Affinage

RPL23

Large ribosomal subunit protein uL14 · UniProt P62829

Round 2 corrected
Length
140 aa
Mass
14.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus 27 papers cited in narrative 26 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RPL23 (uL14) is a core structural component of the 60S ribosomal large subunit that positions at the peptide exit tunnel, where it serves as a universal docking platform for co-translational chaperones (Trigger Factor, NAC) and targeting factors (SRP) (PMID:12226666, PMID:12702815, PMID:16316984). Its C-tail mediates a direct physical interaction with eIF6 at the 60S subunit interface that is critical for subunit joining and is disrupted by Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome-associated eIF6 mutations (PMID:36651285). In an extra-ribosomal capacity, RPL23 accumulates in response to ribosomal stress or oncogenic RAS signaling and binds the central acidic domain of MDM2—together with RPL5 and RPL11—to inhibit MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination and activate p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (PMID:15314173, PMID:15314174, PMID:27402081). RPL23 additionally modulates Miz1/c-Myc-dependent transcription by controlling nucleophosmin nucleolar retention, regulates MMP9 mRNA stability via direct 3′UTR binding, and influences antigen processing and MHC-I peptide presentation (PMID:19160485, PMID:34926291, PMID:40918646).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 13 steps
  1. 1984 Medium

    Establishing L23's ribosomal geography: affinity labeling placed bacterial L23 near the peptidyl transferase center A-site and identified its rRNA contacts, providing the first functional map of this protein within the ribosome.

    Evidence Affinity labeling with puromycin and RNA footprinting on E. coli ribosomes

    PMID:6392564

    Open questions at the time
    • Exact tunnel architecture unresolved at this resolution
    • No information on eukaryotic ortholog positioning
  2. 1991 Medium

    Refining L23's rRNA binding site and establishing evolutionary conservation: footprinting defined L23's binding to a tertiary motif in 23S rRNA domain III, and cloning of rat L23 confirmed homology to E. coli L14, linking bacterial and eukaryotic studies.

    Evidence Chemical/ribonuclease footprinting of E. coli 23S rRNA; cDNA sequencing and genomic Southern blot of rat L23

    PMID:1840488 PMID:1960726

    Open questions at the time
    • No high-resolution structure of L23 in ribosomal context yet
    • Functional role beyond structural integration unknown
  3. 1997 Medium

    Immunoelectron microscopy revealed L23 spans the ribosome interior from the peptidyl transferase region to the peptide exit site, establishing the structural basis for its later-discovered role as an exit-tunnel gatekeeper.

    Evidence EM immunolocalization of reconstituted DNP-L23 in 50S subunits

    PMID:9079702

    Open questions at the time
    • Resolution limited by immunoEM technique
    • Functional consequence of dual localization untested
  4. 2002 High

    Identifying L23 as the essential chaperone docking site at the ribosomal exit tunnel resolved how nascent chains engage co-translational folding machinery: Trigger Factor binds L23 directly, and L23 mutations cause conditional lethality and protein aggregation.

    Evidence Crosslinking, mutagenesis, and genetic complementation in E. coli

    PMID:12226666

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether eukaryotic chaperones use the same docking site unknown
    • No structural model of TF–L23 complex at atomic resolution at this point
  5. 2003 High

    Discovery that SRP and Trigger Factor compete for the same L23 binding site established L23 as a shared platform coordinating co-translational folding versus membrane targeting decisions, while NMR structure revealed L23's flexible loop that rigidifies upon rRNA binding.

    Evidence Site-specific UV crosslinking of SRP/TF to L23 in E. coli; NMR solution structure of T. thermophilus L23

    PMID:12702815 PMID:12756233 PMID:12766408

    Open questions at the time
    • How competition between SRP and TF is regulated in vivo unclear
    • Eukaryotic counterpart interactions not yet tested
  6. 2004 High

    Three independent studies revealed RPL23's extra-ribosomal tumor suppressor function: free RPL23 binds MDM2's central acidic domain (forming a ternary complex with RPL11 and quaternary with RPL5), inhibits p53 ubiquitination, and activates p53-dependent G1 arrest upon ribosomal stress, establishing the RP–MDM2–p53 checkpoint.

    Evidence Reciprocal Co-IP, domain mapping, siRNA knockdown, ubiquitination assays in human cells

    PMID:15308643 PMID:15314173 PMID:15314174

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contributions of RPL23 vs RPL11 vs RPL5 to MDM2 inhibition in physiological settings unresolved
    • In vivo mouse model not yet tested
  7. 2005 High

    Extending the exit-tunnel platform concept to eukaryotes, NAC was shown to contact L23 via a conserved ribosome-binding motif, and L23 mutations reduced NAC binding without affecting other ribosome-associated factors, confirming functional conservation.

    Evidence UV crosslinking and mutagenesis in yeast (in vivo and in vitro)

    PMID:16316984

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether mammalian NAC uses an identical L23 interface not directly tested
    • Functional consequence for nascent chain fate not assessed
  8. 2008 High

    RPL23 was found to suppress Miz1-dependent transcription of p15Ink4b and p21Cip1 by sequestering nucleophosmin in the nucleolus, revealing a feedback circuit whereby the Myc target gene RPL23 antagonizes Miz1-mediated cell cycle arrest.

