Affinage

RPS20

Small ribosomal subunit protein uS10 · UniProt P60866

Length
119 aa
Mass
13.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 25 papers cited in narrative 25 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/8 claims corpus-supported (88%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RPS20 (uS10) is an essential structural protein of the small ribosomal subunit (30S/40S) that organizes 16S/18S rRNA architecture and is required for translation initiation (PMID:20149799, PMID:9848646). Within the small subunit it makes direct, cysteine-tethered hydroxyl-radical-mapped contacts with both the 5' domain (positions ~160-200, 320, 340-350) and the 3' minor domain/penultimate stem of 16S rRNA (positions 1427-1458), physically juxtaposing these distant rRNA regions (PMID:9848646), with high-affinity binding requiring unpaired loop and bulge residues in the helix 11/260 stem and the hairpin spanning positions 316-337 (PMID:1717450) and depending on critical C-terminal and N-terminal residues of the protein (PMID:2449659, PMID:6337839). During subunit assembly S20 stabilizes a local subset of 5' domain rRNA folding intermediates and cooperates with S17 and S4 to bias the rRNA toward conformations competent for downstream protein recruitment, contacting the 5' and 3' minor domains at distinct assembly stages (PMID:18155048, PMID:19616559, PMID:20600110). Loss of S20 produces two defined initiation defects — reduced mRNA binding and impaired 30S-50S subunit association yielding loose 70S particles — while leaving peptide elongation intact, and also elevates nonsense-codon misreading and alters 16S rRNA modification patterns (PMID:20149799, PMID:2207174, PMID:2666133, PMID:7683367). In bacteria S20 translationally autoregulates its own synthesis, feedback-inhibiting translation of its mRNA through the UUG start codon and leader, an inhibition relieved by 16S rRNA (PMID:6187728, PMID:6446652, PMID:3286608). In mammals RPS20 is a confirmed 40S subunit component that must assemble in the cytoplasm to yield translation-competent subunits (PMID:284357, PMID:24076373), and its deficiency lowers ribosome levels and reshapes the polysome-associated translatome along mRNA length and GC-content axes (PMID:38290548). Beyond the ribosome, RPS20 binds and inhibits the MDM2 E3 ligase to stabilize p53 and trigger cell cycle arrest (PMID:23874713), interacts with the nucleolar GTPase GNL1 to support cell proliferation (PMID:30061673), and is regulated by H2S-dependent sulfhydration that enhances its binding to MCM2 mRNA to drive epithelial proliferation (PMID:40399407). Truncating and frameshift germline mutations that prevent uS10 incorporation into 40S subunits impair pre-rRNA maturation and predispose to colorectal cancer (PMID:24941021, PMID:35682850).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 22 steps
  1. 1979 Medium

    Established that RPS20 is a genuine structural protein of the mammalian 40S subunit by linking an altered S20 to a ribosome-level drug-resistance phenotype.

    Evidence Somatic cell genetics and 2D gel electrophoresis of ribosomal proteins in emetine-resistant CHO cells

    PMID:284357

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional contribution of S20 to translation not defined
    • No molecular mechanism for resistance
  2. 1983 Medium

    Defined the biophysical organization of S20 and showed its folding depends on rRNA binding, answering how the protein engages its RNA target.

    Evidence Limited proteolysis, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy on free and 16S-rRNA-bound S20

    PMID:6337839

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific rRNA contact sites not mapped
    • No atomic structure
  3. 1983 Medium

    Revealed that S20 autoregulates its own synthesis post-transcriptionally, explaining how ribosomal protein levels are balanced.

    Evidence Gene dosage experiments, pulse-labeling, and RNA blotting in E. coli

    PMID:6187728

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct mRNA binding by S20 inferred not demonstrated
    • Regulatory mRNA element not localized
  4. 1980 Medium

    Demonstrated that 16S rRNA specifically relieves repression of S20 translation, establishing the feedback logic of autoregulation.

    Evidence In vitro coupled transcription-translation with added purified rRNA species

    PMID:6446652

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of mRNA/rRNA discrimination not resolved
  5. 1988 Medium

    Mapped the protein and mRNA determinants of S20 function and regulation, defining critical C-terminal residues for rRNA binding and the UUG codon/leader for autoregulation.

    Evidence C-terminal deletion binding assays and oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis with translation/half-life readouts

    PMID:2449659 PMID:3286608

    Open questions at the time
    • Structure of the regulatory leader not solved
    • No reconstitution of S20-mRNA repression
  6. 1990 Medium

    Resolved that S20 loss causes two distinct initiation defects — impaired subunit association and impaired initiation complex isomerization — localizing S20 function to specific initiation steps.

