| 2010 |
Treslin (TICRR) associates with TopBP1 in Xenopus egg extracts and human cells, and is required for loading of Cdc45 onto chromatin. Depletion of Treslin strongly inhibits chromosomal DNA replication. Treslin binds chromatin independently of TopBP1, but Treslin-TopBP1 association requires Cdk2 activity and is necessary for Cdc45 loading. |
Immunodepletion from Xenopus egg extracts, co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown in human cells, chromatin fractionation |
Cell |
High |
20116089
|
| 2010 |
TICRR (ticrr) associates with TopBP1 via BRCT motifs essential for TopBP1's replication and checkpoint functions, and ticrr deficiency disrupts chromatin binding of pre-initiation complex (pre-IC) components without affecting pre-replication complex (pre-RC) loading, placing TICRR at the pre-IC assembly step. |
Zebrafish genetic screen, co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin fractionation, morpholino knockdown |
Genes & development |
High |
20080954
|
| 2011 |
Treslin/TICRR contains two conserved CDK phosphorylation sites (orthologous to yeast Sld3 CDK sites) that are essential for DNA replication. Phosphorylation of these sites mediates interaction with the N-terminal pair of BRCT repeats in TopBP1 (ortholog of yeast Dpb11). Replication stress prevents this interaction via the Chk1 checkpoint kinase. |
Mutagenesis of CDK sites, co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown with replication assays, sequence conservation analysis |
Current biology : CB |
High |
21700459
|
| 2011 |
Treslin is phosphorylated by Cdk2-cyclin E at a conserved CDK consensus site (S976 in Xenopus, S1000 in humans). This phosphorylation is required for effective association with TopBP1 and for DNA replication. A non-phosphorylatable mutant shows severely diminished TopBP1 binding and replication deficiency. |
In vitro kinase assay with recombinant Cdk2-cyclin E, site-directed mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation, human cell replication assays |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
21646402
|
| 2014 |
Chk1 associates specifically with a C-terminal domain of Treslin (TRCT domain). This interaction enables Chk1-catalyzed phosphorylation of Treslin. Abolishing the Treslin-Chk1 interaction results in elevated replication initiation during an unperturbed S phase due to enhanced Cdc45 loading, revealing a Chk1 role in suppressing origin firing during normal S phase. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, TRCT domain mutagenesis, EdU incorporation assays, Cdc45 chromatin loading analysis |
Molecular cell |
High |
25557548
|
| 2013 |
Treslin stimulates ATR-mediated phosphorylation of Chk1 both in vitro and in vivo in a TopBP1-dependent manner, and the phosphorylation state of Treslin at Ser-1000 is important for this checkpoint activity, indicating Treslin is a dual replication/checkpoint protein. |
In vitro ATR kinase assay, cell-based checkpoint assays, phosphorylation site mutagenesis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
23696651
|
| 2015 |
Overexpression of a phosphomimetic TICRR mutant (TICRR-TESE, mimicking CDK phosphorylation at two key residues) shortens S phase by increasing replication initiation. This effect requires the TICRR region necessary for interaction with MTBP (Mdm2-binding protein), demonstrating that phosphorylated TICRR is limiting for S-phase progression. |
Phosphomimetic mutant overexpression, EdU incorporation, DNA fiber analysis, replication cluster analysis in human cells |
Genes & development |
Medium |
25737283
|
| 2017 |
MTBP (Mdm2-binding protein) is a binding partner of Treslin. Depletion of MTBP from Xenopus egg extracts co-depletes Treslin and abolishes DNA replication, which can only be rescued by recombinant Treslin-MTBP together, not either protein alone. MTBP contains a C-terminal domain (CTM) that binds double-stranded and G-quadruplex DNA, and CTM mutants are defective for chromatin localization and Cdc45 loading. |
Immunodepletion and add-back in Xenopus egg extracts, DNA-binding assays, chromatin fractionation, human cell S-phase assays, domain mutagenesis |
Molecular biology of the cell |
High |
28877985
|
| 2017 |
Ensa (a substrate of Greatwall kinase) controls Treslin protein levels via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Ensa knockdown reduces Treslin levels and extends S phase; this phenotype is rescued by Treslin overexpression. The Gwl/Ensa/PP2A-B55 pathway thus regulates S-phase duration by controlling Treslin degradation. |
siRNA knockdown, proteasome inhibitor treatment, rescue experiments with Treslin overexpression, flow cytometry |
Nature communications |
Medium |
28785014
|
| 2017 |
Mutant p53 (contact-type, e.g. R273H) enhances the interaction between TopBP1 and Treslin and promotes DNA replication even when Cdk2 is inhibited, bypassing the normal CDK requirement for Treslin-TopBP1 interaction. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, BrdU incorporation assays, CDK2 inhibitor treatment, expression of specific p53 mutants |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Medium |
28439015
|
| 2021 |
MTBP forms an elongated tetramer with Treslin containing two molecules of each protein. Treslin-MTBP is rate-limiting for replication initiation. DDK activity both increases and strengthens the interaction of Treslin-MTBP with licensed chromatin, and cooperates with CDK to drive Treslin-MTBP interaction with TopBP1 at the pre-IC formation step. |
