Affinage

Showing ATAD1 — MSP1 is a alias.

ATAD1

Outer mitochondrial transmembrane helix translocase · UniProt Q8NBU5

Length
361 aa
Mass
40.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 16 papers cited in narrative 16 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ATAD1 (yeast ortholog Msp1) is a membrane-anchored AAA+ ATPase of the mitochondrial outer membrane and peroxisomes that operates as a quality-control dislocase, extracting mislocalized and stalled membrane proteins from the bilayer in an ATP-dependent manner (PMID:24843043, PMID:28712723). It is both necessary and sufficient to dislodge tail-anchored (TA) proteins such as Pex15, Gos1, PEX26 and GOS28 that become mistargeted to the OMM, acting in parallel with the GET targeting pathway; loss of both causes synergistic mitochondrial damage (PMID:24843043, PMID:24821790, PMID:28712723). Substrate selection is governed by a dual-recognition mechanism: conserved hydrophobic residues engage exposed hydrophobic surfaces on cytosolic faces while an acidic IMS residue (D12) reads out basic IMS-facing residues, so that solitary, unshielded membrane proteins are recognized whereas substrates protected by partners (Pex15 bound to Pex3) escape turnover (PMID:28906250, PMID:30858337, PMID:32541053). Mechanistically, ATAD1/Msp1 assembles into hexameric spirals that thread substrate through a central pore lined by aromatic pore-loop residues, gripping it in a sequence-promiscuous hydrophobic milieu and coordinating ATP hydrolysis with subunit position to processively translocate and unfold polypeptides (PMID:28712723, PMID:31999255, PMID:32541053, PMID:35550246). Extracted TA proteins are handed off to ER quality control, where Doa10/Ubc6/Ubc7 ubiquitinate them and Cdc48 directs them to the proteasome (PMID:31445887). Beyond TA-protein clearance, ATAD1 prevents clogging of the TOM translocase by un-imported precursors, interacting with TOM components and stalled substrates to maintain import efficiency (PMID:39024102), and directly extracts the pro-apoptotic protein BIM from mitochondria to restrain apoptosis (PMID:36409067). In the mammalian nervous system ATAD1 (Thorase) disassembles postsynaptic GluA2–GRIP1 complexes to control AMPA receptor surface trafficking (PMID:29390050, PMID:28180185); loss-of-function mutations cause a lethal encephalopathy with seizures driven by excessive AMPA receptor activity that is reversible by the AMPA antagonist perampanel in both Atad1 knockout mice and patients (PMID:29390050, PMID:28180185).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 1993 Medium

    Established the founding identity of Msp1 as an outer-membrane protein of a novel ATPase family with a role in intramitochondrial protein sorting, framing the gene as a putative motor acting on membrane proteins.

    Evidence Gene isolation, sequence analysis, overexpression mislocalization phenotype, and subcellular fractionation in yeast

    PMID:8226973

    Open questions at the time
    • No biochemical demonstration of ATPase or extraction activity
    • Physiological substrates unidentified
    • Mechanism of sorting unresolved
  2. 2014 High

    Defined Msp1/ATAD1 as a quality-control factor that limits accumulation of mislocalized tail-anchored proteins on the OMM, acting in parallel to the GET targeting pathway, and showed conservation to mammalian ATAD1.

    Evidence Deletion genetics, msp1Δ × GET epistasis, Co-IP with Pex15, turnover assays, fluorescence microscopy, and mammalian KO mouse tissue

    PMID:24821790 PMID:24843043

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not show direct membrane extraction in vitro
    • Fate of extracted substrates undefined
    • Mechanism of substrate discrimination unknown
  3. 2017 High

    Demonstrated that Msp1 is itself the ATP-dependent membrane dislocase — necessary and sufficient to extract TA proteins from the bilayer — and that a central pore is essential for activity.

    Evidence Proteoliposome reconstitution with purified components, crystal structure of the cytosolic hexamer, pore-residue mutagenesis, and yeast complementation

    PMID:28712723

    Open questions at the time
    • Atomic view of substrate engagement not captured by crystal model
    • Downstream degradation route not addressed
    • Selectivity rules not defined
  4. 2017 High

    Explained substrate selectivity: Msp1 targets proteins in a solitary membrane state, while partner binding (Pex3 shielding Pex15) renders substrates resistant.

