Affinage

PGAM1

Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 · UniProt P18669

Length
254 aa
Mass
28.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
57 papers in source corpus 25 papers cited in narrative 25 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

PGAM1 is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycerate, serving as a metabolic node that coordinates glycolysis with anabolic biosynthesis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and immune and stress signaling. Enzyme activation requires cofactor 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent H11 phosphorylation, which is catalyzed by monomeric/dimeric PKM2 using PEP as a phosphate donor and is gated by Src-mediated Y119 phosphorylation downstream of EGF signaling; Y26 phosphorylation further potentiates activity by relieving an autoinhibitory E19 contact that blocks the active site (PMID:23653202, PMID:38750259). PGAM1 protein levels are regulated by multiple ubiquitin-dependent pathways—E3 ligases UBE3C and SYVN1 target it for K48-linked proteasomal degradation, counteracted by deubiquitinases USP46 and OTUB2—and its mRNA is stabilized by METTL14-mediated m6A and NAT10-mediated ac4C modifications while being destabilized by AUF1-dependent decay (PMID:39990664, PMID:40640077, PMID:36335636, PMID:42023502, PMID:41198892, PMID:40711448). Beyond glycolysis, PGAM1 functions in T cell activation by augmenting mTORC1 signaling, promotes VDAC1 oligomerization and cGAS-STING activation in cardiomyocytes, sequesters the phosphatase WIP1 to sustain ATM-dependent DNA damage signaling, and interacts with TGF-β to activate NF-κB and p38/JNK pathways during ischemia-reperfusion injury (PMID:32709928, PMID:41651300, PMID:33860077, PMID:33168191).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 13 steps
  1. 1982 Medium

    Establishing the chromosomal location of the PGAM1 locus resolved a basic genetic question, assigning the gene to human chromosome 10q25-q26 by gene-dosage analysis.

    Evidence Gene dosage studies in patients with chromosomal imbalances (trisomy/monosomy 10q)

    PMID:6282177

    Open questions at the time
    • No coding sequence or protein characterization in this study
    • Dosage-based mapping has limited resolution
  2. 2013 High

    Determining how PGAM1 is activated at the structural level revealed that Y26 phosphorylation releases an autoinhibitory E19 contact to permit cofactor 2,3-BPG binding, and that H11 phosphorylation promotes substrate 3-PG binding—providing the first atomic-resolution view of the enzyme's activation mechanism.

    Evidence Crystal structure of H11-phosphorylated PGAM1, active-site mutagenesis, in vitro enzymatic assays, mass spectrometry

    PMID:23653202

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the kinase catalyzing H11 phosphorylation was not resolved
    • Upstream signaling pathways controlling Y26 phosphorylation were uncharacterized
  3. 2015 Medium

    Demonstrating that PGAM1 knockdown accumulates 3-PG and depletes 2-PG established that the enzyme's metabolic activity is rate-influencing for both aerobic glycolysis and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in cancer cells.

    Evidence RNAi knockdown with metabolite quantification and xenograft validation in bladder cancer

    PMID:26655504

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of PPP suppression versus glycolytic inhibition to the proliferative defect was not dissected
    • Metabolite measurements were from a single cancer type
  4. 2018 High

    Identifying transcriptional regulators of PGAM1 (YAP–c-MYC complex binding the PGAM1 promoter downstream of S1P/S1PR3 signaling) and a genetic epistasis relationship with NUDT7 revealed how PGAM1 expression is tuned in osteosarcoma and cartilage homeostasis, respectively.

    Evidence ChIP, luciferase reporter, Co-IP of YAP–c-MYC (osteosarcoma); Nudt7-/- mouse with PGAM1 rescue (chondrocytes)

    PMID:30143643 PMID:30587459

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether YAP–c-MYC regulation of PGAM1 is tissue-general or osteosarcoma-specific was unclear
    • Mechanism by which NUDT7 controls PGAM1 levels was not defined
  5. 2020 High

    Conditional knockout of Pgam1 in T cells revealed a non-redundant metabolic requirement for PGAM1 in T cell activation, linking glycolysis to mTORC1 signaling and establishing a role for PGAM1 beyond cancer metabolism.

