| 2000 |
POMP (hUmp1) was identified as the human homologue of yeast Ump1 and shown to be present exclusively in 20S proteasome precursor complexes (16S intermediates) but not in mature 20S proteasomes, establishing its role as a transient assembly chaperone. POMP expression is induced by interferon-gamma. The beta5 propeptide is not essential for LMP7 incorporation in human cells (unlike yeast), but its deletion leads to delayed proteasome maturation and accumulation of POMP-containing precursor complexes. |
2D gel electrophoresis of precursor fractions, Northern blot, mutant LMP7 incorporation assays in T2 cells |
Journal of molecular biology |
High |
10926487
|
| 2007 |
The main steps of mammalian 20S proteasome core complex formation take place at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). POMP interacts with ER membranes, binds to alpha1-7 rings, recruits beta-subunits stepwise, and mediates the association of precursor complexes with the ER, coordinating the assembly process. |
Precursor complex-specific antibodies, subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation |
EMBO reports |
High |
17948026
|
| 2007 |
In yeast, beta7 (Pre4) overproduction bypasses the requirement for the beta5 propeptide by a mechanism dependent on a unique beta7 C-terminal extension. Assembly proceeds stepwise through precursor dimers containing the Ump1 assembly factor and a Pba1-Pba2 complex. Ump1 enforces an assembly checkpoint; beta7 addition overcomes this checkpoint and stabilizes the precursor dimer to drive dimerization of two half-proteasomes. |
Genetic bypass/suppressor analysis, identification of assembly intermediates, biochemical fractionation, yeast genetics |
The EMBO journal |
High |
17431397
|
| 2006 |
POMP protein elutes from a calibrated gel-filtration column at approximately 64 kDa, suggesting tetramer formation. Immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy showed POMP localizes to both cytoplasm and nucleus. |
Gel filtration chromatography, immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy |
International journal of biological macromolecules |
Medium |
16624403
|
| 2010 |
A single-nucleotide deletion at position c.-95 in the POMP 5' UTR causes a transcriptional switch, markedly increasing POMP transcript variants with long 5' UTRs in keratinocytes. This is associated with altered epidermal distribution of POMP, proteasome subunits alpha7 and beta5, and ER stress marker CHOP, causing KLICK genodermatosis. These findings demonstrate a critical role for POMP-mediated proteasome assembly in terminal epidermal differentiation. |
SNP analysis, sequencing, Northern blot, immunohistochemistry, patient-derived keratinocytes |
American journal of human genetics |
High |
20226437
|
| 2012 |
siRNA silencing of POMP in epidermal air-liquid cultures caused aberrant proteasome subunit staining, perturbed profilaggrin-to-filaggrin processing, and activated the unfolded protein response (CHOP induction/ER stress), establishing that POMP is required for proteasome assembly in differentiating keratinocytes and that its loss leads to proteasome insufficiency and ER stress. |
siRNA knockdown, organotypic culture, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, CHOP induction assay |
PloS one |
High |
22235297
|
| 2013 |
Yeast Ump1 is an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) that lacks stable secondary structure in solution. Recombinant Ump1 forms oligomers mediated by intermolecular disulfide bonds through its single cysteine residue. The disordered nature may allow Ump1 to become structured only upon interaction with proteasome subunits. |
Recombinant protein expression, gel filtration, NMR, bioinformatics, biochemical analysis |
Computational and structural biotechnology journal |
Medium |
24688736
|
| 2015 |
miR-101 directly targets POMP, leading to impaired proteasome assembly and activity, accumulation of p53 and CDK inhibitors, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. miR-101-resistant POMP restores proteasome substrate turnover and tumor cell growth. POMP knockdown is sufficient to overcome bortezomib resistance in tumor cells, and suppressing POMP attenuates estrogen-driven transcription in ERα-positive breast cancers. |
miRNA overexpression, POMP knockdown, proteasome activity assays, cell cycle and apoptosis assays, bortezomib resistance rescue experiments |
Molecular cell |
High |
26145175
|
| 2015 |
POMP mutation combined with MCM3AP (GANP) mutation in an immunodeficient patient results in impaired NF-κB signaling after DNA damage. Complementation with wild-type POMP rescued defective NF-κB signaling, establishing that POMP-dependent proteasome assembly is required for efficient DNA damage-induced NF-κB signaling. |