    Evidence Co-IP, immunofluorescence, reporter assays, and siRNA knockdown in human cells

    PMID:19160485

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether this circuit operates during normal ribosome biogenesis or only under oncogenic Myc unclear
    • Direct transcriptional regulation of RPL23 by Myc not shown with ChIP
  9. 2016 High

    Two studies clarified RPL23 chaperoning and its in vivo tumor suppressor role: yeast Bcp1 was identified as the nuclear chaperone for Rpl23 import, and mouse genetic epistasis showed oncogenic RAS specifically upregulates RPL23 (not RPL11), which activates the RPL23–MDM2–p53 axis in an ARF-independent manner.

    Evidence Co-IP and genetic deletion in S. cerevisiae; MDM2-C305F knock-in × H-RasG12V transgenic mice with siRNA validation

    PMID:27402081 PMID:27913624

    Open questions at the time
    • Human BCCIP vs yeast Bcp1 functional equivalence not rigorously tested
    • Whether RPL23 upregulation is sufficient for tumor suppression in vivo without RPL5/RPL11 not resolved
  10. 2018 Medium

    GRWD1 and the E3 ligase EDD/UBR5 were identified as negative regulators of RPL23 stability via ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation, providing a mechanism by which cells can tune the extra-ribosomal RPL23 pool and modulate MDM2–p53 signaling.

    Evidence Proteomic identification, Co-IP, ubiquitylation assay, proteasome inhibitor rescue in human cells

    PMID:29991511

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological contexts triggering GRWD1-mediated RPL23 degradation unknown
    • Whether this pathway operates in non-transformed cells not tested
  11. 2021 Medium

    An extra-ribosomal RNA-binding function was discovered: RPL23 directly associates with the MMP9 3′UTR to stabilize MMP9 mRNA, promoting hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion and metastasis, expanding RPL23's moonlighting repertoire beyond protein–protein interactions.

    Evidence RNA immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, migration/invasion assays, and in vivo metastasis model

    PMID:34926291

    Open questions at the time
    • RNA-binding specificity determinants in RPL23 not mapped
    • Whether other mRNAs are similarly regulated not addressed
    • Single-lab finding awaits independent replication
  12. 2023 High

    HDX-MS and mutagenesis defined the molecular interface between RPL23's C-tail and eIF6 on the 60S subunit, revealing that Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome eIF6 mutations weaken this interaction and that disrupting this interface limits cancer cell proliferation, connecting ribosome assembly to disease.

    Evidence Recombinant protein binding, HDX-MS, site-directed mutagenesis, cell proliferation assays

    PMID:36651285

    Open questions at the time
    • Full structural model of RPL23–eIF6 on the pre-60S particle lacking
    • Whether SDS patient cells show altered RPL23 dynamics not tested
  13. 2025 Medium

    Two recent studies expanded RPL23's functional reach: loss of RPL23 in melanoma alters antigen processing and MHC-I peptide presentation enabling immune escape, and RPL23 depletion in mouse oocytes causes mitochondrial dysfunction and spindle defects, implicating it in meiotic quality control.

    Evidence Proteomics/immunopeptidomics with CD8+ T cell co-culture (melanoma); siRNA knockdown/overexpression rescue with organelle imaging in mouse oocytes

    PMID:39748132 PMID:40918646

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking RPL23 to antigen processing pathway expression unclear
    • Whether oocyte phenotype is ribosome-dependent or extra-ribosomal unknown
    • Both findings from single laboratories

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the structural basis for how free RPL23 is partitioned between ribosome incorporation and extra-ribosomal signaling pools, the molecular determinants of RPL23's RNA-binding selectivity for specific mRNAs, and whether RPL23's influence on antigen presentation and oocyte quality reflects translational or moonlighting functions.
  • No ribosome-free RPL23 structure in complex with MDM2
  • No transcriptome-wide map of RPL23 mRNA targets
  • Ribosomal vs extra-ribosomal contribution to immune and oocyte phenotypes not dissected

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 5 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4 GO:0044183 protein folding chaperone 3 GO:0003723 RNA binding 1
Localization
GO:0005840 ribosome 8 GO:0005730 nucleolus 4 GO:0005654 nucleoplasm 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 7 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 5 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 1
Partners
BCCIPEIF6GRWD1MDM2NPM1RPL11RPL5U2AF2
Complex memberships
5S RNP–MDM2 complex (RPL5–RPL11–RPL23–MDM2)60S ribosomal subunit