    Evidence T cell-specific conditional knockout mice with in vivo immune challenge, metabolomics, signaling pathway analysis

    PMID:32709928

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the phenotype is fully attributable to glycolytic flux versus moonlighting functions was not resolved
    • Specific metabolic intermediates mediating mTORC1 activation were not pinpointed
  6. 2020 Medium

    Cardiac-specific PGAM1 knockout revealed a non-metabolic role in which PGAM1 directly interacts with TGF-β to activate NF-κB, p38, and JNK signaling during ischemia-reperfusion injury, establishing PGAM1 as a signaling mediator in the heart.

    Evidence Cardiac-specific KO mice, Co-IP of PGAM1–TGF-β, in vitro OGDR model, histology

    PMID:33168191

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct binding interface between PGAM1 and TGF-β is uncharacterized
    • Whether the effect requires PGAM1 catalytic activity was not addressed
  7. 2021 Medium

    The discovery that PGAM1 sequesters WIP1 phosphatase in the cytoplasm, preventing ATM inactivation, uncovered a moonlighting mechanism through which PGAM1 overexpression confers DNA damage repair competence and therapy resistance in glioma.

    Evidence Knockdown, cellular fractionation, DNA damage response pathway analysis in glioma cells

    PMID:33860077

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct binding between PGAM1 and WIP1 was not confirmed by reciprocal pulldown or structural data
    • Whether glycolytic activity is required for WIP1 sequestration is unknown
  8. 2022 Medium

    Identification of HAT1 as a writer of K99 succinylation and USP46 as a deubiquitinase stabilizing PGAM1 established that the enzyme's activity and abundance are subject to layered post-translational regulation beyond phosphorylation.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis (K99R), in vitro succinylation assay, Co-IP/ubiquitination assays, metabolic flux measurements

    PMID:35835856 PMID:36335636

    Open questions at the time
    • Desuccinylase identity for K99 is unknown
    • Whether USP46-mediated stabilization occurs in non-cancerous tissues is untested
  9. 2022 Medium

    Showing that PGAM1 suppresses ASS1 expression through a cAMP/AMPK/CEBPB signaling axis in breast cancer linked PGAM1 to metabolic reprogramming of arginine metabolism, extending its influence beyond glycolysis.

    Evidence RNA-seq, knockdown/rescue, signaling pathway analysis, xenograft model

    PMID:35674458

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PGAM1 enzymatic product 2-PG mediates the signaling cascade was not directly tested
    • Single cancer type studied
  10. 2023 Medium

    Discovery that exosomal PGAM1 binds γ-actin (ACTG1) in recipient endothelial cells to promote podosome formation and angiogenesis revealed a paracrine, non-enzymatic role for secreted PGAM1 in the tumor microenvironment.

    Evidence GST pulldown, Co-IP, in vitro angiogenesis and gelatin degradation assays, tail-vein metastasis model

    PMID:37542027

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the interaction requires PGAM1 catalytic activity or a specific structural surface is unknown
    • ACTG1 binding site on PGAM1 is unmapped
  11. 2024 High

    Resolving the long-standing question of the H11 kinase, PKM2 was shown to moonlight as a histidine kinase using PEP to phosphorylate PGAM1-H11, with Src-mediated Y119 phosphorylation acting as a prerequisite gate—unifying EGF signaling, PKM2 oligomeric state, and PGAM1 activation into a single regulatory circuit.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assay, Co-IP, site-directed mutagenesis, metabolic flux analysis, xenograft tumor assay

    PMID:38750259

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for how Y119 phosphorylation creates the PKM2 docking site is unresolved
    • Contribution of other PEP-utilizing kinases has not been excluded
  12. 2025 Medium

    Multiple studies identified additional E3 ligases (UBE3C, SYVN1), a deubiquitinase complex (UBE2S–OTUB2), and mRNA-level regulators (AUF1, NAT10/ac4C), revealing that PGAM1 abundance is controlled by a convergent network of ubiquitin-dependent degradation and epitranscriptomic mRNA stabilization pathways.

