Affinage

RPS14

Small ribosomal subunit protein uS11 · UniProt P62263

Round 2 corrected
Length
151 aa
Mass
16.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus 14 papers cited in narrative 14 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RPS14 (uS11) is a structural component of the 40S ribosomal subunit that is essential for ribosome biogenesis, translational fidelity, and erythropoiesis. Its C-terminal basic extension is required for 3′-end processing of 20S pre-rRNA during late 40S subunit maturation, and mutations in this region destabilize the small subunit (PMID:15125836, PMID:6835209). Haploinsufficiency of RPS14 is the causative lesion in 5q− myelodysplastic syndrome: it triggers a lineage-selective, p53-dependent erythroid differentiation block mediated by MDM2 inhibition and S100A8/S100A9 innate immune activation, which also remodels the bone-marrow niche (PMID:18202658, PMID:26878232, PMID:21068437). Beyond its ribosomal role, free RPS14 directly binds c-Myc to inhibit its transcriptional activity and promotes c-Myc mRNA degradation through an Ago2/miRNA-dependent pathway (PMID:23775087).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 10 steps
  1. 1982 Medium

    Mapping the human RPS14 gene to chromosome 5 and demonstrating that human RPS14 functionally replaces its hamster ortholog in ribosomes established S14 as a conserved core 40S subunit protein.

    Evidence Somatic cell hybrid panels with selective pressure and biochemical ribosome incorporation assays

    PMID:9732752

    Open questions at the time
    • No structural detail on S14's position within the subunit
    • Functional conservation shown only between mammalian species
  2. 1985 Medium

    Identification of emetine-resistance mutations at two adjacent arginine codons in the C-terminal basic region of S14 revealed this domain as functionally critical for 40S subunit activity and structural stability.

    Evidence cDNA sequencing of wild-type and emetine-resistant CHO mutants; salt-dissociation assays of 40S subunits from two-step emtB mutants

    PMID:3839563 PMID:6835209

    Open questions at the time
    • Precise molecular contacts of the C-terminal extension with rRNA were unknown
    • Mechanism of emetine binding to the ribosome not resolved
  3. 2004 High

    Structure–function analysis in yeast showed that the C-terminal extension of rpS14 is required for cytoplasmic processing of 20S pre-rRNA to mature 18S rRNA, establishing a specific role in late 40S biogenesis beyond structural integrity.

    Evidence Yeast rpS14 C-terminal mutants analyzed by northern blotting and ribosome fractionation

    PMID:15125836

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the same pre-rRNA processing requirement holds in mammalian cells
    • Identity of the endonuclease(s) gated by rpS14 C-terminal contacts
  4. 2008 High

    An RNAi screen identified RPS14 haploinsufficiency as the causative event in 5q− myelodysplastic syndrome, linking a ribosomal protein deficiency to a specific human hematologic disease and connecting it mechanistically to Diamond-Blackfan anemia via shared pre-rRNA processing defects.

    Evidence RNAi knockdown in human CD34+ progenitors phenocopying erythroid failure; forced RPS14 expression rescuing 5q− patient bone marrow

    PMID:18202658

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether co-deleted genes on 5q contribute to the full disease spectrum
    • Mechanism of erythroid selectivity not resolved
  5. 2010 High

    Demonstration that RPS14 haploinsufficiency activates p53 selectively in erythroid progenitors, with pharmacological p53 inhibition rescuing the defect, explained the lineage-specific vulnerability underlying the 5q− erythroid failure.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown in human hematopoietic progenitors; pifithrin-α rescue and nutlin-3 phenocopy; immunohistochemistry in patient biopsies

    PMID:21068437

    Open questions at the time
    • Why p53 is activated selectively in erythroid cells rather than other lineages
    • Contribution of p53-independent pathways
  6. 2012 Medium

    Discovery that RPS14 directly binds the central acidic domain of MDM2 and inhibits its E3 ligase activity toward p53 provided a molecular mechanism for ribosomal-stress-induced p53 stabilization, complementing the RPL5/RPL11 pathway.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro MDM2 ubiquitin ligase assays, overexpression/knockdown in cell lines

