Affinage

RND1

Rho-related GTP-binding protein Rho6 · UniProt Q92730

Length
232 aa
Mass
26.1 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
44 papers in source corpus 22 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RND1 is a constitutively GTP-bound, GTPase-inactive Rho family member that functions as a central modulator of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, RhoA signaling, and Ras-MAPK pathway activity across neuronal, vascular, and epithelial contexts. RND1 lacks intrinsic GTPase activity and disassembles actin stress fibers and focal adhesions, inducing cell rounding and loss of adhesion; it antagonizes RhoA signaling both by co-recruiting and activating p190 RhoGAP from lipid rafts via an N-terminal KERRA motif and by directly inhibiting RhoA-dependent Ca²⁺ sensitization in smooth muscle (PMID:9531558, PMID:22357615, PMID:10200428). RND1 directly binds the cytoplasmic domains of plexin receptors (Plexin-A1, -A2, -B1), where it is sufficient to trigger cytoskeletal collapse and semaphorin-independent receptor activation; through Plexin-B1 it activates the PDZ-RhoGEF/RhoA/ROCK contraction pathway and a GAP-dependent Rap1 inhibition cascade that suppresses Ras-MAPK signaling and tumor metastasis (PMID:11784792, PMID:12730235, PMID:25531777). In neurons, RND1 promotes dendritic spine formation and neurite outgrowth downstream of FGF receptor signaling, regulated by sequestration on FRS2β and release upon receptor-mediated FRS2β phosphorylation; in endothelial cells it is a direct Notch transcriptional target required for suppression of migration and sprouting angiogenesis (PMID:15738000, PMID:14657163, PMID:35102202).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 13 steps
  1. 1998 High

    Establishing that RND1 is constitutively GTP-bound with no intrinsic GTPase activity resolved how this atypical Rho protein is regulated and showed it acts as a potent inducer of actin stress fiber disassembly and cell rounding.

    Evidence Biochemical nucleotide binding/GTPase assays and overexpression in fibroblasts with morphological readouts

    PMID:9531558

    Open questions at the time
    • Post-translational regulatory mechanisms (e.g., ubiquitination, transcriptional control) not addressed
    • No structural basis for constitutive GTP binding
  2. 1999 High

    Demonstrating that recombinant RND1 specifically inhibits RhoA-dependent Ca²⁺ sensitization in smooth muscle established a direct functional antagonism between RND1 and RhoA signaling.

    Evidence Permeabilized smooth muscle strip contraction assays with recombinant prenylated RND1

    PMID:10200428

    Open questions at the time
    • Endogenous RND1 expression and function in smooth muscle not verified
    • Mechanism of RhoA inhibition (direct vs. GAP-mediated) not determined
  3. 2002 High

    Identification of RND1 as a direct binding partner and activator of Plexin-A1 revealed that RND1 operates as a co-receptor switch for semaphorin signaling, sufficient to trigger cytoskeletal collapse without ligand.

    Evidence Large-scale GTPase binding screen, growth cone collapse and axon repulsion assays in neuronal cells

    PMID:11784792

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry and regulation of RND1-plexin interaction in vivo unknown
    • Whether RND1 is required (not just sufficient) for Sema3A signaling not demonstrated
  4. 2003 High

    Showing that RND1 binds Plexin-B1 and promotes PDZ-RhoGEF recruitment and RhoA activation extended the plexin co-activation model to class B plexins and identified the downstream effector pathway.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, RhoA-GTP pull-down, ROCK inhibitor epistasis, COS-7 cell contraction assay

    PMID:12730235

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RND1 simultaneously activates both RhoA-inhibiting (p190 GAP) and RhoA-activating (PDZ-RhoGEF) arms in the same cell was unclear
  5. 2003 Medium

    Localizing endogenous RND1 to synaptosomal membranes and showing that its depletion reduces dendritic spines established a physiological neuronal function for RND1 in spine morphogenesis.