    Evidence Biochemical analysis of temperature-sensitive S20-lacking E. coli mutant ribosomes

    PMID:2207174

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the isomerization defect unknown
  7. 1989 Medium

    Quantified the subunit-association defect of S20-deficient 30S particles, showing Mg2+-dependent loose 70S formation.

    Evidence Sucrose gradient centrifugation and AcPhe-tRNA protection assays

    PMID:2666133

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not separate direct structural from assembly-derived effects
  8. 1991 High

    Localized the high-affinity S20 binding determinants to specific bulges and loops within residues 1-402 of 16S rRNA, defining the recognition surface.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis of cloned 16S rRNA with quantitative binding assays

    PMID:1717450

    Open questions at the time
    • 3D geometry of the contacts not yet established at this stage
  9. 1993 Medium

    Connected S20 loss to translational fidelity and rRNA modification, broadening its role beyond a structural anchor.

    Evidence Spontaneous mutant characterization, nonsense suppression assays, and rRNA modification analysis in E. coli

    PMID:7683367

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking S20 to m5C/m6(2)A modification unknown
  10. 1995 Medium

    Identified a non-ribosomal moonlighting function: S20 inhibits ornithine/arginine decarboxylases to regulate polyamine biosynthesis.

    Evidence In vivo overexpression, enzyme activity assays, and immunoprecipitation in E. coli

    PMID:7539334

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct binding interface not mapped
    • Physiological relevance in eukaryotes untested
  11. 1998 High

    Provided 3D structural mapping showing S20 bridges the 5' and 3' minor domains of 16S rRNA, explaining its role in organizing subunit architecture.

    Evidence Directed hydroxyl radical probing from Fe(II)-derivatized S20 in reconstituted 30S subunits

    PMID:9848646

    Open questions at the time
    • Temporal ordering of domain contacts not resolved here
  12. 2007 High

    Showed that S20 organizes the 5' and 3' minor domains at different assembly stages, establishing it as an early assembly nucleator with staged contacts.

    Evidence Fe(II)-tethered hydroxyl radical probing comparing minimal RNP vs. complete 30S

    PMID:18155048

    Open questions at the time
    • Kinetics of domain docking not directly measured
  13. 2009 Medium

    Quantified S20's contribution to rRNA folding energetics, showing it cooperates with S4 and S17 to channel rRNA toward assembly-competent states.

    Evidence Quantitative hydroxyl radical footprinting across MgCl2 concentrations

    PMID:19616559

    Open questions at the time
    • Effect localized to 5' domain only
  14. 2010 High

    Time-resolved probing defined the order of S20-rRNA contacts and its cooperation with S17 during early assembly, and in vitro reconstitution confirmed the initiation defects in a defined system.

    Evidence Time-dependent DMS probing and lambda-red deletion with reconstituted purified-component translation assays

    PMID:20149799 PMID:20600110

    Open questions at the time
    • Eukaryote-specific assembly steps not addressed
  15. 2013 Medium

    Extended RPS20 function into p53 regulation and demonstrated its strict cytoplasmic assembly requirement for functional 40S subunits.

    Evidence Ectopic expression / E3 ligase assays in p53-null cells; immunofluorescence and polysome profiling with an NLS-fusion mutant

    PMID:23874713 PMID:24076373

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct RPS20-MDM2 binding not reconstituted in vitro
    • Trigger for cytoplasmic-only assembly unknown
  16. 2014 Medium

    Established RPS20 as a ribosome biogenesis factor whose germline loss-of-function predisposes to colorectal cancer.

    Evidence Genetic linkage, exome sequencing, and pre-rRNA maturation assays in patient cells

    PMID:24941021

    Open questions at the time
    • Single family
    • Causal link between rRNA defect and tumorigenesis not mechanistically resolved
  17. 2017 Medium

    Identified an antiviral role in which uS10 restricts classical swine fever virus via TLR3 modulation and is targeted for proteasomal degradation by viral Npro.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, reciprocal co-IP/GST pull-down, and overexpression/knockdown with viral titer and TLR3 rescue assays in porcine macrophages

    PMID:28721853

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking uS10 to TLR3 expression unclear
    • Conservation in human cells untested
  18. 2018 Medium

    Defined a proliferation-promoting partnership in which RPS20 binding to the nucleolar GTPase GNL1 is required for GNL1-driven cell cycle progression.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, GST pull-down, reciprocal co-IP, and RPS20 knockdown proliferation assays

    PMID:30061673

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the interaction is ribosome-dependent unknown
    • Binding interface not mapped
  19. 2020 Medium

    Linked de novo missense mutations to reduced RPS20 protein and demonstrated, in yeast, direct requirements for ribosome assembly and polysome formation.