    PMID:22391559

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative quantitative contribution of RPS14 versus RPL5/RPL11 to MDM2 inhibition in vivo
    • No structural model of the RPS14–MDM2 complex
    • Single-laboratory study
  7. 2013 Medium

    RPS14 was shown to act as an extra-ribosomal inhibitor of c-Myc by binding its MBII and bHLH-LZ domains, blocking TRRAP recruitment to promoters, and promoting c-Myc mRNA degradation through Ago2/miRNA—establishing a ribosomal-protein–oncogene regulatory axis independent of p53.

    Evidence Co-IP, chromatin IP, reporter assays, mRNA stability assays with siRNA knockdown

    PMID:23775087

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological conditions that generate sufficient free RPS14 to repress c-Myc in vivo
    • Identity of the specific miRNAs involved
    • Single-laboratory study
  8. 2013 High

    High-resolution cryo-EM structures of metazoan 80S ribosomes defined the precise position and contacts of RPS14 within the 40S subunit, including metazoan-specific structural elaborations.

    Evidence Cryo-EM at near-atomic resolution of Drosophila and human 80S ribosomes

    PMID:23636399 PMID:25901680

    Open questions at the time
    • Dynamics of RPS14 contacts during active translation elongation cycles
    • No structure of a ribosome assembly intermediate containing RPS14
  9. 2016 High

    A conditional Rps14 knockout mouse recapitulated 5q− syndrome features (anemia, megakaryocyte dysplasia, HSC defects) and revealed that upregulation of S100A8/S100A9 in the innate immune compartment is both necessary and sufficient for the erythroid differentiation block, as demonstrated by genetic rescue with S100a8 knockout.

    Evidence Conditional KO mice, quantitative proteomics, recombinant S100A8 sufficiency tests, S100a8 genetic rescue

    PMID:26878232

    Open questions at the time
    • Receptor and signaling pathway through which S100A8 impairs erythropoiesis
    • Whether S100A8 contributes to clonal advantage in MDS
  10. 2019 Medium

    Compound haploinsufficiency of Rps14 with Csnk1a1 and miR-145/146a in mice demonstrated that hematopoietic cell-intrinsic innate immune activation (S100A8) extrinsically impairs erythropoiesis by remodeling the mesenchymal niche, explaining how multiple 5q deletions cooperate.

    Evidence Compound conditional mouse knockouts, bone marrow transplantation, flow cytometry, S100A8 immunostaining in patient samples

    PMID:30651631

    Open questions at the time
    • Precise niche signals downstream of S100A8 that suppress erythropoiesis
    • Whether therapeutic targeting of S100A8 is feasible in patients

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the structural basis of the RPS14–MDM2 interaction, the identity of the miRNAs mediating RPS14-dependent c-Myc mRNA degradation, and the molecular mechanism by which S100A8/S100A9 selectively impairs erythroid differentiation downstream of RPS14 haploinsufficiency.
  • No co-crystal or cryo-EM structure of RPS14–MDM2
  • miRNA identities in c-Myc degradation pathway uncharacterized
  • S100A8 receptor/signaling in erythroid progenitors not defined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 6 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2 GO:0003723 RNA binding 1
Localization
GO:0005840 ribosome 4 GO:0005829 cytosol 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 2 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2
Partners
AGO2C-MYCMDM2RPL11RPL5S100A8S100A9TRRAP
Complex memberships
40S ribosomal subunit80S ribosome