    Evidence Live-cell quantitative fluorescence microscopy, drug-inducible expression, kinetic modeling, and Pex15–Pex3 Co-IP

    PMID:28906250

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of shielding not structurally defined
    • Generality across substrates beyond Pex15 untested
  5. 2019 High

    Resolved the molecular recognition code, showing Msp1 reads both exposed hydrophobic surfaces and basic IMS-facing residues, and that introducing a hydrophobic patch converts native proteins into substrates.

    Evidence Systematic mutagenesis of enzyme and substrates, complementation, microscopy, and identification of new substrates Frt1/Ysy6

    PMID:30858337

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative contribution of each recognition arm unresolved
    • How recognition couples to ATP cycle not addressed
  6. 2019 High

    Placed Msp1 in a degradation pathway, showing it functions as an extractase that hands TA substrates to ER machinery (Doa10/Ubc6/Ubc7, Cdc48) for proteasomal degradation rather than degrading them itself.

    Evidence Genetic epistasis across msp1Δ/doa10Δ/cdc48 mutants, fractionation, ubiquitination assays, and Co-IP

    PMID:31445887

    Open questions at the time
    • Physical handoff intermediate not isolated
    • Whether mammalian ATAD1 uses an equivalent ER route untested here
  7. 2019 High

    Extended ATAD1 function to apoptosis regulation, demonstrating it removes pro-apoptotic BIM from mitochondria, with loss sensitizing cancer cells to proteasome-inhibitor-induced death.

    Evidence ATAD1 KO cell lines, mouse xenografts, proteasome inhibitor challenge, BIM interaction/localization and apoptosis assays

    PMID:36409067

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of BIM recognition undefined
    • Relationship between BIM extraction and TA-protein dislocase activity unclear
  8. 2020 High

    Provided near-atomic mechanistic models showing hexameric spirals translocate substrate through an aromatic-lined pore, with a seam recruitment site and hand-over-hand ATP coupling, and that the soluble motor is a processive bidirectional unfoldase.

    Evidence Cryo-EM of Msp1-substrate complexes, negative-stain EM of stabilized hexamers, in vitro translocation/unfolding assays, and Pex3 inhibition

    PMID:31999255 PMID:32541053

    Open questions at the time
    • How spiral engages substrate within an intact bilayer not captured
    • Step size and directionality regulation in vivo unresolved
  9. 2020 Medium

    Consolidated the neuronal role of ATAD1/Thorase in disassembling GluA2–GRIP1 complexes and showed AMPA-receptor antagonism rescues knockout phenotypes, establishing excessive AMPA activity as the pathomechanism.

    Evidence Atad1 KO mice, behavioral and MRI phenotyping, seizure monitoring, and perampanel pharmacological rescue

    PMID:28180185 PMID:32886535

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of GluA2–GRIP1 disassembly not defined
    • Link between synaptic and mitochondrial functions unclear
  10. 2018 High

    Linked ATAD1 to human disease, showing a homozygous frameshift mutation impairs GluA2/Thorase complex disassembly and reduces surface GluA2, causing lethal encephalopathy with arthrogryposis.

    Evidence Whole-exome sequencing, biochemical complex-disassembly assay, oligomeric state analysis, and surface GluA2 quantification in mutant-expressing neurons

    PMID:29390050

    Open questions at the time
    • Genotype–phenotype range across patients undefined
    • Whether mitochondrial functions contribute to disease unaddressed
  11. 2022 High

    Defined human ATAD1 structurally, showing conserved elements specialize it for membrane extraction, that both pore-loop-1 aromatics are essential, and that a C-terminal helix drives oligomerization distinguishing it from relatives.

    Evidence Cryo-EM of human ATAD1–peptide complex, aromatic-to-aliphatic mutagenesis, and live-cell mislocalization assay

    PMID:35550246

    Open questions at the time
    • Full substrate range of human enzyme not mapped
    • Regulation of oligomerization in vivo unresolved
  12. 2024 High

    Revealed a new role in import-stress relief, showing ATAD1 prevents TOM translocase clogging by un-imported precursors and that its expression buffers cells with inefficient import.