    Evidence Exome sequencing, Western blot, yeast growth assays, and polysome profiling

    PMID:32790018

    Open questions at the time
    • Human phenotype mechanism not directly tested
    • Modeled via cognate yeast residue
  20. 2022 Medium

    Distinguished incorporation-competent from incorporation-defective RPS20 variants and tied loss-of-function alleles to upregulation of cancer-associated genes.

    Evidence Minigene transfection, sucrose-gradient 40S incorporation assays, and RNA-seq in HEK293T cells

    PMID:35682850

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct causal path from uS10 loss to PPM1D/PIGN induction unresolved
  21. 2024 Medium

    Showed that RPS20 deficiency causes ribosome shortage that reorganizes the translatome along mRNA length and GC-content, revealing differential mRNA competition.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown with RNA-seq of total and polysome fractions in HEK293T cells

    PMID:38290548

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequences of translatome shift not assessed
    • Single cell line
  22. 2025 Medium

    Identified H2S-dependent sulfhydration of RPS20 as a PTM that enhances MCM2 mRNA binding to drive intestinal epithelial proliferation.

    Evidence DSS colitis model, CBS knockdown, mass spectrometry of sulfhydrated RPS20, and colon organoid assays

    PMID:40399407

    Open questions at the time
    • Sulfhydrated residue and binding mechanism not fully defined
    • Relationship to ribosomal function unclear

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How RPS20's extra-ribosomal activities (MDM2/p53, GNL1, MCM2 mRNA, antiviral signaling) mechanistically relate to its ribosomal role and whether they share a common structural basis remains unresolved.
  • No structure of any extra-ribosomal complex
  • Whether free vs. ribosome-bound RPS20 mediates these functions unknown
  • No unified model linking moonlighting roles to ribosomal shortage signaling

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003723 RNA binding 4 GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 3 GO:0045182 translation regulator activity 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005840 ribosome 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1852241 Organelle biogenesis and maintenance 3 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 3
Partners
GNL1MCM2MDM2NPRO (CSFV)
Complex memberships
30S ribosomal subunit40S ribosomal subunit