Whole-exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, complementation assay with wild-type POMP, patient-derived cell characterization |
Human mutation |
Medium |
26615982
|
| 2017 |
POMP binds to 20S proteasome precursor complexes and is overexpressed in lesional psoriatic skin. POMP silencing in HaCaT keratinocytes inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis through inhibition of proteasome assembly, and also decreased expression of differentiation markers keratin 10 and involucrin during calcium-induced differentiation. |
Native gel electrophoresis, Western blot, IHC, qPCR, siRNA silencing, cell proliferation and apoptosis assays |
Journal of dermatological science |
Medium |
28728908
|
| 2018 |
Heterozygous frameshift variants in the penultimate exon of POMP escape nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) and produce a truncated protein that perturbs proteasome assembly by a dominant-negative mechanism, causing PRAID (POMP-related autoinflammation and immune dysregulation disease) with early-onset combined immunodeficiency, inflammatory neutrophilic dermatosis, and autoimmunity. |
Whole-exome sequencing, NMD assay, proteasome assembly analysis, patient cell characterization, biochemical analysis of truncated protein |
American journal of human genetics |
High |
29805043
|
| 2020 |
NRF3 transcription factor directly induces POMP gene expression in cancer cells, upregulating 20S proteasome assembly. The NRF3-POMP axis promotes ubiquitin-independent proteolysis of tumor suppressors p53 and Rb by the 20S proteasome, supporting colorectal cancer development and metastasis, and conferring impaired sensitivity to bortezomib (but not to E1 inhibitor TAK-243). |
NRF3 knockdown, POMP overexpression/knockdown, reporter assays, protein stability assays with proteasome inhibitors, ChIP, cell viability and tumorigenesis assays |
Molecular and cellular biology |
High |
32123008
|
| 2022 |
An N-terminal domain of yeast Ump1 (first 16 residues) and the propeptide of beta7 promote direct interaction of the two proteins in vitro. This interaction is critical for recruitment of beta7 precursor during proteasome assembly, a step that drives dimerization of 15S half-proteasome precursor complexes and formation of mature 20S core particles. Deletion of the first 16 Ump1 residues causes accumulation of 15S PC intermediates and requires Rpn4-dependent transcription for viability, which is rescued by beta7 overexpression. |
In vitro binding assay, mutational analysis of Ump1 and beta7, yeast genetics (epistasis, rescue), native gel analysis of intermediates |
Biomolecules |
High |
35204754
|
| 2025 |
Upon proteasome disruption, POMP rapidly accumulates in the nucleolus in a manner dependent on HSF1 and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Proteomic analysis reveals POMP interacts with RNA processing factors in this context, and transcriptomic profiling shows nucleolar POMP orchestrates a protective transcriptional program, revealing a moonlighting role as a stress-induced transcriptional regulator beyond its canonical chaperone function. This mechanism is developmentally controlled and active in neurodegenerative disease contexts. |
Live-cell imaging, proteomic interactor analysis, transcriptomic profiling, HSF1/ROS perturbation experiments |
bioRxivpreprint |
Medium |
bio_10.1101_2025.04.25.650603
|
| 2024 |
Cryo-EM structural analysis of human 20S proteasome biogenesis revealed: PAC1-4 stabilize an early alpha-ring intermediate; PAC3/PAC4 dissociation and PAC1 N-terminal tail rearrangement trigger beta-ring assembly; completion of the beta-ring and half-proteasome dimerization repositions lysine K33 to trigger cleavage of beta propeptides, leading to concerted dissociation of POMP and PAC1/PAC2 to yield mature 20S proteasomes. |
CRISPR/Cas9 endogenous tagging of chaperones, cryo-EM structural analysis of chaperone-bound complexes |
bioRxivpreprint |
Medium |
bio_10.1101_2024.08.08.607236
|
| 2007 |
Overexpression of hUMP1/POMP in human fibroblasts increases levels of functional proteasome and enhances cellular capacity to cope with oxidative stressors, demonstrating that POMP-mediated proteasome assembly upregulation is sufficient to enhance antioxidant defense. |
Stable overexpression in fibroblasts, proteasome activity assays, oxidative stress survival assays |
Experimental gerontology |
Medium |
17349762
|
| 2025 |
CRISPR-generated pomp mutant zebrafish embryos display defects in myocardial cell shapes and outflow tract development, establishing a critical role for POMP in heart development. These cardiac phenotypes resemble those of other zebrafish congenital heart defect gene mutants. |
CRISPR mutagenesis in zebrafish, phenotypic analysis of heart morphology (myocardial cell shape, outflow tract) |
bioRxivpreprint |
Medium |
bio_10.1101_2025.01.16.633339
|