    Evidence Subcellular fractionation of brain, antisense knockdown in hippocampal neurons with morphometric analysis

    PMID:14657163

    Open questions at the time
    • Antisense approach rather than genetic knockout limits confidence
    • Downstream effectors in spine formation not identified
  6. 2005 High

    Discovery that FRS2β sequesters RND1 and that FGF receptor-mediated phosphorylation releases it to inhibit RhoA revealed how growth factor signaling dynamically regulates a constitutively active GTPase.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, phosphorylation assays, RhoA activity assays, siRNA knockdown with neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells

    PMID:15738000

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo validation of FRS2β-RND1 regulation not performed
    • Whether other RTKs similarly regulate RND1 not tested
  7. 2007 High

    Structural determination of the plexin-B1 RBD revealed the ubiquitin-like fold and mapped the shared RND1/Rac1 binding surface, providing a structural basis for how GTPases activate plexins by destabilizing RBD dimers.

    Evidence Solution NMR and 2.0 Å X-ray crystallography with in vitro binding assays

    PMID:17916560

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length plexin structure with bound RND1 not available
    • How RBD dimer destabilization propagates to the intracellular GAP domain unknown
  8. 2011 High

    Crystal structures of the Plexin-A2 RBD–RND1 complex and mutagenesis of plexin-C1/-D1 defined the molecular determinants of RND1 selectivity among plexin subfamilies.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography, isothermal titration calorimetry, and gain-of-function mutagenesis

    PMID:21610070

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequences of engineering RND1 binding into plexin-C1/-D1 not tested in cells
  9. 2012 High

    Identification of the N-terminal KERRA motif as a lipid raft targeting signal that is required for p190 RhoGAP co-recruitment and activation resolved how RND1 (but not RND2) inhibits RhoA from specific membrane compartments.

    Evidence Domain swap/mutation analysis, lipid raft fractionation, p190 RhoGAP activation assay

    PMID:22357615

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether lipid raft localization also affects plexin-dependent functions not tested
  10. 2014 High

    Demonstrating that RND1 suppresses Ras-MAPK signaling via Plexin-B1 GAP → Rap1 inhibition → p120 Ras-GAP derepression, and that RND1 loss drives EMT and metastasis, established RND1 as a tumor suppressor operating through a plexin-Ras signaling axis.

    Evidence siRNA epistasis with Rap1 and p120 Ras-GAP, RhoA/Ras activity assays, mouse xenograft metastasis models

    PMID:25531777

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RND1 genomic loss is a common event across cancer types beyond those tested
    • Relative contribution of RhoA inhibition vs. Ras inhibition to tumor suppression unclear
  11. 2018 Medium

    Showing that topoisomerase I cleavage complex–PARP-1 signaling rapidly induces RND1 transcription, and that RND1 in turn stabilizes PARP-1 and confers resistance to camptothecin, identified a DNA damage–RND1 regulatory loop.

    Evidence RT-PCR, mRNA stability assays, PARP-1 inhibitor treatment, overexpression/knockdown apoptosis assays

    PMID:30209297

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of RND1-mediated PARP-1 stabilization not defined
    • In vivo relevance for chemoresistance not demonstrated
  12. 2019 Medium

    Finding that RND1 is induced by mechanical stretch in cardiomyocytes and interacts with Myozap to activate RhoA-SRF signaling expanded RND1's role to cardiac mechano-transduction, revealing context-dependent activation rather than inhibition of RhoA.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, SRF reporter assay, overexpression in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes

    PMID:30797814

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo cardiac phenotype of RND1 loss not tested
    • How Myozap switches RND1 from RhoA inhibition to activation not explained
  13. 2022 Medium

    Three independent studies expanded RND1's biological roles: as a direct Notch target suppressing endothelial migration and angiogenesis, as a p53 stabilizer inducing ferroptosis in glioblastoma, and as an innate immune modulator inhibiting viral entry while promoting pro-inflammatory cytokine production via Plexin-B1.

    Evidence RNA-seq with Notch activation and RND1 knockdown in endothelial cells; co-IP/ubiquitination assays with p53 in GBM cells; viral infection and cytokine assays with RND1 knockdown/overexpression

    PMID:35102202 PMID:35505371 PMID:35654795

    Open questions at the time
    • Ferroptosis mechanism is from a single lab and awaits independent confirmation
    • Whether Notch–RND1 axis operates in non-endothelial contexts unknown
    • Antiviral mechanism through calcium/RhoA inhibition needs in vivo validation

