Affinage

STX1A

Syntaxin-1A · UniProt Q16623

Audit flag: rerun needed
Length
288 aa
Mass
33.0 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

Parse failed

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
No controlled-vocabulary terms were assigned to this entry.

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome. Cell 1704 16169070
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2010 Alpha-synuclein promotes SNARE-complex assembly in vivo and in vitro. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1445 20798282
2015 The BioPlex Network: A Systematic Exploration of the Human Interactome. Cell 1118 26186194
1992 Syntaxin: a synaptic protein implicated in docking of synaptic vesicles at presynaptic active zones. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1115 1321498
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2000 Three-dimensional structure of the neuronal-Sec1-syntaxin 1a complex. Nature 624 10746715
1999 A conformational switch in syntaxin during exocytosis: role of munc18. The EMBO journal 553 10449403
1995 Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent activities of neural and non-neural synaptotagmins. Nature 552 7791877
1993 Botulinum neurotoxin C1 blocks neurotransmitter release by means of cleaving HPC-1/syntaxin. The EMBO journal 463 7901002
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2005 Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. Genome research 409 16344560
1995 Complexins: cytosolic proteins that regulate SNAP receptor function. Cell 399 7553862
1994 n-Sec1: a neural-specific syntaxin-binding protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 366 8108429
2002 Three-dimensional structure of the complexin/SNARE complex. Neuron 355 11832227
2007 Huntingtin interacting proteins are genetic modifiers of neurodegeneration. PLoS genetics 325 17500595
1999 The septin CDCrel-1 binds syntaxin and inhibits exocytosis. Nature neuroscience 316 10321247
1998 The AMPA receptor GluR2 C terminus can mediate a reversible, ATP-dependent interaction with NSF and alpha- and beta-SNAPs. Neuron 306 9697855
1996 Identification of a novel syntaxin- and synaptobrevin/VAMP-binding protein, SNAP-23, expressed in non-neuronal tissues. The Journal of biological chemistry 294 8663154
1997 Mints, Munc18-interacting proteins in synaptic vesicle exocytosis. The Journal of biological chemistry 275 9395480
1994 SNAP-25, a t-SNARE which binds to both syntaxin and synaptobrevin via domains that may form coiled coils. The Journal of biological chemistry 260 7961655
1992 HPC-1 is associated with synaptotagmin and omega-conotoxin receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry 254 1334074
1992 Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for a neuronal cell membrane antigen, HPC-1. The Journal of biological chemistry 250 1587842
1998 Tomosyn: a syntaxin-1-binding protein that forms a novel complex in the neurotransmitter release process. Neuron 239 9620695
1992 A multisubunit particle implicated in membrane fusion. The Journal of cell biology 239 1315316
1997 Direct interaction of the rat unc-13 homologue Munc13-1 with the N terminus of syntaxin. The Journal of biological chemistry 237 8999968
2000 A SNARE complex mediating fusion of late endosomes defines conserved properties of SNARE structure and function. The EMBO journal 229 11101518
1997 Synaptotagmin-syntaxin interaction: the C2 domain as a Ca2+-dependent electrostatic switch. Neuron 208 9010211
1999 Snapin: a SNARE-associated protein implicated in synaptic transmission. Nature neuroscience 207 10195194
1996 Botulinum neurotoxin C1 cleaves both syntaxin and SNAP-25 in intact and permeabilized chromaffin cells: correlation with its blockade of catecholamine release. Biochemistry 200 8611567
1999 Characterization of the baboon responses to Shiga-like toxin: descriptive study of a new primate model of toxic responses to Stx-1. The American journal of pathology 118 10233866
2006 Analysis of knock-out mice to determine the role of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A in expressing synaptic plasticity. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 107 16723534
1996 Expression and functional role of syntaxin 1/HPC-1 in pancreatic beta cells. Syntaxin 1A, but not 1B, plays a negative role in regulatory insulin release pathway. The Journal of biological chemistry 104 8557645