Evidence

Reading pass · 14 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2008 RPS14 was identified as the causal gene for the 5q- syndrome myelodysplastic syndrome subtype. Partial loss-of-function of RPS14 via RNAi in normal haematopoietic progenitor cells phenocopied the erythroid differentiation defect, and forced RPS14 expression rescued the phenotype in patient-derived bone marrow cells. A block in pre-ribosomal RNA processing was identified in RPS14-deficient cells, functionally linking 5q- syndrome to Diamond-Blackfan anaemia through defective ribosomal protein function. RNAi screen in haematopoietic progenitor cells, rescue experiments with forced expression in patient bone marrow cells, pre-rRNA processing assays Nature High 18202658
2016 Conditional inactivation of Rps14 in mice causes a p53-dependent erythroid differentiation block at the transition from polychromatic to orthochromatic erythroblasts, resulting in progressive anemia, megakaryocyte dysplasia, and loss of HSC quiescence. Mechanistically, Rps14 haploinsufficiency upregulates S100A8 and S100A9 (innate immune signaling proteins) in erythroblasts, monocytes, and macrophages; addition of recombinant S100A8 was sufficient to induce erythroid differentiation defects in wild-type cells, and genetic inactivation of S100a8 rescued the erythroid defect of Rps14-haploinsufficient HSCs. Conditional knockout mouse model, quantitative proteomics, recombinant protein treatment, genetic rescue (S100a8 knockout cross) Nature medicine High 26878232
2012 RPS14 binds the central acidic domain of MDM2 and inhibits its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity toward p53, thereby stabilizing and activating p53. This RPS14-MDM2 interaction is induced upon ribosomal stress (actinomycin D or mycophenolic acid treatment). Overexpression of RPS14 elevated p53 level and activity leading to G1 or G2 arrest; knockdown of RPS14 alleviated p53 induction. Knockdown of RPS14 also itself caused ribosomal stress-induced p53 activation that was dependent on RPL11 and RPL5. Co-immunoprecipitation, overexpression and knockdown in cells, MDM2 E3 ligase activity assays, cell cycle analysis Oncogene Medium 22391559
2013 RPS14 interacts with the Myc homology box II (MBII) and the C-terminal bHLH-LZ domains of c-Myc, inhibits c-Myc transcriptional activity by preventing recruitment of c-Myc and its cofactor TRRAP to target gene promoters. RPS14 also promotes c-Myc mRNA degradation through an Argonaute 2 (Ago2)- and microRNA-mediated pathway, independently of p53. Co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, reporter assays, mRNA stability assays The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 23775087
2004 The carboxy-terminal extension of yeast ribosomal protein rpS14 is required for maturation of 43S preribosomes. Specific rps14 mutations cause extraordinary accumulation of 43S preribosomes containing 20S pre-rRNA in the cytoplasm, demonstrating that rpS14's C-terminal extension—located near the 3' end of 18S rRNA—is required for 3' end processing of 20S pre-rRNA and late steps of 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Yeast rpS14 mutant analysis, northern blotting for pre-rRNA intermediates, electron microscopy, ribosome fractionation Molecular cell High 15125836
2010 Haploinsufficiency of RPS14 (or RPS19) selectively activates p53 in erythroid progenitor cells but not in other lineages. This lineage-specific p53 accumulation leads to p21 induction and cell cycle arrest specifically in erythroid cells. Pharmacological inhibition of p53 rescued the erythroid defect, whereas nutlin-3-mediated p53 activation selectively impaired erythropoiesis, establishing a mechanistic basis for erythroid failure in 5q- syndrome. shRNA knockdown in human hematopoietic progenitors, p53/p21 western blotting, pharmacological rescue (pifithrin-α, nutlin-3), immunohistochemistry in patient bone marrow biopsies Blood High 21068437
