Affinage

BANP

Protein BANP · UniProt Q8N9N5

Length
519 aa
Mass
56.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
70 papers in source corpus 31 papers cited in narrative 31 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

BANP (also known as SMAR1) is a BEN domain-containing transcription factor that functions as both a sequence-specific activator at unmethylated CpG island promoters and an HDAC-dependent repressor at MAR elements, thereby coordinating essential metabolic gene expression, cell-cycle control, p53 signaling, alternative splicing, and T helper cell differentiation. BANP binds unmethylated CGCG motifs at CpG island promoters through its BEN domain, where oligomerization is required for methylation-sensitive substrate selection, leading to chromatin opening, nucleosome phasing, and activation of essential metabolic and DNA replication genes (PMID:34234345, PMID:39225042, PMID:35942692). At MAR elements, BANP recruits HDAC1/SIN3, HDAC5, or HDAC6 corepressor complexes to repress target promoters including cyclin D1, Slug, β-catenin, STAT3, IκBα, and T-bet, and it modulates alternative splicing of CD44 and PKM pre-mRNAs by maintaining the splicing regulators Sam68 and PTBP1 in a deacetylated state via HDAC6 (PMID:16166625, PMID:25086032, PMID:26080397, PMID:33863392, PMID:25993445). BANP stabilizes and activates p53 through direct interaction via its RS domain while blocking MDM2-mediated degradation, and during post-stress recovery it participates in a ternary complex with MDM2 and phospho-p53 that recruits HDAC1 to deacetylate p53 and terminate the stress response; BANP itself is subject to APC/C–Cdc20-mediated K48-linked polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation (PMID:15701641, PMID:19303885, PMID:28617439).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 2000 Medium

    Identification of BANP as a MAR-binding nuclear protein at the TCRβ locus established its fundamental DNA-binding specificity for scaffold/matrix-associated regions, providing the initial molecular handle for subsequent functional studies.

    Evidence EMSA and GST-pulldown with MARβ DNA, RT-PCR for tissue expression, and chromosomal mapping in mouse

    PMID:10950932

    Open questions at the time
    • MAR-binding specificity shown by competition only, without genome-wide binding data
    • functional consequence of MAR binding at TCRβ not yet demonstrated
  2. 2003 Medium

    Demonstration that BANP physically interacts with p53 and activates p53-dependent transcription linked this MAR-binding protein to the central tumor suppressor pathway, explaining its anti-proliferative activity.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, reporter assays, cell cycle analysis, and in vivo tumor growth delay upon SMAR1(S) overexpression

    PMID:12494467

    Open questions at the time
    • domain of interaction with p53 not yet mapped
    • mechanism of p53 stabilization unknown
  3. 2005 High

    Mapping of the RS domain as the p53-interaction and stabilization interface, and identification of PKC-mediated phosphorylation at Ser347 as essential for this activity, defined the molecular basis of BANP-p53 signaling and revealed that BANP blocks MDM2-mediated p53 degradation.

    Evidence Domain deletion/mutagenesis, in vitro kinase assays, Co-IP, siRNA, and SMAR1 transgenic mice

    PMID:15701641

    Open questions at the time
    • structural basis of RS domain–p53 interaction not resolved
    • whether PKC isoform selectivity matters in vivo is untested
  4. 2005 High

    Discovery that BANP represses cyclin D1 by recruiting the SIN3/HDAC1 complex to its promoter MAR element established the paradigm of BANP as an HDAC-dependent transcriptional repressor acting through MAR sites.

    Evidence ChIP, Co-IP, reporter assays, siRNA knockdown showing HDAC1 recruitment and histone deacetylation spreading over 5 kb

    PMID:16166625

    Open questions at the time
    • whether BANP recruits additional corepressor subunits besides SIN3/HDAC1 at this locus was unknown
    • genome-wide extent of MAR-dependent repression not mapped
  5. 2008 Medium

    Extension of the MAR-dependent repression model to the IκBα promoter and demonstration that BANP inhibits NF-κB transactivation broadened its role to inflammatory signaling regulation.

    Evidence ChIP at the IκBα MAR site, reporter assays, NF-κB target gene array

    PMID:18981184

    Open questions at the time
    • identity of the corepressor complex at the IκBα promoter not specified
    • not confirmed in primary immune cells
  6. 2009 Medium

    Identification of a ternary BANP–MDM2–phospho-p53 complex that recruits HDAC1 to deacetylate p53 during post-stress recovery revealed that BANP acts as a molecular switch to terminate the p53 response, resolving the paradox of how BANP both activates and attenuates p53.

