- Length
- 551 aa
- Mass
- 60.2 kDa
- Annotated
- 2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus
Mechanistic narrative
Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below
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Mechanism profile
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Source papers
Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
| Year | Title | Journal | Citations | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | The NF-kappa B and I kappa B proteins: new discoveries and insights. | Annual review of immunology | 5257 | 8717528 |
| 2012 | Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease. | Nature | 3725 | 23128233 |
| 1986 | Multiple nuclear factors interact with the immunoglobulin enhancer sequences. | Cell | 2401 | 3091258 |
| 2004 | Modulation of NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and cell survival by the SIRT1 deacetylase. | The EMBO journal | 2318 | 15152190 |
| 1988 | I kappa B: a specific inhibitor of the NF-kappa B transcription factor. | Science (New York, N.Y.) | 1972 | 3140380 |
| 2003 | Nod2 is a general sensor of peptidoglycan through muramyl dipeptide (MDP) detection. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 1852 | 12527755 |
| 1997 | A cytokine-responsive IkappaB kinase that activates the transcription factor NF-kappaB. | Nature | 1833 | 9252186 |
| 2002 | Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 1479 | 12477932 |
| 2002 | Visualization of interactions among bZIP and Rel family proteins in living cells using bimolecular fluorescence complementation. | Molecular cell | 1266 | 11983170 |
| 2009 | A census of human transcription factors: function, expression and evolution. | Nature reviews. Genetics | 1191 | 19274049 |
| 2008 | Identification of host proteins required for HIV infection through a functional genomic screen. | Science (New York, N.Y.) | 1165 | 18187620 |
| 1995 | Signal-induced site-specific phosphorylation targets I kappa B alpha to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. | Genes & development | 1164 | 7628694 |
| 2015 | The BioPlex Network: A Systematic Exploration of the Human Interactome. | Cell | 1118 | 26186194 |
| 2017 | Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. | Nature | 1085 | 28514442 |
| 2001 | Duration of nuclear NF-kappaB action regulated by reversible acetylation. | Science (New York, N.Y.) | 1046 | 11533489 |
| 2015 | A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. | Cell | 1015 | 26496610 |
| 1998 | Phosphorylation of NF-kappa B p65 by PKA stimulates transcriptional activity by promoting a novel bivalent interaction with the coactivator CBP/p300. | Molecular cell | 1009 | 9660950 |
| 2005 | Toll-like receptor-mediated cytokine production is differentially regulated by glycogen synthase kinase 3. | Nature immunology | 938 | 16007092 |
| 2004 | Oscillations in NF-kappaB signaling control the dynamics of gene expression. | Science (New York, N.Y.) | 933 | 15499023 |
| 1999 | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha negatively regulates the vascular inflammatory gene response by negative cross-talk with transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 931 | 10542237 |
| 2009 | SIRT6 links histone H3 lysine 9 deacetylation to NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression and organismal life span. | Cell | 917 | 19135889 |
| 1994 | Physical association and functional antagonism between the p65 subunit of transcription factor NF-kappa B and the glucocorticoid receptor. | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 898 | 8290595 |
| 2020 | A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | Nature | 849 | 32296183 |
| 2004 | A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway. | Nature cell biology | 841 | 14743216 |
| 2002 | The phosphorylation status of nuclear NF-kappa B determines its association with CBP/p300 or HDAC-1. | Molecular cell | 795 | 11931769 |