    Evidence Ubiquitination assays, Co-IP/IP-MS, mRNA decay and RIP assays, knockdown/rescue across multiple cancer types and fibroblasts

    PMID:39904430 PMID:39990664 PMID:40640077 PMID:40711448 PMID:41198892

    Open questions at the time
    • Hierarchy and tissue-specificity among UBE3C, SYVN1, and USP46/OTUB2 regulation is not established
    • Whether ac4C and m6A modifications co-occur on the same PGAM1 mRNA is untested
    • Each E3/DUB pathway demonstrated in a single lab
  13. 2026 Medium

    PGAM1 was shown to promote VDAC1 oligomerization in cardiomyocytes, triggering mitochondrial DNA release and cGAS-STING-mediated ferroptosis during doxorubicin cardiotoxicity, and STAT3 was identified as a direct transcriptional activator of PGAM1 in pancreatitis—extending non-glycolytic roles to mitochondrial quality control and innate immune activation.

    Evidence Cardiomyocyte-specific KO mice, Co-IP of PGAM1–VDAC1, pharmacological rescue; ChIP/luciferase for STAT3–PGAM1 promoter binding in pancreatitis model

    PMID:41651300 PMID:42044555

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct versus indirect mechanism of PGAM1-induced VDAC1 oligomerization is not resolved
    • Whether PGAM1 catalytic activity is required for VDAC1 interaction is unknown
    • STAT3 regulation demonstrated only in pancreatitis context

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • A unifying framework explaining how PGAM1's catalytic versus non-catalytic (moonlighting) functions are partitioned, and how the multiple layers of transcriptional, epitranscriptomic, and post-translational regulation are integrated across tissues, remains to be established.
  • No separation-of-function mutant distinguishing enzymatic from scaffolding roles has been generated
  • Structural basis for PGAM1 interactions with WIP1, TGF-β, and VDAC1 is lacking
  • Tissue-specific hierarchy of ubiquitin/epitranscriptomic regulatory inputs is uncharted

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0016853 isomerase activity 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3
Localization
GO:0005829 cytosol 3 GO:0005576 extracellular region 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 5 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 1
Partners
ACTG1OTUB2PKM2SYVN1UBE3CUSP46VDAC1WIP1