1994 Suppression of apoptosis in insect cells stably transfected with baculovirus p35: dominant interference by N-terminal sequences p35(1-76). Journal of virology 85 7966562
1995 Syntaxin 1 (HPC-1) is associated with chromaffin granules. The Journal of biological chemistry 80 7608144
1999 Detection of an atypical 7q11.23 deletion in Williams syndrome patients which does not include the STX1A and FZD3 genes. Journal of medical genetics 76 10874638
1999 Induction of cytokines in a human colon epithelial cell line by Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) and Stx2 but not by non-toxic mutant Stx1 which lacks N-glycosidase activity. FEBS letters 69 9929007
1993 Immunoelectron microscopic localization of the HPC-1 antigen in rat cerebellum. Journal of neurocytology 69 8301329
2003 Multiplex real-time PCR method to identify Shiga toxin genes stx1 and stx2 and Escherichia coli O157:H7/H- serotype. Applied and environmental microbiology 67 14532101
2008 Genetic and expression analyses reveal elevated expression of syntaxin 1A ( STX1A) in high functioning autism. The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology 65 18593506
2015 Rare autism-associated variants implicate syntaxin 1 (STX1 R26Q) phosphorylation and the dopamine transporter (hDAT R51W) in dopamine neurotransmission and behaviors. EBioMedicine 59 25774383
2002 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection and antibodies against Stx2 and Stx1 in household contacts of children with enteropathic hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Journal of clinical microbiology 58 11980959
2007 Prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli stx1, stx2, eaeA, and rfbE genes and survival of E. coli O157:H7 in manure from organic and low-input conventional dairy farms. Applied and environmental microbiology 55 17277204
2001 Neutralization of Shiga toxins Stx1, Stx2c, and Stx2e by recombinant bacteria expressing mimics of globotriose and globotetraose. Infection and immunity 52 11179385
2005 Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Shiga toxin gene (Stx1)-positive Escherichia coli O26:H11: a new concern. Journal of clinical microbiology 48 15750063
1992 Neuron-specific antigen HPC-1 from bovine brain reveals strong homology to epimorphin, an essential factor involved in epithelial morphogenesis: identification of a novel protein family. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 45 1530610
2010 Human isolates of Aeromonas possess Shiga toxin genes (stx1 and stx2) highly similar to the most virulent gene variants of Escherichia coli. Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 41 20219084
1993 Neuron specific expression of a membrane protein, HPC-1: tissue distribution, and cellular and subcellular localization of immunoreactivity and mRNA. Brain research. Molecular brain research 39 8361334
2014 HPC-1/syntaxin 1A and syntaxin 1B play distinct roles in neuronal survival. Journal of neurochemistry 35 24666284
2001 Activation of the caspase cascade during Stx1-induced apoptosis in Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Journal of cellular biochemistry 34 11180403
1998 Hemizygous deletion of the HPC-1/syntaxin 1A gene (STX1A) in patients with Williams syndrome. Cytogenetics and cell genetics 32 9763659
1996 Enhancement of neurite-sprouting by suppression of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A activity in cultured vertebrate nerve cells. Brain research 31 8973813
2018 MiR-34a-5p mediates sevoflurane preconditioning induced inhibition of hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through STX1A in cardiomyocytes. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 30 29554593
2014 New high-affinity monoclonal antibodies against Shiga toxin 1 facilitate the detection of hybrid Stx1/Stx2 in vivo. PloS one 30 24914553
2010 Intelligence in Williams Syndrome is related to STX1A, which encodes a component of the presynaptic SNARE complex. PloS one 30 20422020
2003 Genome analysis of a novel Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1)-converting phage which is closely related to Stx2-converting phages but not to other Stx1-converting phages. Journal of bacteriology 30 12813092
