Affinage

ATAD1

Outer mitochondrial transmembrane helix translocase · UniProt Q8NBU5

Length
361 aa
Mass
40.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 12 papers cited in narrative 12 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ATAD1 is a membrane-anchored AAA+ ATPase that functions as a protein quality control extractase on the outer mitochondrial membrane and peroxisomes, removing mislocalized tail-anchored proteins, stalled TOM import substrates, and the pro-apoptotic factor BIM from lipid bilayers in an ATP-dependent manner. Structural studies of ATAD1 and its yeast ortholog Msp1 show it assembles into hexameric spirals that thread substrates through a central pore lined with essential aromatic residues, acting as a processive, bidirectional translocase and unfoldase whose substrate selectivity is governed by exposed hydrophobic surfaces and partner-mediated shielding rather than intrinsic sequence specificity (PMID:28712723, PMID:31999255, PMID:35550246, PMID:30858337). Beyond organelle surveillance, ATAD1 extracts stalled precursors from the TOM complex to maintain mitochondrial protein import capacity and removes BIM from mitochondria to suppress apoptosis (PMID:39024102, PMID:36409067). In neurons, ATAD1 disassembles GluA2–GRIP1 complexes to regulate AMPA receptor surface trafficking and synaptic plasticity, and loss-of-function mutations cause lethal encephalopathy with seizures and hypertonia that is ameliorated by AMPA receptor antagonism (PMID:29390050, PMID:28180185).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 8 steps
  1. 2014 High

    The fundamental question of why certain tail-anchored proteins accumulate on mitochondria was answered by showing that ATAD1/Msp1 acts as a conserved surveillance factor that removes mislocalized TA proteins from the outer mitochondrial membrane when the GET targeting pathway fails.

    Evidence Yeast Msp1 deletion genetics with TA protein localization assays, validated in mammalian ATAD1 KO tissues; independently replicated in two concurrent studies

    PMID:24821790 PMID:24843043

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of extraction (direct vs. indirect) unresolved
    • Energy dependence not yet demonstrated in vitro
    • Substrate recognition determinants unknown
  2. 2017 High

    Whether Msp1/ATAD1 was sufficient for extraction and how it engaged substrates was resolved: reconstituted Msp1 alone drives ATP-dependent TA protein extraction through a hexameric ring, with pore-loop residues essential for activity; substrate selectivity on peroxisomes depends on Pex3-mediated shielding of correctly targeted proteins rather than intrinsic Msp1 specificity.

    Evidence Proteoliposome reconstitution, crystal structure of the AAA+ domain, pore-loop mutagenesis; quantitative live-cell imaging of Pex15 clearance with Pex3 genetic interactions

    PMID:28712723 PMID:28906250

    Open questions at the time
    • No high-resolution substrate-engaged structure yet
    • Shielding mechanism not defined at molecular level
    • Human ATAD1 not yet reconstituted in vitro
  3. 2017 High

    The neuronal function of ATAD1 was established: ATAD1 disassembles GluA2–GRIP1 complexes to control AMPA receptor surface levels, and its loss causes lethal encephalopathy with seizures rescuable by AMPA receptor antagonism, linking TA protein extractase activity to synaptic physiology.

    Evidence Atad1 knockout mouse phenotyping with MRI and behavioral assays; perampanel rescue in mice and human patients

    PMID:28180185

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether GRIP1 disassembly uses the same pore-threading mechanism as TA extraction is untested
    • No structure of ATAD1–GluA2–GRIP1 complex
  4. 2018 High

    Direct human genetic evidence tied a frameshift ATAD1 mutation to lethal encephalopathy, demonstrating that altered oligomerization and impaired GluA2 disassembly underlie the disease mechanism.

    Evidence Whole-exome sequencing of affected patients, oligomerization assays, neuronal surface GluA2 imaging with mutant Thorase

    PMID:29390050

    Open questions at the time
    • Number of disease-causing alleles limited; genotype-phenotype spectrum undefined
    • Impact of this mutation on TA protein extraction function untested
  5. 2019 High

    How Msp1/ATAD1 distinguishes mislocalized from correctly targeted substrates was clarified: a dual-recognition mechanism senses cytoplasm-exposed hydrophobic patches and IMS-facing basic residues on substrates, with a conserved acidic residue (D12) in the IMS domain critical for recognition.