2016 In a zebrafish CRISPR/Cas9 RPS14 knockout model, erythropoietic failure occurs by a late-stage defect that is initially p53-independent and then becomes p53-dependent, revealing a two-phase mechanism. Pharmacological agents including L-leucine and dexamethasone could partially reverse the anemic phenotype. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout in zebrafish, morpholino knockdown, pharmacological testing, blood cell counts and erythroid staging Journal of genetics and genomics Medium 27216296
2019 Combined haploinsufficiency of Rps14, Csnk1a1, and miR-145/miR-146a in mice recapitulates the cardinal features of the 5q- syndrome including severe anemia and megakaryocyte dysplasia. Rps14/Csnk1a1/miR-145/146a-deficient macrophages activate the innate immune response (increased S100A8) and alter the mesenchymal stem cell niche microenvironment, demonstrating that hematopoietic cell-intrinsic defects extrinsically impair erythropoiesis through niche signaling. Conditional compound mouse knockouts, bone marrow transplantation, flow cytometry, S100A8 immunostaining in patient samples Leukemia Medium 30651631
1982 The human RPS14 gene (emtB locus) was mapped to chromosome 5 by studying human-Chinese hamster hybrid cells. The human RPS14 protein is incorporated into functional ribosomes in place of the Chinese hamster protein, demonstrating functional conservation of the ribosomal subunit protein across species. Somatic cell hybrid analysis, selective pressure experiments, biochemical incorporation assay Somatic cell genetics Medium 9732752
1985 The CHO cell emetine-resistance mutations (emtB) in ribosomal protein S14 map to two adjacent arginine codons in the basic C-terminal region of the protein, established by cDNA cloning and sequencing of wild-type and mutant transcripts. This identified the C-terminal basic region as critical for S14 function in the 40S ribosomal subunit. cDNA cloning and sequencing of wild-type and emetine-resistant mutant S14 mRNAs, polypeptide sequence analysis Molecular and cellular biology Medium 3839563
1983 Two-step emetine resistance mutations in Chinese hamster cells cause additional alterations in ribosomal protein S14 and destabilize the 40S ribosomal subunit. 40S subunits from two-step emtB mutants dissociated into core particles at lower ionic strength than wild-type, directly linking S14 mutations to 40S subunit structural integrity. Two-dimensional PAGE of ribosomal proteins, salt stability assays of ribosomal subunits, complementation testing Molecular and cellular biology Medium 6835209
2013 Cryo-EM structures of Drosophila melanogaster and Homo sapiens 80S ribosomes reveal the position and interactions of RPS14 within the 40S small subunit, including metazoan-specific features such as additional structural layers formed by ribosomal RNA co-evolving with ribosomal proteins. High-resolution cryo-electron microscopy and atomic model building Nature High 23636399
2015 The near-atomic resolution (3.6 Å, reaching 2.9 Å) cryo-EM structure of the human 80S ribosome provides detailed information on RPS14's position and interactions within the 40S subunit, including contacts at the subunit interface that remodel during rotational movements of ribosomal subunits during translation. Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy and atomic model building Nature High 25901680
2017 Hyperactivation of the thrombopoietin/MPL axis in myelofibrosis induces RPS14 deficiency in megakaryocytes, which impairs GATA1 mRNA translation, contributing to megakaryocyte dysplasia and myelofibrosis pathophysiology. Mouse model analysis (Gata1low), western blotting, polysome profiling, electron microscopy Blood cancer journal Medium 28622305