    Evidence ATAD1 KO human cells, ATAD1–TOM Co-IP, import assays, quantitative proteomics of un-imported precursors, and overexpression rescue

    PMID:39024102

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ATAD1 directly extracts stalled chains from the TOM channel not structurally shown
    • Coordination with TA-protein and BIM substrates unresolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a single dislocase mechanistically partitions among its diverse substrate classes — mislocalized TA proteins, BIM, TOM-clogging precursors, and synaptic GluA2–GRIP1 complexes — and whether these activities are differentially regulated across tissues remains unresolved.
  • No unified model reconciling mitochondrial and synaptic substrates
  • Tissue-specific regulation of substrate choice unknown
  • In-membrane structural intermediate of extraction not captured

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 4 GO:0140657 ATP-dependent activity 4
Localization
GO:0005739 mitochondrion 5 GO:0005777 peroxisome 3
Pathway
R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 4 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 3 R-HSA-9609507 Protein localization 3 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 1
Partners
BIMCDC48DOA10GLUA2GRIP1PEX15PEX3TOM COMPLEX

Evidence

Reading pass · 16 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1993 Yeast MSP1 (mitochondrial sorting of proteins 1) is an intrinsic mitochondrial outer membrane protein with a large cytosolic domain, belonging to a novel family of putative ATPases sharing a conserved ~185-aa domain including a nucleotide-binding motif. Overexpression causes mislocalization of a fusion protein from the outer to the inner membrane, suggesting a role in intramitochondrial protein sorting. Gene isolation, sequence analysis, overexpression phenotype, subcellular fractionation The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 8226973
1999 Fission yeast Msp1p (a dynamin-related protein, distinct from budding yeast/human ATAD1 Msp1) localizes to mitochondria and anchors to the matrix side of the inner membrane; this paper describes a different Msp1 and is a symbol collision — excluded from ATAD1 discoveries. N/A — excluded Journal of cell science Low 10547374
2014 Yeast Msp1 (ATAD1 ortholog) localizes to mitochondria and peroxisomes and limits accumulation of mislocalized tail-anchored (TA) proteins (Pex15, Gos1) on the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Loss of Msp1 combined with loss of the GET pathway causes synergistic growth defects and severe mitochondrial damage (loss of mtDNA, aberrant morphology). Human ATAD1 similarly limits mitochondrial mislocalization of PEX26 and GOS28. Deletion genetics, epistasis (msp1Δ × GET pathway mutants), fluorescence microscopy, mitochondrial fractionation, mammalian ATAD1 knockout mouse tissue analysis The EMBO journal High 24843043
2014 Msp1, a membrane-anchored AAA-ATPase on the OMM and peroxisomes, functions in a quality control pathway that senses and degrades TA proteins mistargeted to the OMM. Msp1 binds and promotes turnover of a Pex15 mutant misdirected to the OMM; loss of both Msp1 and the GET pathway causes accumulation of Pex15 on the OMM and severe mitochondrial morphology defects. Co-immunoprecipitation (Msp1–Pex15 interaction), fluorescence microscopy, genetic epistasis, protein turnover assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 24821790
2017 Msp1 is both necessary and sufficient to drive ATP-dependent extraction of TA proteins from the lipid bilayer (membrane dislocase activity). Crystal structure of the Msp1 cytosolic region modeled as a ring hexamer reveals a conserved membrane-facing surface adjacent to a central pore; structure-guided mutagenesis of pore residues abolishes TA protein extraction in vitro and fails to complement msp1Δ in yeast. Reconstitution into proteoliposomes with purified components, crystal structure, structure-guided mutagenesis, in vitro ATP-dependent extraction assay, yeast complementation Molecular cell High 28712723
2017 Msp1 clears excess or overexpressed peroxisomal TA proteins (Pex15) from peroxisomal membranes as well as from mitochondria. Pex15 at peroxisomes is rapidly converted from an Msp1-sensitive to an Msp1-resistant state by interaction with the peroxisomal membrane protein Pex3, which shields Pex15 from Msp1-dependent turnover. Thus Msp1 selects substrates on the basis of their solitary membrane existence. Live-cell quantitative fluorescence microscopy, drug-inducible gene expression, kinetic modeling, Co-IP (Pex15–Pex3 interaction) eLife High 28906250
2018 ATAD1 (Thorase) controls internalization of AMPA receptors by disassembling complexes between the AMPA receptor subunit GluA2 and the receptor-binding protein GRIP1 at postsynapses. A homozygous frameshift ATAD1 mutation (c.1070_1071delAT) impairs GluA2/Thorase complex disassembly, alters Thorase oligomeric state, reduces GluA2 at the cell surface, and causes lethal encephalopathy with arthrogryposis. Whole-exome sequencing, biochemical complex disassembly assay, oligomeric state analysis (gel filtration/biochemistry), cell-surface GluA2 quantification in Atad1−/− neurons expressing mutant Thorase Brain : a journal of neurology High 29390050