Evidence

Reading pass · 25 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2013 RPS20 (S20) binds MDM2 and inhibits its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, leading to stabilization of both MDM2 and p53, and also downregulates MdmX levels through a distinct mechanism; ectopic expression induces cell cycle arrest and cell death. Ectopic expression in p53-null cells, co-expression assays measuring MDM2/p53 stabilization, E3 ligase activity assays PloS one Medium 23874713
2014 A truncating germline mutation in RPS20 (encoding the small ribosomal subunit protein S20) is associated with a defect in pre-ribosomal RNA maturation, establishing RPS20 as a ribosome biogenesis factor whose loss predisposes to colorectal cancer. Genetic linkage analysis, exome sequencing, functional investigation of pre-rRNA maturation defect in patient cells Gastroenterology Medium 24941021
2020 De novo missense mutations in RPS20 affecting the same amino acid reduce RPS20 protein levels; yeast models with mutation of the cognate residue show defects in growth, ribosome biogenesis, and polysome formation, demonstrating a direct role of RPS20 in ribosome assembly and translation. Exome sequencing, Western blot for protein levels, yeast growth assays, polysome profiling Human mutation Medium 32790018
2018 Human GNL1 (a nucleolar GTPase) physically interacts with RPS20, and this interaction is required for GNL1-induced cell proliferation; RPS20 knockdown impairs GNL1-driven cell cycle progression, and expression of a GNL1 mutant deficient in RPS20 binding abolishes cell growth promotion. Yeast two-hybrid screening, GST pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation, RPS20 knockdown, cell proliferation assays Scientific reports Medium 30061673
2017 Porcine RPS20 (uS10) physically interacts with classical swine fever virus Npro protein; uS10 overexpression inhibits CSFV replication while uS10 knockdown promotes it; Npro/CSFV reduces uS10 expression in a proteasome-dependent manner; the antiviral effect of uS10 is mediated through modulation of TLR3 expression. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down, overexpression/knockdown in porcine alveolar macrophages, viral titer assays, TLR3 rescue experiments The Journal of general virology Medium 28721853
2013 Human RPS20 is exclusively cytoplasmic; a nuclear-targeted S20NLS mutant incorporates into 40S subunits but these subunits are absent from polysomes (translation-incompetent); restoring cytoplasmic localization of S20NLS by energy depletion/restoration rescues polysome association, demonstrating that cytoplasmic assembly of S20 is required for functional 40S subunit formation. Immunofluorescence, Western blotting, polysome profiling, nuclear-targeting mutant (NLS fusion), energy depletion/restoration experiments Experimental cell research Medium 24076373
2010 Deletion of the rpsT gene (encoding S20) from Salmonella/E. coli causes two initiation defects in the 30S subunit: (i) significantly reduced rate of mRNA binding and (ii) dramatically decreased yield of 70S ribosome complexes due to impaired association with the 50S subunit; peptide elongation rate is unaffected. Lambda red recombineering gene deletion, in vitro reconstituted translation system with purified components, 70S complex yield assays Journal of molecular biology High 20149799
1990 30S subunits lacking S20 are defective in two distinct ways: reduced capacity to associate with 50S subunits, and impaired formation of 30S initiation complexes (defect in the isomerization step leading to codon-anticodon interaction in the P site), while individual interactions with template or aminoacyl-tRNA are near-normal. Biochemical analysis of temperature-sensitive S20-lacking E. coli mutant; sucrose gradient centrifugation, ternary complex formation assays, initiation complex assays Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 2207174
1989 30S subunits lacking S20 show quantitatively reduced subunit association (especially at low Mg2+ concentrations), producing loosely interacting 70S particles that dissociate during sucrose gradient centrifugation. Sucrose gradient centrifugation, nitrocellulose filtration method using AcPhe-tRNA protection assay European journal of biochemistry Medium 2666133
1993 Deletion of the rpsT gene (S20) in E. coli increases misreading of all three nonsense codons and impairs growth at 42°C; loss of S20 alters the modification pattern of 16S rRNA (specifically reducing m5C and m6(2)A modifications), leading to a deficiency in 30S-50S subunit association. Spontaneous mutant characterization, nonsense suppression assays, rRNA modification analysis, subunit association assays Molecular microbiology Medium 7683367
1998 S20 protein directly contacts 16S rRNA at positions 160-200, 320, 340-350 in the 5' domain, and positions 1427-1430 and 1439-1458 in the 3' minor domain (penultimate stem/helix 44), placing these rRNA regions near each other in three dimensions; this interaction pattern is similar in 30S subunits and 70S ribosomes. Directed hydroxyl radical probing from Fe(II)-derivatized S20 (cysteine substitutions at positions 14, 23, 49, 57), in vitro reconstitution of functional 30S subunits, primer extension RNA High 9848646
2007 S20 interacts with both the 5' domain and 3' minor domain of 16S rRNA; the 5' domain acquires its mature architecture relative to S20 at an earlier assembly stage than the 3' minor domain, indicating that these two domains are organized relative to S20 at different stages of 30S assembly. Directed hydroxyl radical probing from Fe(II)-derivatized S20 in minimal ribonucleoprotein complexes versus fully assembled 30S subunits Journal of molecular biology High 18155048
1991 Critical rRNA residues for S20 binding were mapped to bulges at positions 250-251 and 278-280 in the 'helix 11 / 260 stem' and to the A321•G332 bulge and unpaired loop residues in the hairpin spanning positions 316-337 of 16S rRNA; transcripts containing residues 1-402 are sufficient for high-affinity S20 binding. Site-directed mutagenesis of cloned 16S rRNA, in vitro transcription, gel filtration and sucrose gradient binding assays, association constant measurements The Journal of biological chemistry High 1717450
