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SRSF5

Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 5 · UniProt Q13243

Length
272 aa
Mass
31.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
20 papers in source corpus 18 papers cited in narrative 17 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 5/5 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

SRSF5 (SFRS5/SRp40) is a serine/arginine-rich splicing factor that controls alternative splicing of numerous pre-mRNAs through sequence-specific RNA binding and modular activity: its tandem RNA recognition motifs are sufficient to activate splicing, while the C-terminal RS domain governs proteasomal turnover (PMID:23536862). It directs splice-isoform choice across diverse target transcripts, including CCAR1 (PMID:29942010), Mcl-1 (PMID:23284704), METTL14 and Cyclin L2 (PMID:33849617), Myom1 during cardiac development (PMID:34622152), PKM (PMID:38263157), ETS1 (PMID:36064747), DMTF1 (by modulating SF1 binding) (PMID:34291726), NCOR2 exon 11 (PMID:37190199), MLX (PMID:40586738), and Psmg4 (PMID:41907183), frequently doing so by engaging conserved binding sites via its RRM domains (PMID:36257906, PMID:41907183). SRSF5 activity and abundance are tightly tuned by post-translational modification: glucose-induced Tip60 acetylation at K125 stabilizes SRSF5 by antagonizing Smurf1-mediated ubiquitylation, whereas starvation-driven HDAC1 deacetylation licenses its degradation (PMID:29942010); phosphorylation by CLK1 at Ser250 and by SRPK1 redirects specific splicing outcomes (PMID:33849617, PMID:37190199); and ubiquitin ligases such as TRIM72 target it for proteasomal degradation (PMID:38263157). Beyond intronic splicing, SRSF5 localizes to nuclear speckles and the shell of paraspeckles, where it binds purine-rich sequences at the 5' end of NEAT1_2 to promote paraspeckle cluster assembly during stress, with prolonged loss feeding back through premature polyadenylation of TARDBP to lower TDP-43 (PMID:40716777). Through these activities SRSF5 acts broadly as a pro-growth/pro-survival factor in cancer and is required for development: Srsf5 knockout mice are perinatally lethal with ventricular noncompaction (PMID:34622152), and SRSF5 is also exploited by influenza A virus to splice M mRNA and generate M2 (PMID:36257906).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 17 steps
  1. 1997 Medium

    Established the molecular identity of the gene, defining SFRS5/SRp40 as an SR splicing factor encoded by transcripts whose own production is alternatively spliced.

    Evidence cDNA cloning, northern blotting, FISH and immunofluorescence mapping the gene to chromosome 14q24

    PMID:9244433 PMID:9434190

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional splicing targets not yet identified
    • Role of the long intron-5-retaining transcript unresolved
  2. 2012 Medium

    First linked SRSF5 to control of an apoptotic effector by showing it shifts Mcl-1 isoform balance, implicating it in cell survival decisions.

    Evidence RNAi knockdown in MCF-7 cells with RT-PCR analysis of Mcl-1 splice isoforms

    PMID:23284704

    Open questions at the time
    • No direct binding to Mcl-1 pre-mRNA demonstrated
    • Single method, single cell line
  3. 2013 Medium

    Resolved how SRSF5 domains partition function, showing RRMs drive splicing activation while the RS domain is the determinant of proteasomal turnover during erythroid differentiation.

    Evidence Proteasome inhibition, domain deletion/mutagenesis and splicing reporters in an erythroid differentiation system

    PMID:23536862

    Open questions at the time
    • Ubiquitin ligase mediating RS-domain-dependent degradation not identified
    • CLK and AKT-Ser86 pathways excluded but responsible kinase/E3 unknown
  4. 2017 Medium

    Identified SRSF5 as a stress- and cold-inducible protein whose induction depends on TRPV4, connecting splicing regulation to cellular stress responses and drug sensitivity.

    Evidence Temperature-shift and stress-condition assays, TRPV4 inhibition/knockdown, doxorubicin sensitivity assays

    PMID:28536481

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of TRPV4-dependent, channel-independent induction unknown
    • Direct splicing targets of stress-induced SRSF5 not defined
  5. 2018 High

    Defined the acetylation/ubiquitylation switch on K125 that couples nutrient status to SRSF5 stability and tumor-promoting CCAR1 splicing, providing the core post-translational control logic.