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. Nature 2090 16189514
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2015 A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. Cell 1015 26496610
2014 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. Cell 977 25416956
2012 The mRNA-bound proteome and its global occupancy profile on protein-coding transcripts. Molecular cell 973 22681889
1996 The human cytomegalovirus US11 gene product dislocates MHC class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Cell 895 8625414
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
2018 VIRMA mediates preferential m6A mRNA methylation in 3'UTR and near stop codon and associates with alternative polyadenylation. Cell discovery 829 29507755
2007 Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry. Molecular systems biology 733 17353931
2008 Identification of RPS14 as a 5q- syndrome gene by RNA interference screen. Nature 714 18202658
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2012 A census of human soluble protein complexes. Cell 689 22939629
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2006 A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration. Cell 610 16713569
2017 Anticancer sulfonamides target splicing by inducing RBM39 degradation via recruitment to DCAF15. Science (New York, N.Y.) 533 28302793
2011 Analysis of the myosin-II-responsive focal adhesion proteome reveals a role for β-Pix in negative regulation of focal adhesion maturation. Nature cell biology 490 21423176
2013 Structures of the human and Drosophila 80S ribosome. Nature 481 23636399
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2022 OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular organization. Science (New York, N.Y.) 432 35271311
2010 Global analysis of TDP-43 interacting proteins reveals strong association with RNA splicing and translation machinery. Journal of proteome research 422 20020773
2013 The intracellular interactome of tetraspanin-enriched microdomains reveals their function as sorting machineries toward exosomes. The Journal of biological chemistry 413 23463506
2015 Panorama of ancient metazoan macromolecular complexes. Nature 407 26344197
2004 The molecular mechanics of eukaryotic translation. Annual review of biochemistry 396 15189156
2015 Structure of the human 80S ribosome. Nature 380 25901680
2010 Characterization of the proteome, diseases and evolution of the human postsynaptic density. Nature neuroscience 370 21170055
2007 Systematic analysis of the protein interaction network for the human transcription machinery reveals the identity of the 7SK capping enzyme. Molecular cell 367 17643375
2021 A proximity-dependent biotinylation map of a human cell. Nature 339 34079125
2010 Haploinsufficiency for ribosomal protein genes causes selective activation of p53 in human erythroid progenitor cells. Blood 337 21068437
2010 Dynamics of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase network revealed by systematic quantitative proteomics. Cell 318 21145461
2012 A high-throughput approach for measuring temporal changes in the interactome. Nature methods 273 22863883
1995 Structure and evolution of mammalian ribosomal proteins. Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire 265 8722009
2006 SREBP1 and thyroid hormone responsive spot 14 (S14) are involved in the regulation of bovine mammary lipid synthesis during diet-induced milk fat depression and treatment with CLA. The Journal of nutrition 201 16988111
2016 Rps14 haploinsufficiency causes a block in erythroid differentiation mediated by S100A8 and S100A9. Nature medicine 198 26878232
2000 Inhibition of PKR activation by the proline-rich RNA binding domain of the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 protein. Journal of virology 177 11070019
1990 Dietary polyunsaturated fats uniquely suppress rat liver fatty acid synthase and S14 mRNA content. The Journal of nutrition 153 2313387
1999 Sterol response element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) is involved in the polyunsaturated fatty acid suppression of hepatic S14 gene transcription. The Journal of biological chemistry 147 10551830
1992 Definition of the carbohydrate response element of the rat S14 gene. Evidence for a common factor required for carbohydrate regulation of hepatic genes. The Journal of biological chemistry 146 1618827
2012 Ribosomal protein S14 unties the MDM2-p53 loop upon ribosomal stress. Oncogene 140 22391559
1999 The pathway of US11-dependent degradation of MHC class I heavy chains involves a ubiquitin-conjugated intermediate. The Journal of cell biology 135 10508854
1993 Polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit S14 gene transcription in rat liver and cultured hepatocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 132 8378318
1989 Sequences within the 5'-flanking region of the S14 gene confer responsiveness to glucose in primary hepatocytes. The Journal of biological chemistry 124 2808335
