with a selective DARPin. Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography 37 18391401
2019 Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibition synergizes with taxanes in triple negative breast cancer. PloS one 36 31751384
2022 A novel PLK1 inhibitor onvansertib effectively sensitizes MYC-driven medulloblastoma to radiotherapy. Neuro-oncology 35 34477871
2016 PTEN regulates PLK1 and controls chromosomal stability during cell division. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 35 27398835
2019 The methyltransferase SETD6 regulates Mitotic progression through PLK1 methylation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 34 30622182
2019 PLK1 plays dual roles in centralspindlin regulation during cytokinesis. The Journal of cell biology 34 30728176
2014 DNA-PKcs associates with PLK1 and is involved in proper chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Journal of cellular biochemistry 32 24166892
2003 Repression of mRNA for the PLK cell cycle gene after DNA damage requires BRCA1. Oncogene 32 14654792
2024 Role of protein kinase PLK1 in the epigenetic maintenance of centromeres. Science (New York, N.Y.) 30 39236163
2020 PLK1 is required for chromosome compaction and microtubule organization in mouse oocytes. Molecular biology of the cell 30 32267211
2019 PLK1 facilitates chromosome biorientation by suppressing centromere disintegration driven by BLM-mediated unwinding and spindle pulling. Nature communications 30 31253795
2021 Luteolin-Fabricated ZnO Nanostructures Showed PLK-1 Mediated Anti-Breast Cancer Activity. Biomolecules 28 33807771
2012 Systematic analysis of the Plk-mediated phosphoregulation in eukaryotes. Briefings in bioinformatics 27 22851512
2021 Overlapping roles for PLK1 and Aurora A during meiotic centrosome biogenesis in mouse spermatocytes. EMBO reports 25 33615678
2020 Dual PLK1 and STAT3 inhibition promotes glioblastoma cells apoptosis through MYC. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 25 32962858
2007 TTDN1 is a Plk1-interacting protein involved in maintenance of cell cycle integrity. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 25 17310276
2024 PLK1-mediated phosphorylation cascade activates Mis18 complex to ensure centromere inheritance. Science (New York, N.Y.) 24 39236175
2021 Feedback control of PLK1 by Apolo1 ensures accurate chromosome segregation. Cell reports 24 34260926
2020 Methylation of PLK1 by SET7/9 ensures accurate kinetochore-microtubule dynamics. Journal of molecular cell biology 23 31863092
2020 PLK1- and PLK4-Mediated Asymmetric Mitotic Centrosome Size and Positioning in the Early Zebrafish Embryo. Current biology : CB 23 32916112
2018 Hsa-let-7b inhibits cell proliferation by targeting PLK1 in HCC. Gene 23 29913237
2023 PLK1 inhibition dampens NLRP3 inflammasome-elicited response in inflammatory disease models. The Journal of clinical investigation 21 37698938
2023 Chronic chromosome instability induced by Plk1 results in immune suppression in breast cancer. Cell reports 21 37979172
2023 BUB-1 and CENP-C recruit PLK-1 to control chromosome alignment and segregation during meiosis I in C. elegans oocytes. eLife 20 37067150
2021 A dimerization-dependent mechanism regulates enzymatic activation and nuclear entry of PLK1. Oncogene 20 34759346
2019 Plk1 protects kinetochore-centromere architecture against microtubule pulling forces. EMBO reports 20 31468671
2023 Plk1 promotes renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by targeting autophagy/lysosome axis. Cell death & disease 19 37640723
2021 PLK1 regulates the PrimPol damage tolerance pathway during the cell cycle. Science advances 19 34860556
2019 PLK1 targets NOTCH1 during DNA damage and mitotic progression. The Journal of biological chemistry 19 31597699
2014 Liver kinase B1 regulates the centrosome via PLK1. Cell death & disease 19 24722282
2013 CUL3 and protein kinases: insights from PLK1/KLHL22 interaction. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 19 24067371
2005 Polo-like kinase (Plk) 1 as a target for prostate cancer management. IUBMB life 19 16223707
2023 PLK1 promotes the mitotic surveillance pathway by controlling cytosolic 53BP1 availability. EMBO reports 18 37888778
2019 LSD1 Inhibition Attenuates Tumor Growth by Disrupting PLK1 Mitotic Pathway. Molecular cancer research : MCR 18 30760542
2017 Plk1 phosphorylation of Numb leads to impaired DNA damage response. Oncogene 18 29059161
2021 Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) regulates DNA replication origin firing and interacts with Rif1 in Xenopus. Nucleic acids research 17 34469577
2017 Polo-like-kinase 1 (PLK-1) and c-myc inhibition with the dual kinase-bromodomain inhibitor volasertib in aggressive lymphomas. Oncotarget 17 29383095
2020 SKA3 Promotes Cell Growth in Breast Cancer by Inhibiting PLK-1 Protein Degradation. Technology in cancer research & treatment 16 32799774
2018 TPX2 promotes cell proliferation and migration via PLK1 in OC. Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers 16 29865033
2017 Gravin regulates centrosome function through PLK1. Molecular biology of the cell 16 29282278
2021 Co-Targeting Plk1 and DNMT3a in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 15 34051063
2018 miR‑23a suppresses pancreatic cancer cell progression by inhibiting PLK‑1 expression. Molecular medicine reports 15 29749476
2011 Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The British journal of dermatology 15 21070201
2022 Recent Progress on the Localization of PLK1 to the Kinetochore and Its Role in Mitosis. International journal of molecular sciences 14 35563642
2021 Xanthatin Selectively Targets Retinoblastoma by Inhibiting the PLK1-Mediated Cell Cycle. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 14 34901994
2019 Dephosphorylation of Plk1 occurs through PP2A-B55/ENSA/Greatwall pathway during mitotic DNA damage recovery. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 14 31072185
2017 The equilibrium of ubiquitination and deubiquitination at PLK1 regulates sister chromatid separation. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 14 28188342
2014 Plk1 phosphorylates CLIP-170 and regulates its binding to microtubules for chromosome alignment. Cell structure and function 14 24451569
2009 The expression of PLK-1 in cervical carcinoma: a possible target for enhancing chemosensitivity. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 14 19775446
2023 BUB-1-bound PLK-1 directs CDC-20 kinetochore recruitment to ensure timely embryonic mitoses. Current biology : CB 13 37137308
2022 Pathogenic BRCA1 variants disrupt PLK1-regulation of mitotic spindle orientation. Nature communications 13 35459234
2019 The Plk1 kinase negatively regulates the Hedgehog signaling pathway by phosphorylating Gli1. Journal of cell science 13 30578313

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