2009 S20 stabilizes the three-dimensional structure of the 16S 5' domain, but with a more local effect compared to S4 and S17; each of S4, S17, and S20 stabilizes a different ensemble of structural intermediates in multistage rRNA folding, and their combined interactions bias the rRNA free-energy landscape toward conformations competent for recruitment of secondary assembly protein S16. Quantitative hydroxyl radical footprinting with varying MgCl2 concentrations to measure rRNA tertiary structure stability Journal of molecular biology Medium 19616559
2010 During early assembly, S20 rapidly protects bases in the helix 11 stem region (A246, A274, A279, A282) and helix 44 (A1433, A1434), and later causes enhancements at helices 9 and 13; simultaneous addition of S17 significantly alters S20-dependent modifications in the helix 11 stem but not other sites, indicating S20 contacts at least two alternate rRNA sites during early assembly and cooperates with S17. Time-dependent dimethyl sulfate modification probing during protein-rRNA assembly Journal of molecular biology Medium 20600110
1988 Removal of as few as 6 residues from the C-terminus of S20 results in a sharp loss of binding activity to 16S rRNA, indicating that C-terminal residues (likely forming an alpha-helix) are critical for rRNA interaction; S20 does not show measurable affinity for its own mRNA. In vitro synthesis of C-terminal deletion mutants, gel filtration binding assay for 16S rRNA and S20 mRNA Nucleic acids research Medium 2449659
1983 Proteolysis of S20 reveals a structural domain from the middle to C-terminus; the entire protein is protected from enzymatic digestion when bound to 16S rRNA. Circular dichroism shows 36% alpha-helix content. The single tyrosine is solvent-exposed in free S20 but buried in the S20·16S-rRNA complex. Fragments lacking more than 14 N-terminal residues lose rRNA binding. Limited proteolysis, circular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy, thermal denaturation European journal of biochemistry Medium 6337839
1983 S20 regulates its own synthesis at a post-transcriptional step: over a 58-fold range of rpsT gene copy number, S20 mRNA increases proportionally but S20 protein increases no more than 2.1-fold, indicating translational autoregulation; S20 itself is proposed as the regulatory agent binding its own mRNA in regions structurally homologous to 16S rRNA. Gene dosage experiments with multiple plasmids, pulse-labeling, RNA blot hybridization, S20 protein quantification Journal of bacteriology Medium 6187728
1980 Addition of 16S rRNA (but not 5S or 23S rRNA) to an in vitro transcription-translation system specifically stimulates S20 synthesis; the stimulated S20 is incorporated into 16S rRNA complexes; this is shown to act at the translational level, consistent with a model where S20 feedback-inhibits its own translation and 16S rRNA binding relieves this inhibition. In vitro coupled transcription-translation with added purified rRNA species; separate transcription and translation assays Molecular & general genetics Medium 6446652
1988 Two mutations abolish autogenous repression of S20 synthesis: (i) changing the UUG initiation codon to AUG, and (ii) replacing part of the S20 leader with a non-homologous sequence including an AUG codon; both mutations also increase intrinsic translational efficiency in vitro and mRNA half-life in vivo, demonstrating that the UUG codon and leader sequence are critical for translational autoregulation. Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, in vitro translation efficiency assays, mRNA half-life measurements in vivo Journal of bacteriology Medium 3286608
1995 Ribosomal proteins S20 and L34 physically interact with ornithine and arginine decarboxylases (as shown by immunoprecipitation) and inhibit their enzymatic activities; in vivo overexpression of S20 and L34 lowers ornithine and arginine decarboxylase activities and decreases total polyamine production in E. coli, establishing S20 as a biologically relevant post-translational regulator of polyamine biosynthesis. In vivo overexpression, enzyme activity assays, immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology Medium 7539334
1979 Emetine resistance in Chinese hamster ovary cells is genetically linked to an electrophoretically altered 40S ribosomal subunit protein, S20*, demonstrating that RPS20 is a structural component of the mammalian 40S ribosomal subunit whose alteration confers drug resistance. Somatic cell genetics (cell hybridization), two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of ribosomal proteins, genetic segregation analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA Medium 284357
2024 Deficiency of human RPS20 (uS10) leads to decreased ribosome levels (ribosomal shortage) and reorganizes the translatome: upregulated polysome-associated mRNAs tend to be more abundant and have lower GC content and longer coding sequences than downregulated ones, suggesting differential mRNA competition under ribosomal shortage. siRNA knockdown in HEK293T cells, RNA-seq of total and polysome-associated mRNA fractions, translational efficiency calculation Open biology Medium 38290548
2022 Frameshift mutations in RPS20 (p.V50SfsX23 or p.L61EfsX11) produce aberrant uS10 proteins that cannot be incorporated into 40S ribosomal subunits, while the missense mutation p.V54L allows functional incorporation; cells producing frameshift-mutant uS10 show upregulation of CRC-associated genes (PPM1D, PIGN), indicating that loss-of-function uS10 mutations trigger downstream transcriptional changes that may promote cancer. Transfection of HEK293T cells with minigene constructs, sucrose gradient/polysome fractionation to assess 40S incorporation, RNA-seq International journal of molecular sciences Medium 35682850
2025 H2S-mediated sulfhydration of RPS20 (RPS20-ssh) enhances its binding to MCM2 mRNA, thereby promoting MCM2 protein expression and intestinal epithelial cell proliferation; CBS (cystathionine β-synthase) knockdown reduces RPS20 sulfhydration and MCM2 expression in mouse colon. Mouse DSS colitis model, CBS knockdown, mass spectrometry identification of sulfhydrated RPS20, colon organoid culture, Western blot, H&E staining Scientific reports Medium 40399407