2019 Msp1 facilitates transfer of mistargeted TA proteins from the OMM to the ER membrane, where Doa10 ubiquitinates them with Ubc6/Ubc7, and Cdc48 (with Ufd1/Npl4) extracts them for proteasomal degradation. Msp1 acts as an extractase that hands off substrates to the ER quality control machinery rather than degrading them directly. Genetic epistasis (msp1Δ, doa10Δ, cdc48 mutants), subcellular fractionation, ubiquitination assay, co-immunoprecipitation Molecular cell High 31445887
2019 Msp1 detects mislocalized TA proteins through a dual-recognition mechanism: (1) conserved hydrophobic residues on Msp1 recognize hydrophobic surfaces exposed on cytoplasmic faces of mislocalized substrates; (2) Msp1's IMS domain (acidic D12 residue) recognizes basic IMS-facing residues on substrates. Introducing a hydrophobic patch into native mitochondrial TA proteins converts them into Msp1 substrates. Systematic mutagenesis of Msp1 and substrates, complementation assays, fluorescence microscopy, new substrate identification (Frt1, Ysy6) EMBO reports High 30858337
2019 ATAD1 (Thorase) mediates removal of the pro-apoptotic protein BIM from mitochondria to inactivate it. Loss of ATAD1 hypersensitizes cancer cells and mouse xenografts to proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis via BIM activation, demonstrating a direct functional interaction between ATAD1 and BIM at mitochondria. ATAD1 KO cell lines, mouse xenografts, proteasome inhibitor treatment, BIM protein interaction/localization assays, apoptosis assays eLife High 36409067
2020 Cryo-EM structures of Msp1-substrate complexes at near-atomic resolution show that Msp1 forms hexameric spirals that translocate substrates through a central pore. A singular hydrophobic substrate recruitment site at the spiral's seam positions substrate for pore entry. Aromatic amino acids in the pore grip substrate in a sequence-promiscuous hydrophobic milieu; intersubunit interfaces coordinate ATP hydrolysis with subunit position in the spiral. Cryo-EM structure determination, structure-guided mutagenesis, biochemical validation eLife High 31999255
2020 The soluble hexameric Msp1 AAA+ motor is a processive bidirectional protein translocase that unfolds diverse substrates by threading through its central pore. Unfoldase activity is inhibited by Pex3, the peroxisomal membrane protein that protects native Pex15 from Msp1-dependent turnover. Hexamerization scaffold to stabilize soluble Msp1 hexamer, negative-stain EM confirmation of hexameric state, in vitro translocation/unfolding assays with diverse substrates, Pex3 inhibition assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 32541053
2020 ATAD1 (Thorase) controls AMPA receptor recycling by disassembling GluA2–GRIP1 complexes at postsynapses, mediating release of neurotransmitter receptors from postsynaptic scaffolds. Loss of ATAD1 in knockout mice causes behavioral defects, brain MRI abnormalities, seizures, and shortened survival; AMPA receptor antagonist (perampanel) treatment rescues these phenotypes, confirming excessive AMPA receptor activity as pathomechanism. ATAD1 knockout mice, behavioral assays, brain MRI, seizure monitoring, perampanel pharmacological rescue, human patient treatment Annual review of cell and developmental biology Medium 28180185 32886535
2017 ATAD1 (Thorase) loss-of-function in mice causes excessive AMPA receptor activity due to impaired GluA2–GRIP1 complex disassembly; perampanel (AMPA receptor antagonist) reverses behavioral defects, normalizes brain MRI, prevents seizures, and prolongs survival in Atad1 KO mice. Human patients with ATAD1 mutation treated with perampanel showed improvement in hypertonicity and resolution of seizures. Atad1 KO mouse model, behavioral and MRI phenotyping, perampanel pharmacological rescue, human patient case report with targeted therapy Neurology. Genetics High 28180185
2022 Cryo-EM structures of human ATAD1 in complex with a peptide substrate at near-atomic resolution show that phylogenetically conserved structural elements specialize ATAD1 for membrane protein extraction while following the general AAA protein mechanism. Both aromatic amino acids in pore-loop 1 are required for ATAD1 function and cannot be substituted by aliphatic residues. A C-terminal α-helix strongly facilitates ATAD1 oligomerization, distinguishing it from closely related proteins. A live-cell microscopy assay directly confirmed ATAD1 activity in vivo. Cryo-EM structure determination, structure-guided mutagenesis (aromatic-to-aliphatic substitutions), live-cell microscopy-based mislocalization assay eLife High 35550246
2024 Human ATAD1 prevents clogging of the mitochondrial translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) by un-imported mitochondrial precursor proteins. ATAD1 interacts with both TOM components and stalled (un-imported) proteins; ATAD1 knockout leads to extensive accumulation of mitochondrial precursors outside the organelle and decreased protein import efficiency. Increased ATAD1 expression improves fitness of cells with inefficient mitochondrial protein import. ATAD1 KO human cells, co-immunoprecipitation (ATAD1–TOM interaction), protein import assays, quantitative proteomics of un-imported precursors, ATAD1 overexpression rescue Cell reports High 39024102