    Evidence Bidirectional mutagenesis of Msp1 and substrates in yeast, identification of new substrates Frt1 and Ysy6

    PMID:30858337

    Open questions at the time
    • No structural view of the IMS recognition interface
    • Whether human ATAD1 uses identical recognition determinants not directly tested
  6. 2020 High

    Near-atomic cryo-EM structures revealed how Msp1 translocates substrates: hexameric spirals grip substrate via sequence-promiscuous hydrophobic pore-loop interactions and a unique seam-site recruitment mechanism, while in vitro assays showed processive bidirectional translocase and robust unfoldase activity inhibitable by Pex3.

    Evidence Cryo-EM of Msp1–substrate complex; in vitro translocase/unfoldase assays with scaffolded soluble Msp1

    PMID:31999255 PMID:32541053

    Open questions at the time
    • Translocation directionality in the membrane context unclear
    • Coupling between ATP hydrolysis cycle and sequential subunit stepping not fully resolved
  7. 2022 High

    Human ATAD1 cryo-EM structures established conserved pore-loop architecture with essential aromatic residues and identified a C-terminal α-helix that drives oligomerization, distinguishing ATAD1 from paralogs; concurrently, BIM was identified as a direct ATAD1 substrate whose extraction from mitochondria suppresses apoptosis, creating a druggable vulnerability in ATAD1-deleted cancers.

    Evidence Cryo-EM of human ATAD1, pore-loop mutagenesis with live-cell TA extraction assay; ATAD1 KO cell lines and xenograft models with proteasome inhibitor sensitivity

    PMID:35550246 PMID:36409067

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether BIM extraction occurs through the same pore mechanism as TA proteins is assumed but not structurally shown
    • Clinical relevance of ATAD1/PTEN co-deletion as a therapeutic biomarker requires validation
  8. 2024 High

    A new function beyond TA quality control was established: ATAD1 prevents clogging of the TOM import channel by extracting stalled precursor proteins, maintaining mitochondrial protein import homeostasis.

    Evidence Co-IP of ATAD1 with TOM complex and stalled substrates, ATAD1 KO precursor accumulation, import rescue by ATAD1 overexpression

    PMID:39024102

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ATAD1 acts directly on the TOM channel or on substrates after release is not resolved
    • Structural basis of ATAD1–TOM interaction unknown
    • Relative contribution of TA extraction vs. TOM clearance to mitochondrial fitness not quantified

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How ATAD1's distinct substrate classes (TA proteins, BIM, TOM-stalled precursors, GluA2–GRIP1 complexes) are prioritized or regulated in different cell types, and whether a unified pore-threading mechanism accounts for all activities, remains unresolved.
  • No structural view of ATAD1 engaging a full-length membrane-embedded substrate in a native lipid bilayer
  • Regulatory mechanisms controlling ATAD1 activity (post-translational modifications, tissue-specific cofactors) are uncharacterized
  • Relationship between neuronal GluA2 disassembly and mitochondrial extractase activity not mechanistically reconciled

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 4 GO:0140657 ATP-dependent activity 4 GO:0016787 hydrolase activity 2
Localization
GO:0005739 mitochondrion 5 GO:0005777 peroxisome 2
Pathway
R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 4 R-HSA-9609507 Protein localization 4 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 2 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 1
Partners
BIMGLUA2GRIP1PEX26PEX3TOM