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2014 Germline mutation of RPS20, encoding a ribosomal protein, causes predisposition to hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma without DNA mismatch repair deficiency. Gastroenterology 140 24941021
2013 Ribosomal proteins RPL37, RPS15 and RPS20 regulate the Mdm2-p53-MdmX network. PloS one 140 23874713
1975 An investigation of the 16-S RNA binding sites of ribosomal proteins S4, S8, S15, and S20 FROM Escherichia coli. European journal of biochemistry 105 1091486
1991 Specific endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA for ribosomal protein S20 of Escherichia coli requires the product of the ams gene in vivo and in vitro. Journal of bacteriology 100 2013571
1992 Secondary structure of the mRNA for ribosomal protein S20. Implications for cleavage by ribonuclease E. The Journal of biological chemistry 79 1370457
1988 Interaction of proteins S16, S17 and S20 with 16 S ribosomal RNA. Journal of molecular biology 79 3373529
1998 Reconstitution of the degradation of the mRNA for ribosomal protein S20 with purified enzymes. Journal of molecular biology 78 9642084
2002 The human cytomegalovirus US10 gene product delays trafficking of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. Journal of virology 76 12388737
2012 Characterization of a new alginate lyase from newly isolated Flavobacterium sp. S20. Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology 75 23111633
1996 Differential sensitivities of portions of the mRNA for ribosomal protein S20 to 3'-exonucleases dependent on oligoadenylation and RNA secondary structure. The Journal of biological chemistry 68 8663115
2010 The HCMV membrane glycoprotein US10 selectively targets HLA-G for degradation. The Journal of experimental medicine 67 20713594
2006 Medulloblastoma outcome is adversely associated with overexpression of EEF1D, RPL30, and RPS20 on the long arm of chromosome 8. BMC cancer 62 16968546
1991 Replacement mutagenesis of the human cytomegalovirus genome: US10 and US11 gene products are nonessential. Journal of virology 62 1656074
1977 Isolation of eukaryotic ribosomal proteins. Purification and characterization of the 40 S ribosomal subunit proteins Sa, Sc, S3a, S3b, S5', S9, S10, S11, S12, S14, S15, S15', S16, S17, S18, S19, S20, S21, S26, S27', and S29. The Journal of biological chemistry 60 925037
1993 The role of RNA structure in determining RNase E-dependent cleavage sites in the mRNA for ribosomal protein S20 in vitro. Journal of molecular biology 57 7505337
1981 Nucleotide sequence of the gene for ribosomal protein S20 and its flanking regions. The Journal of biological chemistry 55 6267039
2012 Bafibrinase: A non-toxic, non-hemorrhagic, direct-acting fibrinolytic serine protease from Bacillus sp. strain AS-S20-I exhibits in vivo anticoagulant activity and thrombolytic potency. Biochimie 52 22386870
1987 Three mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2: one lacking the genes US10, US11 and US12 and two in which Rs has been extended by 6 kb to 0.91 map units with loss of Us sequences between 0.94 and the Us/TRs junction. The Journal of general virology 50 3027237
1994 Characterization of Marek's disease virus insertion and deletion mutants that lack US1 (ICP22 homolog), US10, and/or US2 and neighboring short-component open reading frames. Journal of virology 48 7966617
1986 Structure of the DNA distal to the gene for ribosomal protein S20 in Escherichia coli K12: presence of a strong terminator and an IS1 element. Nucleic acids research 46 2429258
2018 Dual-functional Brij-S20-modified nanocrystal formulation enhances the intestinal transport and oral bioavailability of berberine. International journal of nanomedicine 43 29988733
2009 Global stabilization of rRNA structure by ribosomal proteins S4, S17, and S20. Journal of molecular biology 42 19616559
1989 Stabilization of the 3' one-third of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S20 mRNA in mutants lacking polynucleotide phosphorylase. Journal of bacteriology 41 2666387
2002 Human cytomegalovirus US7, US8, US9, and US10 are cytoplasmic glycoproteins, not found at cell surfaces, and US9 does not mediate cell-to-cell spread. Journal of virology 38 11992003
1980 The topography of the 5' end of 16-S RNA in the presence and absence of ribosomal proteins S4 and S20. European journal of biochemistry 38 6766862
1979 Emetine resistance in Chinese hamster cells is linked genetically with an altered 40S ribosomal subunit protein, S20. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 38 284357
1994 Influence of translational efficiency on the stability of the mRNA for ribosomal protein S20 in Escherichia coli. Journal of bacteriology 37 8106342
2020 Exopolysaccharide from Cryptococcus heimaeyensis S20 induces autophagic cell death in non-small cell lung cancer cells via ROS/p38 and ROS/ERK signalling. Cell proliferation 34 32597573
1993 Ribosome activity and modification of 16S RNA are influenced by deletion of ribosomal protein S20. Molecular microbiology 34 7683367
1976 Isolation of transducing phage carrying rps T, the structural gene for ribosomal protein S20. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 34 772410
2011 Expression of HA of HPAI H5N1 virus at US2 gene insertion site of turkey herpesvirus induced better protection than that at US10 gene insertion site. PloS one 31 21818336
