Affinage

P2RX2

P2X purinoceptor 2 · UniProt Q9UBL9

Length
471 aa
Mass
51.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 39 papers cited in narrative 40 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/8 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

P2X2 (P2RX2) is an ATP-gated non-selective cation channel that mediates fast purinergic signaling in sensory, enteric, and central neurons as well as cochlear epithelia (PMID:7566120, PMID:12937291). The functional receptor is a trimer, assembling as a homotrimer or, by co-assembly with other P2X subunits, as heteromeric channels with distinct pharmacology and ion permeation—including a 1P2X2:2P2X3 channel that reconstitutes the ATP currents of native sensory neurons and a 2P2X2:1P2X6 channel (PMID:7566120, PMID:9254665, PMID:15313628, PMID:16840712, PMID:22378790). ATP binds at intersubunit pockets formed by N140 and L186 contributed by adjacent subunits within the extracellular domain (PMID:9398614, PMID:21576497); binding disrupts a closed-state Glu167/Arg290 salt bridge, with Arg290 then coordinating ATP to promote gating (PMID:23041661), and channel opening proceeds through the second transmembrane segment, where TM2 residues including Thr339 line the permeation pathway and define the gate (PMID:18032665, PMID:19906973). Homomeric P2X2 is notably Ca2+-permeable and exhibits an activation-dependent dilation to a large-cation/dye-permeant pore (PMID:9625864, PMID:23345450). Channel behavior is shaped post-translationally: PKA phosphorylation of Ser431 reduces current (PMID:9603227), C-terminal phosphoinositides binding Lys365/Lys369 control desensitization and pore dilation (PMID:16857707), alternative C-terminal splicing (with Val370/Lys369 as key determinants) sets desensitization rate (PMID:9271346, PMID:10517803), and intersubunit His120/His213 pairs mediate Zn2+/Cu2+ potentiation (PMID:10322050, PMID:15899882). Surface expression and lateral mobility are governed by N-linked glycosylation and by the neuronal calcium sensor VILIP1, whose activation/Ca2+-dependent association tunes ATP sensitivity and trafficking (PMID:9778359, PMID:18922787, PMID:22090499). Physiologically, P2X2 drives ATP-mediated fast excitatory transmission in myenteric neurons and bladder/sensory afferents, cochlear endolymphatic ion transport and noise protection, spermatozoa cation currents, enteric glial p38 MAPK–dependent gliosis, and prefrontal-cortex stress vulnerability (PMID:12937291, PMID:15961431, PMID:12858039, PMID:21831833, PMID:33332729, PMID:35664080). A dominant-negative P2RX2 missense mutation that abolishes ATP-gated current and macropore function causes autosomal dominant progressive sensorineural hearing loss, recapitulated by P2RX2-null mice (PMID:23345450).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 25 steps
  1. 1995 High

    Established that P2X2 does not act alone but co-assembles with P2X3 to generate a channel reproducing native sensory-neuron ATP currents, answering why recombinant homomers failed to match physiology.

    Evidence Co-expression of P2X2 and P2X3 in Xenopus oocytes with electrophysiology

    PMID:7566120

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry of the heteromer not determined
    • Direct physical association not yet shown biochemically
  2. 1997 High

    Confirmed direct physical co-assembly of P2X2 and P2X3 subunits, converting the functional inference into a biochemically demonstrated heteromer.

    Evidence Cross-immunoprecipitation of epitope-tagged subunits in Sf9 cells with whole-cell patch clamp

    PMID:9254665

    Open questions at the time
    • Subunit ratio not established
    • Native heteromer composition in neurons not directly confirmed
  3. 1997 Medium

    Localized ATP binding and identified the C-terminus as the desensitization controller, separating ligand recognition (ECD) from kinetic regulation (intracellular tail).

    Evidence Recombinant ECD ATP UV-crosslinking with antagonist competition; cerebellar splice-variant cloning and oocyte expression

    PMID:9271346 PMID:9398614

    Open questions at the time
    • Isolated ECD may not recapitulate native binding pocket geometry
    • Exact ECD residues contacting ATP not yet mapped
  4. 1998 High

    Defined surface-trafficking and post-translational control of the channel, showing glycosylation is required for surface expression and PKA phosphorylation of Ser431 down-modulates current.

    Evidence Mutagenesis of N182/N239/N298 with surface labeling; S431C mutation with PKA/8-Br-cAMP perfusion in HEK-293 cells

    PMID:9603227 PMID:9778359

    Open questions at the time
    • Kinase coupling and physiological trigger for Ser431 phosphorylation in neurons not defined
    • Glycan structural requirement vs simple folding role unresolved
  5. 1998 High

    Quantified ion permeation, establishing high Ca2+ permeability of homomeric P2X2 and subunit-dependent Ca2+ block matching native nodose neurons.

    Evidence Whole-cell reversal-potential measurements in HEK-293 and rat nodose neurons with ion substitution

    PMID:9625864

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of Ca2+ selectivity not mapped
  6. 1999 High

    Pinpointed C-terminal residues (Val370, Lys365/Lys369) governing desensitization kinetics, providing a molecular mechanism for splice-variant differences.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis, truncation, and peptide injection in oocytes; expression of P2X2b in GT1/HEK293 cells

    PMID:10517803 PMID:9658396

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the intracellular hydrophobic partner for Val370 unknown
  7. 1999 High

    Defined trace-metal modulation (Zn2+/Cu2+ potentiation) of P2X2, distinguishing it pharmacologically from P2X4.