Evidence

Reading pass · 12 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2014 Yeast Msp1 (ATAD1 ortholog) limits accumulation of mislocalized tail-anchored (TA) proteins (Pex15, Gos1) on the outer mitochondrial membrane when the GET pathway is disrupted; human ATAD1 similarly limits mitochondrial mislocalization of PEX26 and GOS28, establishing a conserved TA protein quality control function at mitochondria. Yeast deletion genetics, co-localization microscopy, Western blot in ATAD1 knockout mouse tissues The EMBO journal High 24843043
2014 Msp1 (ATAD1 ortholog) localizes to the outer mitochondrial membrane and peroxisomes and promotes turnover of TA proteins (Pex15) misdirected to the OMM, acting as a local organelle surveillance factor that extracts mistargeted proteins. Yeast genetics, fluorescence microscopy, protein turnover assays with TA protein mutants Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 24821790
2017 Msp1 (ATAD1 ortholog) is both necessary and sufficient to drive ATP-dependent extraction of TA proteins from the membrane; crystal structure of the cytosolic AAA+ domain modeled as a hexameric ring reveals a conserved membrane-facing surface adjacent to a central pore; pore-loop mutagenesis abolishes TA protein extraction in vitro and in yeast. Reconstitution of purified Msp1 in proteoliposomes, crystal structure, structure-guided mutagenesis, yeast complementation assay Molecular cell High 28712723
2017 Msp1 (ATAD1 ortholog) also resides on peroxisomes and clears excess TA proteins (Pex15) from the peroxisomal membrane; substrate selectivity is conferred by the Pex3-mediated 'shielding' of properly targeted Pex15, not by intrinsic Msp1 specificity; Msp1 selects substrates based on their solitary membrane existence. Live-cell quantitative fluorescence microscopy, drug-inducible gene expression, genetic interaction with Pex3 eLife High 28906250
2018 ATAD1 (Thorase) controls postsynaptic AMPA receptor trafficking by disassembling GluA2–GRIP1 complexes; a frameshift mutation in ATAD1 (p.His357Argfs*15) alters oligomeric state and impairs GluA2 disassembly, reducing surface GluA2 in neurons and causing lethal encephalopathy in humans. Whole-exome sequencing, biochemical oligomerization assays, neuronal GluA2 surface imaging in ATAD1 knockout neurons expressing mutant Thorase Brain : a journal of neurology High 29390050
2019 Msp1 (ATAD1 ortholog) recognizes mislocalized TA proteins through a dual-recognition mechanism: hydrophobic surfaces exposed in the cytoplasm are sensed by conserved hydrophobic residues in Msp1, while basic IMS-facing residues on substrates are recognized by the acidic D12 residue in Msp1's IMS domain; introducing a hydrophobic patch into mitochondrial TA proteins converts them into Msp1 substrates. In vivo genetic analysis in yeast, mutagenesis of Msp1 and substrate residues, identification of new substrates Frt1 and Ysy6 EMBO reports High 30858337
2020 Cryo-EM structures of Msp1–substrate complexes at near-atomic resolution show that Msp1 forms hexameric spirals translocating substrates through a central pore; a singular hydrophobic substrate recruitment site at the spiral seam positions substrate for pore entry; aromatic amino acids grip substrate via sequence-promiscuous hydrophobic interactions; intersubunit interfaces coordinate ATP hydrolysis with subunit position. Cryo-EM structure determination of Msp1-substrate complex eLife High 31999255
2020 Msp1 (ATAD1 ortholog) is a processive, bidirectional protein translocase and robust unfoldase that threads diverse substrates through its central pore; ATPase activity and translocase activity depend on its hexameric state; Pex3 inhibits this unfoldase activity. In vitro translocase/unfoldase assays using hexamerization-scaffolded soluble Msp1, negative-stain electron microscopy Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 32541053
2017 ATAD1 (Thorase) deficiency causes a neurologic disorder with hypertonia and seizures due to excessive AMPA receptor activity; AMPA receptor antagonist (perampanel) rescues behavioral defects, normalizes brain MRI, prevents seizures, and prolongs survival in Atad1 knockout mice, and improves hypertonicity and seizures in human patients. Atad1 knockout mouse behavioral/MRI phenotyping, perampanel pharmacological rescue in mice and human patients Neurology. Genetics High 28180185
2022 Cryo-EM structures of human ATAD1 in complex with a peptide substrate reveal phylogenetically conserved structural elements including a C-terminal α-helix that strongly facilitates ATAD1 oligomerization (distinguishing it from close paralogs) and pore-loop 1 aromatic residues required for function that cannot be replaced by aliphatic residues; a live-cell microscopy assay confirmed ATAD1 activity in extracting mislocalized TA proteins. Cryo-EM structure determination, live-cell microscopy-based mislocalization assay, alanine/leucine mutagenesis of pore-loop aromatic residues eLife High 35550246
2022 ATAD1 directly and specifically extracts the pro-apoptotic protein BIM from mitochondria to inactivate it; ATAD1 loss sensitizes cancer cells to proteasome inhibitors by allowing BIM accumulation and apoptosis; ATAD1 and PTEN are co-deleted at chromosome 10q23 in cancer. Direct pulldown/co-IP of BIM with ATAD1, ATAD1 KO cell lines and mouse xenograft models, proteasome inhibitor sensitivity assays eLife High 36409067
2024 Human ATAD1 prevents clogging of the mitochondrial TOM (translocase of the outer membrane) complex by removing stalled import substrates; ATAD1 interacts with both TOM and stalled proteins; ATAD1 knockout leads to extensive accumulation of mitochondrial precursors and decreased protein import; increased ATAD1 expression improves fitness of cells with impaired mitochondrial protein import. Co-IP of ATAD1 with TOM complex and stalled substrates, ATAD1 knockout cell lines, mitochondrial protein import assays, precursor accumulation measurements Cell reports High 39024102