2006 The 13C4 monoclonal antibody that neutralizes Shiga toxin Type 1 (Stx1) recognizes three regions on the Stx1 B subunit and prevents Stx1 from binding to its eukaryotic receptor globotriaosylceramide. Infection and immunity 28 17030576
2010 Replication study of Japanese cohorts supports the role of STX1A in autism susceptibility. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry 27 21118708
2007 Search for genetic variants of the SYNTAXIN 1A (STX1A) gene: the -352 A>T variant in the STX1A promoter associates with impaired glucose metabolism in an Italian obese population. International journal of obesity (2005) 27 17912268
2012 Impairment of catecholamine systems during induction of long-term potentiation at hippocampal CA1 synapses in HPC-1/syntaxin 1A knock-out mice. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 26 22219298
2015 A Four-Plex Real-Time PCR Assay, Based on rfbE, stx1, stx2, and eae Genes, for the Detection and Quantification of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 in Cattle Feces. Foodborne pathogens and disease 25 26317538
2005 Detection of Shiga toxin genes stx1, stx2, and the +93 uidA mutation of E. coli O157:H7/H-using SYBR Green I in a real-time multiplex PCR. Molecular and cellular probes 25 16271448
1997 Characterization of HPC-1 antigen, an isoform of syntaxin-1, with the isoform-specific monoclonal antibody, 14D8. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 24 9061612
2011 Dual roles of Munc18-1 rely on distinct binding modes of the central cavity with Stx1A and SNARE complex. Molecular biology of the cell 23 21900493
2010 HPC-1/syntaxin 1A gene knockout mice show abnormal behavior possibly related to a disruption in 5-HTergic systems. The European journal of neuroscience 23 20576034
2009 Risk factors for the occurrence of Escherichia coli virulence genes eae, stx1 and stx2 in wild bird populations. Epidemiology and infection 21 19327201
1999 Expression analysis and protein localization of the human HPC-1/syntaxin 1A, a gene deleted in Williams syndrome. Genomics 21 10644452
2016 Unusual social behavior in HPC-1/syntaxin1A knockout mice is caused by disruption of the oxytocinergic neural system. Journal of neurochemistry 20 27059771
2014 STX1A and Asperger syndrome: a replication study. Molecular autism 19 24548729
2003 Identification of the carboxyl-terminal membrane-anchoring region of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A with the substituted-cysteine-accessibility method and monoclonal antibodies. Journal of biochemistry 19 12761168
2001 Suppression of transmitter release by Tat HPC-1/syntaxin 1A fusion protein. Biochimica et biophysica acta 18 11420120
1999 Recruitment of renal tubular epithelial cells expressing verotoxin-1 (Stx1) receptors in HIV-1 transgenic mice with renal disease. Kidney international 18 9987079
1995 Rat HPC-1/syntaxin 1A and syntaxin 1B interrupt intracellular membrane transport and inhibit secretion of the extracellular matrix in embryonic cells of an amphibian. Experimental cell research 17 7589235
2010 Detection of Escherichia coli O157 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 by the immunomagnetic separation technique and stx1 and stx2 genes by multiplex PCR in slaughtered cattle in Samsun Province, Turkey. Journal of veterinary science 16 21113101
2008 Production and characterization of rabbit polyclonal sera against Shiga toxins Stx1 and Stx2 for detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Microbiology and immunology 16 18822082
2020 Analysis of Genetic Variants in SCN1A, SCN2A, KCNK18, TRPA1 and STX1A as a Possible Marker of Migraine. Current genomics 15 33071616
2016 Stx1 prophage excision in Escherichia coli strain PA20 confers strong curli and biofilm formation by restoring native mlrA. FEMS microbiology letters 15 27190164
2017 A part of patients with autism spectrum disorder has haploidy of HPC-1/syntaxin1A gene that possibly causes behavioral disturbance as in experimentally gene ablated mice. Neuroscience letters 14 28235601
2008 No association between tagging SNPs of SNARE complex genes (STX1A, VAMP2 and SNAP25) and schizophrenia in a Japanese population. American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics 14 18512733
1997 Mapping of the human HPC-1/syntaxin 1A gene (STX1A) to chromosome 7 band q11.2. Genomics 14 9177791
2012 Association analysis of STX1A gene variants in common forms of migraine. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache 13 22250207