1990 Suppression of rat hepatic fatty acid synthase and S14 gene transcription by dietary polyunsaturated fat. The Journal of nutrition 118 2175783
2002 Herpes simplex virus tegument protein US11 interacts with conventional kinesin heavy chain. Journal of virology 115 11884553
1998 Trophoblast class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) products are resistant to rapid degradation imposed by the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gene products US2 and US11. The Journal of experimental medicine 112 9687527
2001 Polyubiquitination is required for US11-dependent movement of MHC class I heavy chain from endoplasmic reticulum into cytosol. Molecular biology of the cell 109 11514634
1994 Definition of the carbohydrate response element of the rat S14 gene. Context of the CACGTG motif determines the specificity of carbohydrate regulation. The Journal of biological chemistry 106 8132677
1985 High basal expression and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine regulation of messenger ribonucleic acid S14 in lipogenic tissues. Endocrinology 105 4065033
2002 Inhibition of PACT-mediated activation of PKR by the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 protein. Journal of virology 104 12368348
1990 Identification of multiple thyroid hormone response elements located far upstream from the rat S14 promoter. The Journal of biological chemistry 103 2159469
1997 The HCMV gene products US11 and US2 differ in their ability to attack allelic forms of murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chains. The Journal of experimental medicine 100 9016885
2007 Inhibition of cellular 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase by the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 protein. Journal of virology 84 17229694
1982 Linkage of the leuS, emtB, and chr genes on chromosome 5 in humans and expression of human genes encoding protein synthetic components in human--Chinese hamster hybrids. Somatic cell genetics 83 9732752
2004 The carboxy-terminal extension of yeast ribosomal protein S14 is necessary for maturation of 43S preribosomes. Molecular cell 82 15125836
2003 Association of the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 gene product with the cellular kinesin light-chain-related protein PAT1 results in the redistribution of both polypeptides. Journal of virology 82 12915535
2008 Haploinsufficiency of RPS14 in 5q- syndrome is associated with deregulation of ribosomal- and translation-related genes. British journal of haematology 77 18477045
1985 Emetine resistance of Chinese hamster cells: structures of wild-type and mutant ribosomal protein S14 mRNAs. Molecular and cellular biology 76 3839563
1988 Ribosomal protein S14 genes in broad bean mitochondrial DNA. Nucleic acids research 74 3405753
1999 A single nuclear transcript encoding mitochondrial RPS14 and SDHB of rice is processed by alternative splicing: common use of the same mitochondrial targeting signal for different proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 73 10430921
2013 Ribosomal protein S14 negatively regulates c-Myc activity. The Journal of biological chemistry 71 23775087
2001 Ubiquitination is essential for human cytomegalovirus US11-mediated dislocation of MHC class I molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. The Biochemical journal 71 11513735
1999 The cytosolic tail of class I MHC heavy chain is required for its dislocation by the human cytomegalovirus US2 and US11 gene products. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 70 10411907
1986 The product of gene US11 of herpes simplex virus type 1 is expressed as a true late gene. The Journal of general virology 68 3009688
1989 Rapid induction of rat liver S14 gene transcription by thyroid hormone. The Journal of biological chemistry 65 2925662
1975 Nucleotide sequences of Escherichia coli 16-S RNA associated with ribosomal proteins S7, S9, S10, S14 and S19. European journal of biochemistry 64 1100389
2006 S14: insights from knockout mice. Endocrinology 62 16809440
1991 Replacement mutagenesis of the human cytomegalovirus genome: US10 and US11 gene products are nonessential. Journal of virology 62 1656074
1982 Selective linkage disruption in human-Chinese hamster cell hybrids: deletion mapping of the leuS, hexB, emtB, and chr genes on human chromosome 5. Molecular and cellular biology 62 7177110
2005 Human cytomegalovirus protein US11 provokes an unfolded protein response that may facilitate the degradation of class I major histocompatibility complex products. Journal of virology 60 15708995
1994 Functional synergism between multiple thyroid hormone response elements regulates hepatic expression of the rat S14 gene. Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) 60 7997231