    Evidence In vitro acetylation/ubiquitylation assays, K125 mutagenesis, Co-IP, RNAi, and xenograft models

    PMID:29942010

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the same switch governs other targets untested
    • Upstream signal linking glucose to Tip60/HDAC1 incompletely defined
  6. 2018 Medium

    Showed SRSF5 overexpression is oncogenic and arises in part from impaired autoregulation promoted by SRSF3, framing SRSF5 dysregulation as a driver of transformation.

    Evidence Knockdown/overexpression, focus and tumor formation assays in nude mice, western blotting

    PMID:29857020

    Open questions at the time
    • No direct SRSF3-SRSF5 binding shown
    • Specific splicing targets mediating transformation not identified
  7. 2021 High

    Established phosphorylation-directed target selection by CLK1 at Ser250, linking SRSF5 splicing activity to m6A machinery (METTL14) and cell-cycle regulators in pancreatic cancer.

    Evidence Phospho-mass spectrometry, transcriptome sequencing, RIP, RNA pulldown, CLIP-qPCR, in vivo assays

    PMID:33849617

    Open questions at the time
    • How Ser250 phosphorylation alters RNA-binding specificity at structural level unknown
    • Scope of CLK1-controlled targets beyond two events undefined
  8. 2021 High

    Demonstrated an essential developmental role in vivo, with SRSF5-dependent Myom1 isoform switching required for cardiac maturation.

    Evidence CRISPR-Cas9 knockout mice with echocardiography, ECG and splicing analysis

    PMID:34622152

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether cardiac phenotype is solely attributable to Myom1 mis-splicing unresolved
    • Tissue-wide splicing program in knockout hearts not fully mapped
  9. 2021 Medium

    Provided a mechanistic model for target-specific splicing by showing SRSF5 modulates SF1 occupancy on DMTF1 pre-mRNA.

    Evidence RIP, CLIP-seq, splicing reporters and mutagenesis of ESE/ESS elements

    PMID:34291726

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct competition versus cooperative mechanism with SF1 not fully distinguished
    • Single lab
  10. 2022 Medium

    Placed SRSF5 in a regulatory cascade for the blood-tumor barrier, with CPEB2 stabilizing its mRNA to drive ETS1 splicing and tight-junction gene expression.

    Evidence RIP, knockdown in BTB/BBB models and glioblastoma xenografts, reporter assays

    PMID:36064747

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct SRSF5 binding to ETS1 pre-mRNA not shown
    • Generality beyond glioma endothelium unknown
  11. 2022 High

    Showed SRSF5 is hijacked by influenza A virus, binding M mRNA via RRM2 at conserved sites and cooperating with U1 snRNP to generate M2 and enable replication.

    Evidence RNA-protein binding, RRM2 mutagenesis, Co-IP with U1 snRNP, viral-site mutagenesis, conditional knockout mice and IAV challenge

    PMID:36257906

    Open questions at the time
    • Host targets co-regulated during infection not catalogued
    • Therapeutic targetability untested
  12. 2023 Medium

    Identified SRPK1 phosphorylation as a tunable lever over NCOR2 exon 11 splicing relevant to endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer.

    Evidence Knockdown/overexpression, SRPK1-SRSF5 Co-IP, SRPKIN-1 phosphorylation assays, tissue microarray, in vitro and in vivo studies

    PMID:37190199

    Open questions at the time
    • Phospho-site on SRSF5 targeted by SRPK1 not mapped
    • Relationship to CLK1-Ser250 control unclear
  13. 2023 Low

    Reinforced a pro-survival role by showing SRSF5 loss triggers caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in leukemia cells.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown in NB4 cells with caspase-3 and viability assays

    PMID:37356608

    Open questions at the time
    • No splicing target dissected to explain apoptosis
    • Single method, single line, no mechanistic link
  14. 2024 Medium

    Extended post-translational regulation by identifying LINC01852/TRIM72-mediated ubiquitination of SRSF5 that controls PKM splicing and the glycolysis-to-OXPHOS metabolic switch in colorectal cancer.

    Evidence RNA pulldown, RIP, ubiquitination assays, in vitro and in vivo functional experiments

    PMID:38263157

    Open questions at the time
    • Ubiquitylated residue on SRSF5 not defined
    • Relationship to Smurf1/K125 axis unresolved
  15. 2025 High

    Revealed a non-splicing structural role for SRSF5 at paraspeckles, binding NEAT1_2 to drive stress-induced cluster assembly with a feedback loop affecting TARDBP/TDP-43.