Evidence

Reading pass · 26 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2004 RPL23 (L23) physically interacts with MDM2 via an immunoaffinity-purified complex independent of the 80S ribosome and polysome. This interaction is enhanced by actinomycin D treatment (ribosomal perturbation) but not gamma-irradiation. Ectopic L23 reduces MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination, stabilizes p53, and induces p53-dependent G1 arrest; siRNA knockdown of L23 abrogates actinomycin D-induced p53 activation. Immunoaffinity purification, Co-IP, siRNA knockdown, ubiquitination assay, cell cycle analysis Molecular and cellular biology High 15314173
2004 RPL23 (L23) interacts with the central acidic domain of HDM2 through an N-terminal domain of L23. L23 and L11 can simultaneously and distinctly bind HDM2 to form a ternary complex. Overexpressed L23 inhibits HDM2-induced p53 polyubiquitination and degradation and causes p53-dependent cell cycle arrest. Knockdown of L23 triggers nucleolar stress and translocation of B23/nucleophosmin from nucleolus to nucleoplasm, leading to p53 stabilization. Co-IP, domain mapping, siRNA knockdown, ubiquitination assay, immunofluorescence Molecular and cellular biology High 15314174
2002 In E. coli, ribosomal protein L23 (the bacterial ortholog) is located at the exit of the peptide tunnel and functions as an essential chaperone docking site on the ribosome. L23 interacts directly with the chaperone Trigger Factor; mutation of an exposed glutamate in L23 prevents Trigger Factor from associating with ribosomes and nascent chains, causing protein aggregation and conditional lethality in cells lacking DnaK function. Crosslinking, in vitro binding assay, mutagenesis, genetic complementation Nature High 12226666
2003 In E. coli, both Trigger Factor (chaperone) and SRP (signal recognition particle/Ffh) bind to ribosomal protein L23 at the nascent chain exit site. Site-specific UV crosslinking of Ffh to ribosomes shows predominant crosslinks to L23; purified TF and SRP both crosslink to L23 on non-translating ribosomes with SRP having a competitive advantage, establishing L23 as a shared attachment platform for co-translational targeting and folding factors. Site-specific UV crosslinking, Co-IP, in vitro binding RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 12702815 12756233
2005 Eukaryotic nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) contacts ribosomal protein L23 at the peptide exit site via a conserved RRK(X)nKK ribosome-binding motif in the beta-subunit of NAC. UV crosslinking placed this motif at the L23 family member at the exit site; mutations in L23 reduced NAC ribosome binding in vivo and in vitro without affecting other ribosome-associated factors such as Ssb/Zuotin. UV crosslinking, in vivo and in vitro binding, mutagenesis The Journal of biological chemistry High 16316984
2004 RPL23 overexpression in gastric cancer cells promotes multidrug resistance by suppressing drug-induced apoptosis, increasing Bcl-2 expression and Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and enhancing glutathione S-transferase activity and intracellular glutathione content, without altering intracellular drug accumulation or protein synthesis rates. Forced overexpression, flow cytometry (apoptosis), Western blot, GST activity assay Experimental cell research Medium 15149863
2008 RPL23 negatively regulates Miz1-dependent transactivation by retaining nucleophosmin (an essential Miz1 co-activator) in the nucleolus, thereby suppressing Miz1-induced expression of cell-cycle inhibitors p15Ink4b and p21Cip1. Because RPL23 is encoded by a direct Myc target gene, this constitutes a feedback circuit linking ribosome/cell growth to Miz1-dependent cell-cycle arrest. Co-IP, immunofluorescence, reporter assay, siRNA knockdown, overexpression Nature cell biology High 19160485
2003 NMR solution structure of RPL23 from Thermus thermophilus reveals a well-ordered core (four anti-parallel beta-strands, three alpha-helices) and a large flexible loop between beta-strands 3 and 4. Comparison with RNA-complexed crystal structures shows this flexible loop becomes rigid upon rRNA binding and forms part of the exit tunnel wall, providing structural basis for L23 function. NMR structure determination, comparison with crystal structures Journal of biomolecular NMR High 12766408
1984 Bacterial L23 is the primary ribosomal protein crosslinked to affinity-labeled puromycin, placing it within the A-site domain of the peptidyl transferase centre. The RNA binding site of L23 was isolated and shown to consist of two RNA fragments that interact with each other; chemical probing revealed that L23 contacts nucleotides at extremities of helices and bulged nucleotides, implicating a large RNA surface in protein binding. Affinity labeling, RNA footprinting, chemical/nuclease probing Journal of molecular biology Medium 6392564
1991 L23 binds 23S rRNA at a tertiary structural motif involving a single terminal loop and part of an adjacent internal loop at the centre of domain III. Its binding site, characterized by chemical and ribonuclease footprinting, lies centrally within its rRNA domain where it can maximally influence assembly of secondary binding proteins and functional RNA regions. Chemical footprinting, ribonuclease footprinting, multiple probes Journal of molecular biology Medium 1960726
1990 Puromycin-modified L23 (puromycin-L23) can be reconstituted into E. coli 50S subunits. Reconstituted 50S subunits containing 0.4–0.5 puromycin-L23 retain nearly all peptidyl transferase activity but only 50–60% of mRNA-dependent tRNA binding stimulation activity, indicating L23 is close to, but not directly at, the peptidyl transferase center, and influences tRNA binding. Reconstitution of 50S subunits, peptidyl transferase assay, tRNA binding assay Biochemistry High 2191716
1997 Immunoelectron microscopy of E. coli 50S subunits containing dinitrophenyl-L23 localized L23 at two major surface sites: one beside the central protuberance near the peptidyltransferase center, and a second at the base near the peptide exit site, consistent with L23 spanning the interior of the ribosome tunnel linking both sites. EM immunolocalization with reconstituted DNP-L23 The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 9079702
2016 In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bcp1 functions as the nuclear chaperone for Rpl23. Bcp1 dissociates Rpl23 from karyopherins and associates with Rpl23 in the nucleus. Loss of Bcp1 causes instability of Rpl23 and deficiency of 60S subunits. Co-IP, genetic deletion, Western blot, ribosome fractionation The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 27913624