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1993 Analysis of sequence diversity in the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1). Molecular and biochemical parasitology 337 8515771
2003 The MSP1 gene is necessary to restrict the number of cells entering into male and female sporogenesis and to initiate anther wall formation in rice. The Plant cell 226 12897248
2014 Msp1/ATAD1 maintains mitochondrial function by facilitating the degradation of mislocalized tail-anchored proteins. The EMBO journal 192 24843043
2014 The conserved AAA-ATPase Msp1 confers organelle specificity to tail-anchored proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 185 24821790
1992 Secondary processing of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1) by a calcium-dependent membrane-bound serine protease: shedding of MSP133 as a noncovalently associated complex with other fragments of the MSP1. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 177 1741018
2012 ChAd63-MVA-vectored blood-stage malaria vaccines targeting MSP1 and AMA1: assessment of efficacy against mosquito bite challenge in humans. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 173 23089736
1997 Complete protective immunity induced in mice by immunization with the 19-kilodalton carboxyl-terminal fragment of the merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1[19]) of Plasmodium yoelii expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: correlation of protection with antigen-specific antibody titer, but not with effector CD4+ T cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 163 9317139
1992 A malaria merozoite surface protein (MSP1)-structure, processing and function. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 155 1343716
2015 Processing of Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein MSP1 Activates a Spectrin-Binding Function Enabling Parasite Egress from RBCs. Cell host & microbe 135 26468747
2011 Phase Ia clinical evaluation of the Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigen MSP1 in ChAd63 and MVA vaccine vectors. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 134 21862998
1999 Variation of Plasmodium falciparum msp1 block 2 and msp2 allele prevalence and of infection complexity in two neighbouring Senegalese villages with different transmission conditions. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 126 10450422
2006 Immunity to recombinant plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1): protection in Aotus nancymai monkeys strongly correlates with anti-MSP1 antibody titer and in vitro parasite-inhibitory activity. Infection and immunity 123 16861644
2008 OsTDL1A binds to the LRR domain of rice receptor kinase MSP1, and is required to limit sporocyte numbers. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 114 18248596
2011 Plasmodium falciparum msp1, msp2 and glurp allele frequency and diversity in sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria journal 110 21470428
2003 Safety and immunogenicity of a three-component blood-stage malaria vaccine (MSP1, MSP2, RESA) against Plasmodium falciparum in Papua New Guinean children. Vaccine 102 14604568
2017 Msp1 Is a Membrane Protein Dislocase for Tail-Anchored Proteins. Molecular cell 98 28712723
1995 Identification of T and B cell epitopes recognized by humans in the C-terminal 42-kDa domain of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein (MSP)-1. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 96 7538540
2019 Msp1 Clears Mistargeted Proteins by Facilitating Their Transfer from Mitochondria to the ER. Molecular cell 95 31445887
2003 Sequence diversity and evolution of the malaria vaccine candidate merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) of Plasmodium falciparum. Gene 90 12568716
1994 Expression and antigenicity of Plasmodium falciparum major merozoite surface protein (MSP1(19)) variants secreted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 83 7516493
2009 Optimization and validation of multi-coloured capillary electrophoresis for genotyping of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface proteins (msp1 and 2). Malaria journal 76 19386138
1993 A longitudinal study of naturally acquired cellular and humoral immune responses to a merozoite surface protein (MSP1) of Plasmodium falciparum in an area of seasonal malaria transmission. Parasite immunology 76 7877849
2008 Formation of the food vacuole in Plasmodium falciparum: a potential role for the 19 kDa fragment of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(19)). PloS one 73 18769730
2017 The AAA protein Msp1 mediates clearance of excess tail-anchored proteins from the peroxisomal membrane. eLife 69 28906250