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1993 Analysis of sequence diversity in the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1). Molecular and biochemical parasitology 337 8515771
2014 Msp1/ATAD1 maintains mitochondrial function by facilitating the degradation of mislocalized tail-anchored proteins. The EMBO journal 189 24843043
2014 The conserved AAA-ATPase Msp1 confers organelle specificity to tail-anchored proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 184 24821790
1992 Secondary processing of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1) by a calcium-dependent membrane-bound serine protease: shedding of MSP133 as a noncovalently associated complex with other fragments of the MSP1. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 177 1741018
2012 ChAd63-MVA-vectored blood-stage malaria vaccines targeting MSP1 and AMA1: assessment of efficacy against mosquito bite challenge in humans. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 172 23089736
1997 Complete protective immunity induced in mice by immunization with the 19-kilodalton carboxyl-terminal fragment of the merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1[19]) of Plasmodium yoelii expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: correlation of protection with antigen-specific antibody titer, but not with effector CD4+ T cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 163 9317139
1992 A malaria merozoite surface protein (MSP1)-structure, processing and function. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 153 1343716
2015 Processing of Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein MSP1 Activates a Spectrin-Binding Function Enabling Parasite Egress from RBCs. Cell host & microbe 134 26468747
2011 Phase Ia clinical evaluation of the Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigen MSP1 in ChAd63 and MVA vaccine vectors. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 133 21862998
1995 Serum antibodies from malaria-exposed people recognize conserved epitopes formed by the two epidermal growth factor motifs of MSP1(19), the carboxy-terminal fragment of the major merozoite surface protein of Plasmodium falciparum. Infection and immunity 133 7822010
1999 Variation of Plasmodium falciparum msp1 block 2 and msp2 allele prevalence and of infection complexity in two neighbouring Senegalese villages with different transmission conditions. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 126 10450422
2006 Immunity to recombinant plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1): protection in Aotus nancymai monkeys strongly correlates with anti-MSP1 antibody titer and in vitro parasite-inhibitory activity. Infection and immunity 123 16861644
2011 Plasmodium falciparum msp1, msp2 and glurp allele frequency and diversity in sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria journal 110 21470428
2003 Safety and immunogenicity of a three-component blood-stage malaria vaccine (MSP1, MSP2, RESA) against Plasmodium falciparum in Papua New Guinean children. Vaccine 102 14604568
2007 The Magnaporthe grisea snodprot1 homolog, MSP1, is required for virulence. FEMS microbiology letters 99 17590228
2017 Msp1 Is a Membrane Protein Dislocase for Tail-Anchored Proteins. Molecular cell 97 28712723
1995 Identification of T and B cell epitopes recognized by humans in the C-terminal 42-kDa domain of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein (MSP)-1. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 96 7538540
2003 Sequence diversity and evolution of the malaria vaccine candidate merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) of Plasmodium falciparum. Gene 90 12568716
2005 Phase I safety and immunogenicity trial of FMP1/AS02A, a Plasmodium falciparum MSP-1 asexual blood stage vaccine. Vaccine 81 16356603
1993 A longitudinal study of naturally acquired cellular and humoral immune responses to a merozoite surface protein (MSP1) of Plasmodium falciparum in an area of seasonal malaria transmission. Parasite immunology 76 7877849
2009 Optimization and validation of multi-coloured capillary electrophoresis for genotyping of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface proteins (msp1 and 2). Malaria journal 74 19386138
2008 Formation of the food vacuole in Plasmodium falciparum: a potential role for the 19 kDa fragment of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(19)). PloS one 73 18769730
2011 Histidine affinity tags affect MSP1(42) structural stability and immunodominance in mice. Biotechnology journal 69 22076863
2017 The AAA protein Msp1 mediates clearance of excess tail-anchored proteins from the peroxisomal membrane. eLife 68 28906250