Immunodepletion and add-back in Xenopus egg extracts, biochemical characterization of complex stoichiometry, kinase inhibitor treatments |
Open biology |
Medium |
34699733
|
| 2021 |
TICRR/TRESLIN protein levels are high in G1 and decrease upon S-phase entry via CRL4-DTL E3 ubiquitin ligase-dependent proteasomal degradation. This mechanism moderates TICRR levels to control the number of active origins during S phase. |
Cell cycle synchronization, immunoblotting, siRNA screens targeting E3 ligase components, proteasome inhibitor treatment |
Nucleic acids research |
Medium |
34534348
|
| 2020 |
MTBP (and hence the Treslin-MTBP complex) binds to at least 30,000 sites in the human genome, preferentially at regions of open chromatin containing transcriptional-regulatory elements (promoters, enhancers, super-enhancers) with nucleosome-free DNA (G-quadruplex or AP-1 motifs) and H3K4me2-marked nucleosomes. |
ChIP-seq genome-wide mapping of MTBP in human cells, correlation with chromatin accessibility and histone modification datasets |
Cell reports |
Medium |
32966791
|
| 2022 |
TRESLIN-MTBP acts transiently at pre-replication complexes to initiate origin firing and is released after CDC45 recruitment. The dynamic behavior of TRESLIN-MTBP implements a monitoring system that senses the rate of origin firing and the decline of active origins in late S phase, preventing premature entry into G2 independently of ATR/CHK1 kinases. |
Live-cell imaging, chromatin fractionation, cell cycle analysis, ATR/CHK1 inhibitor treatments, knockdown experiments |
Molecular cell |
Medium |
36049481
|
| 2022 |
Chk1 regulates the Treslin-TopBP1 interaction through multiple mechanisms during replication stress: (1) Chk1-dependent decrease in CDK activity reduces phosphorylation of Treslin T968 (but not S1000), and (2) Chk1 directly phosphorylates additional sites on Treslin including S1114, both contributing to dissociation of TopBP1 from Treslin and suppression of origin firing. |
Phospho-specific antibodies, CDK inhibitor and Chk1 inhibitor treatments, mutagenesis, replication origin firing assays in cancer cell lines |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
35231445
|
| 2018 |
DUE-B interacts with Treslin in HeLa cells in a cell-cycle-regulated manner (peaking as cells exit G1). The conserved C-terminal domain of DUE-B is required for its binding to TopBP1, Treslin, Cdc45, and MCM2-7, and for efficient chromatin loading of Treslin, Cdc45, and TopBP1. The DUE-B-Treslin interaction is required for Cdc45 loading onto chromatin. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mutagenesis, chromatin fractionation, cell cycle synchronization |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
30037903
|
| 2017 |
CKS proteins (Cks1, Cks2) enhance the ability of Cdk2 to phosphorylate Treslin in vitro, promoting replication checkpoint recovery. CKS binding-defective mutants retain the ability to stimulate Treslin phosphorylation. Silencing of Cks1/Cks2 decreases Treslin phosphorylation in vivo, and CKS overexpression prevents checkpoint-dependent dephosphorylation of Treslin. |
In vitro kinase assay, siRNA knockdown, CKS mutant overexpression, phospho-Treslin immunoblotting |
Molecular and cellular biology |
Medium |
28739856
|
| 2025 |
TRESLIN-MTBP is a key limiting firing factor for replication initiation in human cells. Its loading onto phosphorylated MCM2-7 double hexamer (MCM-DH) is controlled by opposing phosphorylation events on MCM-DH by DDK (promoting TRESLIN-MTBP loading) and RIF1-Protein Phosphatase 1 (opposing loading), which determines initiation zones and establishes replication timing. |
Genome-wide mapping of TRESLIN-MTBP and MCM, kinase/phosphatase inhibitor treatments, chromatin fractionation in human cells |
Nature communications |
Medium |
41331242
|
| 2025 |
During G1, MTBP depends on TRESLIN for proper chromatin association, but not during S phase, suggesting two distinct modes of TRESLIN-MTBP chromatin binding. Neither TRESLIN nor MTBP binding to chromatin during G1 requires licensed MCM origins. |
Cut&Run genomic binding mapping, cell cycle synchronization, Geminin-based MCM depletion, siRNA knockdown of TRESLIN/MTBP |
Genome biology |
Medium |
40624716
|
| 2022 |
Sequence analysis and structural homology modeling revealed that Treslin/TICRR contains a conserved Ku70-homologous β-barrel fold in its middle domain (M domain), and a von Willebrand factor type A domain in the CIT region. The M domain, Sld3-Treslin domain, and TopBP1/Dpb11 interaction domain together constitute the Sld3-homologous core. Domain mutants expressed in human cells indicate all three Sld3-core domains plus non-conserved terminal domains are required for proper origin firing. |
Protein sequence analysis, structural homology modeling, domain mutant expression in human cells with replication assays |
Life science alliance |
Low |
35091422
|
| 2025 |
WEE1 kinase inhibition during S phase increases CDK activity, which blocks PCNA-dependent proteasomal degradation of TRESLIN and enhances chromatin association of TRESLIN and MTBP, leading to elevated helicase recruitment and dormant origin firing. A conserved sequence within TRESLIN is required for this CDK-sensitive degradation. |
WEE1 inhibitor treatment, CDK inhibitor reversal, PCNA dependency assays, chromatin fractionation, DNA fiber analysis in human cells, domain mutagenesis |
bioRxivpreprint |
Medium |
bio_10.1101_2025.06.10.657920
|