2011 Histidine affinity tags affect MSP1(42) structural stability and immunodominance in mice. Biotechnology journal 69 22076863
1998 Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin secreting merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) induces protection against rodent malaria parasite infection depending on MSP1-stimulated interferon gamma and parasite-specific antibodies. The Journal of experimental medicine 68 9730886
2010 Phase 1 trial of the Plasmodium falciparum blood stage vaccine MSP1(42)-C1/Alhydrogel with and without CPG 7909 in malaria naïve adults. PloS one 67 20107498
2005 Antigenicity, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of Plasmodium vivax MSP1 PV200l: a potential malaria vaccine subunit. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 65 16291762
1991 The msp1 beta multigene family of Anaplasma marginale: nucleotide sequence analysis of an expressed copy. Infection and immunity 62 1671779
2007 Phase 1 study of two merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(42)) vaccines for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. PLoS clinical trials 61 17415408
2010 Naturally-acquired humoral immune responses against the N- and C-termini of the Plasmodium vivax MSP1 protein in endemic regions of Brazil and Papua New Guinea using a multiplex assay. Malaria journal 60 20092651
2010 Merozoite surface proteins of the malaria parasite: the MSP1 complex and the MSP7 family. International journal for parasitology 60 20451527
2001 Comparison of the immunogenic properties of recombinant proteins representing the Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate MSP1(19) expressed in distinct bacterial vectors. Vaccine 60 11672901
1999 Fission yeast Msp1 is a mitochondrial dynamin-related protein. Journal of cell science 60 10547374
1999 Vaccine candidate MSP-1 from Plasmodium falciparum: a redesigned 4917 bp polynucleotide enables synthesis and isolation of full-length protein from Escherichia coli and mammalian cells. Nucleic acids research 60 9927744
2012 The major secreted protein Msp1/p75 is O-glycosylated in Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Microbial cell factories 59 22297095
2010 Tailoring subunit vaccine immunogenicity: maximizing antibody and T cell responses by using combinations of adenovirus, poxvirus and protein-adjuvant vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum MSP1. Vaccine 58 20937436
2006 Genetic diversity in the Block 2 region of the merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) of Plasmodium falciparum: additional complexity and selection and convergence in fragment size polymorphism. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 57 16517218
2018 Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 genetic diversity and allele frequencies in parasites isolated from symptomatic malaria patients in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Parasites & vectors 56 29843783
1993 Intramitochondrial protein sorting. Isolation and characterization of the yeast MSP1 gene which belongs to a novel family of putative ATPases. The Journal of biological chemistry 56 8226973
2020 Structure of the AAA protein Msp1 reveals mechanism of mislocalized membrane protein extraction. eLife 51 31999255
2019 Mitochondrial AAA-ATPase Msp1 detects mislocalized tail-anchored proteins through a dual-recognition mechanism. EMBO reports 51 30858337
2016 Magnaporthe oryzae-Secreted Protein MSP1 Induces Cell Death and Elicits Defense Responses in Rice. Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI 51 26780420
2001 CD4(+) T lymphocytes from calves immunized with Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 1 (MSP1), a heteromeric complex of MSP1a and MSP1b, preferentially recognize the MSP1a carboxyl terminus that is conserved among strains. Infection and immunity 51 11598059
1993 Sequence conservation in the C-terminal part of the precursor to the major merozoite surface proteins (MSP1) of Plasmodium falciparum from field isolates. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 50 8515786
2011 Quantifying the importance of MSP1-19 as a target of growth-inhibitory and protective antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum in humans. PloS one 48 22110733
2002 Plasmodium vivax MSP-1 peptides have high specific binding activity to human reticulocytes. Vaccine 48 11818151
2000 Linkage of exogenous T-cell epitopes to the 19-kilodalton region of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(19)) can enhance protective immunity against malaria and modulate the immunoglobulin subclass response to MSP1(19). Infection and immunity 46 10722607
2008 A phase 1 trial of PfCP2.9: an AMA1/MSP1 chimeric recombinant protein vaccine for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Vaccine 44 18930094