    Evidence Co-IP of ternary complex, ChIP at p21 promoter, cell cycle kinetics after stress recovery

    PMID:19303885

    Open questions at the time
    • temporal dynamics of complex assembly not quantified
    • whether this switch operates in non-transformed cells in vivo is untested
  7. 2010 High

    The finding that severe DNA damage sequesters BANP into PML nuclear bodies—releasing its repression of BAX/PUMA—provided a mechanism for how damage severity is decoded to choose between cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis.

    Evidence ChIP, PML body imaging, reporter assays, SMAR1 mutant analysis in cells with graded DNA damage

    PMID:20075864

    Open questions at the time
    • signals controlling PML body sequestration of BANP not identified
    • whether this mechanism operates in vivo tissue homeostasis is unknown
  8. 2014 High

    Demonstration that BANP inhibits EMT by both transcriptionally repressing Slug via HDAC1 and stabilizing E-cadherin protein by blocking MDM2-mediated ubiquitination revealed a dual-level anti-metastatic mechanism.

    Evidence ChIP at Slug promoter MAR, Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, migration assay in breast cancer cells

    PMID:25086032

    Open questions at the time
    • whether BANP directly contacts MDM2 at E-cadherin or acts indirectly is unresolved
    • in vivo metastasis suppression via this dual mechanism not shown
  9. 2015 High

    Discovery that BANP regulates alternative splicing by maintaining Sam68 in a deacetylated state via HDAC6, with ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation of BANP causing cytoplasmic translocation and release of splicing regulation, established a non-transcriptional function and a signaling-dependent toggle mechanism.

    Evidence Co-IP, CLIP, phosphorylation site mutagenesis, alternative splicing assays for CD44, in vivo metastasis model

    PMID:26080397

    Open questions at the time
    • full repertoire of BANP-regulated alternative splicing events not catalogued
    • direct structural basis of BANP–Sam68 interaction unknown
  10. 2015 Medium

    Conditional T cell-specific BANP knockout revealed its role in repressing Th1/Th17 differentiation by recruiting HDAC1-SMRT to T-bet/IL-17 promoters and in repressing STAT3 to favor Foxp3+ Treg differentiation, establishing BANP as a key regulator of T helper cell fate.

    Evidence ChIP at T-bet, IL-17, and STAT3 promoters; conditional KO mice in colitis and airway inflammation models

    PMID:25736456 PMID:25993445

    Open questions at the time
    • whether BANP binds MAR or CGCG motifs at these immune gene promoters is not distinguished
    • human immunological relevance not confirmed
  11. 2017 High

    Identification of APC/C–Cdc20 as the E3 ligase that targets BANP for K48-linked polyubiquitylation via D-box motifs explained how BANP protein levels are dynamically controlled, with genotoxic stress blocking this degradation to stabilize BANP.

    Evidence Co-IP, K48-specific ubiquitination assay, D-box mutant analysis, proteasome inhibitor experiments, shRNA of Cdc20

    PMID:28617439

    Open questions at the time
    • cell-cycle phase dependence of APC/C–Cdc20-mediated BANP turnover not determined
    • whether D-box degradation interfaces with the Wnt-induced degradation pathway is unclear
  12. 2021 High

    Genome-wide identification of BANP as the transcription factor for the CGCG (Banp) motif at CpG island promoters, with methylation-gated binding leading to chromatin opening and activation of essential metabolic genes, fundamentally reframed BANP from a MAR-binding repressor to a dual-function activator/repressor whose binding is epigenetically regulated.

    Evidence Single-molecule footprinting, interaction proteomics, ChIP-seq, in vitro binding with methylated/unmethylated substrates in mouse ES cells and neurons

    PMID:34234345

    Open questions at the time
    • how BANP activation at CpG islands and repression at MARs are coordinated genome-wide is unresolved
    • whether BANP is essential in adult tissues beyond development unknown
  13. 2022 High

    Zebrafish genetic studies demonstrated that Banp directly activates DNA replication and chromosome segregation genes (wrnip1, cenpt, ncapg) via the Banp motif, and its loss triggers replication stress, p53-dependent apoptosis, and prolonged M-phase, validating the essential in vivo role predicted by the CpG island activation model.

