| 2003 |
MAP1LC3B undergoes a distinct post-translational modification compared to MAP1LC3A and MAP1LC3C: it does not undergo C-terminal cleavage after the conserved Gly-120 residue, and instead is modified at Lys-122. All three isoforms associate with autophagosomal membranes as shown by subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence. |
Cell fractionation, immunofluorescence, biochemical characterization of post-translational modifications |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
12740394
|
| 2004 |
The C-terminal Met-121 of MAP1LC3B is cleaved by human Atg4B to expose Gly-120, which is essential for subsequent ubiquitylation-like reactions: formation of Atg7-MAP1LC3B (E1-like) and Atg3-MAP1LC3B (E2-like) intermediates, and conjugation to phospholipid (PE). Gly-120 is required for both C-terminal cleavage and lipidation. RNA interference of MAP1LC3B mRNA decreased both endogenous MAP1LC3B-PL and total MAP1LC3B protein. |
In vitro cleavage assay with recombinant Atg4B, site-directed mutagenesis (G120A mutant), RNAi knockdown, cell fractionation, immunoprecipitation of enzyme-substrate intermediates |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
15355958
|
| 2009 |
Hypoxia increases transcription of MAP1LC3B through the transcription factor ATF4, which is regulated by the PERK arm of the UPR. This transcriptional induction replenishes MAP1LC3B protein consumed during extensive autophagy. Cells deficient in PERK signaling fail to induce MAP1LC3B transcription and become depleted of MAP1LC3B protein during hypoxia. |
Transcriptional reporter assays, western blotting, PERK-deficient cell lines, human tumor xenografts with immunostaining |
The Journal of clinical investigation |
Medium |
20038797
|
| 2014 |
HCV core protein activates autophagy through UPR pathways: DDIT3/CHOP directly binds to the -253 to -99 base region of the MAP1LC3B promoter to upregulate its transcription. The EIF2AK3/ATF4 pathway upregulates ATG12 but not MAP1LC3B. |
Luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation/promoter binding assay, western blotting, qPCR in Huh7 cells |
Autophagy |
Medium |
24589849
|
| 2013 |
PGRMC1/S2R (progesterone receptor membrane component 1) physically associates with MAP1LC3 and UVRAG. PGRMC1 is required for autophagy-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins and damaged organelles; its inhibition by RNAi or small molecules causes accumulation of autophagy substrates and aberrant mitochondria. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, RNAi knockdown, small-molecule inhibition, western blotting for autophagy substrates |
Autophagy |
Medium |
24113030
|
| 2016 |
The cochaperone BAG3 controls the basal amount of MAP1LC3B protein by regulating translation of its mRNA, not its transcription. BAG3 knockdown reduced total LC3B protein without affecting LC3B mRNA levels or LC3B lipidation induced by starvation or proteasome inhibition. This effect appeared specific to LC3B among ATG proteins tested. |
RNAi knockdown, western blotting, RT-qPCR, polysome profiling/translational analysis in HeLa and HEK293 cells |
Autophagy |
Medium |
26654586
|
| 2019 |
pVHL (Von Hippel-Lindau protein) interacts with MAP1LC3B via an LIR motif in its beta domain and ubiquitinates MAP1LC3B, thereby inhibiting LC3B-mediated autophagy. The L101A VHL mutant fails to interact with MAP1LC3B and fails to induce its ubiquitination. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (L101A), western blotting in VHL-deficient and VHL-expressing RCC cell lines |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
30902965
|
| 2015 |
MAP1LC3B deficiency in mice leads to failure to upregulate autophagosome formation in dendritic cells upon RSV infection, resulting in IL-1β and IL-6 secretion and enhanced IL-17a-dependent lung pathology. Both hematopoietic and structural cell LC3B deficiency contribute to this phenotype, as shown by bone marrow chimeras. |
LC3b knockout mice, bone marrow chimeras, RSV infection model, cytokine measurements, in vitro DC assays |
Mucosal immunology |
Medium |
25669150
|
| 2019 |
LC3B knockout mice show susceptibility to bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis. LC3B knockdown sensitizes lung epithelial cells to bleomycin-induced apoptosis while its overexpression is protective. Cathepsin A was identified as a novel LC3B-binding partner; its overexpression drives lung epithelial cell apoptosis and it accumulates in aged LC3B-/- mice and IPF patient lungs. |
LC3B knockout mice, bleomycin lung fibrosis model, RNAi knockdown and overexpression in MLE12 cells, co-immunoprecipitation (cathepsin A binding), electron microscopy, proteasomal activity assay |