2014 BCCIPβ (but not BCCIPα) forms a ternary complex with RPL23/uL14 and the pre-60S trans-acting factor eIF6 in a manner dependent on BCCIPβ's C-terminal domain. Depletion of BCCIPβ reduces the free RPL23 pool and decreases nucleolar eIF6 levels; overexpression of BCCIPβ leads to nucleoplasmic accumulation and stabilization of extra-ribosomal RPL23, demonstrating BCCIPβ functions as a nuclear chaperone for RPL23. Co-IP, siRNA knockdown, overexpression, subcellular fractionation FEBS letters Medium 25150171
2016 Oncogenic RAS signaling induces an increase in RPL23 mRNA and protein via MEK and PI3K/mTOR pathways, while RPL11 expression remains unchanged. Elevated RPL23 maintains interaction with MDM2(C305F) mutant (which cannot bind RPL11), enabling p53 activation in an ARF-independent manner. Knockdown of RPL23 abolishes RAS-induced p53 activation, establishing RPL23 as the key RP mediating the RP-MDM2-p53 response to oncogenic RAS. Mouse genetics (MDM2 C305F knock-in × H-Ras G12V transgene), siRNA knockdown, Western blot, Co-IP Cancer research High 27402081
2018 GRWD1, acting together with the E3 ubiquitin ligase EDD/UBR5, promotes ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of RPL23. Overexpression of GRWD1 decreases RPL23 stability in a MG132-sensitive manner; siRNA-mediated GRWD1 knockdown upregulates RPL23; co-expression of GRWD1 and EDD enhances RPL23 ubiquitylation. GRWD1-induced RPL23 proteolysis suppresses RPL23-mediated inhibition of anchorage-independent growth. Co-IP/proteomics, siRNA knockdown, overexpression, proteasome inhibitor rescue, ubiquitylation assay Journal of cell science Medium 29991511
2017 In higher-risk MDS, elevated RPL23 suppresses Miz-1 protein expression and upregulates c-Myc, thereby repressing Miz-1-dependent induction of p15Ink4b and p21Cip1, leading to apoptotic resistance. RPL23 knockdown causes G1-S arrest and increased apoptosis with reciprocal changes in Miz-1 and c-Myc, confirming the RPL23/Miz-1/c-Myc feedback circuit. siRNA knockdown, gene microarray, Western blot, flow cytometry Scientific reports Medium 28539603
2019 Loss of FBXO7 in midbrain dopamine neurons increases expression of RPL23, which inhibits MDM2 and activates a pro-apoptotic p53 transcriptional signature, driving dopaminergic neuron death. Conditional Fbxo7 deletion in dopamine neurons produces progressive nigral cell loss and locomotor defects, placing the RPL23-MDM2-p53 axis as the mechanistic driver of this Parkinson's-like pathology. Conditional knockout (Cre-lox), immunohistochemistry, transcriptomics, Western blot The Journal of pathology Medium 31144295
2020 Triptolide treatment increases binding of RPL23 to MDM2 in lung cancer cells, releasing and stabilizing p53, and induces nucleolar disintegration with relocalization of nucleolin from nucleolus to nucleoplasm and RPL23 to the cell periphery. This ribosomal stress-mediated RPL23-MDM2 interaction activates p53-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Co-IP, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blot, in vivo xenograft Oncology reports Medium 32236588
2023 The C-tail of uL14 (RPL23) is essential for physical interaction with eIF6 at the 60S ribosomal subunit interface; disruption of eight key residues in this interface by mutations (including those found in Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome variants of eIF6) weakens the interaction. HDX-MS revealed conformational rearrangements in eIF6 induced by uL14 binding and identified an allosteric interface regulated by the C-tail of eIF6. Disrupting this interface limits cancer cell proliferation. Recombinant protein interaction assay, mutagenesis, HDX-MS, cell proliferation assay Nucleic acids research High 36651285
2021 RPL23 directly associates with the 3'UTR of MMP9 mRNA, positively regulating MMP9 expression. RPL23 depletion inhibits HCC cell migration, invasion, and metastasis in an MMP9-dependent manner, revealing an extra-ribosomal RNA-binding function of RPL23 in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. siRNA knockdown, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), Western blot, migration/invasion assays, in vivo metastasis model Frontiers in oncology Medium 34926291
2024 SNORA68, bound by U2AF2, retains RPL23 in the nucleolus by binding U2AF2, which keeps RPL23 nucleolar rather than nucleoplasmic. Nucleolar RPL23 upregulates c-Myc expression, promoting triple-negative breast cancer stemness. Cell fractionation and RIP confirmed the mechanistic hierarchy. RNA pull-down, RIP, cell fractionation, coimmunoprecipitation, xenograft model Breast cancer research : BCR Medium 38594783
2025 Loss of uL14 (RPL23) in melanoma cells significantly downregulates antigen processing and presentation (APP) components, alters the peptide pool presented on HLA molecules (altered charge, anchor residues, predicted HLA binding), and reduces the ability of CD8+ T cells to recognize and kill melanoma cells in co-culture, identifying uL14 loss as a tumor immune escape mechanism. siRNA knockdown, proteomics, peptide immunopeptidomics, CD8+ T cell co-culture cytotoxicity assay NAR cancer Medium 40918646
2025 In mouse oocytes, RPL23 knockdown causes mitochondrial dysfunction, excessive ROS accumulation, and spindle assembly defects. RPL23 functions downstream of CALB1 in maintaining oocyte quality; overexpression of RPL23 in aging oocytes partially rescues age-related meiotic defects, establishing RPL23 as a regulator of oocyte aging and meiotic integrity. siRNA knockdown, overexpression, confocal imaging (spindle/ROS/mitochondria), single-cell transcriptomics Aging cell Medium 39748132
2004 MDM2 forms a complex containing at least ribosomal proteins L5, L11, and L23 in cells. L5, L11, and L23 can together form a complex with MDM2 (MDM2-L5-L11-L23) and the entire complex with p53 (p53-MDM2-L5-L11-L23), inhibiting MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination. Reciprocal Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, siRNA, overexpression The Journal of biological chemistry High 15308643
1991 The primary amino acid sequence of rat ribosomal protein L23 was determined: 140 amino acids, molecular weight ~14,856 Da. Rat L23 is homologous to S. cerevisiae L17a and related to E. coli L14 and the prokaryotic L14 family, establishing evolutionary conservation. Genomic hybridization indicates 7–9 copies of the L23 gene. cDNA sequencing, genomic Southern blot Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 1840488