2007 Enhancement of synaptic transmission and nociceptive behaviour in HPC-1/syntaxin 1A knockout mice following peripheral nerve injury. The European journal of neuroscience 13 17953616
2022 Heterozygous and homozygous variants in STX1A cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with or without epilepsy. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 12 36564538
2008 Subtype analysis of stx1, stx2 and eae genes in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and typical and atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) from lambs in India. Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997) 12 18768338
2004 Activation of syntaxin 1C, an alternative splice variant of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A, by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) suppresses glucose transport into astroglioma cells via the glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1). The Journal of biological chemistry 12 15037634
1999 HPC-1/syntaxin 1A suppresses exocytosis of PC12 cells. Journal of biochemistry 12 10101280
2019 The selective disruption of presynaptic JNK2/STX1a interaction reduces NMDA receptor-dependent glutamate release. Scientific reports 11 31073146
2015 Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Shiga toxin gene (stx1)-positive Escherichia coli O91:H14 carrying blaCTX-M-15 on an IncI1-ST31 plasmid isolated from a human patient in Germany. International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM 11 25801683
2015 A simple method for expression and purification of Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) with biological activities by using a single-promoter vector and native signal peptide. Biotechnology and applied biochemistry 11 26031547
2002 Reduction of neurotransmitter release by the exogenous H3 domain peptide of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience letters 11 12183029
1997 Interaction of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A with the cytoskeletal protein, tubulin. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 11 9070277
1997 Enhancement of synaptic transmission by HPC-1 antibody in the cultured hippocampal neuron. Neuroreport 11 9427341
2020 Differentiation of stx1A gene for detection of Escherichia coli serotype O157: H7 and Shigella dysenteriae type 1 in food samples using high resolution melting curve analysis. Food science & nutrition 10 32724629
2009 Antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors stx1, stx2, and eae in generic Escherichia coli isolates from calves in western Canadian cow-calf herds. Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) 10 19216645
2002 Identification of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by multiplex PCR with primers specific to the hlyA, eaeA, stx1, stx2, fliC and rfb genes. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi 10 12645196
2019 STX1A gene variations contribute to the susceptibility of children attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a case-control association study. European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 9 30976917
2008 Transcription analysis of stx1, marA, and eaeA genes in Escherichia coli O157:H7 treated with sodium benzoate. Journal of food protection 9 18680949
2014 A novel transducible chimeric phage from Escherichia coli O157:H7 Sakai strain encoding Stx1 production. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 8 25445656
1998 Important roles of the C-terminal portion of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A in membrane anchoring and intracellular localization. Journal of biochemistry 8 9685720
1996 Localization of HPC-1/syntaxin 1 in developing rat cerebellar cortex. Cell structure and function 8 9078410
2011 Unusual retinal layer organization in HPC-1/syntaxin 1A knockout mice. Journal of molecular histology 7 21822613
1999 Reconstitution of active recombinant Shiga toxin (Stx)1 from recombinant Stx1-A and Stx1-B subunits independently produced by E. coli clones. FEMS microbiology letters 7 10483717
1993 Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron specific antigen, HPC-1 in the enteric nervous system of the guinea-pig distal colon. Neuroscience letters 7 8247329