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include how RND1's opposing effects on RhoA (inhibition via p190 RhoGAP vs. activation via PDZ-RhoGEF/Myozap) are spatiotemporally partitioned, whether RND1 is regulated by ubiquitin-mediated degradation or other post-translational mechanisms in vivo, and how RND1 protein levels are controlled in tissues where it acts as a tumor suppressor.
  • No conditional knockout mouse model phenotyped
  • No structural model of full-length plexin with RND1 bound
  • Regulation of RND1 protein turnover poorly characterized

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 3
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 6 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 3 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3
Partners
ARHGAP35FRS2MYOZAPPLXNA1PLXNA2PLXNB1STIP1UNC5B

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1998 Rnd1 is constitutively GTP-bound due to low affinity for GDP, rapid spontaneous nucleotide exchange, and lack of intrinsic GTPase activity. Expression of Rnd1 in fibroblasts induces disassembly of actin stress fibers, membrane ruffles, and integrin-based focal adhesions, leading to cell rounding and loss of cell-substrate adhesion. Biochemical nucleotide binding assays, GTPase activity assays, overexpression in fibroblasts with morphological readouts, subcellular fractionation/immunolocalization The Journal of cell biology High 9531558
1999 Recombinant prenylated Rnd1 dose-dependently inhibits carbachol- and GTPgammaS-induced Ca2+ sensitization in smooth muscle by specifically interfering with a RhoA-dependent mechanism, without affecting basal Ca2+-tension relationships or myosin light chain phosphatase inhibition-induced tension. Permeabilized smooth muscle strip contraction assay, recombinant protein application, pharmacological dissection The Journal of physiology High 10200428
2000 Rnd1 directly interacts with the adapter protein Grb7 via the switch II loop of Rnd1 and the SH2 domain of Grb7, as demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid, in vitro binding assays, and pull-down from SK-BR3 breast cancer cell lysate. Yeast two-hybrid, in vitro pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation from cell lysate FEBS letters Medium 10664463
2000 Expression of Rnd1 in PC12 cells induces formation of neuritic processes accompanied by disruption of cortical actin filaments; this process formation is inhibited by dominant-negative Rac1, placing Rnd1 upstream of Rac in neuritic process formation. Overexpression in PC12 cells, cytochalasin D treatment, dominant-negative Rac1 epistasis Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 11095956
2002 Rnd1 (and RhoD) directly binds the cytoplasmic domain of Plexin-A1; active Rnd1 is sufficient to trigger Plexin-A1 signaling and cytoskeletal collapse even without Sema3A ligand, while RhoD antagonizes Rnd1-mediated Plexin-A1 activation and blocks Sema3A-induced axon repulsion. Direct binding assays (large GTPase panel screen), overexpression/co-expression in neuronal cells, growth cone collapse assay, axon repulsion assay The Journal of neuroscience High 11784792
2003 Rnd1 directly interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of Plexin-B1; co-expression of Rnd1 with Plexin-B1 induces Sema4D-dependent cell contraction via the PDZ-RhoGEF/RhoA/ROCK pathway. Rnd1 promotes the interaction between Plexin-B1 and PDZ-RhoGEF and potentiates Plexin-B1-mediated RhoA activation. Co-immunoprecipitation, dominant-negative RhoA, ROCK inhibitor, deletion mutants of Plexin-B1, RhoA activation assay (GST-pulldown of GTP-RhoA), COS-7 cell contraction assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 12730235
2003 Rnd1 is localized to synaptosomal membrane fractions in brain and promotes dendritic spine elongation when overexpressed; suppression of endogenous Rnd1 by antisense oligonucleotides reduces spine number, spine width, and increases headless protrusions in hippocampal neurons. Subcellular fractionation, Northern blot, in situ hybridization, overexpression and antisense knockdown in cultured hippocampal neurons with morphological readouts The Journal of neuroscience Medium 14657163
2005 Rnd1 directly associates with FRS2alpha and FRS2beta (FGF receptor docking proteins); FRS2beta binding suppresses Rnd1's inhibitory effect on RhoA. FGF receptor 1 activation phosphorylates FRS2beta, recruits Shp2, and releases Rnd1 from FRS2beta, allowing free Rnd1 to inhibit RhoA. Knockdown of Rnd1 by siRNA suppresses FGF-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro pull-down, phosphorylation assays, RhoA activity assays, siRNA knockdown, neurite outgrowth assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 15738000
2006 Rnd1 is required for neuronal activity-dependent dendritic development in hippocampal neurons; RNAi knockdown of Rnd1 inhibits dendritic growth and branching, and this effect is rescued by inhibition of ROCK (RhoA effector), placing Rnd1 as an antagonist of the RhoA-ROCK pathway in dendritic development. RNA interference, overexpression, ROCK inhibitor epistasis, BDNF stimulation, dendritic morphology quantification Neuroscience letters Medium 16530331
2007 Rac1, Rnd1, and RhoD all bind the same region (beta-strands 3-4 and a short alpha-helical segment) of the plexin-B1 Rho GTPase binding domain (RBD), which adopts a ubiquitin-like fold. GTPase binding destabilizes the RBD homodimer, suggesting a model for receptor activation by monomerization. Solution NMR spectroscopy, 2.0 Å X-ray crystallography, in vitro binding assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 17916560