Evidence

Reading pass · 25 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2013 Y26 phosphorylation of PGAM1 enhances its activation by releasing an inhibitory glutamate (E19) that blocks the active site, thereby stabilizing cofactor 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate binding and H11 phosphorylation. Crystal structure of H11-phosphorylated PGAM1 revealed that phospho-H11 activates the enzyme at least in part by promoting substrate 3-phosphoglycerate binding. Crystal structure determination, active-site mutagenesis, in vitro enzymatic assays, mass spectrometry Nature communications High 23653202
2024 PKM2 moonlights as a histidine kinase, using phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) as the phosphate donor to phosphorylate PGAM1 at H11, which is essential for PGAM1 activity. Monomeric and dimeric but not tetrameric PKM2 efficiently phosphorylate PGAM1. Src-catalyzed PGAM1 Y119 phosphorylation (downstream of EGF signaling) is a prerequisite for PKM2 binding and subsequent H11 phosphorylation. In vitro kinase assay, Co-IP, cell-permeable phosphopeptide competition, site-directed mutagenesis, metabolic flux analysis, xenograft tumor growth assay The EMBO journal High 38750259
2022 PGAM1 is succinylated at K99 by HAT1 (a writer), and this succinylation enhances PGAM1 enzymatic activity. Aspirin reduces NF-κB p65-dependent HAT1 expression, thereby decreasing PGAM1 K99 succinylation and suppressing glycolysis. PGAM1-K99R mutant failed to rescue aspirin-induced inhibition of enzymatic activity. Site-directed mutagenesis (K99R), Co-IP, RNA-seq, in vitro succinylation assay, metabolic flux measurement (ECAR), in vivo xenograft Acta pharmacologica Sinica Medium 35835856
2024 KAT2A interacts with PGAM1 and promotes succinylation of PGAM1 at K161, enhancing its activity and glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma. AS-IV treatment reduces KAT2A expression and consequently decreases PGAM1 K161 succinylation. Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, site-directed mutagenesis, xenograft tumor model, metabolic assays BMC cancer Medium 38835015
2022 USP46 directly interacts with PGAM1 and enhances its protein stability by reducing ubiquitination, thereby promoting glycolysis and malignant growth in triple-negative breast cancer. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, overexpression/knockdown functional assays, metabolic flux measurement Cell biology international Medium 36335636
2025 SEC61G directly antagonizes the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBE3C to prevent UBE3C-mediated proteasomal degradation of PGAM1, thereby stabilizing PGAM1 protein levels and enhancing glycolysis to support NSCLC brain metastatic colonization. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, transcriptomics, in vivo brain-metastasis mouse model, pharmacological inhibition International journal of biological sciences Medium 39990664
2025 SYVN1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, mediates K48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of PGAM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma; dihydrotanshinone I induces this pathway to suppress glycolysis. Proteasomal degradation assays, ubiquitination assays, in vitro enzymatic activity measurement, orthotopic and subcutaneous xenograft models Phytotherapy research : PTR Medium 40640077
2025 UBE2S interacts with PGAM1 and OTUB2; through OTUB2-mediated K48-linked deubiquitylation, UBE2S prevents PGAM1 degradation, stabilizes PGAM1 protein levels, promotes DNA repair, and reduces glioblastoma cell sensitivity to temozolomide. IP-mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, knockdown functional assays, in vivo GBM mouse model International journal of biological macromolecules Medium 39904430
2021 PGAM1 overexpression in gliomas promotes resistance to irradiation and chemotherapy by sequestering the phosphatase WIP1 in the cytoplasm, thereby preventing inactivation of the ATM DNA damage response signaling pathway. Genetic inhibition (knockdown), cellular fractionation/localization assay, DNA damage response pathway analysis Molecular & cellular oncology Medium 33860077
2020 T cell-specific deletion of Pgam1 in mice attenuates both CD8 and CD4 T cell-dependent immune responses and reduces helper T cell-dependent inflammation. Glycolysis (mediated by PGAM1) augments mTORC1 and TCR signaling, and glutamine acts as a metabolic hub linking glycolysis, mTORC1, and TCR activation to T cell proliferation and differentiation. T cell-specific conditional knockout mice, metabolomics (Soga), in vivo immune challenge assays, signaling pathway analysis Communications biology High 32709928
2020 PGAM1 directly interacts with TGF-β and mediates NF-κB, p38, JNK, and TGF-β signaling pathway activation in cardiomyocytes, contributing to inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cardiac-specific PGAM1 knockout mice are protected from these injuries. Cardiac-specific knockout mice, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro OGDR model, signaling pathway analysis, histology Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 33168191