    Evidence Super-resolution microscopy, acute depletion, proximity proteomics, iCLIP and rocaglamide A treatment

    PMID:40716777

    Open questions at the time
    • How speckle versus paraspeckle partitioning is controlled unknown
    • Physiological consequences of TDP-43 reduction not delineated
  16. 2025 Medium

    Connected SRSF5 to trophoblast survival via MLX splicing, where loss destabilizes MLX and de-represses NR2F2 to limit apoptosis.

    Evidence RT-PCR splicing, RIP, Co-IP, in vivo ubiquitination, siRNA and functional apoptosis/migration assays

    PMID:40586738

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct SRSF5 binding site on MLX pre-mRNA not mapped
    • Single lab, single cell model
  17. 2026 Medium

    Showed a tRNA-derived small RNA (CHAtRF) competes with SRSF5 for Psmg4 pre-mRNA binding to drive exon skipping and cardiac hypertrophy, identifying an RNA-based regulator of SRSF5 occupancy.

    Evidence RNA-protein and SRSF5-Psmg4 binding assays, splicing analysis, hiPSC-CMs and in vivo hypertrophy models

    PMID:41907183

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of CHAtRF-SRSF5 competition unknown
    • Generality of small-RNA decoy regulation untested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How SRSF5's many phosphorylation, acetylation and ubiquitylation events are integrated to select among its diverse pre-mRNA and lncRNA targets in a context-specific manner remains unresolved.
  • No unified code linking specific modifications to specific target outcomes
  • Structural basis of RRM target discrimination unmapped
  • Interplay between splicing and paraspeckle/scaffolding roles undefined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003723 RNA binding 4 GO:0140098 catalytic activity, acting on RNA 4
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 2 GO:0005654 nucleoplasm 1
Pathway
R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 6 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 1
Complex memberships
nuclear specklesparaspeckle (shell)