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. Nature 2090 16189514
2012 Insights into RNA biology from an atlas of mammalian mRNA-binding proteins. Cell 1718 22658674
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2015 The BioPlex Network: A Systematic Exploration of the Human Interactome. Cell 1118 26186194
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2015 A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. Cell 1015 26496610
2014 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. Cell 977 25416956
2004 Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nature biotechnology 916 15592455
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
2004 A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway. Nature cell biology 841 14743216
2018 VIRMA mediates preferential m6A mRNA methylation in 3'UTR and near stop codon and associates with alternative polyadenylation. Cell discovery 829 29507755
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2012 A census of human soluble protein complexes. Cell 689 22939629
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2018 High-Density Proximity Mapping Reveals the Subcellular Organization of mRNA-Associated Granules and Bodies. Molecular cell 580 29395067
2017 Anticancer sulfonamides target splicing by inducing RBM39 degradation via recruitment to DCAF15. Science (New York, N.Y.) 533 28302793
2011 Analysis of the myosin-II-responsive focal adhesion proteome reveals a role for β-Pix in negative regulation of focal adhesion maturation. Nature cell biology 490 21423176
2013 Structures of the human and Drosophila 80S ribosome. Nature 481 23636399
2004 Inhibition of MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation by ribosomal protein L5. The Journal of biological chemistry 467 15308643
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2022 OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular organization. Science (New York, N.Y.) 432 35271311
2004 Ribosomal protein L23 activates p53 by inhibiting MDM2 function in response to ribosomal perturbation but not to translation inhibition. Molecular and cellular biology 425 15314173
2010 Global analysis of TDP-43 interacting proteins reveals strong association with RNA splicing and translation machinery. Journal of proteome research 422 20020773
2015 Panorama of ancient metazoan macromolecular complexes. Nature 407 26344197
2004 The molecular mechanics of eukaryotic translation. Annual review of biochemistry 396 15189156
2015 Structure of the human 80S ribosome. Nature 380 25901680
2015 Proteome-wide profiling of protein assemblies by cross-linking mass spectrometry. Nature methods 370 26414014
2011 Acetylation regulates gluconeogenesis by promoting PEPCK1 degradation via recruiting the UBR5 ubiquitin ligase. Molecular cell 337 21726808
2010 Dynamics of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase network revealed by systematic quantitative proteomics. Cell 318 21145461
2004 Inhibition of HDM2 and activation of p53 by ribosomal protein L23. Molecular and cellular biology 307 15314174
2002 L23 protein functions as a chaperone docking site on the ribosome. Nature 282 12226666
2009 Importin 8 is a gene silencing factor that targets argonaute proteins to distinct mRNAs. Cell 281 19167051
2003 Regulated release of L13a from the 60S ribosomal subunit as a mechanism of transcript-specific translational control. Cell 276 14567916
2003 The signal recognition particle binds to protein L23 at the peptide exit of the Escherichia coli ribosome. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 129 12702815
2003 Interplay of signal recognition particle and trigger factor at L23 near the nascent chain exit site on the Escherichia coli ribosome. The Journal of cell biology 116 12756233
2013 Synaptic and intrinsic homeostatic mechanisms cooperate to increase L2/3 pyramidal neuron excitability during a late phase of critical period plasticity. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 115 23678123
2004 Ribosomal proteins S13 and L23 promote multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells by suppressing drug-induced apoptosis. Experimental cell research 97 15149863
2008 A ribosomal protein L23-nucleophosmin circuit coordinates Mizl function with cell growth. Nature cell biology 94 19160485
2008 High frequency action potential bursts (>or= 100 Hz) in L2/3 and L5B thick tufted neurons in anaesthetized and awake rat primary somatosensory cortex. The Journal of physiology 92 18483066
2005 A conserved motif is prerequisite for the interaction of NAC with ribosomal protein L23 and nascent chains. The Journal of biological chemistry 75 16316984
1981 The use of 2-iminothiolane as an RNA-protein cross-linking agent in Escherichia coli ribosomes, and the localisation on 23S RNA of sites cross-linked to proteins L4, L6, L21, L23, L27 and L29. Nucleic acids research 72 6170935