    Evidence banp mutant and morphant zebrafish, RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, epistasis with tp53

    PMID:35942692

    Open questions at the time
    • mammalian in vivo validation of these specific target genes is lacking
    • whether Banp loss phenotypes are fully p53-dependent is unclear
  14. 2023 High

    Crystal structures of the BANP BEN domain in apo and DNA-bound forms revealed electrostatic DNA contacts with base-specific recognition at TC motifs, but showed comparable affinity for methylated and unmethylated DNA by the isolated domain, creating a mechanistic puzzle about methylation selectivity.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography, ITC, protein binding microarray, site-directed mutagenesis

    PMID:37086783

    Open questions at the time
    • discrepancy between isolated domain and full-length protein methylation sensitivity unresolved at this point
  15. 2024 High

    Follow-up crystal structures resolved the methylation-selectivity puzzle by showing that BEN domain oligomerization is required for preferential binding of unmethylated CGCG substrates, establishing the structural basis for BANP's role as a CpG island-specific transcription factor.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of BEN domain–DNA complexes with oligomerization analysis

    PMID:39225042

    Open questions at the time
    • full-length BANP structure not determined
    • oligomeric state in vivo not confirmed
    • how oligomerization interfaces with chromatin context is unknown

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include how BANP's dual roles as a CpG island activator and MAR-dependent repressor are coordinated at the genome-wide level, what determines target selection between these two modes, and whether BANP is essential in adult mammalian tissues.
  • no genome-wide integration of activator and repressor binding profiles
  • no conditional knockout phenotype in adult mammals
  • no full-length BANP structure or structural model of BANP bound to MAR DNA