    Evidence Two-electrode voltage clamp concentration-response analysis in oocytes

    PMID:10322050

    Open questions at the time
    • Binding site not yet localized at this stage
    • Physiological relevance of Cu2+/Zn2+ modulation in vivo not established
  8. 1999 High

    Connected P2X2 to cochlear physiology by localizing it to hair-cell stereocilia and synaptic junctions, implicating it in endolymphatic ATP signaling.

    Evidence RT-PCR, hair-cell voltage clamp, immunohistochemistry and immunoEM in cochlea

    PMID:10493739

    Open questions at the time
    • Causal role in hearing not yet tested genetically
    • Functional output of stereociliary receptors unresolved
  9. 2001 Medium

    Linked P2X2 to functional cochlear/vestibular ion transport and showed expression is adaptively up-regulated by acoustic trauma.

    Evidence Vibrating-probe transepithelial current with P2X/P2Y pharmacology; noise exposure with RT-PCR, western, immunofluorescence, OHC voltage clamp

    PMID:11717350 PMID:12858039

    Open questions at the time
    • Receptor identity inferred pharmacologically, not by genetic deletion in these assays
    • Signal driving noise-induced upregulation unknown
  10. 2004 High

    Established trimeric architecture as the structural hallmark of functional P2X channels and defined a density-dependent pore property controlled by Ile328.

    Evidence Cross-linking/PAGE stoichiometry; oocyte expression with varied cRNA and I328 mutagenesis

    PMID:15107474 PMID:15313628

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological setting where expression density alters pore properties unclear
  11. 2004 High

    Revealed functional cross-talk between P2X2 and GABA-A receptors, mapping cross-inhibition and co-clustering to specific intracellular domains.

    Evidence Co-expression in oocytes and hippocampal neurons, minigene dominant-negatives, imaging

    PMID:15456793

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct physical interaction vs functional coupling not fully distinguished
    • Endogenous neuronal relevance not quantified
  12. 2005 High

    Defined the intersubunit Zn2+ site (His120/His213 from adjacent subunits) and confirmed 1P2X2:2P2X3 heteromer stoichiometry, anchoring the trimer's functional interfaces.

    Evidence Mixed-subunit and concatamer expression, disulfide trapping; lysine-mutant rescue in HEK cells

    PMID:15899882 PMID:16840712

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether multiple metal sites coexist not resolved
    • Heteromer stoichiometry in native tissue confirmed only indirectly
  13. 2005 High

    Demonstrated activation-dependent receptor redistribution/clustering and identified Fe65 as a C-terminal interactor regulating ionic selectivity, expanding regulatory partners.

    Evidence Live imaging of P2X2-GFP with electrophysiology and T18A mutant; Y2H, GST pulldown, co-IP from brain, immunoEM

    PMID:11296257 PMID:16330549

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional significance of Fe65 binding in vivo unclear
    • Mechanism coupling activation to redistribution not defined
  14. 2005 High

    Provided the first direct structural visualization of the trimeric P2X2 receptor as an inverted pyramid with crown-shaped ECD.

    Evidence Affinity-purified P2X2 with cross-linking and negative-stain EM single-particle averaging

    PMID:16219297

    Open questions at the time
    • Low resolution; no atomic model from this study
    • Conformational states not resolved
  15. 2005 High

    Established P2X2's role in vivo in fast enteric and visceral sensory transmission using knockout mice, linking the channel to peristalsis, bladder reflexes, and pain.

    Evidence P2X2 and P2X2/3 knockout mice with ganglion electrophysiology, cystometry, motility, and behavioral pain assays

    PMID:12937291 PMID:15961431

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of homomeric vs heteromeric channels in each tissue not dissected
  16. 2006 High

    Identified membrane phosphoinositides as direct regulators of desensitization and pore dilation via C-terminal Lys365/Lys369.

    Evidence Oocyte electrophysiology with PI3K inhibition, K365Q/K369Q mutagenesis, GST-fusion lipid binding, COS-7 imaging

    PMID:16857707

    Open questions at the time
    • Which endogenous lipid species dominates regulation in neurons unclear
  17. 2007 High

    Assigned a gating role to TM2 by showing the Thr339Ser mutation causes constitutive opening rescuable by K308A, separating gating from ATP binding.

    Evidence Single-channel and whole-cell recording in HEK-293 with double/single mutagenesis and antagonist testing

    PMID:18032665

    Open questions at the time
    • Detailed gate motion not directly visualized
  18. 2009 High

    Mapped TM2 vestibule and permeation-pathway residues (Asn333, Asp349, Thr336/Thr339/Ser340) and showed P2X2 (but not P2X3) C-terminus binds phosphoinositides, extending lipid regulation to heteromers.

    Evidence Systematic TM2 mutagenesis with MTSEA in HEK cells; GST-fusion lipid binding and DRG/oocyte electrophysiology with PI3K/PI4K inhibition

    PMID:19671169 PMID:19906973

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural model relied on related P2X4 crystal structure rather than P2X2 itself
  19. 2011 High

    Established VILIP1 as a calcium-sensor regulator of P2X2 surface expression and lateral mobility, and demonstrated microtubule dependence of the macropore but not the ion-channel function.