1989 Immunization of cattle with the MSP-1 surface protein complex induces protection against a structurally variant Anaplasma marginale isolate. Infection and immunity 67 2807542
2005 Antigenicity, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of Plasmodium vivax MSP1 PV200l: a potential malaria vaccine subunit. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 65 16291762
2007 Phase 1 study of two merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(42)) vaccines for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. PLoS clinical trials 61 17415408
2010 Merozoite surface proteins of the malaria parasite: the MSP1 complex and the MSP7 family. International journal for parasitology 60 20451527
2001 Comparison of the immunogenic properties of recombinant proteins representing the Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate MSP1(19) expressed in distinct bacterial vectors. Vaccine 60 11672901
1999 Fission yeast Msp1 is a mitochondrial dynamin-related protein. Journal of cell science 60 10547374
1999 Vaccine candidate MSP-1 from Plasmodium falciparum: a redesigned 4917 bp polynucleotide enables synthesis and isolation of full-length protein from Escherichia coli and mammalian cells. Nucleic acids research 60 9927744
2012 The major secreted protein Msp1/p75 is O-glycosylated in Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Microbial cell factories 59 22297095
2006 Genetic diversity in the Block 2 region of the merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) of Plasmodium falciparum: additional complexity and selection and convergence in fragment size polymorphism. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 57 16517218
2018 Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 genetic diversity and allele frequencies in parasites isolated from symptomatic malaria patients in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Parasites & vectors 56 29843783
1993 Plasmodium vivax:recombination between potential allelic types of the merozoite surface protein MSP1 in parasites isolated from patients. Experimental parasitology 52 8454028
2016 Magnaporthe oryzae-Secreted Protein MSP1 Induces Cell Death and Elicits Defense Responses in Rice. Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI 51 26780420
2001 CD4(+) T lymphocytes from calves immunized with Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 1 (MSP1), a heteromeric complex of MSP1a and MSP1b, preferentially recognize the MSP1a carboxyl terminus that is conserved among strains. Infection and immunity 51 11598059
2019 Mitochondrial AAA-ATPase Msp1 detects mislocalized tail-anchored proteins through a dual-recognition mechanism. EMBO reports 50 30858337
2020 Structure of the AAA protein Msp1 reveals mechanism of mislocalized membrane protein extraction. eLife 49 31999255
1993 Sequence conservation in the C-terminal part of the precursor to the major merozoite surface proteins (MSP1) of Plasmodium falciparum from field isolates. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 49 8515786
2011 Quantifying the importance of MSP1-19 as a target of growth-inhibitory and protective antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum in humans. PloS one 47 22110733
2015 Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum isolates based on MSP-1 and MSP-2 genes from Kolla-Shele area, Arbaminch Zuria District, southwest Ethiopia. Malaria journal 44 25889847
2008 A phase 1 trial of PfCP2.9: an AMA1/MSP1 chimeric recombinant protein vaccine for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Vaccine 44 18930094
2018 Specificity of the IgG antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium ovale MSP119 subunit proteins in multiplexed serologic assays. Malaria journal 43 30413163
2018 A homozygous ATAD1 mutation impairs postsynaptic AMPA receptor trafficking and causes a lethal encephalopathy. Brain : a journal of neurology 42 29390050
2020 Msp1/ATAD1 in Protein Quality Control and Regulation of Synaptic Activities. Annual review of cell and developmental biology 41 32886535
2003 CpG oligodeoxynucleotide enhances immunity against blood-stage malaria infection in mice parenterally immunized with a yeast-expressed 19 kDa carboxyl-terminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(19)) formulated in oil-based Montanides. Vaccine 41 12798636
2017 Precision therapy for a new disorder of AMPA receptor recycling due to mutations in ATAD1. Neurology. Genetics 40 28180185
2004 A common cross-species function for the double epidermal growth factor-like modules of the highly divergent plasmodium surface proteins MSP-1 and MSP-8. The Journal of biological chemistry 40 14976193