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003677 DNA binding 10 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 9
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 7 GO:0000228 nuclear chromosome 1
Pathway
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 8 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 4 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 4 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 2 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 2 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 2 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 1
Partners
CDC20HDAC1HDAC5HDAC6KHDRBS1MDM2PTBP1TP53
Complex memberships
SIN3/HDAC1 corepressor complexSMAR1-HDAC6-Sam68 complexSMAR1-MDM2-p53 ternary complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 31 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2021 BANP (SMAR1) is a transcription factor that binds the CGCG element (Banp motif) at CpG island promoters in mouse and human genomes. Upon binding to unmethylated CGCG motifs, BANP opens chromatin and phases nucleosomes, activating essential metabolic genes. DNA methylation of the CGCG motif repels BANP binding in vitro and in vivo, epigenetically restricting binding to CpG islands. Single-molecule footprinting, interaction proteomics, ChIP-seq, in vitro DNA-binding assays with methylated/unmethylated substrates, chromatin accessibility assays in pluripotent and neuronal cells Nature High 34234345
2023 Crystal structure of the BANP BEN domain in apo form and in complex with CGCG-containing DNA revealed that BANP mainly uses electrostatic interactions to bind DNA, with base-specific interactions at TC motifs. The optimal DNA-binding sequence is AAATCTCG. Methylated and unmethylated DNAs are bound with comparable affinity by the isolated BEN domain. X-ray crystallography, isothermal titration calorimetry, protein binding microarray, site-directed mutagenesis The Journal of biological chemistry High 37086783
2024 Crystal structures of the BANP BEN domain in complex with cognate DNA substrates revealed that oligomerization is required for BANP to select unmethylated CGCG motif-containing DNA substrates, clarifying the mechanism by which BANP functions as a CpG island-binding protein. X-ray crystallography of BEN domain–DNA complexes, biochemical oligomerization assays Nucleic acids research High 39225042
2022 Zebrafish Banp (ortholog of human BANP) directly regulates transcription of DNA replication fork regulator wrnip1 and chromosome segregation regulators cenpt and ncapg via the Banp motif. Loss of Banp activates DNA replication stress and tp53-dependent DNA damage responses leading to apoptosis, and causes defective chromosome segregation (prolonged M-phase) in developing retina. Zebrafish banp mutants and morphants, RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, identification of Banp-motif-containing target genes, epistasis with tp53 eLife High 35942692
2000 BANP (originally named SMAR1) was identified as a novel MAR-binding protein that binds the MARbeta scaffold/matrix-associated region located upstream of the TCR beta enhancer. GST-SMAR1 fusion protein binding to MARbeta is competed by MAR-containing DNA from the immunoglobulin kappa locus, demonstrating specificity. The gene maps to mouse chromosome 8 (human 16q24) and produces alternatively spliced transcripts most abundant in thymus. EMSA (electrophoretic mobility shift assay), GST pulldown, RT-PCR, chromosomal mapping Genomics Medium 10950932
2000 BANP was identified as a BTG3-associated nuclear protein through a yeast two-hybrid screen using BTG3 as bait, and was localized to human chromosome 16q24, a region showing frequent loss of heterozygosity in tumors. Yeast two-hybrid screen, chromosomal localization Gene Low 10940556
2003 SMAR1 (BANP) physically interacts with and colocalizes with p53, and overexpression of the short isoform SMAR1(S) activates p53-mediated reporter gene expression and its downstream effector p21, causing G2/M cell-cycle arrest and delaying tumor growth in vivo. Co-immunoprecipitation, colocalization, reporter gene assays, cell cycle analysis, in vivo tumor growth assay International journal of cancer Medium 12494467
2005 SMAR1 (BANP) represses cyclin D1 gene expression by recruiting the SIN3/HDAC1 complex and pocket retinoblastoma proteins to the cyclin D1 promoter MAR element, causing chromatin deacetylation spreading at least 5 kb upstream. The interaction is mediated by SMAR1 domain aa 160-350. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP, reporter assays, siRNA knockdown Molecular and cellular biology High 16166625
2005 The arginine-serine-rich (RS) domain of SMAR1 (BANP) is phosphorylated by protein kinase C family proteins and is the minimal domain responsible for interaction with, activation, and nuclear stabilization of p53. SMAR1 stabilizes p53 by inhibiting MDM2-mediated degradation. Serine 347 of SMAR1 is the PKC phosphorylation site indispensable for its activity. Domain deletion/mutagenesis, in vitro phosphorylation assays, co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, SMAR1 transgenic mice The Journal of biological chemistry High 15701641