    Evidence Single-molecule quantum-dot imaging with electrophysiology; colchicine treatment with Yo-Pro-1 uptake assays

    PMID:21306580 PMID:22090499

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism linking microtubules to macropore formation unknown
  20. 2011 High

    Extended heteromerization to P2X2/5 with P2X7-like pore dilation/blebbing and defined P2X2's role in spermatozoa, broadening physiological scope.

    Evidence BRET/BiFC and biochemistry for P2X2/5 assembly; P2rx2-/- mouse spermatozoa patch clamp

    PMID:21831833 PMID:22090499

    Open questions at the time
    • P2X2/5 native expression sites not established
    • Mechanism of sperm fertility reduction not defined
  21. 2011 High

    Localized the ATP-binding pocket to the intersubunit interface (Asn140 and Leu186 from adjacent subunits) using chemical tethering.

    Evidence NCS-ATP proximity tethering with single-cysteine mutagenesis and recording in HEK cells, homology modeling

    PMID:21576497

    Open questions at the time
    • Conformational coupling from binding to gate not directly observed
  22. 2012 High

    Resolved the conformational logic of gating—Glu167/Arg290 salt bridge breaks on ATP binding—and established subunit ratios of P2X2/3 (1:2) and P2X2/6 (2:1) heteromers.

    Evidence Charge-reversal mutagenesis, mutant-cycle analysis, disulfide trapping; WT/mutant co-expression in HEK and oocytes with biochemistry

    PMID:22378790 PMID:23041661

    Open questions at the time
    • Full open-state structure not determined at this stage
  23. 2013 High

    Identified P2RX2 as a Mendelian deafness gene, with a dominant-negative p.V60L mutation abolishing both ion current and macropore function and recapitulated by null mice.

    Evidence Human linkage with functional expression (electrophysiology, FM1-43 dye uptake) and P2RX2 knockout mice with audiology

    PMID:23345450

    Open questions at the time
    • Which cochlear cell type's P2X2 loss drives hearing loss not pinpointed
  24. 2020 High

    Defined a non-neuronal disease mechanism whereby ATP activation of P2X2 on enteric glia drives p38 MAPK–dependent gliosis and dysmotility in postoperative ileus.

    Evidence Pharmacological and genetic depletion in murine and human EGCs, p38 pathway and cytokine analysis, motility assays

    PMID:33332729

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether glial P2X2 is homomeric or heteromeric not determined
    • Coupling of cation flux to p38 activation not mechanistically detailed
  25. 2022 High

    Implicated prefrontal-cortex P2X2 in stress-induced depressive vulnerability through bidirectional genetic manipulation.

    Evidence Pyramidal-neuron conditional knockout and AAV overexpression in chronic social defeat stress with fiber-photometry and electrophysiology

    PMID:35664080

    Open questions at the time
    • ATP source and circuit-level signaling driving the phenotype unresolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How the discrete regulatory inputs (PIP/PKA/VILIP1/metals/heteromerization) are integrated in specific native cell types to set physiological output, and the high-resolution structural basis of P2X2 pore dilation, remain unresolved.
  • No high-resolution P2X2-specific structure in defined gating states in the corpus
  • Cell-type-specific subunit composition in vivo not mapped
  • Mechanism converting macropore/ion flux into downstream signaling (e.g., p38) unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005215 transporter activity 4 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 3 GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 4 GO:0005929 cilium 2
Pathway
R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 3 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-382551 Transport of small molecules 2
Partners
FE65GABRBP2RX3P2RX5P2RX6VILIP1
Complex memberships
P2X2 homotrimerP2X2/P2X3 heterotrimer (1:2)P2X2/P2X5 heteromerP2X2/P2X6 heterotrimer (2:1)