1977 Isolation of eukaryotic ribosomal proteins. Purification and characterization of the 40 S ribosomal subunit proteins Sa, Sc, S3a, S3b, S5', S9, S10, S11, S12, S14, S15, S15', S16, S17, S18, S19, S20, S21, S26, S27', and S29. The Journal of biological chemistry 60 925037
2005 Novel keratinase from Bacillus subtilis S14 exhibiting remarkable dehairing capabilities. Applied and environmental microbiology 59 15640244
2002 Human cytomegalovirus gene products US2 and US11 differ in their ability to attack major histocompatibility class I heavy chains in dendritic cells. Journal of virology 57 11967320
1990 The herpes simplex virus Us11 open reading frame encodes a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein. Journal of virology 56 2161949
2005 Rhesus cytomegalovirus contains functional homologues of US2, US3, US6, and US11. Journal of virology 55 15827193
2001 Signal peptide cleavage of a type I membrane protein, HCMV US11, is dependent on its membrane anchor. The EMBO journal 55 11285222
2013 Suppression of PACT-induced type I interferon production by herpes simplex virus 1 Us11 protein. Journal of virology 53 24067967
1988 Probing the assembly of the 3' major domain of 16 S rRNA. Interactions involving ribosomal proteins S2, S3, S10, S13 and S14. Journal of molecular biology 53 2459390
2001 Membrane-specific, host-derived factors are required for US2- and US11-mediated degradation of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. The Journal of biological chemistry 52 11717308
1991 Herpes simplex virus 1 RNA-binding protein US11 negatively regulates the accumulation of a truncated viral mRNA. Journal of virology 49 1656075
2004 Full resistance of herpes simplex virus type 1-infected primary human cells to alpha interferon requires both the Us11 and gamma(1)34.5 gene products. Journal of virology 48 15331752
1993 The herpes simplex virus type 1 US11 gene product is a phosphorylated protein found to be non-specifically associated with both ribosomal subunits. The Journal of general virology 48 8383175
1990 Ribosomal protein S14 transcripts are edited in Oenothera mitochondria. Nucleic acids research 47 2326162
2011 The PPR-DYW proteins are required for RNA editing of rps14, cox1 and nad5 transcripts in Physcomitrella patens mitochondria. FEBS letters 46 21708151
2004 The nuclear factor HCF145 affects chloroplast psaA-psaB-rps14 transcript abundance in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 45 15144376
2002 Inhibitory effects of cytomegalovirus proteins US2 and US11 point to contributions from direct priming and cross-priming in induction of vaccinia virus-specific CD8(+) T cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 45 12023332
2011 Nucleolin interacts with US11 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 and is involved in its trafficking. Journal of virology 44 22130536
1994 Stringent control during carbon starvation of marine Vibrio sp. strain S14: molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and deletion of the relA gene. Journal of bacteriology 43 7928955
1990 Insulin rapidly induces rat liver S14 gene transcription. Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) 43 2177838
1987 Rat hepatic mRNA-S14 and lipogenic enzymes during weaning: role of S14 in lipogenesis. The American journal of physiology 43 3688223
2002 The HCMV gene products US2 and US11 target MHC class I molecules for degradation in the cytosol. Current topics in microbiology and immunology 42 12224515
2003 Sporogen, S14-95, and S-curvularin, three inhibitors of human inducible nitric-oxide synthase expression isolated from fungi. Molecular pharmacology 40 12527810
1988 Transcriptional activation of the rat liver S14 gene during postnatal development. The Journal of biological chemistry 40 3366778
2019 Rps14, Csnk1a1 and miRNA145/miRNA146a deficiency cooperate in the clinical phenotype and activation of the innate immune system in the 5q- syndrome. Leukemia 39 30651631
1994 A mammalian origin of bidirectional DNA replication within the Chinese hamster RPS14 locus. Molecular and cellular biology 39 8065299
2018 Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Inhibits TANK-Binding Kinase 1 through Formation of the Us11-Hsp90 Complex. Journal of virology 38 29743370
2003 Amino acid composition of alpha1/alpha2 domains and cytoplasmic tail of MHC class I molecules determine their susceptibility to human cytomegalovirus US11-mediated down-regulation. European journal of immunology 36 12778489
1988 Ribosomal protein S14 is encoded by a pair of highly conserved, adjacent genes on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. Molecular and cellular biology 36 3141788
2019 Disassembly of the TRIM23-TBK1 Complex by the Us11 Protein of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Impairs Autophagy. Journal of virology 35 31189704
2006 Pervasive survival of expressed mitochondrial rps14 pseudogenes in grasses and their relatives for 80 million years following three functional transfers to the nucleus. BMC evolutionary biology 35 16842621