2018 The S1P/S1PR3 axis inhibits YAP phosphorylation, promotes nuclear YAP translocation, and facilitates formation of a YAP–c-MYC protein complex that enhances transcription of PGAM1, thereby promoting aerobic glycolysis in osteosarcoma cells. Co-immunoprecipitation (YAP–c-MYC complex), chromatin immunoprecipitation (YAP/c-MYC binding to PGAM1 promoter), luciferase reporter assay, RNA-seq, metabolic flux analysis (XF96), xenograft model EBioMedicine High 30587459
2018 NUDT7 acts upstream of PGAM1 in chondrocyte glycolysis; knockout of NUDT7 upregulates PGAM1, and overexpression of PGAM1 alone recapitulates lipid accumulation, IL-1β upregulation, and apoptotic cell death seen in Nudt7-/- mice. Co-introduction of NUDT7 reverses PGAM1-induced negative effects on cartilage homeostasis. Nudt7-/- mouse model, genome-wide analysis, gain/loss-of-function in chondrocytes, epistasis rescue experiment Nature communications High 30143643
2015 Knockdown of PGAM1 in bladder cancer cells upregulates substrate 3-phosphoglycerate and downregulates product 2-phosphoglycerate, consequently inhibiting aerobic glycolysis and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which are essential for cancer cell proliferation. RNAi knockdown, metabolite measurement (3-PG/2-PG), in vivo xenograft Journal of proteomics Medium 26655504
2023 Exosomal PGAM1 from prostate cancer cells is transferred to HUVECs, where it binds to γ-actin (ACTG1) via GST-pulldown and Co-IP, promoting podosome formation and neovascular sprouting, thereby facilitating angiogenesis and metastasis. GST pulldown, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro angiogenesis assay, gelatin degradation assay, in vivo tail-vein metastasis mouse model Cell death & disease Medium 37542027
2022 PGAM1 negatively regulates argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) expression through the cAMP/AMPK/CEBPB signaling axis in breast cancer; PGAM1 knockdown upregulates ASS1, which suppresses malignant behavior. RNA sequencing, knockdown/rescue functional assays, signaling pathway analysis, in vivo xenograft, immunohistochemistry Molecular oncology Medium 35674458
2023 PGAM1 inhibition promotes hepatocellular carcinoma ferroptosis by downregulating Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) via energy stress and ROS-dependent AKT inhibition, which also downregulates PD-L1, synergizing with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. In vitro and in vivo loss-of-function (siRNA/allosteric inhibitor KH3), PDX models, metabolic assays, mechanistic pathway analysis Advanced science Medium 37505495
2025 AUF1, an RNA-binding protein phosphorylated and inactivated by MST1 kinase during senescence, promotes decay of PGAM1 mRNA. Loss of AUF1 activity stabilizes PGAM1 mRNA, accelerating glycolysis-driven pyruvate production and cellular senescence. mRNA decay assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, overexpression/knockdown in human diploid fibroblasts, phosphorylation analysis Aging Medium 40711448
2026 STAT3 directly binds to the PGAM1 promoter to transcriptionally upregulate PGAM1 expression in acute pancreatitis; 17β-estradiol suppresses this axis to reduce inflammatory injury. ChIP assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay, JASPAR bioinformatics prediction, ELISA, in vivo AP mouse model Immunobiology Medium 42044555
2023 RFX6 directly binds to the promoter region of PGAM1 and upregulates its expression, increasing glycolysis and promoting hepatocellular carcinoma development. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, metabolome profiling, functional assays in vitro and in vivo Clinical and translational medicine Medium 38093528
2026 PGAM1 promotes pathological oligomerization of VDAC1 in cardiomyocytes exposed to doxorubicin, disrupting mitochondrial quality control and triggering mitochondrial DNA leakage into the cytosol, which activates the cGAS-STING innate immune pathway and culminates in cardiomyocyte ferroptosis. Cardiomyocyte-specific PGAM1 knockout mice, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, Western blot, pharmacological inhibitors, echocardiography Free radical biology & medicine Medium 41651300
2026 METTL14 promotes PGAM1 mRNA m6A methylation, enhancing PGAM1 mRNA stability and glycolysis in non-small cell lung cancer; METTL14 is itself stabilized by lactylation in a feedback loop. m6A-RIP, RNA stability assay, knockdown/rescue, metabolic flux measurement, IP for lactylation Immunological investigations Medium 42023502
2025 NAT10 promotes ac4C modification of PGAM1 mRNA, enhancing its stability and consequently increasing glycolysis and cell stemness in ovarian cancer. RNA immunoprecipitation (ac4C-specific RIP), dot blot, dual-luciferase reporter, knockdown/rescue, sphere formation assay Scientific reports Medium 41198892
1982 The PGAM1 (PGAMA) locus was mapped to human chromosome 10q26.1 (or 10q25.3) by gene-dosage studies in patients with chromosomal imbalances. Gene dosage analysis in trisomic/monosomic patients Annales de genetique Medium 6282177
2024 PGAM1 Y119 tyrosine phosphorylation (by Src downstream of EGF signaling) was identified by parallel phosphoproteomics and metabolomics as a functionally significant modification; phosphomutant and phosphomimetic PGAM1 isoforms confirmed the metabolic consequence of this site. Parallel phosphoproteomics and polar metabolomics in MCF10A cells, CRISPRi depletion with doxycycline-inducible re-expression of wild-type/mutant isoforms, EGF stimulation/EGFR inhibitor treatment bioRxivpreprint Medium bio_10.1101_2024.05.14.594136