2004 SMAR1 and Cux/CDP modulate chromatin structure at the MARbeta region (by DNaseI hypersensitivity) and independently repress TCRbeta enhancer-dependent transcription. SMAR1 and Cux physically interact and colocalize in the perinuclear region; repression is enhanced by their co-expression. The repression domain of SMAR1 is distinct from its MAR-binding domain and contains an NLS and RS-rich domain. DNaseI hypersensitivity, reporter assays, Co-immunoprecipitation, colocalization imaging, domain mapping Nucleic acids research Medium 15371550
2009 SMAR1 forms a ternary complex with MDM2 and Ser15-phosphorylated p53 in the post-stress recovery phase. This complex recruits HDAC1 to deacetylate p53, causing p53 to bind poorly to target promoters (e.g., p21), switching off the p53 response to allow cell cycle re-entry. SMAR1 knockdown prolongs cell-cycle arrest post-stress. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP, reporter assays, siRNA knockdown Journal of molecular biology Medium 19303885
2010 SMAR1 represses BAX and PUMA promoters by binding to an identical MAR element present in both promoters, independently of p53. On mild DNA damage, SMAR1 selectively represses these pro-apoptotic genes via HDAC1-mediated p53 deacetylation, generating cell cycle arrest instead of apoptosis. On severe DNA damage, SMAR1 is sequestered by enlarged PML nuclear bodies, releasing SMAR1 binding and allowing p53 acetylation and apoptosis. ChIP, reporter assays, Co-IP, siRNA knockdown, PML body imaging, SMAR1 mutant analysis The EMBO journal High 20075864
2010 SMAR1 binds to the HIV-1 LTR MAR element and recruits the HDAC1-mSin3 corepressor complex, tethering the LTR to the nuclear matrix and silencing HIV transcription. Cellular activation by PMA/TNFα dislodges the corepressor, increases histone acetylation, reduces trimethylation, and enables RNA Pol II recruitment. ChIP, reporter assays, corepressor complex Co-IP, nuclear matrix fractionation, virion production assay Virology Medium 20153010
2010 SMAR1 directly interacts with and inhibits AKR1a4 enzyme activity in the cytoplasm. Upon stress, ATM kinase triggers nuclear translocation of SMAR1, which dissociates the SMAR1-AKR1a4 complex and elevates AKR1a4 activity for free radical scavenging. Co-immunoprecipitation, enzyme activity assay, subcellular fractionation, ATM inhibitor experiments The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology Medium 20097305
2012 TCF-4, β-catenin, and SMAR1 form a complex that tethers the HIV LTR at the -143 nt site, repressing basal HIV promoter activity. Deletion/mutation of this site or knockdown of TCF-4/β-catenin increases basal LTR activity ~5-fold but does not affect Tat-mediated transactivation. ChIP, luciferase reporter assays, siRNA knockdown, mutant LTR constructs Journal of virology Medium 22674979
2014 SMAR1 inhibits EMT in breast cancer cells via two mechanisms: (1) transcriptional repression of Slug by recruiting an SMAR1/HDAC1 complex to the MAR site in the Slug promoter, restoring E-cadherin expression; and (2) blocking E-cadherin-MDM2 interaction, thereby preventing MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of E-cadherin protein. ChIP, Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, siRNA knockdown, migration assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 25086032
2015 SMAR1 negatively regulates alternative splicing through HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of Sam68. SMAR1 associates with splicing speckles and snRNAs. ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation of SMAR1 at Thr345 and Thr360 causes its cytoplasmic translocation, releasing the SMAR1-HDAC6-Sam68 inhibitory complex and allowing Sam68 acetylation and alternative splicing (e.g., CD44 variant exon inclusion). Co-immunoprecipitation, nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation, CLIP, phosphorylation mapping by mutagenesis, ChIP, alternative splicing assays, in vivo metastasis model Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 26080397
2014 SMAR1 coordinates HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of Ku70, maintaining Ku70 in a deacetylated state that allows its association with Bax and suppression of Bax mitochondrial translocation (providing radioresistance). Ionizing radiation induces SMAR1 expression and ATM-mediated phosphorylation at Ser370, redistributing SMAR1 to nuclear foci. SMAR1 also facilitates Chk2 phosphorylation to enforce G2/M arrest. Co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin fractionation, acetylation assays, siRNA knockdown, phospho-mutant analysis, irradiation experiments Cell death & disease Medium 25299772
2017 Cdc20, a substrate receptor of the APC/C ubiquitin ligase complex, binds SMAR1 via its D-box motif and promotes K48-linked polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of SMAR1. shRNA-mediated knockdown of Cdc20 stabilizes SMAR1. Genotoxic stress prevents Cdc20-mediated SMAR1 degradation. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay (K48-specific), shRNA knockdown, D-box mutant analysis, proteasome inhibitor experiments Cell death & disease High 28617439