1976 Isolation of eukaryotic ribosomal proteins. Purification and characterization of the 60 S ribosomal subunit proteins L4, L5, L7, L9, L11, L12, L13, L21, L22, L23, L26, L27, L30, L33, L35', L37, and L39. The Journal of biological chemistry 70 1002715
1977 Isolation of eukaryotic ribosomal proteins. Purification and characterization of 60 S ribosomal subunit proteins L3, L6, L7', L8, L10, L15, L17, L18, L19, L23', L25, L27', L28, L29, L31, L32, L34, L35, L36, L36', and L37'. The Journal of biological chemistry 68 863909
1994 Protein substitution in chloroplast ribosome evolution. A eukaryotic cytosolic protein has replaced its organelle homologue (L23) in spinach. Journal of molecular biology 58 8021938
2008 Purification and partial characterization of novel bacteriocin L23 produced by Lactobacillus fermentum L23. Current microbiology 53 18172715
1985 The complete primary structure of ribosomal proteins L1, L14, L15, L23, L24 and L29 from Bacillus stearothermophilus. European journal of biochemistry 50 4018095
2012 Ribosomal protein L17, RpL17, is an inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle growth and carotid intima formation. Circulation 49 23065385
1995 A novel L23-related gene 40 kb downstream of the imprinted H19 gene is biallelically expressed in mid-fetal and adult human tissues. Human molecular genetics 47 8541832
1984 Structure of a protein L23-RNA complex located at the A-site domain of the ribosomal peptidyl transferase centre. Journal of molecular biology 47 6392564
2008 L2/3 interneuron groups defined by multiparameter analysis of axonal projection, dendritic geometry, and electrical excitability. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 46 18802122
1988 Organization of ribosomal protein genes rpl23, rpl2, rps19, rpl22 and rps3 on the Euglena gracilis chloroplast genome. Current genetics 46 3143485
1991 Attachment sites of primary binding proteins L1, L2 and L23 on 23 S ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli. Journal of molecular biology 43 1960726
1988 Expression of the rpl23, rpl2 and rps19 genes in spinach chloroplasts. Nucleic acids research 42 3362671
2010 Presynaptic development at L4 to l2/3 excitatory synapses follows different time courses in visual and somatosensory cortex. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 39 20861362
2000 Herpes simplex virus type 1 gene UL14: phenotype of a null mutant and identification of the encoded protein. Journal of virology 39 10590088
2017 Ribosomal protein L23 negatively regulates cellular apoptosis via the RPL23/Miz-1/c-Myc circuit in higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Scientific reports 36 28539603
2007 The UL14 tegument protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 is required for efficient nuclear transport of the alpha transinducing factor VP16 and viral capsids. Journal of virology 35 18032514
1994 The evolutionarily conserved ribosomal protein L23 and the cationic urease beta-subunit of Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 belong to the immunodominant antigens in Yersinia-triggered reactive arthritis: implications for autoimmunity. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 34 8790600
2014 JNK1 controls dendritic field size in L2/3 and L5 of the motor cortex, constrains soma size, and influences fine motor coordination. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience 33 25309320
2016 Bcp1 Is the Nuclear Chaperone of Rpl23 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The Journal of biological chemistry 31 27913624
2013 Interaction of nascent chains with the ribosomal tunnel proteins Rpl4, Rpl17, and Rpl39 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The Journal of biological chemistry 30 24072706
1993 A large deletion in the plastid DNA of the holoparasitic flowering plant Cuscuta reflexa concerning two ribosomal proteins (rpl2, rpl23), one transfer RNA (trnI) and an ORF 2280 homologue. Current genetics 29 8358824
2016 The Interaction between Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Tegument Proteins UL51 and UL14 and Its Role in Virion Morphogenesis. Journal of virology 27 27440890
2014 The beta-isoform of the BRCA2 and CDKN1A(p21)-interacting protein (BCCIP) stabilizes nuclear RPL23/uL14. FEBS letters 27 25150171
2002 Herpes simplex virus type 2 UL14 gene product has heat shock protein (HSP)-like functions. Journal of cell science 27 12045222
2021 Diversity of Receptive Fields and Sideband Inhibition with Complex Thalamocortical and Intracortical Origin in L2/3 of Mouse Primary Auditory Cortex. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 26 33593857
2016 RPL23 Links Oncogenic RAS Signaling to p53-Mediated Tumor Suppression. Cancer research 26 27402081
2003 Herpes simplex virus UL14 protein blocks apoptosis. Microbiology and immunology 26 14584616
2023 KCNQ2/3 Gain-of-Function Variants and Cell Excitability: Differential Effects in CA1 versus L2/3 Pyramidal Neurons. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 25 37607817