Evidence

Reading pass · 40 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1995 Co-expression of P2X2 and P2X3 subunits in Xenopus oocytes produced ATP-gated currents that closely resembled those in sensory neurons; these properties could not be accounted for by addition of the two homomeric channels, indicating that P2X2 and P2X3 subunits heteropolymerize to form a new channel with distinct properties. Heterologous co-expression in Xenopus oocytes, electrophysiology Nature High 7566120
1997 P2X2 and P2X3 subunits were directly shown to co-assemble into heteromeric channels by cross-immunoprecipitation of epitope-tagged subunits expressed via baculovirus in insect cells; co-infected cells showed ATP-evoked currents with agonist sensitivity and desensitization distinct from either homomer. Baculovirus expression in Sf9 insect cells, cross-immunoprecipitation with epitope tags, whole-cell patch clamp The Journal of Neuroscience High 9254665
1997 Three splice variants of the P2X2 receptor were isolated from rat cerebellum; only the P2X2(b) variant (with a 69-amino acid C-terminal deletion) formed functional homomeric channels in oocytes and showed faster desensitization compared to P2X2(a), indicating that the C-terminal serine/proline-rich region regulates desensitization kinetics. cDNA cloning from rat cerebellum, heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes and mammalian cells, two-electrode voltage clamp, in situ hybridization Molecular Pharmacology High 9271346
1997 Extracellular acidification (lowered pH) enhanced the activity of all agonists at the recombinant P2X2 receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes (~5-fold increase in ATP affinity at pH 6.5, apparent pKa ~7.05), consistent with protonation of the receptor itself rather than the agonist, while only suramin antagonism was significantly affected by pH. Two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes expressing recombinant P2X2, systematic pH variation with agonist and antagonist concentration-response curves British Journal of Pharmacology High 9257926
1997 The putative extracellular domain (ECD) of P2X2 expressed as a recombinant protein bound [α-32P]ATP specifically and competably by antagonists suramin and cibacron blue, indicating that the extracellular domain contains the ATP-binding site. Bacterial expression, metal-affinity purification, UV-crosslinking with [α-32P]ATP, gel filtration / analytical ultracentrifugation Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Medium 9398614
1998 N-linked glycosylation at three asparagine residues (N182, N239, N298) in the extracellular domain of P2X2 is essential for cell-surface expression; tunicamycin treatment or mutagenesis of all three sites abolished ATP responses and caused intracellular retention of the non-glycosylated receptor. Stable HEK-293 transfection, tunicamycin treatment, site-directed mutagenesis, cell-surface biotin labeling, indirect immunofluorescence Biochemistry High 9778359
1998 PKA phosphorylation of Ser431 in the intracellular C-terminus of rat P2X2 reduces ATP-activated current amplitude; site-directed S431C mutation abolished the current reduction induced by 8-bromo-cAMP or purified PKA catalytic subunit without affecting inactivation kinetics or reversal potential. Whole-cell voltage clamp of stably transfected HEK-293 cells, intracellular perfusion of 8-bromo-cAMP and PKA, site-directed mutagenesis Journal of Neurochemistry High 9603227
1998 The P2X2 splice variant P2X2-2 (P2X2b), lacking the Val370-Gln438 C-terminal sequence, desensitizes rapidly and completely compared to the slowly desensitizing wild-type channel when expressed in anterior pituitary GT1 or HEK293 cells, demonstrating that the C-terminal domain controls desensitization rate. Expression in GT1 and HEK293 cells, single-cell Ca2+ imaging, whole-cell patch clamp, RT-PCR from enriched pituitary cell fractions Molecular Endocrinology High 9658396
1998 Homomeric P2X2 receptors have higher Ca2+ permeability (PCa/PNa ~2.5) compared to P2X3 (~1.2–1.5) or heteromeric P2X2/3 receptors (~1.2–1.5); external Ca2+ blocks P2X2 with half-maximal concentration ~5 mM, while the Ca2+ block of the heteromeric P2X2/3 receptor (~15 mM) matched that of native nodose neurones, supporting that Ca2+ block involves both subunits. Whole-cell recording from stably transfected HEK-293 cells and cultured rat nodose neurones, reversal-potential measurements with NMDG and Ca2+ substitution The Journal of Physiology High 9625864
1999 Specific amino acids in the C-terminal region of P2X2 regulate desensitization: Val370 immediately after the Lys369 splice site slows desensitization via interaction with an intracellular hydrophobic site; truncation at Lys369 accelerated desensitization >100-fold; neutralization of nearby lysines (especially Lys365) also markedly accelerated desensitization. Site-directed mutagenesis, truncation analysis, peptide injection into Xenopus oocytes, two-electrode voltage clamp The Journal of Physiology High 10517803
1999 P2X2 receptor expression in the cochlea is concentrated on hair cell stereocilia (endolymphatic surface), inner sulcus cells, and spiral ganglion neurons; voltage-clamped guinea pig hair cells exhibited P2X2-compatible pharmacology, and immunoelectron microscopy localized P2X2 subunits to postsynaptic junctions at both inner and outer hair cells. RT-PCR, whole-cell voltage clamp, immunohistochemistry with P2X2-specific antiserum, immunoelectron microscopy The Journal of Neuroscience High 10493739