2009 Rnd1 physically interacts with Unc5B (a Netrin receptor) and functionally cooperates with the FLRT3-Unc5B complex to modulate cell deadhesion; Rnd1 mediates FLRT3 deadhesion activity in Xenopus embryos. Expression screen, co-immunoprecipitation, overexpression phenotype in Xenopus embryos, morpholino knockdown PloS one Medium 19492039
2009 Thermodynamic characterization reveals that Rnd1 and Rac1 bind the plexin-B1 RBD with similar affinities but with different thermodynamic signatures: Rac1 binding induces rigidification of the complex while Rnd1 binding is consistent with unchanged or increased flexibility, suggesting distinct downstream signaling mechanisms. Isothermal titration calorimetry at multiple temperatures/conditions, thermodynamic analysis Protein science Medium 19388051
2011 Crystal structures of the plexin-A2 RBD in complex with Rnd1 and of plexin-C1 and -D1 RBDs alone reveal that the RBD beta3-beta4 loop in plexin-A2 and -B1 adjusts conformation to allow Rnd1 binding, while plexin-C1 and -D1 lack key non-polar residues at this surface; introduction of these residues by mutagenesis generates Rnd1-binding affinity in plexin-C1/-D1. X-ray crystallography, isothermal titration calorimetry, site-directed mutagenesis The Journal of biological chemistry High 21610070
2012 Rnd1 and Rnd3 (but not Rnd2) contain an N-terminal KERRA sequence that targets them to lipid rafts; this lipid raft targeting is required for co-recruitment and activation of p190 RhoGAP in cells, explaining the functional difference among Rnd family members in RhoA inhibition signaling. Domain swap/mutation analysis, lipid raft fractionation, p190 RhoGAP activation assay, co-localization studies Molecular biology of the cell High 22357615
2014 Rnd1 suppresses Ras-MAPK signaling by activating the GAP domain of Plexin-B1, which inhibits Rap1; Rap1 inhibition derepresses p120 Ras-GAP to inhibit Ras. Rnd1 depletion in mammary epithelial cells induces EMT, and Rnd1 expression inhibits tumor metastasis in mouse models. siRNA knockdown, epistasis experiments with Rap1 and p120 Ras-GAP, RhoA/Ras activity assays, mouse xenograft models, genomic analysis Nature cell biology High 25531777
2014 STI1 (stress-inducible protein 1) directly interacts with Rnd1 specifically (not Rnd2 or Rnd3), and overexpression of STI1 prevents Rnd1-PlexinA1-mediated cytoskeletal collapse in COS cells and enhances neurite outgrowth initiated by Rnd1 in PC12 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, COS collapse assay, PC12 neurite outgrowth assay, specificity controls with Rnd2/Rnd3 Experimental cell research Medium 24690281
2019 Rnd1 is induced by mechanical stretch and hypertrophic stimuli in cardiomyocytes; it interacts with Myozap (an intercalated disc protein identified by yeast two-hybrid and co-IP) and promotes RhoA-mediated SRF signaling, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and cell proliferation. Microarray, overexpression in NRVCMs, yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, Ki67/EdU proliferation assays, SRF reporter assay Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology Medium 30797814
2022 RND1 interacts with p53, promotes p53 de-ubiquitination, and activates the p53-SLC7A11 signaling pathway to induce lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in glioblastoma cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assays, luciferase reporter assays, lipid ROS/peroxidation assays, cell viability assays, GBM xenograft model Cell & bioscience Medium 35505371
2022 RND1 is a direct transcriptional target of endothelial Notch signaling (rapidly induced within 1.5-6 h of Notch activation); RND1 is required for Notch-mediated suppression of endothelial migration, sprouting angiogenesis, and Ras activity. Transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq), ligand-specific and EGTA-induced Notch activation, RND1 knockdown with migration and sprouting assays, Ras activity assay Scientific reports Medium 35102202
2022 Rnd1 inhibits virus internalization by counteracting intracellular calcium fluctuations through inhibition of RhoA activation; Rnd1 also facilitates IL-6 and TNF-α production through Plexin-B1, providing protection against intracellular bacterial infections. Knockdown and overexpression in cell lines, viral infection assays, calcium measurements, cytokine ELISA, Plexin-B1 interaction studies Cell death & disease Medium 35654795
2021 MD simulations show that RND1 reinforces the plexin dimerization interface (activating plexin signaling) while RhoD destabilizes it, due to differential interactions with the inner leaflet of the cell membrane; this antithetic effect is mediated by an allosteric network through the RBD, RBD linkers, and a buttress segment. Molecular dynamics simulations (computational), comparison with experimental binding data eLife Low 34114565
2018 RND1 transcription is rapidly induced by camptothecin-stabilized topoisomerase I cleavage complexes (TOP1cc) via PARP-1 activity; RND1 also increases PARP-1 levels (cross-talk), and RND1 overexpression protects cells from camptothecin-induced apoptosis, promoting cellular resistance. RT-PCR, mRNA stability assays, PARP-1 inhibitor treatment, RND1 overexpression/knockdown, apoptosis assays, luciferase reporter Cell death & disease Medium 30209297