2022 RPL17 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Proliferation and Stemness through ERK and NEK2/β-catenin Signaling Pathways. Journal of Cancer 25 35711835
2020 Triptolide interrupts rRNA synthesis and induces the RPL23‑MDM2‑p53 pathway to repress lung cancer cells. Oncology reports 25 32236588
2001 The UL14 protein of herpes simplex virus type 2 translocates the minor capsid protein VP26 and the DNA cleavage and packaging UL33 protein into the nucleus of coexpressing cells. The Journal of general virology 24 11161269
1990 Regulation of the chicken embryonic myosin light-chain (L23) gene: existence of a common regulatory element shared by myosin alkali light-chain genes. Molecular and cellular biology 24 2342458
2019 Loss of FBXO7 results in a Parkinson's-like dopaminergic degeneration via an RPL23-MDM2-TP53 pathway. The Journal of pathology 23 31144295
2019 The signaling proteins GPR158 and RGS7 modulate excitability of L2/3 pyramidal neurons and control A-type potassium channel in the prelimbic cortex. The Journal of biological chemistry 22 31311860
2019 Nutritional status regulates algicidal activity of Aeromonas sp. L23 against cyanobacteria and green algae. PloS one 21 30861041
2013 Co-transduction of ribosomal protein L23 enhances the therapeutic efficacy of adenoviral-mediated p53 gene transfer in human gastric cancer. Oncology reports 21 23933826
2015 Reduced expression of the mouse ribosomal protein Rpl17 alters the diversity of mature ribosomes by enhancing production of shortened 5.8S rRNA. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 20 25995445
2010 Inhibition of the p53-MDM2 interaction by adenovirus delivery of ribosomal protein L23 stabilizes p53 and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer. The journal of gene medicine 20 20020415
2000 The translational apparatus of Tortula ruralis: polysomal retention of transcripts encoding the ribosomal proteins RPS14, RPS16 and RPL23 in desiccated and rehydrated gametophytes. Journal of experimental botany 20 11053454
1999 Identification and characterization of the UL14 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 2. The Journal of general virology 20 10501497
2020 Muscarinic Modulation of SK2-Type K+ Channels Promotes Intrinsic Plasticity in L2/3 Pyramidal Neurons of the Mouse Primary Somatosensory Cortex. eNeuro 19 32005752
2011 Ca L23 spectrum in amorphous and crystalline phases of calcium carbonate. The journal of physical chemistry. B 19 21861462
2010 Cytotoxic activity of acetogenins and styryl lactones isolated from Goniothalamus undulatus Ridl. root extracts against a lung cancer cell line (COR-L23). Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology 18 21112751
1994 Modification by brefeldin A, bafilomycin A1 and 7-chloro-4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD) of cellular accumulation and intracellular distribution of anthracyclines in the non-P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug-resistant cell line COR-L23/R. British journal of cancer 18 7912544
2002 The herpes simplex virus type 1 US11 protein binds the coterminal UL12, UL13, and UL14 RNAs and regulates UL13 expression in vivo. Journal of virology 17 12134014
1988 The primary structures of ribosomal proteins L16, L23 and L33 from the archaebacterium Halobacterium marismortui. FEBS letters 16 3191994
2018 GRWD1 regulates ribosomal protein L23 levels via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Journal of cell science 15 29991511
1997 Evolution of the large-subunit ribosomal RNA binding site for protein L23/25. Molecular biology and evolution 15 9159935
2022 Transcriptional changes in Plasmodium falciparum upon conditional knock down of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins RSM22 and L23. PloS one 13 36201550
2011 Herpes simplex virus type 1 UL14 tegument protein regulates intracellular compartmentalization of major tegument protein VP16. Virology journal 13 21791071
2003 NMR structure of the ribosomal protein L23 from Thermus thermophilus. Journal of biomolecular NMR 13 12766408
1988 Sequence of the gene for ribosomal protein L23 from the archaebacterium Methanococcus vannielii. FEBS letters 13 3181433
2024 U2AF2-SNORA68 promotes triple-negative breast cancer stemness through the translocation of RPL23 from nucleoplasm to nucleolus and c-Myc expression. Breast cancer research : BCR 11 38594783
2023 Mapping thalamic innervation to individual L2/3 pyramidal neurons and modeling their 'readout' of visual input. Nature neuroscience 11 36732641
2021 Ribosomal Protein L23 Drives the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Upregulating MMP9. Frontiers in oncology 11 34926291
1990 Reconstitution of Escherichia coli 50S ribosomal subunits containing puromycin-modified L23: functional consequences. Biochemistry 11 2191716
2007 Antiapoptotic activity of bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1) UL14 protein. Veterinary microbiology 9 17408888