1988 Mutations in the leader sequence and initiation codon of the gene for ribosomal protein S20 (rpsT) affect both translational efficiency and autoregulation. Journal of bacteriology 29 3286608
2012 TIS21(/BTG2/PC3) accelerates the repair of DNA double strand breaks by enhancing Mre11 methylation and blocking damage signal transfer to the Chk2(T68)-p53(S20) pathway. DNA repair 28 23089312
1981 Apparent association constants for E. coli ribosomal proteins S4, S7, S8, S15, S17 and S20 binding to 16S RNA. Nucleic acids research 28 7029472
2014 Isolation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S20 and its application in control of eggplant bacterial wilt. Journal of environmental management 27 24632400
2010 A statistical approach for the enhanced production of alkaline protease showing fibrinolytic activity from a newly isolated Gram-negative Bacillus sp. strain AS-S20-I. New biotechnology 27 21078421
2007 Assembly of the 5' and 3' minor domains of 16S ribosomal RNA as monitored by tethered probing from ribosomal protein S20. Journal of molecular biology 26 18155048
1997 The product of the US10 gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 is a capsid/tegument-associated phosphoprotein which copurifies with the nuclear matrix. The Journal of general virology 26 9367380
1996 Isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi genes encoding homologues of DNA-binding protein HU and ribosomal protein S20. Microbiology (Reading, England) 24 8828214
1987 Posttranscriptional regulation of ribosomal protein S20 and stability of the S20 mRNA species. Journal of bacteriology 24 2438268
2010 Ribosomes lacking protein S20 are defective in mRNA binding and subunit association. Journal of molecular biology 23 20149799
2017 uS10, a novel Npro-interacting protein, inhibits classical swine fever virus replication. The Journal of general virology 22 28721853
1994 Suppression of yeast RNA polymerase III mutations by the URP2 gene encoding a protein homologous to the mammalian ribosomal protein S20. Journal of molecular biology 22 8021936
1983 Expression of the gene for ribosomal protein S20: effects of gene dosage. Journal of bacteriology 22 6187728
1983 Tandem promoters in the gene for ribosomal protein S20. The Journal of biological chemistry 22 6305958
1995 Relationship of the expression of the S20 and L34 ribosomal proteins to polyamine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 21 7539334
1993 Isolation of a cDNA clone, encoding the ribosomal protein S20, downregulated during the onset of apoptosis in a human leukaemic cell line. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 21 8240336
1980 Regulation of synthesis of ribosomal protein S20 in vitro. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 21 6446652
2018 Interplay between human nucleolar GNL1 and RPS20 is critical to modulate cell proliferation. Scientific reports 20 30061673
1998 Directed hydroxyl radical probing of 16S ribosomal RNA in ribosomes containing Fe(II) tethered to ribosomal protein S20. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 20 9848646
1994 Construction of recombinant Marek's disease virus type 1 (MDV1) expressing the Escherichia coli lacZ gene as a possible live vaccine vector: the US10 gene of MDV1 as a stable insertion site. Vaccine 20 7975837
1983 The enzymes of acetyl-CoA metabolism in differentiating cholinergic (s-20) and noncholinergic (NIE-115) neuroblastoma cells. Journal of neurochemistry 18 6304253
2020 Microbial degradation, spectral analysis and toxicological assessment of malachite green by Streptomyces chrestomyceticus S20. Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 17 32249356
2020 Expansion of germline RPS20 mutation phenotype to include Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Human mutation 17 32790018
1990 Escherichia coli 30S mutants lacking protein S20 are defective in translation initiation. Biochimica et biophysica acta 17 2207174
1988 Affinities of ribosomal protein S20 and C-terminal deletion mutants for 16S rRNA and S20 mRNA. Nucleic acids research 17 2449659
1981 Factors modulating transcription and translation in vitro of ribosomal protein S20 and isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli. European journal of biochemistry 17 7011813
1980 Purification of Drosophila ribosomal proteins. Isolation of proteins S8, S13, S14, S16, S19, S20/L24, S22/L26, S24, S25/S27, S26, S29, L4, L10/L11, L12, L13, L16, L18, L19, L27, 1, 7/8, 9, and 11. Biochemistry 16 6773542
2013 Intrinsic Peroxidase Catalytic Activity of Fe7 S8 Nanowires Templated from [Fe16 S20 ]/Diethylenetriamine Hybrid Nanowires. ChemPlusChem 15 31986636
1976 The sucrose gradient and native DNA S20,W, an examination of measurement problems. Biochimica et biophysica acta 15 793631
2025 AI based natural inhibitor targeting RPS20 for colorectal cancer treatment using integrated computational approaches. Scientific reports 14 40640225
1989 Subunit association defects in Escherichia coli ribosome mutants lacking proteins S20 and L11. European journal of biochemistry 13 2666133
2022 Biochemical and clinical effects of RPS20 expression in renal clear cell carcinoma. Oncology reports 12 36484407
2017 Molecular characterization of the duck enteritis virus US10 protein. Virology journal 12 28931412
2016 A new musculoskeletal ultrasound scoring system (US10) of the hands and wrist joints for evaluation of early rheumatoid arthritis patients. Revista brasileira de reumatologia 12 27692392