| 2008 | Global analysis of host-pathogen interactions that regulate early-stage HIV-1 replication. | Cell | 787 | 18854154 |
| 2015 | A cytoplasmic NF-κB interacting long noncoding RNA blocks IκB phosphorylation and suppresses breast cancer metastasis. | Cancer cell | 780 | 25759022 |
| 1999 | IkappaB kinases phosphorylate NF-kappaB p65 subunit on serine 536 in the transactivation domain. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 727 | 10521409 |
| 1997 | The transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB is regulated by the IkappaB-associated PKAc subunit through a cyclic AMP-independent mechanism. | Cell | 721 | 9150141 |
| 1998 | Structure of an IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB complex. | Cell | 713 | 9865693 |
| 1997 | CREB-binding protein/p300 are transcriptional coactivators of p65. | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 704 | 9096323 |
| 2003 | Regulation of NF-kappaB signaling by Pin1-dependent prolyl isomerization and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of p65/RelA. | Molecular cell | 572 | 14690596 |
| 2018 | Mechanisms of NF-κB p65 and strategies for therapeutic manipulation. | Journal of inflammation research | 544 | 30464573 |
| 2005 | NF-kappaB RelA phosphorylation regulates RelA acetylation. | Molecular and cellular biology | 384 | 16135789 |
| 1991 | Domain structure of synaptotagmin (p65). | The Journal of biological chemistry | 298 | 1985919 |
| 2005 | Phosphorylation of RelA/p65 on serine 536 defines an I{kappa}B{alpha}-independent NF-{kappa}B pathway. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 291 | 16105840 |
| 2011 | Nuclear factor p65 interacts with Keap1 to repress the Nrf2-ARE pathway. | Cellular signalling | 262 | 21262351 |
| 2009 | p65/RelA modulates BECN1 transcription and autophagy. | Molecular and cellular biology | 219 | 19289499 |
| 1991 | Structural and functional conservation of synaptotagmin (p65) in Drosophila and humans. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 206 | 1840599 |
| 2013 | PRMT5 dimethylates R30 of the p65 subunit to activate NF-κB. | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 200 | 23904475 |
| 1996 | Mutual transcriptional interference between RelA and androgen receptor. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 184 | 8798655 |
| 2010 | Requirement of the NF-kappaB subunit p65/RelA for K-Ras-induced lung tumorigenesis. | Cancer research | 166 | 20406971 |
| 2003 | Differential roles of RelA (p65) and c-Rel subunits of nuclear factor kappa B in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand signaling. | Cancer research | 163 | 12615723 |
| 2006 | IkappaB kinase alpha-mediated derepression of SMRT potentiates acetylation of RelA/p65 by p300. | Molecular and cellular biology | 159 | 16382138 |
| 2007 | Pancreas-specific RelA/p65 truncation increases susceptibility of acini to inflammation-associated cell death following cerulein pancreatitis. | The Journal of clinical investigation | 155 | 17525802 |
| 2008 | RelA/p65 promotes osteoclast differentiation by blocking a RANKL-induced apoptotic JNK pathway in mice. | The Journal of clinical investigation | 143 | 18464930 |
| 1991 | Differential expression of the p65 gene family. | Neuron | 135 | 2054189 |
| 2013 | Resveratrol inhibits NF-kB signaling through suppression of p65 and IkappaB kinase activities. | Die Pharmazie | 132 | 24020126 |
| 2003 | RelB forms transcriptionally inactive complexes with RelA/p65. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 126 | 12657634 |
| 2008 | Nuclear factor-kappaB p65/relA silencing induces apoptosis and increases gemcitabine effectiveness in a subset of pancreatic cancer cells. | Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research | 114 | 19088029 |
| 2005 | Nucleolar sequestration of RelA (p65) regulates NF-kappaB-driven transcription and apoptosis. | Molecular and cellular biology | 113 | 15988014 |
| 2009 | Pim-1 controls NF-kappaB signalling by stabilizing RelA/p65. | Cell death and differentiation | 112 | 19911008 |