1999 Both Cu2+ and Zn2+ potentiate P2X2 receptor currents in Xenopus oocytes with EC50 ~16–20 µM by increasing apparent ATP affinity (leftward shift of concentration-response curve) in a voltage-independent manner; Cu2+ did not further potentiate in the presence of maximal Zn2+, suggesting a shared binding site or mechanism. This modulation is distinct from P2X4, which is potentiated by Zn2+ but not Cu2+. Two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes, concentration-response analysis, voltage-independence testing Journal of Neurophysiology High 10322050
2000 Co-expression of P2X2 and P2X6 subunits in Xenopus oocytes formed a heteromeric P2X2/6 receptor with significantly different agonist potencies, biphasic ATP-evoked currents (especially with Zn2+ or low pH), altered pH modulation range, and changed suramin sensitivity compared to the P2X2 homomer, demonstrating that P2X6 modifies P2X2 channel phenotype. Two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes, pharmacological characterization with agonists and antagonists, pH and Zn2+ modulation The Journal of Neuroscience High 10864944
2001 P2X2 receptor mediates ATP-stimulated parasensory cation absorption in cochlear outer sulcus cells and vestibular transitional cells; ATP but not selective P2Y agonists stimulated transepithelial current (Isc) with a potency order consistent with P2X2 pharmacology, and this response was blocked by suramin or gadolinium. Vibrating probe technique for transepithelial current measurement, pharmacological profiling with P2X/P2Y agonists and antagonists The Journal of Neuroscience Medium 11717350
2001 Noise exposure (90–120 dB) up-regulated P2X2 receptor mRNA and protein in rat cochlea organ of Corti and spiral ganglion; confocal immunofluorescence showed increased P2X2R labeling on outer hair cell stereocilia and cuticular plates, and whole-cell voltage clamp of OHCs confirmed noise-induced up-regulation of ATP-gated inward currents, indicating adaptive regulation of P2X2 expression by acoustic trauma. RT-PCR, western blot, confocal immunofluorescence, whole-cell voltage clamp of isolated outer hair cells Neuroreport High 12858039
2003 P2X2 subunits are required for fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) mediated by ATP in myenteric S neurons of the mouse small intestine; in P2X2 knockout mice, fEPSPs were insensitive to the P2X antagonist PPADS and ATP failed to depolarize S neurons, while peristaltic contractions were impaired in vitro. P2X2 knockout mice, intracellular electrophysiology, pharmacology with PPADS and mecamylamine, RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, in vitro motility assay The Journal of Physiology High 12937291
2004 Homomeric P2X2 receptors (and P2X4, P2X5) are trimers of identical subunits, as are heteromeric P2X1+2 receptors; P2X6 subunits fail to form homotrimers and instead are retained in the ER as tetramers/aggregates, establishing trimeric architecture as the structural hallmark of functional P2X receptors. Biochemical analysis (cross-linking, gel electrophoresis, PAGE) in Xenopus oocytes and transfected cells Journal of Molecular Biology High 15313628
2004 Co-activation of P2X2 and GABAA receptors containing β subunits (αβ or αβγ) causes cross-inhibition of P2X2 channels, dependent on the C-terminal domain of P2X2 and the intracellular loop of GABAA β subunits; overexpression of minigenes encoding these domains disrupted the cross-inhibition, and the interaction also induced co-clustering of P2X2 and rho1-β3 chimeric receptors at surface clusters in hippocampal neurons. Co-expression in Xenopus oocytes, two-electrode voltage clamp, minigene overexpression, co-expression in hippocampal neurons with imaging The Journal of Biological Chemistry High 15456793
2004 Pore properties of the P2X2 channel (permeability to large cations, inward rectification, ligand sensitivity) change dynamically depending on channel expression density; Ile328 at the outer mouth of the pore was identified by mutagenesis as critical for these density-dependent changes. Two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes with varying cRNA injection levels, site-directed mutagenesis at Ile328 The Journal of Physiology High 15107474
2005 The zinc-binding site in rat P2X2 receptors is intersubunit, requiring His120 and His213 from adjacent subunits; mixing H120A and H213A mutant subunits rescued zinc potentiation; trimeric concatamers showed zinc potentiation correlated with the number of intersubunit histidine pairs; H120C/H213C double mutant formed ectopic disulfide bonds between adjacent subunits confirming their proximity. Mutagenesis, co-expression of mixed subunits, trimeric concatamers, two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes, disulfide-trapping with immunoblot under non-reducing conditions The Journal of Biological Chemistry High 15899882
2005 Heteromeric P2X2/3 receptors require lysine residues from two different subunits for function; single-lysine mutations in P2X2 (K69A or K308A) were rescued by wild-type P2X3 co-expression, but not vice versa, indicating the heteromeric channel contains one P2X2 and two P2X3 subunits. Whole-cell recording from HEK cells, co-expression of wild-type and lysine-to-alanine mutant subunits Molecular Pharmacology High 16840712