2012 Influence of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles on IgG antibody response to the P. vivax MSP-1, MSP-3α and MSP-9 in individuals from Brazilian endemic area. PloS one 39 22649493
2007 Recent independent evolution of msp1 polymorphism in Plasmodium vivax and related simian malaria parasites. Molecular and biochemical parasitology 38 17706800
2006 Immunogenicity of a recombinant protein containing the Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate MSP1(19) and two human CD4+ T-cell epitopes administered to non-human primates (Callithrix jacchus jacchus). Microbes and infection 36 16797207
2000 Site-based study on polymorphism of Plasmodium falciparum MSP-1 and MSP-2 genes in isolates from two villages in Central Africa. Parassitologia 36 11686079
2018 Genetic diversity and allele frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 in parasite isolates from Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Malaria journal 35 30526609
2002 Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1): genotyping and humoral responses to allele-specific variants. Acta tropica 34 11755430
2018 Genetic diversity of the msp-1, msp-2, and glurp genes of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Northwest Ethiopia. Malaria journal 33 30359280
2015 Phase I Clinical Trial of a Recombinant Blood Stage Vaccine Candidate for Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Based on MSP1 and EBA175. PloS one 32 25927360
2011 Immunogenicity of novel nanoparticle-coated MSP-1 C-terminus malaria DNA vaccine using different routes of administration. Vaccine 32 21939717
2024 ATAD1 prevents clogging of TOM and damage caused by un-imported mitochondrial proteins. Cell reports 31 39024102
2013 Results from tandem Phase 1 studies evaluating the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate antigen Plasmodium falciparum FVO merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(42)) administered intramuscularly with adjuvant system AS01. Malaria journal 31 23342996
2009 Genetic diversity of msp3alpha and msp1_b5 markers of Plasmodium vivax in French Guiana. Malaria journal 31 19284592
2014 Small molecule targeting malaria merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) prevents host invasion of divergent plasmodial species. The Journal of infectious diseases 29 24864124
2003 Alpha helix shortening in 1522 MSP-1 conserved peptide analogs is associated with immunogenicity and protection against P. falciparum malaria. Proteins 29 12557183
2001 Increased multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infections and skewed distribution of individual msp1 and msp2 alleles during pregnancy in Ndiop, a Senegalese village with seasonal, mesoendemic malaria. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 29 11463122
1998 Definition of T cell epitopes within the 19 kDa carboxylterminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(19)) and their role in immunity to malaria. Parasite immunology 28 9651928
2020 A novel circular RNA, circ-ATAD1, contributes to gastric cancer cell progression by targeting miR-140-3p/YY1/PCIF1 signaling axis. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 27 32169278
2008 Comparison of immunogenicity of five MSP1-based malaria vaccine candidate antigens in rabbits. Vaccine 27 19038302
2020 The AAA+ ATPase Msp1 is a processive protein translocase with robust unfoldase activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 26 32541053
2003 Expression, polymorphism analysis, reticulocyte binding and serological reactivity of two Plasmodium vivax MSP-1 protein recombinant fragments. Vaccine 26 12559776
2003 Splenectomised and spleen intact Aotus monkeys' immune response to Plasmodium vivax MSP-1 protein fragments and their high activity binding peptides. Vaccine 26 14505893
2018 A proteomic insight into the MSP1 and flg22 induced signaling in Oryza sativa leaves. Journal of proteomics 25 29970347
2016 Naturally Acquired Antibody Responses to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (MSP1) C-Terminal 19 kDa Domains in an Area of Unstable Malaria Transmission in Southeast Asia. PloS one 25 26999435
2007 High frequency of recombination-driven allelic diversity and temporal variation of Plasmodium falciparum msp1 in Tanzania. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 25 17556608
2007 Allelic dimorphism-associated restriction of recombination in Plasmodium falciparum msp1. Gene 25 17574779