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 44 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1998 A new member of the Rho family, Rnd1, promotes disassembly of actin filament structures and loss of cell adhesion. The Journal of cell biology 297 9531558
2002 Antagonistic effects of Rnd1 and RhoD GTPases regulate receptor activity in Semaphorin 3A-induced cytoskeletal collapse. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 139 11784792
1995 The Rho's progress: a potential role during neuritogenesis for the Rho family of GTPases. Trends in neurosciences 122 8592759
2007 Binding of Rac1, Rnd1, and RhoD to a novel Rho GTPase interaction motif destabilizes dimerization of the plexin-B1 effector domain. The Journal of biological chemistry 113 17916560
2003 Direct interaction of Rnd1 with Plexin-B1 regulates PDZ-RhoGEF-mediated Rho activation by Plexin-B1 and induces cell contraction in COS-7 cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 106 12730235
2014 The Rho GTPase Rnd1 suppresses mammary tumorigenesis and EMT by restraining Ras-MAPK signalling. Nature cell biology 99 25531777
2000 Plant GTPases: the Rhos in bloom. Trends in cell biology 69 10740268
2003 A role of Rnd1 GTPase in dendritic spine formation in hippocampal neurons. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 66 14657163
1999 The Rho-related protein Rnd1 inhibits Ca2+ sensitization of rat smooth muscle. The Journal of physiology 59 10200428
2005 Direct interaction of Rnd1 with FRS2 beta regulates Rnd1-induced down-regulation of RhoA activity and is involved in fibroblast growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 48 15738000
2009 Unc5B interacts with FLRT3 and Rnd1 to modulate cell adhesion in Xenopus embryos. PloS one 47 19492039
2011 Structural basis of Rnd1 binding to plexin Rho GTPase binding domains (RBDs). The Journal of biological chemistry 35 21610070
2000 Rnd1, a novel rho family GTPase, induces the formation of neuritic processes in PC12 cells. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 35 11095956
2012 Rnd1 and Rnd3 targeting to lipid raft is required for p190 RhoGAP activation. Molecular biology of the cell 34 22357615
2009 Thermodynamic characterization of two homologous protein complexes: associations of the semaphorin receptor plexin-B1 RhoGTPase binding domain with Rnd1 and active Rac1. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 29 19388051
2022 Rho family GTPase 1 (RND1), a novel regulator of p53, enhances ferroptosis in glioblastoma. Cell & bioscience 25 35505371
2000 Interaction of the Grb7 adapter protein with Rnd1, a new member of the Rho family. FEBS letters 24 10664463
2022 Endothelial Notch signaling directly regulates the small GTPase RND1 to facilitate Notch suppression of endothelial migration. Scientific reports 23 35102202
2014 Overexpression of Oct4 suppresses the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells via Rnd1 downregulation. Biochimica et biophysica acta 23 25068817
2017 Molecular Dynamics Simulations Reveal Isoform Specific Contact Dynamics between the Plexin Rho GTPase Binding Domain (RBD) and Small Rho GTPases Rac1 and Rnd1. The journal of physical chemistry. B 22 28103666
2018 The Rho GTPase Rnd1 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma and is a favorable anti-metastasis target. Cell death & disease 21 29706627
2006 Small GTPase Rnd1 is involved in neuronal activity-dependent dendritic development in hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience letters 19 16530331