2005 ATP application to dendrites of hippocampal neurons expressing P2X2-GFP caused receptor redistribution and formation of varicose hot spots with higher receptor density; this redistribution was accompanied by activation-dependent enhancement of ATP-evoked current; the T18A substate-specific mutant showed neither redistribution nor activation-dependent current enhancement. Live-cell fluorescence imaging of P2X2-GFP in hippocampal neurons, whole-cell voltage clamp, T18A mutant analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences High 11296257
2005 P2X2 and P2X3 knockout mice showed reduced urinary bladder reflexes and decreased pelvic afferent nerve activity in response to bladder distension, and reduced pain behavior in the formalin test; P2X2-/- mice lacked sustained ATP-evoked inward currents in nodose, coeliac, and SCG neurons, while DRG neurons retained only transient currents. P2X2 knockout and P2X2/P2X3 double knockout mice, patch-clamp electrophysiology of ganglia neurons, cystometry, pelvic nerve recording, behavioral pain assays The Journal of Physiology High 15961431
2005 Fe65 (β-amyloid precursor protein-binding protein) directly interacts with the P2X2 C-terminal domain (but not the naturally occurring P2X2b splice variant lacking part of this domain) as shown by yeast two-hybrid and GST pull-down; Fe65 co-localizes with P2X2 subunits at postsynaptic specializations of excitatory synapses in CA1 hippocampus; co-expression of Fe65 inhibited the time- and activation-dependent increase in ionic selectivity of P2X2 receptors. Yeast two-hybrid, GST pull-down, postembedding immunogold electron microscopy, co-immunoprecipitation from brain membrane extracts, co-expression in HEK cells with electrophysiology The Journal of Biological Chemistry High 16330549
2005 Visualization by electron microscopy of purified P2X2 protein from baculovirus-Sf9 cells confirmed the trimeric composition of the P2X2 receptor; averaged negative-stain images showed an inverted three-sided pyramid (~215 Å height) with a crown-shaped extracellular domain and three-fold symmetry. Baculovirus-Sf9 expression, affinity purification, chemical cross-linking, negative-stain electron microscopy, single-particle averaging Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications High 16219297
2006 Membrane phosphoinositides (PIPs, PIP2) regulate P2X2 channel activity and pore dilation through electrostatic interaction with positively charged residues (Lys365, Lys369) in the proximal C-terminal cytoplasmic domain; PI3K inhibition or K365Q/K369Q mutations accelerated channel desensitization and sped up the decrease in NMDG permeability (pore dilation); GST-tagged C-terminal fusion proteins bound PIPs in vitro and this binding was abolished by K365Q/K369Q mutations. Two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes, PI3K inhibition (wortmannin, LY294002), site-directed mutagenesis, GST-fusion protein lipid binding assay, fluorescence membrane association assay in COS-7 cells The Journal of Physiology High 16857707
2007 The Thr339Ser mutation in the second transmembrane domain (TM2) of rat P2X2 causes constitutive (spontaneous) channel opening; the additional K308A mutation (but not K69A) abolished this spontaneous activity and also blocked the agonist-like action of suramin and TNP-ATP at T339S receptors, indicating that Lys308 plays a critical role in channel gating distinct from ATP binding. Single-channel and whole-cell recording in HEK-293 cells, double and single mutagenesis, pharmacological testing with suramin and TNP-ATP The Journal of Neuroscience High 18032665
2008 The neuronal calcium sensor VILIP1 interacts with P2X2 receptors; VILIP1 was identified by proteomic pull-down, confirmed to form a complex in vitro and in vivo with P2X2 receptors, and was shown to regulate P2X2 receptor sensitivity to ATP, peak response, surface expression, and lateral diffusion; the interaction is constitutive but enhanced in an activation- and calcium-dependent manner due to exposure of the VILIP1-binding segment in P2X2; interaction is also enhanced in hippocampal neurons during action potential firing. Proteomic pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation from brain tissue, surface expression assays, whole-cell electrophysiology, live-cell imaging of receptor diffusion in hippocampal neurons Science Signaling High 18922787
2009 The C-terminus of P2X2 binds directly to PIP2, PIP3, and other phosphoinositides in a lipid-binding assay, while the C-terminus of P2X3 does not; wortmannin inhibition reduced P2X2/3 heteromeric receptor currents in DRG neurons and Xenopus oocytes via both PI3K and PI4K pathways, and PIP2 or PIP3 application partially reversed this inhibition. Lipid binding assay with C-terminal GST-fusion proteins, whole-cell patch clamp in DRG neurons, two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes, PI3K/PI4K inhibition Molecular Pain High 19671169
2009 Systematic mutagenesis of polar and charged residues in TM2 of rat P2X2 identified Asn333 and Asp349 as located in external and internal vestibules respectively; substitutions at Asn333, Thr336, Ser340 were most likely to cause spontaneously active channels; introduction of positive charges at Thr336, Thr339, Ser340 (by Arg/Lys/His substitution or MTSEA modification of Cys) greatly enhanced outward currents, indicating these residues face the permeation pathway in the open channel. Single-channel and whole-cell recording in HEK-293 cells, systematic site-directed mutagenesis of TM2, MTSEA modification of cysteine substitutions The Journal of Neuroscience High 19906973