2020 Msp1/ATAD1 in Protein Quality Control and Regulation of Synaptic Activities. Annual review of cell and developmental biology 43 32886535
2018 Specificity of the IgG antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium ovale MSP119 subunit proteins in multiplexed serologic assays. Malaria journal 43 30413163
2018 A homozygous ATAD1 mutation impairs postsynaptic AMPA receptor trafficking and causes a lethal encephalopathy. Brain : a journal of neurology 42 29390050
2003 CpG oligodeoxynucleotide enhances immunity against blood-stage malaria infection in mice parenterally immunized with a yeast-expressed 19 kDa carboxyl-terminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(19)) formulated in oil-based Montanides. Vaccine 41 12798636
2017 Precision therapy for a new disorder of AMPA receptor recycling due to mutations in ATAD1. Neurology. Genetics 40 28180185
2011 Plasmodium falciparum 19-kilodalton merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1)-specific antibodies that interfere with parasite growth in vitro can inhibit MSP1 processing, merozoite invasion, and intracellular parasite development. Infection and immunity 40 22202121
2013 Evaluation of parasite subpopulations and genetic diversity of the msp1, msp2 and glurp genes during and following artesunate monotherapy treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Western Cambodia. Malaria journal 39 24206588
2007 Recent independent evolution of msp1 polymorphism in Plasmodium vivax and related simian malaria parasites. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 38 17706800
2006 Immunogenicity of a recombinant protein containing the Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate MSP1(19) and two human CD4+ T-cell epitopes administered to non-human primates (Callithrix jacchus jacchus). Microbes and infection 36 16797207
2024 ATAD1 prevents clogging of TOM and damage caused by un-imported mitochondrial proteins. Cell reports 35 39024102
2018 Genetic diversity and allele frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 in parasite isolates from Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Malaria journal 35 30526609
2014 Analysis of human B-cell responses following ChAd63-MVA MSP1 and AMA1 immunization and controlled malaria infection. Immunology 35 24303947
2016 Antibody levels against GLURP R2, MSP1 block 2 hybrid and AS202.11 and the risk of malaria in children living in hyperendemic (Burkina Faso) and hypo-endemic (Ghana) areas. Malaria journal 34 26921176
2002 Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1): genotyping and humoral responses to allele-specific variants. Acta tropica 34 11755430
2005 Orthologous gene sequences of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) from Plasmodium reichenowi and P. gallinaceum confirm an ancient divergence of P. falciparum alleles. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 33 15907558
2011 Immunogenicity of novel nanoparticle-coated MSP-1 C-terminus malaria DNA vaccine using different routes of administration. Vaccine 32 21939717
2013 Results from tandem Phase 1 studies evaluating the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate antigen Plasmodium falciparum FVO merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(42)) administered intramuscularly with adjuvant system AS01. Malaria journal 31 23342996
2009 Genetic diversity of msp3alpha and msp1_b5 markers of Plasmodium vivax in French Guiana. Malaria journal 31 19284592
2013 Identification and characterization of the merozoite surface protein 1 (msp1) gene in a host-generalist avian malaria parasite, Plasmodium relictum (lineages SGS1 and GRW4) with the use of blood transcriptome. Malaria journal 29 24172200
2001 Increased multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infections and skewed distribution of individual msp1 and msp2 alleles during pregnancy in Ndiop, a Senegalese village with seasonal, mesoendemic malaria. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 29 11463122
1998 Definition of T cell epitopes within the 19 kDa carboxylterminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(19)) and their role in immunity to malaria. Parasite immunology 28 9651928
2020 A novel circular RNA, circ-ATAD1, contributes to gastric cancer cell progression by targeting miR-140-3p/YY1/PCIF1 signaling axis. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 27 32169278
2008 Comparison of immunogenicity of five MSP1-based malaria vaccine candidate antigens in rabbits. Vaccine 27 19038302
2020 The AAA+ ATPase Msp1 is a processive protein translocase with robust unfoldase activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 26 32541053
2016 Naturally Acquired Antibody Responses to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (MSP1) C-Terminal 19 kDa Domains in an Area of Unstable Malaria Transmission in Southeast Asia. PloS one 26 26999435