1995 Structure and properties of a herpesvirus of turkeys recombinant in which US1, US10 and SORF3 genes have been replaced by a lacZ expression cassette. The Journal of general virology 12 7595402
1990 The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S20. Biochimica et biophysica acta 12 2357470
2018 US10 Protein Is Crucial but not Indispensable for Duck Enteritis Virus Infection in Vitro. Scientific reports 11 30405139
2006 Genetic variations in rice in vitro cultures at the EPSPs-RPS20 region. TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik 11 17177062
1999 Sequence analysis of small cryptic plasmids isolated from Selenomonas ruminantium S20. Current microbiology 11 9871109
1991 Mapping ribosomal protein S20-16 S rRNA interactions by mutagenesis. The Journal of biological chemistry 11 1717450
1982 Ribosomal protein S20 purified under mild conditions almost completely inhibits its own translation. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 11 6960227
1976 Identity of a gene responsible for suppression of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase mutations with rpsT, the structural gene for ribosomal protein S20. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 11 796681
1977 Synthesis in vitro of ribosomal protein S20 and its precursor. Biochemistry 10 410439
1976 Genetic studies of the ribosomal proteins in Escherichia coli. IX. Mapping of the ribosomal proteins, S2 and S20, by intergeneric mating experiments between Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli K12. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 10 794688
2009 Structural motifs of the bacterial ribosomal proteins S20, S18 and S16 that contact rRNA present in the eukaryotic ribosomal proteins S25, S26 and S27A, respectively. Nucleic acids research 9 20034956
1983 Structural and functional studies on protein S20 from the 30-S subunit of the Escherichia coli ribosome. European journal of biochemistry 8 6337839
2024 Multimodal HLA-I genotype regulation by human cytomegalovirus US10 and resulting surface patterning. eLife 7 38900146
2022 S-20, a steroidal saponin from the berries of black nightshade, exerts anti-multidrug resistance activity in K562/ADR cells through autophagic cell death and ERK activation. Food & function 7 35119449
2024 Deficiency of the ribosomal protein uS10 (RPS20) reorganizes human cells translatome according to the abundance, CDS length and GC content of mRNAs. Open biology 6 38290548
1976 Gene locus of a 30s ribosomal protein S20 of Bacillus subtilis. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 6 817126
2025 Hydrogen sulfide preserves intestinal barrier repair function through sulfhydration of RPS20 in experimental colitis. Scientific reports 5 40399407
2022 Changes in the Transcriptome Caused by Mutations in the Ribosomal Protein uS10 Associated with a Predisposition to Colorectal Cancer. International journal of molecular sciences 5 35682850
2010 Protein S20 binds two 16S rRNA sites as assembly is initiated. Journal of molecular biology 5 20600110
2007 Physicochemical characterization of El Tor Vibriophage S20. Intervirology 5 17489024
1997 Identification and characterization of the gene for Drosophila S20 ribosomal protein. Gene 5 9373141
2025 New RPS20 gene variant in colorectal cancer diagnosis: insight from a large series of patients. Familial cancer 4 39920491
2024 14-3-3ε augments OGT stability by binding with S20-phosphorylated OGT. The Journal of biological chemistry 4 39276932
2013 Visualization of Marek's disease virus in vitro using enhanced green fluorescent protein fused with US10. Virus genes 4 23703623
2001 On the characterization of the putative S20-thx operon of Thermus thermophilus. Biological chemistry 4 11530930
1979 The physical localization of the gene for ribosomal protein S20. Gene 4 372048
1977 Localisation of part of the binding sites of 30S ribosomal proteins S4 and S20 in a small uninterrupted fragment of 16S RNA. Biochimie 4 407946
2013 Late-assembly of human ribosomal protein S20 in the cytoplasm is essential for the functioning of the small subunit ribosome. Experimental cell research 3 24076373
1982 The effect of liver homogenate (S20) concentration on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon activation and mutation induction in the L5178Y mouse lymphoma mutation assay. Mutation research 3 7162525
1977 Evidence for a precursor-product relationship in the biosynthesis of ribosomal protein S20. Biochemistry 3 321018
2025 Regulation of Hindbrain Vascular Development by rps20 in Zebrafish. Cells 2 40710323
2011 Effects of yiqi huoxue recipe and Coxsackie virus B type 3 on the expression of ribosomal protein S20 in rat cardiac myocytes. Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2 21611902
2025 Exploring the occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and comprehensive whole genome analysis of the bcsir_p4_s20 strain from municipal wastewater in Chattogram. World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 1 40148700
2025 Genome-Wide Analysis of GmMYB S20 Transcription Factors Reveals Their Critical Role in Soybean Nodulation. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 1 40733477
2023 Discovery of a Novel Intron in US10/US11/US12 of HSV-1 Strain 17. Viruses 1 38005822

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