2008 SMAR1 binds directly to a MAR site in the IκBα promoter and recruits a corepressor complex to repress IκBα transcription. SMAR1 also inhibits p65 transactivation by producing phosphorylation-deficient NF-κB complexes, downregulating a subset of tumorigenic NF-κB target genes. ChIP, reporter assays, Co-immunoprecipitation, NF-κB target gene array The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 18981184
2021 SMAR1 regulates PKM alternative splicing by recruiting HDAC6 to deacetylate PTBP1, reducing PTBP1 enrichment on PKM pre-mRNA, thereby suppressing PKM2 isoform expression and inhibiting the Warburg effect in cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, CLIP, acetylation assays, qRT-PCR, enzymatic glycolysis assays, in vivo tumor assay Cancer & metabolism Medium 33863392
2015 SMAR1 negatively regulates STAT3 expression by binding to the MAR element of the STAT3 promoter, adjacent to IL-6 response elements, favoring Foxp3 expression and regulatory T cell differentiation over Th17 differentiation in the context of inflammatory bowel disease. ChIP, T cell-specific conditional SMAR1 knockout mice, colitis models, cytokine assays Mucosal immunology Medium 25993445
2015 SMAR1 functions as a negative regulator of Th1 and Th17 differentiation by recruiting the HDAC1-SMRT complex to MAR regions on the T-bet and IL-17 promoters, thereby repressing their transcription and promoting Th2 cell establishment in the context of allergic airway disease. ChIP, T cell-specific conditional SMAR1 knockout mice, airway inflammation model, cytokine assays Mucosal immunology Medium 25736456
2018 SMAR1 inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling by recruiting HDAC5 to the β-catenin promoter, reducing its transcription. SMAR1 is itself degraded via its D-box elements ('RCHL' and 'RQRL') in response to aberrant Wnt3a signaling; substitution mutations in these D-box elements completely abrogate proteasomal degradation. ChIP, reporter assays, mutagenesis of D-box elements, isothermal titration calorimetry, in vivo tumor assay Oncotarget Medium 29765542
2007 SMAR1 mRNA is stabilized by Prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) through a stem-loop structure in its 5' UTR (the '1-UTR' form). This stabilization leads to increased SMAR1 protein and subsequent downregulation of Cyclin D1. Breast cancer cell lines harbor a variant 5' UTR ('17-UTR') lacking this stem-loop, making SMAR1 mRNA non-responsive to PGA2 stabilization. RNA EMSA, 5' UTR deletion/mutation constructs, reporter assays, RT-PCR quantification Nucleic acids research Medium 17726044
2010 HSP70 binds to a novel site in the 5' UTR of SMAR1 (the phi1 form) upon PGA2 treatment, stabilizing the wild-type SMAR1 transcript and increasing protein levels, contributing to PGA2-mediated cell cycle arrest. HSP70 cannot bind the phi17 variant 5' UTR present in breast cancer cells. RNA pulldown/RIP assays, HSP70 knockdown, mRNA stability assays FEBS letters Medium 20153327
2009 TNFα stimulation induces phosphorylation of SMAR1 at Ser-347, promoting its cytoplasmic translocation and releasing its negative regulation of CD40 transcription. Simultaneously, TNFα-induced JAK1-mediated phosphorylation of STAT1 at Tyr-701 enables STAT1 nuclear translocation and CD40 activation via p300 recruitment and histone H3 acetylation. Phospho-specific detection, subcellular fractionation, ChIP, reporter assays Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 20006573
2024 BANP promotes p53 phosphorylation and nuclear retention in vascular endothelial cells exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia, inducing cellular senescence. BANP overexpression alone was sufficient to induce senescence. BANP overexpression in HUVECs, EdU assay, cell cycle analysis, SA-β-gal staining, Western blot for p53/p21, in vivo CIH rat model Gerontology Low 38168028
2024 ZNF471 interacts with BANP in renal cell carcinoma cells and suppresses the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to inhibit cancer malignancy. Co-immunoprecipitation, signaling pathway analysis, functional cell biology assays International journal of biological sciences Low 38169650
2011 SMAR1 inhibits p53 acetylation and p53-dependent apoptosis by repressing p300 expression and by interacting with the p53-p300 transcriptional complex to antagonize p300-p53 interaction, thereby suppressing activation of p53 apoptotic targets and miR-34a. Co-immunoprecipitation, reporter assays, siRNA knockdown, Western blot The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology Medium 22074660
2020 SMAR1 expression in breast cancer stem cells is repressed by cooperative interaction of pluripotency factors Oct4 and Sox2 with HDAC1 at the SMAR1 promoter. Conversely, SMAR1 suppresses ABCG2 transcription by recruiting HDAC2 to the ABCG2 promoter, sensitizing cancer stem cells to chemotherapy. ChIP, Co-immunoprecipitation, reporter assays, shRNA, in vivo tumor model Science signaling Medium 33082288