| 2011 | Nucleolar NF-κB/RelA mediates apoptosis by causing cytoplasmic relocalization of nucleophosmin. | Cell death and differentiation | 110 | 21660047 |
| 2001 | Protein phosphatase 2A interacts with and directly dephosphorylates RelA. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 110 | 11591705 |
| 2013 | MicroRNA miR-324-3p induces promoter-mediated expression of RelA gene. | PloS one | 109 | 24265774 |
| 1988 | The nucleotide sequence and characterization of the relA gene of Escherichia coli. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 105 | 2844820 |
| 2011 | TNF-alpha induced NFκB signaling and p65 (RelA) overexpression repress Cldn5 promoter in mouse brain endothelial cells. | Cytokine | 103 | 22138107 |
| 2004 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa relA contributes to virulence in Drosophila melanogaster. | Infection and immunity | 101 | 15385461 |
| 1996 | Functional analysis of a relA/spoT gene homolog from Streptococcus equisimilis. | Journal of bacteriology | 100 | 8631718 |
| 1997 | A new member of the I kappaB protein family, I kappaB epsilon, inhibits RelA (p65)-mediated NF-kappaB transcription. | Molecular and cellular biology | 91 | 9315679 |
| 1999 | Cloning and characterization of a bifunctional RelA/SpoT homologue from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | Gene | 90 | 10375643 |
| 2013 | KPNB1, XPO7 and IPO8 mediate the translocation ofNF-κB/p65 into the nucleus. | Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) | 89 | 23906023 |
| 2008 | Functional relevance of novel p300-mediated lysine 314 and 315 acetylation of RelA/p65. | Nucleic acids research | 89 | 18263619 |
| 2007 | Functions and regulation of NF-kappaB RelA during pneumococcal pneumonia. | Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) | 88 | 17237440 |
| 2004 | PIAS3 suppresses NF-kappaB-mediated transcription by interacting with the p65/RelA subunit. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 88 | 15140884 |
| 2007 | Genetic inactivation of RelA/p65 sensitizes adult mouse hepatocytes to TNF-induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. | Gastroenterology | 84 | 17570221 |
| 2016 | Biphasic regulation of chondrocytes by Rela through induction of anti-apoptotic and catabolic target genes. | Nature communications | 82 | 27830706 |
| 1993 | Casein kinase II phosphorylates the synaptic vesicle protein p65. | The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 82 | 8463845 |
| 2013 | Reactive oxygen species activate NFκB (p65) and p53 and induce apoptosis in RVFV infected liver cells. | Virology | 77 | 24418562 |
| 2008 | Nuclear factor kappa B signaling either stimulates or inhibits neurite growth depending on the phosphorylation status of p65/RelA. | The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 77 | 18701687 |
| 2002 | The p65/RelA subunit of NF-kappaB suppresses the sustained, antiapoptotic activity of Jun kinase induced by tumor necrosis factor. | Molecular and cellular biology | 76 | 12417721 |
| 2007 | Cleavage of p65/RelA of the NF-kappaB pathway by Chlamydia. | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 74 | 17301240 |
| 2010 | Chamomile: an anti-inflammatory agent inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by blocking RelA/p65 activity. | International journal of molecular medicine | 71 | 21042790 |
| 2005 | IKKbeta phosphorylates p65 at S468 in transactivaton domain 2. | FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology | 70 | 16046471 |
| 2003 | Suppression of RelA/p65 nuclear translocation independent of IkappaB-alpha degradation by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in gastric cancer. | Oncogene | 67 | 12606945 |
| 2021 | ZFTA-RELA Dictates Oncogenic Transcriptional Programs to Drive Aggressive Supratentorial Ependymoma. | Cancer discovery | 66 | 33741710 |
| 1977 | Analysis of the relA gene product of Escherichia coli. | European journal of biochemistry | 63 | 195816 |