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 57 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2018 S1P/S1PR3 axis promotes aerobic glycolysis by YAP/c-MYC/PGAM1 axis in osteosarcoma. EBioMedicine 106 30587459
2013 Tyr26 phosphorylation of PGAM1 provides a metabolic advantage to tumours by stabilizing the active conformation. Nature communications 90 23653202
2023 PGAM1 Inhibition Promotes HCC Ferroptosis and Synergizes with Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 79 37705495
2018 Dysregulation of the NUDT7-PGAM1 axis is responsible for chondrocyte death during osteoarthritis pathogenesis. Nature communications 58 30143643
2023 Exosomal PGAM1 promotes prostate cancer angiogenesis and metastasis by interacting with ACTG1. Cell death & disease 53 37542027
2015 Proteomics identification of PGAM1 as a potential therapeutic target for urothelial bladder cancer. Journal of proteomics 43 26655504
2022 Targeting PGAM1 in cancer: An emerging therapeutic opportunity. European journal of medicinal chemistry 42 36215859
2019 An allosteric PGAM1 inhibitor effectively suppresses pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 40 31662475
2018 Phosphoglycerate Mutase 1 (PGAM1) Promotes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) Metastasis by Acting as a Novel Downstream Target of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Oncology research 40 29386088
2020 Circ-PGAM1 promotes malignant progression of epithelial ovarian cancer through regulation of the miR-542-3p/CDC5L/PEAK1 pathway. Cancer medicine 36 32167655
2022 Aspirin modulates succinylation of PGAM1K99 to restrict the glycolysis through NF-κB/HAT1/PGAM1 signaling in liver cancer. Acta pharmacologica Sinica 34 35835856
2020 T cell-specific deletion of Pgam1 reveals a critical role for glycolysis in T cell responses. Communications biology 34 32709928
2020 PGAM1, regulated by miR-3614-5p, functions as an oncogene by activating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling in the progression of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cell death & disease 33 32855383
1982 Assignment of phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAMA) to human chromosome 10. Regional mapping of GOT1 and PGAMA to subbands 10q26.1 (or q25.3). Annales de genetique 33 6282177
2011 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid inhibits amyloid β-mediated cellular toxicity on SH-SY5Y cells through the upregulation of PGAM1 and G3PDH. Cytotechnology 27 21424281
2024 PKM2 functions as a histidine kinase to phosphorylate PGAM1 and increase glycolysis shunts in cancer. The EMBO journal 26 38750259
2022 LPA/LPAR1 signaling induces PGAM1 expression via AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α pathway and increases aerobic glycolysis, contributing to keratinocyte proliferation. Life sciences 26 36400203
2015 Expression of PGAM1 in renal clear cell carcinoma and its clinical significance. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 26 26464696
2022 PGAM1 regulation of ASS1 contributes to the progression of breast cancer through the cAMP/AMPK/CEBPB pathway. Molecular oncology 23 35674458
2024 Astragaloside IV inhibits cell viability and glycolysis of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating KAT2A-mediated succinylation of PGAM1. BMC cancer 22 38835015
2023 RFX6 facilitates aerobic glycolysis-mediated growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting PGAM1. Clinical and translational medicine 19 38093528
2018 Identification of PGAM1 as a putative therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma metastasis using quantitative proteomics. OncoTargets and therapy 18 29922073
2022 PGAM1 Promotes Glycolytic Metabolism and Paclitaxel Resistance via Pyruvic Acid Production in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) 16 36224008
2023 MicroRNA-324-3p inhibits osteosarcoma progression by suppressing PGAM1-mediated aerobic glycolysis. Cancer science 13 36880587
2020 PGAM1 deficiency ameliorates myocardial infarction remodeling by targeting TGF-β via the suppression of inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 13 33168191
2015 PGAM1 is Involved in Spermatogenic Dysfunction and Affects Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Migration. Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) 12 25701843
2021 A Schistosoma japonicum MicroRNA Exerts Antitumor Effects Through Inhibition of Both Cell Migration and Angiogenesis by Targeting PGAM1. Frontiers in oncology 11 34221971
2021 3D-QSAR, Molecular Docking, and MD Simulations of Anthraquinone Derivatives as PGAM1 Inhibitors. Frontiers in pharmacology 11 34899321
2022 Ubiquitin specific protease 46 potentiates triple negative breast cancer development by stabilizing PGAM1-mediated glycolysis. Cell biology international 10 36335636