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 70 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2017 Circular BANP, an upregulated circular RNA that modulates cell proliferation in colorectal cancer. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 145 28103507
2005 Tumor suppressor SMAR1 mediates cyclin D1 repression by recruitment of the SIN3/histone deacetylase 1 complex. Molecular and cellular biology 98 16166625
2018 CircRNA circ-BANP-mediated miR-503/LARP1 signaling contributes to lung cancer progression. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 82 29969631
2014 Inhibition of epithelial to mesenchymal transition by E-cadherin up-regulation via repression of slug transcription and inhibition of E-cadherin degradation: dual role of scaffold/matrix attachment region-binding protein 1 (SMAR1) in breast cancer cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 81 25086032
2021 BANP opens chromatin and activates CpG-island-regulated genes. Nature 71 34234345
2003 Direct interaction with and activation of p53 by SMAR1 retards cell-cycle progression at G2/M phase and delays tumor growth in mice. International journal of cancer 69 12494467
2010 Coordinated regulation of p53 apoptotic targets BAX and PUMA by SMAR1 through an identical MAR element. The EMBO journal 55 20075864
2014 Capsaicin-induced activation of p53-SMAR1 auto-regulatory loop down-regulates VEGF in non-small cell lung cancer to restrain angiogenesis. PloS one 54 24926985
2007 p53 target gene SMAR1 is dysregulated in breast cancer: its role in cancer cell migration and invasion. PloS one 54 17668048
2000 SMAR1, a novel, alternatively spliced gene product, binds the Scaffold/Matrix-associated region at the T cell receptor beta locus. Genomics 52 10950932
2017 Cdc20 directs proteasome-mediated degradation of the tumor suppressor SMAR1 in higher grades of cancer through the anaphase promoting complex. Cell death & disease 50 28617439
2012 Identification of novel T cell factor 4 (TCF-4) binding sites on the HIV long terminal repeat which associate with TCF-4, β-catenin, and SMAR1 to repress HIV transcription. Journal of virology 47 22674979
2009 Tumor suppressor protein SMAR1 modulates the roughness of cell surface: combined AFM and SEM study. BMC cancer 47 19799771
2015 Nuclear matrix-associated protein SMAR1 regulates alternative splicing via HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of Sam68. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 43 26080397
2004 SMAR1 and Cux/CDP modulate chromatin and act as negative regulators of the TCRbeta enhancer (Ebeta). Nucleic acids research 36 15371550
2010 Gene regulation by SMAR1: Role in cellular homeostasis and cancer. Biochimica et biophysica acta 34 20709157
2005 Tumor suppressor SMAR1 activates and stabilizes p53 through its arginine-serine-rich motif. The Journal of biological chemistry 31 15701641
2014 Nuclear matrix protein SMAR1 represses c-Fos-mediated HPV18 E6 transcription through alteration of chromatin histone deacetylation. The Journal of biological chemistry 29 25157104
2010 Nuclear matrix protein SMAR1 represses HIV-1 LTR mediated transcription through chromatin remodeling. Virology 27 20153010
2021 Tumor suppressor SMAR1 regulates PKM alternative splicing by HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of PTBP1. Cancer & metabolism 26 33863392
2007 SMAR1-derived P44 peptide retains its tumor suppressor function through modulation of p53. The Journal of biological chemistry 26 17229733
2009 SMAR1 forms a ternary complex with p53-MDM2 and negatively regulates p53-mediated transcription. Journal of molecular biology 25 19303885
2020 SMAR1 repression by pluripotency factors and consequent chemoresistance in breast cancer stem-like cells is reversed by aspirin. Science signaling 23 33082288
2018 SMAR1 inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling and prevents colorectal cancer progression. Oncotarget 23 29765542
2014 SMAR1 coordinates HDAC6-induced deacetylation of Ku70 and dictates cell fate upon irradiation. Cell death & disease 23 25299772
2021 Circular RNA Circ-BANP Regulates Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein-induced Endothelial Cell Injury Through Targeting the miR-370/Thioredoxin-interacting Protein Axis. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology 22 33298736
2004 Abnormal V(D)J recombination of T cell receptor beta locus in SMAR1 transgenic mice. The Journal of biological chemistry 22 15623522
2008 Tumor suppressor SMAR1 represses IkappaBalpha expression and inhibits p65 transactivation through matrix attachment regions. The Journal of biological chemistry 21 18981184
2015 Nuclear matrix protein SMAR1 control regulatory T-cell fate during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Mucosal immunology 20 25993445
2013 miR-320a regulates erythroid differentiation through MAR binding protein SMAR1. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 20 23876508
2000 Identification and molecular analysis of BANP. Gene 18 10940556
2015 Nuclear matrix binding protein SMAR1 regulates T-cell differentiation and allergic airway disease. Mucosal immunology 16 25736456
2022 Banp regulates DNA damage response and chromosome segregation during the cell cycle in zebrafish retina. eLife 15 35942692
2019 SMAR1 favors immunosurveillance of cancer cells by modulating calnexin and MHC I expression. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 15 31422285
2023 RBX1 regulates PKM alternative splicing to facilitate anaplastic thyroid carcinoma metastasis and aerobic glycolysis by destroying the SMAR1/HDAC6 complex. Cell & bioscience 13 36810109
2017 Control of apoptosis by SMAR1. Molecular bioSystems 13 27934984