| 2021 | Transcriptional repression of NFKBIA triggers constitutive IKK- and proteasome-independent p65/RelA activation in senescence. | The EMBO journal | 61 | 33459422 |
| 2011 | The measles virus V protein binds to p65 (RelA) to suppress NF-kappaB activity. | Journal of virology | 61 | 21270162 |
| 2010 | Nucleolar targeting of RelA(p65) is regulated by COMMD1-dependent ubiquitination. | Cancer research | 58 | 20048074 |
| 2000 | NF-kappaB p65 (RelA) homodimer uses distinct mechanisms to recognize DNA targets. | Structure (London, England : 1993) | 58 | 10801482 |
| 2015 | Enterovirus 71 2C Protein Inhibits NF-κB Activation by Binding to RelA(p65). | Scientific reports | 56 | 26394554 |
| 2012 | New molecular bridge between RelA/p65 and NF-κB target genes via histone acetyltransferase TIP60 cofactor. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 56 | 22249179 |
| 2015 | Metalloprotease NleC suppresses host NF-κB/inflammatory responses by cleaving p65 and interfering with the p65/RPS3 interaction. | PLoS pathogens | 55 | 25756944 |
| 2006 | Evidence for actin cytoskeleton-dependent and -independent pathways for RelA/p65 nuclear translocation in endothelial cells. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 55 | 17158457 |
| 2014 | RETRACTED: Cyclophilin A (CypA) interacts with NF-κB subunit, p65/RelA, and contributes to NF-κB activation signaling. | PloS one | 54 | 25119989 |
| 2017 | LRRC25 Functions as an Inhibitor of NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Promoting p65/RelA for Autophagic Degradation. | Scientific reports | 53 | 29044191 |
| 1989 | Protein sequences encoded by the relA and the spoT genes of Escherichia coli are interrelated. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 53 | 2542299 |
| 2015 | The NF-κB p65 and p50 homodimer cooperate with IRF8 to activate iNOS transcription. | BMC cancer | 52 | 26497740 |
| 2001 | Functional analysis of relA and rshA, two relA/spoT homologues of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). | Journal of bacteriology | 52 | 11344157 |
| 2010 | Involvement of the p65/RelA subunit of NF-kappaB in TNF-alpha-induced SIRT1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. | Biochemical and biophysical research communications | 50 | 20617556 |
| 2009 | p65/RelA binds and activates the beclin 1 promoter. | Autophagy | 50 | 19458474 |
| 2019 | TGF-β1/p65/MAT2A pathway regulates liver fibrogenesis via intracellular SAM. | EBioMedicine | 49 | 30926424 |
| 2006 | Negative regulation of the RelA/p65 transactivation function by the product of the DEK proto-oncogene. | The Journal of biological chemistry | 49 | 16829531 |
| 2021 | Supratentorial ependymoma in childhood: more than just RELA or YAP. | Acta neuropathologica | 48 | 33481105 |
| 2015 | ComGA-RelA interaction and persistence in the Bacillus subtilis K-state. | Molecular microbiology | 47 | 25899641 |
| 2013 | PPM1A is a RelA phosphatase with tumor suppressor-like activity. | Oncogene | 43 | 23812431 |
| 2017 | PKCε phosphorylates MIIP and promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through inhibition of RelA deacetylation. | Nature communications | 41 | 29038521 |
| 2011 | Variants of the RELA gene are associated with schizophrenia and their startle responses. | Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology | 41 | 21593732 |
| 2013 | Actin-binding protein alpha-actinin 4 (ACTN4) is a transcriptional co-activator of RelA/p65 sub-unit of NF-kB. | Oncotarget | 40 | 23482348 |
| 2013 | ASPP2 suppresses squamous cell carcinoma via RelA/p65-mediated repression of p63. | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 40 | 24127607 |
| 2020 | Deamidation Shunts RelA from Mediating Inflammation to Aerobic Glycolysis. | Cell metabolism | 38 | 32325032 |
| 2010 | PKC alpha phosphorylates cytosolic NF-kappaB/p65 and PKC delta delays nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB/p65 in U1242 glioblastoma cells. | Turkish neurosurgery | 38 | 20669099 |