1986 Opposing effects of glucagon and triiodothyronine on the hepatic levels of messenger ribonucleic acid S14 and the dependence of such effects on circadian factors. The Journal of clinical investigation 34 3760185
2005 Identification of cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro is greatly enhanced by the use of recombinant virus lacking the US2 to US11 region or modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing individual viral genes. Journal of virology 33 15709006
2022 A new LKB1 activator, piericidin analogue S14, retards renal fibrosis through promoting autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis in renal tubular epithelial cells. Theranostics 32 36276641
2010 Overlapping roles of the glucose-responsive genes, S14 and S14R, in hepatic lipogenesis. Endocrinology 32 20233797
1998 Extracellular signal molecule(s) involved in the carbon starvation response of marine Vibrio sp. strain S14. Journal of bacteriology 32 9440506
2006 E2-25K mediates US11-triggered retro-translocation of MHC class I heavy chains in a permeabilized cell system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 31 16868077
1999 Transcriptional regulation of the human cytomegalovirus US11 early gene. Journal of virology 31 9882286
1994 Two glucose-signaling pathways in S14 gene transcription in primary hepatocytes: a common role of protein phosphorylation. Endocrinology 31 8194479
2017 The thrombopoietin/MPL axis is activated in the Gata1low mouse model of myelofibrosis and is associated with a defective RPS14 signature. Blood cancer journal 30 28622305
2016 A Zebrafish Model of 5q-Syndrome Using CRISPR/Cas9 Targeting RPS14 Reveals a p53-Independent and p53-Dependent Mechanism of Erythroid Failure. Journal of genetics and genomics = Yi chuan xue bao 30 27216296
1997 The CCAAT box binding factor, NF-Y, is required for thyroid hormone regulation of rat liver S14 gene transcription. The Journal of biological chemistry 30 9346922
2004 Transfer of RPS14 and RPL5 from the mitochondrion to the nucleus in grasses. Gene 29 14693379
2000 Expression of herpes simplex virus ICP47 and human cytomegalovirus US11 prevents recognition of transgene products by CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Journal of virology 29 10775582
1993 An rps14 pseudogene is transcribed and edited in Arabidopsis mitochondria. Current genetics 29 7916674
1987 The primary structures of ribosomal proteins S14 and S16 from the archaebacterium Halobacterium marismortui. Comparison with eubacterial and eukaryotic ribosomal proteins. The Journal of biological chemistry 29 3305503
2010 Molecular anatomy of subcellular localization of HSV-1 tegument protein US11 in living cells. Virus research 28 20633584
1992 Mitochondrial rps14 is a transcribed and edited pseudogene in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant molecular biology 28 1463850
1983 Ribosomal protein S14 is altered by two-step emetine resistance mutations in Chinese hamster cells. Molecular and cellular biology 28 6835209
2018 ECD1 functions as an RNA-editing trans-factor of rps14-149 in plastids and is required for early chloroplast development in seedlings. Journal of experimental botany 27 29648606
2015 Biophysical Characterization of Nucleophosmin Interactions with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Rev and Herpes Simplex Virus US11. PloS one 27 26624888
2005 Subtle sequence variation among MHC class I locus products greatly influences sensitivity to HCMV US2- and US11-mediated degradation. International immunology 27 16361314
1996 The rpl5-rps14-cob gene arrangement in Solanum tuberosum: rps14 is a transcribed and unedited pseudogene. Plant molecular biology 27 8806426
1999 The gene for mitochondrial ribosomal protein S14 has been transferred to the nucleus in Arabidopsis thaliana. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 26 10503545
2007 Characterization of M-class genome segments of muscovy duck reovirus S14. Virus research 25 17218035
2005 Binding of herpes simplex virus-1 US11 to specific RNA sequences. Nucleic acids research 25 16246910
2004 US11 of herpes simplex virus type 1 interacts with HIPK2 and antagonizes HIPK2-induced cell growth arrest. Journal of virology 24 14990717
1987 Diurnal variation in hepatic expression of the rat S14 gene is synchronized by the photoperiod. Endocrinology 24 3830060
1993 Genes for ribosomal proteins S3, L16, L5 and S14 are clustered in the mitochondrial genome of Brassica napus L. Current genetics 23 8252643
1991 Dietary sucrose enhances processing of mRNA-S14 nuclear precursor. The Journal of biological chemistry 23 1744084
1986 Reconstitution of Escherichia coli ribosomes containing puromycin-modified S14: functional effects of the photoaffinity labeling of a protein essential for tRNA binding. Biochemistry 23 3542041