2003 Up-regulation of Rnd1 during pregnancy serves as a negative-feedback control for Ca2+ sensitization of contractile elements in rat myometrium. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 18 14623277
2018 Emerging roles of ADP-ribosyl-acceptor hydrolases (ARHs) in tumorigenesis and cell death pathways. Biochemical pharmacology 17 30267646
2014 STI1 antagonizes cytoskeleton collapse mediated by small GTPase Rnd1 and regulates neurite growth. Experimental cell research 17 24690281
2009 Xenopus Rnd1 and Rnd3 GTP-binding proteins are expressed under the control of segmentation clock and required for somite formation. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 16 19795516
2019 Rho-family GTPase 1 (Rnd1) is a biomechanical stress-sensitive activator of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 15 30797814
2019 The RND1 Small GTPase: Main Functions and Emerging Role in Oncogenesis. International journal of molecular sciences 15 31344837
2011 Rhos and Rho kinases in the rat prostate: their possible functional roles and distributions. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 14 21720764
2020 Full recombinant flagellin B from Vibrio anguillarum (rFLA) and its recombinant D1 domain (rND1) promote a pro-inflammatory state and improve vaccination against P. salmonis in Atlantic salmon (S. salar). Developmental and comparative immunology 11 33359361
2010 A novel testis-specific GTPase serves as a link to proteasome biogenesis: functional characterization of RhoS/RSA-14-44 in spermatogenesis. Molecular biology of the cell 10 20980621
2018 PARP-1-dependent RND1 transcription induced by topoisomerase I cleavage complexes confers cellular resistance to camptothecin. Cell death & disease 9 30209297
2015 RND1 is up-regulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and promotes the growth and migration of cancer cells. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 9 26250459
2022 Essential role of Rnd1 in innate immunity during viral and bacterial infections. Cell death & disease 8 35654795
2021 A putative structural mechanism underlying the antithetic effect of homologous RND1 and RhoD GTPases in mammalian plexin regulation. eLife 8 34114565
2006 Pathogens reWritE Rho's rules. Cell 6 16413475
2024 RND1 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and temozolomide resistance of glioblastoma via AKT/GSK3-β pathway. Cancer biology & therapy 5 38444223
2022 MiR-4652-5p Targets RND1 to Regulate Cell Adhesion and Promote Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 3 35334070
2012 Backbone assignment and secondary structure of Rnd1, an unusual Rho family small GTPase. Biomolecular NMR assignments 3 22618864
2011 Optimization and stabilization of Rho small GTPase proteins for solution NMR studies: The case of Rnd1. Small GTPases 3 22545226
2025 RND1 Induces Ferroptosis to Alleviate Inflammatory Response, Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration of Rheumatoid Synoviocytes. Journal of inflammation research 2 40008082
2024 FOXA2 Activates RND1 to Regulate Arachidonic Acid Metabolism Pathway and Suppress Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The clinical respiratory journal 1 39129202
2025 Transcriptomic analysis reveals Rnd1 to be a key player in antiviral immunity against Akabane virus via the TNF-α pathway. Archives of virology 0 41313489
2024 Corrigendum to "SEMA4D acts as a novel oligogenic pathogenic gene of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism through the PlexinB1/MET/RND1/RHOA/RAF1/MAPK signaling axis" [Genes & Diseases 10 (2023) 65-68]. Genes & diseases 0 38742143