| 2019 | Hypoxia-induced RelA/p65 derepresses SLC16A3 (MCT4) by downregulating ZBTB7A. | Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms | 36 | 31271899 |
| 2015 | A phosphomimetic mutant of RelA/p65 at Ser536 induces apoptosis and senescence: An implication for tumor-suppressive role of Ser536 phosphorylation. | International journal of cancer | 36 | 26375985 |
| 2022 | OPA1 drives macrophage metabolism and functional commitment via p65 signaling. | Cell death and differentiation | 35 | 36307526 |
| 2014 | Negative regulation of RelA phosphorylation: emerging players and their roles in cancer. | Cytokine & growth factor reviews | 35 | 25438737 |
| 2007 | The oncoprotein gankyrin interacts with RelA and suppresses NF-kappaB activity. | Biochemical and biophysical research communications | 35 | 17904523 |
| 2015 | ZBTB2 increases PDK4 expression by transcriptional repression of RelA/p65. | Nucleic acids research | 34 | 25609694 |
| 2010 | BEX2 has a functional interplay with c-Jun/JNK and p65/RelA in breast cancer. | Molecular cancer | 33 | 20482821 |
| 2009 | RelA regulates virulence and intracellular survival of Francisella novicida. | Microbiology (Reading, England) | 33 | 19762448 |
| 2018 | MRI Phenotype of RELA-fused Pediatric Supratentorial Ependymoma. | Clinical neuroradiology | 32 | 30027327 |
| 2007 | IEX-1 directly interferes with RelA/p65 dependent transactivation and regulation of apoptosis. | Biochimica et biophysica acta | 32 | 18191642 |
| 2012 | Role of RelA and SpoT in Burkholderia pseudomallei virulence and immunity. | Infection and immunity | 30 | 22778096 |
| 2022 | HTLV-1 activates YAP via NF-κB/p65 to promote oncogenesis. | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 29 | 35210364 |
| 2020 | A Hyperactive RelA/p65-Hexokinase 2 Signaling Axis Drives Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma. | Cancer research | 29 | 33067267 |
| 2019 | Extracellular ATP activates P2X7R-NF-κB (p65) pathway to promote the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells of mice. | Cytokine | 29 | 30952064 |
| 2019 | POTEE drives colorectal cancer development via regulating SPHK1/p65 signaling. | Cell death & disease | 29 | 31723122 |
| 2005 | Increased staining for phospho-Akt, p65/RELA and cIAP-2 in pre-neoplastic human bronchial biopsies. | BMC cancer | 29 | 16332260 |
| 2019 | Fatty acid starvation activates RelA by depleting lysine precursor pyruvate. | Molecular microbiology | 28 | 31400173 |
| 2016 | Targeting NF-κB p65 with a Helenalin Inspired Bis-electrophile. | ACS chemical biology | 28 | 28103680 |
| 2010 | 6S RNA regulation of relA alters ppGpp levels in early stationary phase. | Microbiology (Reading, England) | 28 | 20829285 |
| 2020 | Characterization of RelA in Acinetobacter baumannii. | Journal of bacteriology | 26 | 32229531 |
| 2003 | Regulation of RelA (p65) function by the large subunit of replication factor C. | Molecular and cellular biology | 26 | 12509469 |
| 2023 | Human RELA dominant-negative mutations underlie type I interferonopathy with autoinflammation and autoimmunity. | The Journal of experimental medicine | 25 | 37273177 |
| 2021 | Ependymoma-like tumor with mesenchymal differentiation harboring C11orf95-NCOA1/2 or -RELA fusion: A hitherto unclassified tumor related to ependymoma. | Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) | 25 | 33576087 |
| 2019 | TLR4-RelA-miR-30a signal pathway regulates Th17 differentiation during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis development. | Journal of neuroinflammation | 25 | 31561751 |
| 2010 | Thr435 phosphorylation regulates RelA (p65) NF-kappaB subunit transactivation. | The Biochemical journal | 25 | 20001970 |
| 2008 | Differential RelA- and RelB-dependent gene transcription in LTbetaR-stimulated mouse embryonic fibroblasts. | BMC genomics | 25 | 19087315 |
| 2019 | Sevoflurane exerts protective effects on liver ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating NFKB3 expression via miR-9-5p. | Experimental and therapeutic medicine | 23 | 30906455 |