Evidence

Reading pass · 17 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2018 Upon glucose intake, SRSF5 protein is stabilized through Tip60-mediated acetylation on K125, which antagonizes Smurf1-mediated ubiquitylation on the same lysine. Upon glucose starvation, SRSF5 is deacetylated by HDAC1 and ubiquitylated by Smurf1 on K125, leading to proteasomal degradation. Stabilized SRSF5 promotes alternative splicing of CCAR1 to produce the CCAR1S isoform, which enhances glucose consumption and acetyl-CoA production to promote tumor growth. In vitro acetylation/ubiquitylation assays, site-directed mutagenesis (K125), Co-IP, RNAi knockdown, overexpression in cell lines and xenograft models Nature communications High 29942010
2021 CLK1 phosphorylates SRSF5 at Ser250, and this phosphorylation inhibits METTL14 exon10 skipping while promoting Cyclin L2 exon6.3 skipping in pancreatic cancer cells, thereby promoting tumor growth and metastasis and regulating m6A methylation. Phosphorylation mass spectrometry identifying SRSF5-Ser250 as phosphorylation site, transcriptome sequencing, RIP assays, RNA pulldown, CLIP-qPCR, in vitro and in vivo functional assays Journal of hematology & oncology High 33849617
2012 SRSF5 affects alternative splicing of Mcl-1 pre-mRNA in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, influencing the balance between pro-apoptotic Mcl-1(S) and anti-apoptotic Mcl-1(L) isoforms. RNAi knockdown of SRSF5 in MCF-7 cells with RT-PCR analysis of Mcl-1 splice isoform ratios PloS one Medium 23284704
2018 SRSF3 promotes SRSF5 overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by impairing the autoregulation mechanism of SRSF5. SRSF5 overexpression transforms immortal rodent fibroblasts to form tumors, and its downregulation retards cell growth, cell cycle progression, and tumor growth. RNAi knockdown, overexpression, focus formation/tumor formation assays in nude mice, western blotting Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research Medium 29857020
2024 LINC01852 lncRNA promotes TRIM72-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of SRSF5, thereby inhibiting SRSF5-mediated alternative splicing of PKM and decreasing PKM2 production, which induces a metabolic switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation and reduces chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation, in vitro and in vivo functional experiments, ubiquitination assays, cell culture and mouse models Molecular cancer Medium 38263157
2022 CPEB2 binds to and increases SRSF5 mRNA stability in glioma microvascular endothelial cells; increased SRSF5 protein then promotes ETS1 exon inclusion (producing P51-ETS1), which transcriptionally promotes expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 to regulate blood-tumor barrier permeability. RNA immunoprecipitation, knockdown experiments in in vitro BTB/BBB models and in vivo glioblastoma xenograft mice, western blotting, reporter assays Communications biology Medium 36064747
2013 During erythroid cell differentiation, SRSF5 protein is targeted for proteasome-mediated degradation via its C-terminal RS domain, while SRSF5 mRNA is simultaneously upregulated. The RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) of SRSF5 are sufficient to activate pre-mRNA splicing, but the RS domain is required for proteasomal targeting. Inhibition of CLK kinase family and mutation of AKT phosphorylation site Ser86 had no effect on SRSF5 stability, indicating these pathways are not involved in this proteolytic turnover. Proteasome chemical inhibition, stable transfection of SRSF5 cDNA constructs, domain deletion/mutation analysis, splicing reporter assays in erythroid cell differentiation system PloS one Medium 23536862
2021 Srsf5 knockout mice (generated by CRISPR-Cas9) are perinatally lethal and exhibit noncompaction of ventricular myocardium with cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, Srsf5 promotes alternative splicing of Myom1 (myomesin-1) to switch between embryonic and adult isoforms; this switch cannot be completed in Srsf5-deficient hearts. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout mouse generation, echocardiography, electrocardiography, RNA splicing analysis iScience High 34622152
2017 SRSF5 transcript and protein levels are induced by mild hypothermia (32°C), DNA damage, hypoxia, cycloheximide, and hypotonicity in mammalian cells, identifying it as a cold-inducible protein. SRSF5 facilitates production of p19 H-RAS (an alternative splicing isoform) and increases sensitivity to doxorubicin. Induction of SRSF5 (as well as CIRP and RBM3) depends on TRPV4 channel protein but appears independent of its ion channel activity. Temperature shift experiments, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, TRPV4 inhibition/knockdown, doxorubicin sensitivity assays Scientific reports Medium 28536481
2022 SRSF5, via its RRM2 domain, directly binds influenza A virus M mRNA at conserved sites (positions 163, 709, and 712), interacts with U1 snRNP, and promotes M mRNA splicing to produce M2 protein, thereby facilitating viral replication. Mutations at the three binding sites attenuate virus replication and pathogenesis in vivo. SRSF5 conditional knockout in lung protects mice from lethal IAV challenge. RNA-protein binding assays, domain mutagenesis (RRM2), Co-IP with U1 snRNP, site-directed mutagenesis of binding sites in viral genome, conditional knockout mice, in vivo IAV challenge Advanced science High 36257906
2021 SRSF5 regulates alternative splicing of DMTF1 pre-mRNA by modulating SF1 binding to the DMTF1 pre-mRNA; SRSF5 binding competes with or modulates SF1 association to influence exon inclusion/skipping. RIP assays, CLIP-seq, splicing reporter assays, mutagenesis of splicing regulatory elements (ESE/ESS), co-immunoprecipitation RNA biology Medium 34291726
2023 SRSF5 promotes alternative splicing of NCOR2 pre-mRNA to suppress production of the BQ323636.1 splice variant (exon 11 exclusion isoform). SRPK1 phosphorylates SRSF5, and inhibition of SRPK1 by SRPKIN-1 reduces SRSF5 phosphorylation, enhancing SRSF5 interaction with exon 11 of NCOR2 and reducing BQ mRNA production, thereby reversing tamoxifen resistance in ER-positive breast cancer. SRSF5 knockdown and overexpression, Co-IP (SRPK1-SRSF5 interaction), in vitro and in vivo studies, tissue microarray, phosphorylation assays with SRPKIN-1 inhibitor Cancers Medium 37190199
2023 SRSF5 knockdown induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-3 in APL (NB4) cells, establishing SRSF5 as a pro-survival factor in leukemia. siRNA knockdown of SRSF5 in NB4 cells, caspase-3 activation assay, cell viability assays Archives of biochemistry and biophysics Low 37356608
1997 The human SFRS5/SRp40 gene produces two major transcripts (~1.8-kb short form and ~3.3-kb long form) by alternative splicing (intron 5 retention in the long form); the short form encodes the SR splicing factor and at most the long form encodes a truncated protein with one RNA-binding domain. The gene was localized to chromosome 14q24. cDNA cloning, northern blotting, FISH, somatic cell hybrid PCR, immunofluorescence Genomics / Gene Medium 9244433 9434190
2025 SRSF5 localizes to both nuclear speckles and the shell of a subset of paraspeckles. SRSF5 binds purine-rich sequences at the 5' end of NEAT1_2, promoting its alignment to paraspeckle shells and enabling large paraspeckle cluster formation during stress. SRSF5 depletion impairs paraspeckle formation; prolonged depletion triggers a feedback loop involving intron retention and premature polyadenylation of TARDBP mRNA, reducing TDP-43 levels and causing NEAT1_2 isoform switching that restores paraspeckle clusters. Super-resolution microscopy, rapid (acute) depletion system, proximity proteomics, iCLIP, rocaglamide A treatment, immunofluorescence Nucleic acids research High 40716777
2025 SRSF5 silencing in trophoblast cells (HTR8/SVneo) induces alternative splicing of MLX pre-mRNA, leading to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of MLX protein. Loss of MLX enhances NR2F2 transcriptional activity, which inhibits trophoblast cell apoptosis. RT-PCR for alternative splicing, RIP assays, Co-IP, in vivo ubiquitination assays, siRNA knockdown, CCK8/wound healing/transwell/TUNEL assays FASEB journal Medium 40586738
2026 The tRNA-derived small RNA CHAtRF directly interacts with SRSF5 and blocks SRSF5 from binding Psmg4 pre-mRNA, thereby promoting exon 2 skipping of Psmg4 and reducing full-length Psmg4 isoform expression, which drives pathological cardiac hypertrophy. RNA-protein binding assays (CHAtRF-SRSF5 interaction), SRSF5-Psmg4 pre-mRNA binding assays, splicing analysis, in vivo cardiac hypertrophy models, hiPSC-CMs Research (Washington, D.C.) Medium 41907183