2012 Regulation of GAD65 expression by SMAR1 and p53 upon Streptozotocin treatment. BMC molecular biology 13 22978699
2011 Chromatin remodelling protein SMAR1 inhibits p53 dependent transactivation by regulating acetyl transferase p300. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 13 22074660
2010 SMAR1 regulates free radical stress through modulation of AKR1a4 enzyme activity. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 13 20097305
2016 SMAR1 binds to T(C/G) repeat and inhibits tumor progression by regulating miR-371-373 cluster. Scientific reports 12 27671416
2007 Stabilization of SMAR1 mRNA by PGA2 involves a stem loop structure in the 5' UTR. Nucleic acids research 12 17726044
2010 Heat-shock protein 70 binds to a novel sequence in 5' UTR of tumor suppressor SMAR1 and regulates its mRNA stability upon Prostaglandin A2 treatment. FEBS letters 11 20153327
2008 Tumor suppressor SMAR1 downregulates Cytokeratin 8 expression by displacing p53 from its cognate site. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 11 18822384
2017 Chromatin Remodeling Protein SMAR1 Is a Critical Regulator of T Helper Cell Differentiation and Inflammatory Diseases. Frontiers in immunology 10 28232831
2014 Overexpression of SMAR1 Enhances Radiosensitivity in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF7 via Activation of p53 Signaling Pathway. Oncology research 10 26629941
2024 ZNF471 Interacts with BANP to Reduce Tumour Malignancy by Inactivating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signalling but is Frequently Silenced by Aberrant Promoter Methylation in Renal Cell Carcinoma. International journal of biological sciences 9 38169650
2024 SMAR1 and p53-regulated lncRNA RP11-431M3.1 enhances HIF1A translation via miR-138 in colorectal cancer cells under oxidative stress. The FEBS journal 9 39240540
2022 Circular BANP knockdown inhibits the malignant progression of residual hepatocellular carcinoma after insufficient radiofrequency ablation. Chinese medical journal 9 34985013
2023 Structural insights into DNA recognition by the BEN domain of the transcription factor BANP. The Journal of biological chemistry 8 37086783
2022 SMAR1 inhibits proliferation, EMT and Warburg effect of bladder cancer cells by suppressing the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 8 35980125
2016 Carbon nanospheres mediated delivery of nuclear matrix protein SMAR1 to direct experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. International journal of nanomedicine 8 27274234
2014 Chromatin remodeling protein SMAR1 regulates NF-κB dependent Interleukin-8 transcription in breast cancer. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 8 25239884
2021 SMAR1 attenuates the stemness of osteosarcoma cells via through suppressing ABCG2 transcriptional activity. Environmental toxicology 7 33543840
2015 MAR binding protein SMAR1 favors IL-10 mediated regulatory T cell function in acute colitis. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 7 26168735
2022 RING finger protein TOPORS modulates the expression of tumor suppressor SMAR1 in colorectal cancer via the TLR4-TRIF pathway. Molecular oncology 6 34689394
2022 The transcriptomic landscape of elderly acute myeloid leukemia identifies B7H3 and BANP as a favorable signature in high-risk patients. Frontiers in oncology 6 36505804
2009 Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFalpha) regulates CD40 expression through SMAR1 phosphorylation. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 6 20006573
2024 BANP Participates in the Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Senescence of Vascular Endothelial Cells by Promoting P53 Phosphorylation and Nuclear Retention. Gerontology 5 38168028
2021 Chromatin remodeling protein SMAR1 regulates adipogenesis by modulating the expression of PPARγ. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids 5 34450266
2018 Carbon nanospheres mediated nuclear delivery of SMAR1 protein (DNA binding domain) controls breast tumor in mice model. Nanomedicine (London, England) 4 29338617
2024 Pre-clinical Evaluation of Karanjin Against DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats Through Modulation of SMAR1 and CDP/CUx genes. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 2 39177785
2018 SMAR1 promotes immune escape of Tri-negative Breast Cancer through a mechanism involving T-bet/PD-1 Axis. Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France) 2 30301506
2015 Regulation of T cell lineage commitment by SMAR1 during inflammatory & autoimmune diseases. The Indian journal of medical research 2 26609032
2015 Constitutive expression of SMAR1 confers susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a transgenic mouse model. The Indian journal of medical research 2 26831422
2021 SMAR1 suppresses the cancer stem cell population via hTERT repression in colorectal cancer cells. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 1 34551340
2009 Modulation of chromatin by MARs and MAR binding oncogenic transcription factor SMAR1. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 1 19802523
2024 Structural basis of DNA recognition by BEN domain proteins reveals a role for oligomerization in unmethylated DNA selection by BANP. Nucleic acids research 0 39225042
2023 Nuclear Matrix-associated Protein SMAR1 Attenuated Acute Graft-versus-host Disease by Targeting JAK-STAT Signaling in CD4 + T Cells. Transplantation 0 37817309
2020 Correction to: Regulation of GAD65 expression by SMAR1 and p53 upon Streptozotocin treatment. BMC molecular and cell biology 0 32807076
2016 Genome-wide association study of copy number variation with lung function identifies a novel signal of association near BANP for forced vital capacity. BMC genetics 0 27514831