1993 Cross-linked amino acids in the protein pairs L3-L19 and L23-L29 of Bacillus stearothermophilus ribosomes after treatment with diepoxybutane. The Journal of biological chemistry 9 8444837
1976 An investigation of the binding sites of proteins S8, L23 and L24 on the ribosomal RNAs of Escherichia coli by electron microscopy. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 9 787753
2019 The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings. Scientific reports 8 31292475
2011 Screening and identification of host factors interacting with UL14 of herpes simplex virus 1. Medical microbiology and immunology 8 21512757
1991 The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein L23. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 7 1840488
2023 Dynamic states of eIF6 and SDS variants modulate interactions with uL14 of the 60S ribosomal subunit. Nucleic acids research 6 36651285
2022 The protein encoded by the duck plague virus UL14 gene regulates virion morphogenesis and affects viral replication. Poultry science 6 35489250
2021 Analysis of segmentation ontology reveals the similarities and differences in connectivity onto L2/3 neurons in mouse V1. Scientific reports 6 33654118
2000 Disruption of the MRP-L23 gene encoding the mitochondrial ribosomal protein L23 is lethal for Kluyveromyces lactis but not for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Current genetics 6 10743564
1993 Nucleotide sequence of the genes encoding the L3, L4, and L23 equivalent ribosomal proteins from the archaebacterium Halobacterium halobium. Biochimica et biophysica acta 6 8241282
2025 CALB1 and RPL23 Are Essential for Maintaining Oocyte Quality and Function During Aging. Aging cell 5 39748132
2023 Effector protein Hcp2a of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli interacts with the endoplasmatic reticulum associated RPL23 protein of chicken DF-1 fibroblasts. Veterinary research 5 36717947
2017 The uS8, uS4, eS31, and uL14 Ribosomal Protein Genes Are Dysregulated in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Lines. BioMed research international 5 28791303
2000 Engineering of the rpl23 gene cluster to replace the plastid RNA polymerase alpha subunit with the Escherichia coli homologue. Current genetics 5 11126781
2022 Targeting RPL23 restores chemosensitivity of cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma by inhibiting EMT. Cytotechnology 4 35733701
2002 Intercellular trafficking of herpes simplex virus type 2 UL14 deletion mutant proteins. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 3 12413948
2000 Genomic organization and chromosome location of the murine Rpl23 gene. Cytogenetics and cell genetics 3 11124519
2025 Aging reduces excitatory bandwidth, alters spectral tuning curve diversity, and reduces sideband inhibition in L2/3 of primary auditory cortex. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2 40236140
2024 Study on the role of RPL23 gene in active immunity of termite Reticulitermes chinensis against Metarhizium anisopliae. Journal of invertebrate pathology 2 39448023
2015 Growth inhibitory effect of adenovirus-mediated tissue-targeted expression of ribosomal protein L23 on human colorectal carcinoma cells. Oncology reports 2 26044651
1997 Incorporation of dinitrophenyl protein L23 into totally reconstituted Escherichia coli 50 S ribosomal subunits and its localization at two sites by immune electron microscopy. The Journal of biological chemistry 2 9079702
1987 A chicken embryo-specific myosin light chain (L23) appears to be identical with one of brain myosin light chains. Journal of biochemistry 2 3325506
2025 The CYP1A1/ chimeric RNA RPL17-C18orf32 axis mediates Benzo[ghi]perylene induced-respiratory toxicity and DNA damage in vitro and in vivo. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 1 41218492
2024 An atypical form of 60S ribosomal subunit in Diamond-Blackfan anemia linked to RPL17 variants. JCI insight 1 39088281
2004 Simulation of electron energy loss near-edge structure at the Al and N K edges and Al L(23) edge in cubic aluminium nitride. Ultramicroscopy 1 15013513
2026 A transient sex-biased transcriptional program shapes early postnatal L2/3 neuron development. Biology of sex differences 0 41952201
2025 Loss of ribosomal protein uL14 enables tumor escape from T cell immunosurveillance. NAR cancer 0 40918646
2025 RPL17 regulates the progression of breast cancer accompanied by MAPK signaling activation. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) 0 41222803
2024 Corrigendum: Ribosomal protein L23 drives the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via upregulating MMP9. Frontiers in oncology 0 38525425
2024 Multiple functions of the herpesvirus UL14 gene product in viral infection. Frontiers in microbiology 0 39507342
2024 Regulation of XOR function of reduced human L2/3 pyramidal neurons. Cognitive neurodynamics 0 39712106
1982 [Latent infection of continuous L23 cells caused by the agent of scrapie]. Voprosy virusologii 0 6818770