2011 ATP-activated cation current in mouse spermatozoa midpiece is mediated by P2X2; the current was absent in P2rx2-/- mice; the slowly desensitizing, outwardly rectifying current matched biophysical and pharmacological properties of heterologously expressed mouse P2X2; P2rx2-/- males showed normal sperm motility but reduced fertility with frequent mating. Whole-cell patch clamp of mouse spermatozoa, P2rx2 knockout mice, pharmacological characterization Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences High 21831833
2011 Colchicine (microtubule disruptor) did not affect ionic currents generated by ATP at P2X2 receptors but inhibited dye (Yo-Pro-1) uptake in Xenopus oocytes and HEK293 cells expressing P2X2, indicating that microtubule integrity is required for the macropore/dye-uptake function of P2X2 but not for its ion channel function. Whole-cell electrophysiology and Yo-Pro-1 dye uptake assay in Xenopus oocytes and HEK293 cells, colchicine treatment British Journal of Pharmacology High 21306580
2011 P2X2 and P2X5 subunits interact to form heteromeric receptors at the plasma membrane with alternate stoichiometries, as shown by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and protein biochemistry; P2X2/5 receptors display pore dilatation, membrane blebbing, and phosphatidylserine exposure—properties previously thought specific to P2X7 receptors. BRET, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), protein biochemistry, live-cell imaging of membrane blebbing and phosphatidylserine exposure The Journal of Neuroscience High 22090499
2011 P2X2 receptor lateral mobility in hippocampal neuron dendrites is mostly Brownian, consists of mobile and slowly-mobile pools, is P2X2-subunit and cell-type specific, and is increased in an activation-dependent manner; VILIP1 calcium-binding protein regulates this lateral mobility. Single-molecule quantum dot imaging with simultaneous whole-cell voltage clamp in rat hippocampal neurons The Journal of Neuroscience High 22090499
2011 ATP-binding sites of P2X2 receptors are located at intersubunit interfaces; a thiol-reactive ATP analog (NCS-ATP) covalently labeled Asn140 and Leu186 from two adjacent subunits; tethering at these positions had distinct functional consequences—labeling N140 impeded subsequent ATP function while labeling L186 enhanced subsequent ATP function. Proximity-dependent tethering with NCS-ATP, single cysteine mutagenesis, whole-cell and single-channel recording in HEK cells, homology modeling Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences High 21576497
2012 Glu167 and Arg290 form a salt bridge in the closed state of rat P2X2 receptor that is disrupted upon ATP binding and channel opening; charge-reversal mutations, mutant-cycle analysis, and disulfide trapping confirmed their close proximity in the closed but not open state; the Arg290/ATP ionic interaction replaces the Glu167/Arg290 salt bridge to promote channel opening. Homology modeling, charge-reversal mutagenesis, mutant cycle analysis, disulfide trapping, whole-cell electrophysiology Molecular Pharmacology High 23041661
2012 P2X2/3 heteromeric receptors have a 1:2 stoichiometry (one P2X2, two P2X3 subunits) while P2X2/6 receptors have a 2:1 stoichiometry (two P2X2, one P2X6 subunit); determined by co-expression of WT and ATP-binding-site Ala mutants in HEK293 cells and Xenopus oocytes—only selective mutations in the majority subunit abolished agonist responses. Site-directed mutagenesis of ATP-binding sites, co-expression of WT and mutant subunits in HEK293 cells and Xenopus oocytes, patch clamp, Ca2+ imaging, protein labeling/PAGE The Journal of Biological Chemistry High 22378790
2013 The P2RX2 missense mutation p.V60L abolishes two hallmark P2X2 functions—ATP-evoked inward current and ATP-stimulated macropore permeability (FM1-43 dye uptake); co-expression of mutant and WT P2X2 subunits significantly reduced ATP-activated membrane permeability, indicating dominant-negative effect. P2RX2-null mice developed severe progressive hearing loss, and early noise exposure caused high-frequency hearing loss in young adults. Functional expression in heterologous cells, whole-cell electrophysiology, FM1-43 dye uptake assay, P2RX2 knockout mice, audiological testing, linkage analysis in human families Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences High 23345450
2020 ATP activates P2X2 receptors on enteric glial cells to trigger a p38 MAPK-dependent pathway causing cytokine release and a gliosis phenotype; pharmacological blockade and genetic depletion of P2X2 prevented ATP-induced enteric gliosis, inflammation, and dysmotility in postoperative ileus models in mice and humans; ambroxol was identified as a novel P2X2 antagonist. P2X2 receptor antagonism and genetic depletion in murine EGCs and human intestinal tissue, p38 MAPK pathway analysis, cytokine quantification, motility assays, pharmacological screening EMBO Molecular Medicine High 33332729
2022 P2X2 receptors in medial prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons regulate vulnerability to chronic stress-induced depressive-like behavior; conditional knockout of P2X2 in pyramidal neurons promoted resilience, while pyramidal neuron-specific P2X2 overexpression increased vulnerability; in vivo fiber-photometry and electrophysiology showed P2X2 regulates mPFC neuronal activity and synapse function. Conditional knockout (CamkIIα-Cre), AAV-mediated overexpression, chronic social defeat stress model, in vivo fiber-photometry, patch-clamp electrophysiology, neuronal morphometry Theranostics High 35664080