2006 Production and characterization of clinical grade Escherichia coli derived Plasmodium falciparum 42 kDa merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(42)) in the absence of an affinity tag. Protein expression and purification 25 16884920
2022 Conserved structural elements specialize ATAD1 as a membrane protein extraction machine. eLife 24 35550246
2019 Identification of Msp1-Induced Signaling Components in Rice Leaves by Integrated Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analysis. International journal of molecular sciences 24 31450622
2011 Measurement of naturally acquired humoral immune responses against the C-terminal region of the Plasmodium vivax MSP1 protein using protein arrays. Parasitology research 23 21487779
2011 Influence of HLA-DRB-1 alleles on the production of antibody against CSP, MSP-1, AMA-1, and DBP in Brazilian individuals naturally infected with Plasmodium vivax. Acta tropica 23 22107686
2008 Antibody response dynamics to the Plasmodium falciparum conserved vaccine candidate antigen, merozoite surface protein-1 C-terminal 19kD (MSP1-19kD), in Peruvians exposed to hypoendemic malaria transmission. Malaria journal 23 18782451
2007 Genetic diversity in merozoite surface protein (MSP)-1 and MSP-2 genes of Plasmodium falciparum in a major endemic region of Iran. The Korean journal of parasitology 23 17374980
2010 Isolation and characterization of the MSP1 genes from Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 22 20519591
2008 MSP1(19) miniproteins can serve as targets for invasion inhibitory antibodies in Plasmodium falciparum provided they contain the correct domains for cell surface trafficking. Molecular microbiology 22 18333885
2010 Lineage-specific positive selection at the merozoite surface protein 1 (msp1) locus of Plasmodium vivax and related simian malaria parasites. BMC evolutionary biology 21 20167126
2005 Genetic diversity of the msp-1 locus and symptomatic malaria in south-west Nigeria. Acta tropica 21 16023985
1994 Plasmodium vivax: dimorphic DNA sequences from the MSP-1 gene code for regions that are immunogenic in natural infections. Experimental parasitology 21 8056078
2022 Collateral deletion of the mitochondrial AAA+ ATPase ATAD1 sensitizes cancer cells to proteasome dysfunction. eLife 20 36409067
2016 A chimeric protein-based malaria vaccine candidate induces robust T cell responses against Plasmodium vivax MSP119. Scientific reports 20 27708348
2005 Molecular analysis of two local falciparum malaria outbreaks on the French Guiana coast confirms the msp1 B-K1/varD genotype association with severe malaria. Malaria journal 20 15969766
1998 Allelic diversity at the merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) locus in natural Plasmodium falciparum populations: a brief overview. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 20 9830530
2002 Immunogenic properties of the Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidate MSP1(19) expressed as a secreted non-glycosylated polypeptide from Pichia pastoris. Parasitology 19 11922426
2019 Sorting out how Msp1 maintains mitochondrial membrane proteostasis. Mitochondrion 17 31394253
2008 Fine specificity of neonatal lymphocytes to an abundant malaria blood-stage antigen: epitope mapping of Plasmodium falciparum MSP1(33). Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 17 18292564
2003 Genetic relatedness of Plasmodium falciparum isolates and the origin of allelic diversity at the merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) locus in Brazil and Vietnam. Malaria journal 17 12941155
2019 Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from patients with uncomplicated and severe malaria based on msp-1 and msp-2 genes in Gublak, North West Ethiopia. Malaria journal 16 31823778
2011 Immune responses elicited by co-immunization of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum MSP-1 using prime-boost immunization strategies. Parasite immunology 16 21883290
2022 TMT-based quantitative membrane proteomics identified PRRs potentially involved in the perception of MSP1 in rice leaves. Journal of proteomics 15 35914717
2010 Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in Bolifamba, on the slopes of Mount Cameroon: influence of MSP1 allelic variants on symptomatic malaria and anaemia. Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology 15 20149290
1996 Dominance of conserved B-cell epitopes of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein, MSP1, in blood-stage infections of naive Aotus monkeys. Infection and immunity 15 8613353
1996 Influence of adjuvants on murine immune responses against the C-terminal 19 kDa fragment of Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1). Parasite immunology 15 9226693