2015 Proteomic Analysis Reveals PGAM1 Altering cis-9, trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Gland. Lipids 10 25820808
2021 PGAM1 regulates the glycolytic metabolism of SCs in tibetan sheep and its influence on the development of SCs. Gene 9 34418471
2018 The Design and Synthesis of N-Xanthone Benzenesulfonamides as Novel Phosphoglycerate Mutase 1 (PGAM1) Inhibitors. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 9 29890679
2023 Identification of human phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) inhibitors using hybrid virtual screening approaches. PeerJ 8 37051414
2021 Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) overexpression promotes radio- and chemoresistance in gliomas by activating the DNA damage response. Molecular & cellular oncology 8 33860077
2021 In Silico Drug Screening Analysis against the Overexpression of PGAM1 Gene in Different Cancer Treatments. BioMed research international 8 34195264
2021 In silico-based identification of phytochemicals as novel human phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) inhibitors for cancer therapy. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences 8 34275800
2024 Pan-Cancer Analysis of PGAM1 and Its Experimental Validation in Uveal Melanoma Progression. Journal of Cancer 7 38434965
2024 PGAM1 suppression remodels the tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer and synergizes with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Journal of leukocyte biology 7 38478709
2022 Effects of Pgam1-mediated glycolysis pathway in Sertoli cells on Spermatogonial stem cells based on transcriptomics and energy metabolomics. Frontiers in veterinary science 7 36213420
2022 Matrine induces hepatocellular carcinoma apoptosis and represses EMT and stemness through microRNA-299-3p/PGAM1 axis. Growth factors (Chur, Switzerland) 7 36260520
2019 PGAM1 knockdown is associated with busulfan‑induced hypospermatogenesis and spermatogenic cell apoptosis. Molecular medicine reports 7 30720109
2021 PGAM1 and TP53 mRNA levels in canine mammary carcinomas - Short communication. Acta veterinaria Hungarica 4 33844639
2025 PGAM1: a potential therapeutic target mediating Wnt/β-catenin signaling drives breast cancer progression. Discover oncology 3 39934550
2025 SEC61G Facilitates Brain Metastases via Antagonizing PGAM1 Ubiquitination and Immune Microenvironment Remodeling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. International journal of biological sciences 3 39990664
2022 Circ-PGAM1 Enhances Matrine Resistance of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via the miR-326/CXCR5 Axis. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals 3 36576783
2025 Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S decreases the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to temozolomide by upregulating PGAM1 via the interaction with OTUB2. International journal of biological macromolecules 2 39904430
2025 Dihydrotanshinone I Targets PGAM1 to Induce SYVN1-Mediated Ubiquitination and Suppress Glycolysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Phytotherapy research : PTR 2 40640077
2025 RNA-binding protein AUF1 suppresses cellular senescence and glycolysis by targeting PDP2 and PGAM1 mRNAs. Aging 1 40711448
2023 CircRNA PGAM1 Promotes the Migration and Invasion of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cells by Activating the AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Molecular biotechnology 1 37702882
2026 PGAM1-dependent VDAC1 oligomerization disrupts mitochondrial quality control to drive doxorubicin cardiotoxicity via the cGAS-STING-ferroptosis axis. Free radical biology & medicine 0 41651300
2026 Lactylation-Mediated METTL14 Promotes Glycolysis Through Facilitating PGAM1 m6A Methylation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Immunological investigations 0 42023502
2026 Estrogen ameliorates Caerulein-induced inflammatory injuries and oxidative stress in acute pancreatitis via STAT3/PGAM1 signaling. Immunobiology 0 42044555
2025 LncRNA SPINT1-AS1 enhances the Warburg effect and promotes the progression of osteosarcoma via the miR-135b-5p/PGAM1 axis. Cancer cell international 0 40170094
2025 NAT10 promotes glycolysis and cell stemness of ovarian cancer cells via ac4C acetylation of PGAM1 mRNA. Scientific reports 0 41198892
2025 ILKAP drives hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating PGAM1-mediated glycolytic reprogramming. Frontiers of medicine 0 41454076
2023 CircDUS2L (circ_0039908) promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression by upregulating PGAM1 by acting as a miR-590-5p molecular sponge. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 0 37392398
2021 [Dynamic changes of the PGAM1 expression in the mouse testis exposed to single heat stress]. Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology 0 34914252