2012 PCR-less DNA co-polymerization detection of Shiga like toxin 1 (stx1) in Escherichia coli O157:H7. Biosensors & bioelectronics 6 23261692
2005 Construction and use of an stx1 transcriptional fusion to gfp. FEMS microbiology letters 6 15796982
2002 Refinement of the genomic structure of STX1A and mutation analysis in nondeletion Williams syndrome patients. American journal of medical genetics 6 11977160
1997 Overexpressed syntaxin 1A/HPC-1 inhibits insulin secretion via a regulated pathway, but does not influence glucose metabolism and intracellular Ca2+ in insulinoma cell line beta TC3 cells. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 6 9070225
2025 STX1A regulates ferroptosis and chemoresistance in gastric cancer through mitochondrial function modulation. Human cell 5 40056239
2003 Expression of syntaxin 1C, an alternative splice variant of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A, is enhanced by phorbol-ester stimulation in astroglioma: participation of the PKC signaling pathway. FEBS letters 5 12586365
2001 Altered immunoreactivity of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A in proliferated nerve fibers in the human aganglionic colon of Hirschsprung's disease. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 5 11345516
1999 Inhibition of microtubule assembly by HPC-1/syntaxin 1A, an exocytosis relating protein. Cell structure and function 5 15216893
1997 Transient decrease of HPC-1/syntaxin-1A mRNA in the rat hippocampus by kainic acid. Neuroscience research 5 9237272
1997 HPC-1/syntaxin-1A activity in the enteric nervous system of developing rat gastrointestinal tract. Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi 5 9403817
2023 SNAP23 decreases insulin secretion by competitively inhibiting the interaction between SNAP25 and STX1A. Bioscience reports 4 37057886
2018 Multiplex PCR for the simultaneous detection of the Enterobacterial gene wecA, the Shiga Toxin genes (stx1 and stx2) and the Intimin gene (eae). BMC research notes 3 29880035
2024 Development and Validation of the MAST ISOPLEX®VTEC Kit for Simultaneous Detection of Shiga Toxin/Verotoxin 1 and 2 (stx1/vt1 and stx2/vt2) with Inhibition Control (IC) in a Rapid Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Multiplex Assay. International journal of molecular sciences 2 39337553
2023 Influence of temperature and pH on induction of Shiga toxin Stx1a in Escherichia coli. Frontiers in microbiology 2 37485504
2022 Validation of the 3M™ Molecular Detection Assay 2 - STEC Gene Screen (stx) for the Detection of Shiga Toxin Gene (stx1 and/or stx2) in Additional Matrixes: AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM 071903. Journal of AOAC International 2 35167674
2018 Structural Changes in Stx1 Engineering Monoclonal Antibody Improves Its Functionality as Diagnostic Tool for a Rapid Latex Agglutination Test. Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) 2 31544861
2015 Different roles of the C-terminal end of Stx1A and Stx2A for AB5 complex integrity and retrograde transport of Stx in HeLa cells. Pathogens and disease 2 26443836
2008 [Molecular detection of shiga toxin-producing (stx1) Escherichia coli and rotavirus in stools of children with diarrhea]. Investigacion clinica 2 18846778
2023 Thermal Adaptation Alters Response to Thermal Stress and Expression of Virulent Genes (eae, stx1, stx2, and hlyA) in Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Pork. Current microbiology 1 37632548
2022 Validation of the 3M™ Molecular Detection Assay 2 - STEC Gene Screen (stx and eae) for the Detection of Shiga Toxin Gene (stx1 and/or stx2) and Intimin Gene (eae): AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM 071902. Journal of AOAC International 1 35167682
2021 Frequency of k99, stx1, and stx2 Virulence Factors in Escherichia coli isolated from Diarrheic and Clinically Healthy Suckling Calves in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, Iran. Archives of Razi Institute 1 34223727
2018 Detection and Evaluation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Shiga-toxin Genes stx1, stx2 in Cattle Meat Samples. Clinical laboratory 1 30549994
2025 Occurrence of Multiple stx1 Genes and Rare Genomic Variation in stx1 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli. Microorganisms 0 40431252
2025 STX1A localizes to the lysosome and controls its exocytosis. Molecular biology of the cell 0 41123944