FASEB journal |
Medium |
31431059
|
| 2020 |
MAP1LC3B has a non-autophagic function upstream of procaspase-8 cleavage that contributes to ER stress-induced apoptosis triggered by thapsigargin. ATF4 and CHOP independently regulate MAP1LC3B protein upregulation in this context, and this function is required for optimal cytotoxicity in prostate and colon cancer cells. |
RNAi knockdown, western blotting, caspase activity assays, propidium iodide staining for cell death, real-time RT-PCR in LNCaP and HCT116 cells |
Cell communication and signaling : CCS |
Medium |
31987044
|
| 2025 |
HDAC6 physically interacts with MAP1LC3B and mediates its monoubiquitination, reducing MAP1LC3B protein levels and impairing autophagy. This promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy. HDAC6 inhibition restores MAP1LC3B expression and autophagy, attenuating ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, HDAC6 overexpression and inhibition, ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy mouse model, western blotting |
The Journal of pathology |
Medium |
40212005
|
| 2022 |
Ectopic expression of SQSTM1 and its MAP1LC3B-binding domain (LIR domain) targeted to the mitochondrial outer membrane directly induces mitophagy (forced mitophagy), capable of degrading approximately half of mitochondria and their DNA in HeLa cells and mouse embryos without apparent effects on mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS, mitosis, or embryo development. |
Ectopic expression of mitochondria-targeted SQSTM1 LIR domain, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, mitochondrial DNA quantification in HeLa cells and mouse embryos |
Autophagy |
Medium |
35574946
|
| 2024 |
m6A RNA methylation of Map1lc3b mRNA, mediated by METTL3 (writer) and ALKBH5 (eraser), suppresses autophagic processes in Leydig cells exposed to BPA. Integrated transcriptomic and MeRIP-seq analysis identified Map1lc3b mRNA as a specific target of upregulated m6A modification induced by BPA. |
MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq integration, METTL3/ALKBH5 manipulation, in vivo and in vitro BPA exposure models, western blotting |
Journal of hazardous materials |
Medium |
39662354
|
| 2025 |
MAP1LC3B functions as an RNA-binding protein in early embryos and mediates maternal mRNA decay during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). LC3B-mediated mRNA decay operates with faster kinetics than the classical BTG4-CCR4-NOT pathway. Knockdown of LC3B or autophagy inhibition delays maternal mRNA clearance, impairs zygotic genome activation, and causes developmental arrest. Maternal Suv39h2 mRNA was identified as a key LC3B target. |
RIP-seq, RNA-seq, CUT&Tag in early embryos, LC3B knockdown, autophagy inhibition, developmental assays |
Autophagy |
Medium |
41231099
|
| 2023 |
IMP1 (IGF2BP1) colocalization with MAP1LC3B transcripts at homeostasis is reduced under stress. IMP1 deletion or mutation of IMP1 phosphorylation sites enhances MAP1LC3B expression at the protein level, promoting autophagy and intestinal stem cell regeneration. |
Single-molecule FISH, immunofluorescence, IMP1 knockout and phosphorylation-site mutant studies, organoid formation assay, in vivo irradiation regeneration model |
Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology |
Medium |
38081361
|
| 2024 |
Protein ATG8ylation of MAP1LC3B (covalent conjugation to cellular proteins rather than lipids) requires E1-like ATG7 and E2-like ATG3, in common with lipid ATG8ylation, but is independent of the E3-like ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 complex (ATG5 knockout cells can still form ATG8ylated protein conjugates). ATG7 itself is identified as a target of MAP1LC3B ATG8ylation. |
CRISPR/Cas9 knockout cell lines (ATG5, ATG7, ATG3), deconjugation-resistant MAP1LC3B mutant (Q116P G120), western blotting, immunoprecipitation |
bioRxivpreprint |
Medium |
bio_10.1101_2024.07.03.601942
|
| 2025 |
MAP1LC3B undergoes CASM (conjugation of ATG8 to single membranes) at the Golgi apparatus in TRIM46-deficient cells. This non-degradative Golgi Atg8ylation mechanistically resembles CASM. Genetic inhibition of CASM in TRIM46-deficient cells exacerbates Golgi morphology defects, and knockdown of CASM genes impairs Golgi reformation after drug-induced fragmentation, demonstrating that CASM contributes to Golgi repair. |
TRIM46 knockout cells, CASM gene knockdown, immunofluorescence colocalization (LC3B/GABARAP with TGOLN2), drug-induced Golgi fragmentation assay, TFEB activation assays |
bioRxivpreprint |
Low |
bio_10.1101_2025.09.04.674289
|