2003 Splenectomised and spleen intact Aotus monkeys' immune response to Plasmodium vivax MSP-1 protein fragments and their high activity binding peptides. Vaccine 26 14505893
2022 Conserved structural elements specialize ATAD1 as a membrane protein extraction machine. eLife 25 35550246
2007 High frequency of recombination-driven allelic diversity and temporal variation of Plasmodium falciparum msp1 in Tanzania. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 25 17556608
2007 Allelic dimorphism-associated restriction of recombination in Plasmodium falciparum msp1. Gene 25 17574779
2006 Production and characterization of clinical grade Escherichia coli derived Plasmodium falciparum 42 kDa merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(42)) in the absence of an affinity tag. Protein expression and purification 25 16884920
2019 Identification of Msp1-Induced Signaling Components in Rice Leaves by Integrated Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analysis. International journal of molecular sciences 24 31450622
2011 Measurement of naturally acquired humoral immune responses against the C-terminal region of the Plasmodium vivax MSP1 protein using protein arrays. Parasitology research 23 21487779
2011 Influence of HLA-DRB-1 alleles on the production of antibody against CSP, MSP-1, AMA-1, and DBP in Brazilian individuals naturally infected with Plasmodium vivax. Acta tropica 23 22107686
2008 Antibody response dynamics to the Plasmodium falciparum conserved vaccine candidate antigen, merozoite surface protein-1 C-terminal 19kD (MSP1-19kD), in Peruvians exposed to hypoendemic malaria transmission. Malaria journal 23 18782451
2010 Isolation and characterization of the MSP1 genes from Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 22 20519591
2008 MSP1(19) miniproteins can serve as targets for invasion inhibitory antibodies in Plasmodium falciparum provided they contain the correct domains for cell surface trafficking. Molecular microbiology 22 18333885
2006 Plasmodium falciparum anti-MSP1-19 antibodies induced by MSP1-42 and MSP1-19 based vaccines differed in specificity and parasite growth inhibition in terms of recognition of conserved versus variant epitopes. Vaccine 22 17023096
2010 Lineage-specific positive selection at the merozoite surface protein 1 (msp1) locus of Plasmodium vivax and related simian malaria parasites. BMC evolutionary biology 21 20167126
1994 Plasmodium vivax: dimorphic DNA sequences from the MSP-1 gene code for regions that are immunogenic in natural infections. Experimental parasitology 21 8056078
2022 Collateral deletion of the mitochondrial AAA+ ATPase ATAD1 sensitizes cancer cells to proteasome dysfunction. eLife 20 36409067
2016 A chimeric protein-based malaria vaccine candidate induces robust T cell responses against Plasmodium vivax MSP119. Scientific reports 20 27708348
2002 Immunogenic properties of the Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate MSP1(19) expressed as a secreted non-glycosylated polypeptide from Pichia pastoris. Parasitology 20 11922426
2019 Sorting out how Msp1 maintains mitochondrial membrane proteostasis. Mitochondrion 18 31394253
2008 Fine specificity of neonatal lymphocytes to an abundant malaria blood-stage antigen: epitope mapping of Plasmodium falciparum MSP1(33). Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 17 18292564
2011 Immune responses elicited by co-immunization of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum MSP-1 using prime-boost immunization strategies. Parasite immunology 16 21883290
2023 Multifunctional IgG/IgM antibodies and cellular cytotoxicity are elicited by the full-length MSP1 SumayaVac-1 malaria vaccine. NPJ vaccines 15 37558673
2022 TMT-based quantitative membrane proteomics identified PRRs potentially involved in the perception of MSP1 in rice leaves. Journal of proteomics 15 35914717
2017 Generation, characterization and immunogenicity of a novel chimeric recombinant protein based on Plasmodium vivax AMA-1 and MSP119. Vaccine 15 28341111
2009 Temporal and spatial variation in MSP1 clonal composition of Plasmodium falciparum in districts of Assam, Northeast India. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 15 19454325
2008 Association of CYP1A1 Msp1 polymorphism with tobacco-related risk of gallbladder cancer in a north Indian population. European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) 15 18287863
1996 Dominance of conserved B-cell epitopes of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein, MSP1, in blood-stage infections of naive Aotus monkeys. Infection and immunity 15 8613353

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