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 20 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2021 CLK1/SRSF5 pathway induces aberrant exon skipping of METTL14 and Cyclin L2 and promotes growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Journal of hematology & oncology 102 33849617
2012 Regulation of Mcl-1 by SRSF1 and SRSF5 in cancer cells. PloS one 78 23284704
2018 Mutually exclusive acetylation and ubiquitylation of the splicing factor SRSF5 control tumor growth. Nature communications 77 29942010
2018 SRSF5 functions as a novel oncogenic splicing factor and is upregulated by oncogene SRSF3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research 57 29857020
2024 LINC01852 inhibits the tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer by suppressing SRSF5-mediated alternative splicing of PKM. Molecular cancer 51 38263157
2016 SRSF5: a novel marker for small-cell lung cancer and pleural metastatic cancer. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 46 27565915
2022 CPEB2 m6A methylation regulates blood-tumor barrier permeability by regulating splicing factor SRSF5 stability. Communications biology 30 36064747
2017 TRPV4-dependent induction of a novel mammalian cold-inducible protein SRSF5 as well as CIRP and RBM3. Scientific reports 23 28536481
2022 SRSF5-Mediated Alternative Splicing of M Gene is Essential for Influenza A Virus Replication: A Host-Directed Target Against Influenza Virus. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 21 36257906
2013 Proteasome-mediated proteolysis of SRSF5 splicing factor intriguingly co-occurs with SRSF5 mRNA upregulation during late erythroid differentiation. PloS one 17 23536862
2021 Splicing factor Srsf5 deletion disrupts alternative splicing and causes noncompaction of ventricular myocardium. iScience 13 34622152
1997 Expression analysis and chromosomal assignment of the human SFRS5/SRp40 gene. Genomics 10 9244433
2021 SRSF5 regulates alternative splicing of DMTF1 pre-mRNA through modulating SF1 binding. RNA biology 8 34291726
1997 Alternative splicing and structure of the human and mouse SFRS5/HRS/SRp40 genes. Gene 7 9434190
2025 Rapid depletion and super-resolution microscopy reveal dual roles of SRSF5 in coordinating nuclear speckle-paraspeckle crosstalk during cellular stress. Nucleic acids research 5 40716777
2023 L-Arginine Enhances Oral Keratinocyte Proliferation under High-Glucose Conditions via Upregulation of CYP1A1, SKP2, and SRSF5. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 3 37894498
2023 Inhibition of splicing factors SF3A3 and SRSF5 contributes to As3+/Se4+ combination-mediated proliferation suppression and apoptosis induction in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 2 37356608
2025 SRSF5 Regulates Trophoblast Apoptosis by Inhibiting NR2F2 Transcriptional Activity Through MLX Ubiquitin Degradation Mediated by Alternative Splicing in Preeclampsia. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 1 40586738
2023 SRSF5 Regulates the Expression of BQ323636.1 to Modulate Tamoxifen Resistance in ER-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers 1 37190199
2026 CHAtRF Modulates Cardiac Hypertrophy via SRSF5-Dependent Regulation of Psmg4 Alternative Splicing. Research (Washington, D.C.) 0 41907183

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