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1995 Coexpression of P2X2 and P2X3 receptor subunits can account for ATP-gated currents in sensory neurons. Nature 869 7566120
2002 A-317491, a novel potent and selective non-nucleotide antagonist of P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors, reduces chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain in the rat. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 393 12482951
1997 Immunohistochemical study of the P2X2 and P2X3 receptor subunits in rat and monkey sensory neurons and their central terminals. Neuropharmacology 368 9364478
2005 P2X2 knockout mice and P2X2/P2X3 double knockout mice reveal a role for the P2X2 receptor subunit in mediating multiple sensory effects of ATP. The Journal of physiology 309 15961431
1999 Distribution of the P2X2 receptor subunit of the ATP-gated ion channels in the rat central nervous system. The Journal of comparative neurology 226 10213185
2005 Dual presynaptic control by ATP of glutamate release via facilitatory P2X1, P2X2/3, and P2X3 and inhibitory P2Y1, P2Y2, and/or P2Y4 receptors in the rat hippocampus. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 187 16000618
1999 Expression of the P2X(2) receptor subunit of the ATP-gated ion channel in the cochlea: implications for sound transduction and auditory neurotransmission. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 150 10493739
2003 Effects of A-317491, a novel and selective P2X3/P2X2/3 receptor antagonist, on neuropathic, inflammatory and chemogenic nociception following intrathecal and intraplantar administration. British journal of pharmacology 148 14623769
2008 P2X2 receptors differentiate placodal vs. neural crest C-fiber phenotypes innervating guinea pig lungs and esophagus. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 135 18689601
2003 Up-regulation of P2X2, P2X4 receptor and ischemic cell death: prevention by P2 antagonists. Neuroscience 135 12849743
1999 Localization of ATP-gated P2X2 and P2X3 receptor immunoreactive nerves in rat taste buds. Neuroreport 134 10321492
2001 Expression of P2X2 and P2X3 receptor subunits in rat carotid body afferent neurones: role in chemosensory signalling. The Journal of physiology 133 11744746
1997 Effects of extracellular pH on agonism and antagonism at a recombinant P2X2 receptor. British journal of pharmacology 132 9257926
1997 Localization and functional expression of splice variants of the P2X2 receptor. Molecular pharmacology 124 9271346
2013 Mutation of the ATP-gated P2X(2) receptor leads to progressive hearing loss and increased susceptibility to noise. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 119 23345450
2011 Colchicine inhibits cationic dye uptake induced by ATP in P2X2 and P2X7 receptor-expressing cells: implications for its therapeutic action. British journal of pharmacology 114 21306580
2010 AF-353, a novel, potent and orally bioavailable P2X3/P2X2/3 receptor antagonist. British journal of pharmacology 106 20590629
2010 Systemic blockade of P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors attenuates bone cancer pain behaviour in rats. Brain : a journal of neurology 106 20802203
2000 Coexpression of rat P2X2 and P2X6 subunits in Xenopus oocytes. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 105 10864944
1998 Calcium permeability and block at homomeric and heteromeric P2X2 and P2X3 receptors, and P2X receptors in rat nodose neurones. The Journal of physiology 105 9625864
2004 Trimeric architecture of homomeric P2X2 and heteromeric P2X1+2 receptor subtypes. Journal of molecular biology 99 15313628
1997 Baculovirus expression provides direct evidence for heteromeric assembly of P2X2 and P2X3 receptors. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 99 9254665
2002 The distribution of purine P2X(2) receptors in the guinea-pig enteric nervous system. Histochemistry and cell biology 95 12029488
2003 P2X2 subunits contribute to fast synaptic excitation in myenteric neurons of the mouse small intestine. The Journal of physiology 94 12937291
2006 Localization of P2X2 and P2X3 receptors in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. Neuroscience 93 17110047
2000 Distribution of P2X1, P2X2, and P2X3 receptor subunits in rat primary afferents: relation to population markers and specific cell types. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy 89 11118807
1998 Coexpression of mRNAs for P2X1, P2X2 and P2X4 receptors in rat vascular smooth muscle: an in situ hybridization and RT-PCR study. Journal of vascular research 85 9647332
1999 Differential modulation by copper and zinc of P2X2 and P2X4 receptor function. Journal of neurophysiology 84 10322050
2019 Action of MK-7264 (gefapixant) at human P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors and in vivo efficacy in models of sensitisation. British journal of pharmacology 81 30927255
2010 VEGF and its receptor-2 involved in neuropathic pain transmission mediated by P2X₂(/)₃ receptor of primary sensory neurons. Brain research bulletin 81 20705122
2005 An intersubunit zinc binding site in rat P2X2 receptors. The Journal of biological chemistry 77 15899882
2006 Role of ectodomain lysines in the subunits of the heteromeric P2X2/3 receptor. Molecular pharmacology 71 16840712
2001 P2X2 receptor mediates stimulation of parasensory cation absorption by cochlear outer sulcus cells and vestibular transitional cells. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 71 11717350
2006 Regulation of the desensitization and ion selectivity of ATP-gated P2X2 channels by phosphoinositides. The Journal of physiology 69 16857707
2004 Density-dependent changes of the pore properties of the P2X2 receptor channel. The Journal of physiology 69 15107474
2020 A novel P2X2-dependent purinergic mechanism of enteric gliosis in intestinal inflammation. EMBO molecular medicine 68 33332729
1998 Functional role of alternative splicing in pituitary P2X2 receptor-channel activation and desensitization. Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) 67 9658396
1998 Localization of ATP-gated P2X2 receptor immunoreactivity in the rat hypothalamus. Brain research 67 9838201
2004 Subunit-specific coupling between gamma-aminobutyric acid type A and P2X2 receptor channels. The Journal of biological chemistry 64 15456793
2001 Activation-dependent changes in receptor distribution and dendritic morphology in hippocampal neurons expressing P2X2-green fluorescent protein receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 64 11296257
2003 Noise induces up-regulation of P2X2 receptor subunit of ATP-gated ion channels in the rat cochlea. Neuroreport 63 12858039
1998 Localization of mRNA encoding the P2X2 receptor subunit of the adenosine 5'-triphosphate-gated ion channel in the adult and developing rat inner ear by in situ hybridization. The Journal of comparative neurology 62 9550147
2004 P2X2 and P2X3 purinoceptors in the rat enteric nervous system. Histochemistry and cell biology 61 14767775
2012 P2X2 and P2X5 subunits define a new heteromeric receptor with P2X7-like properties. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 60 22442090
2011 P2X4 receptors interact with both P2X2 and P2X7 receptors in the form of homotrimers. British journal of pharmacology 59 21385174
1998 N-Linked glycosylation is essential for the functional expression of the recombinant P2X2 receptor. Biochemistry 56 9778359
1997 Molecular assembly of the extracellular domain of P2X2, an ATP-gated ion channel. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 55 9398614
1997 Expression of the P2X2 receptor subunit of the ATP-gated ion channel in the retina. Neuroreport 52 9175089
2014 Adenosine triphosphate drives head and neck cancer pain through P2X2/3 heterotrimers. Acta neuropathologica communications 51 24903857
2011 Discovery of potent competitive antagonists and positive modulators of the P2X2 receptor. Journal of medicinal chemistry 51 21207957
2002 Localization of P2X3 receptors and coexpression with P2X2 receptors during rat embryonic neurogenesis. The Journal of comparative neurology 51 11807844
1998 Novel variant of the P2X2 ATP receptor from the guinea pig organ of Corti. Hearing research 51 9682808
2011 ATP-activated P2X2 current in mouse spermatozoa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 49 21831833
2008 Regulation of P2X2 receptors by the neuronal calcium sensor VILIP1. Science signaling 49 18922787
2007 Thr339-to-serine substitution in rat P2X2 receptor second transmembrane domain causes constitutive opening and indicates a gating role for Lys308. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 49 18032665
2016 P2X3 and P2X2/3 Receptors Play a Crucial Role in Articular Hyperalgesia Development Through Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Knee Joint Experimental Synovitis. Molecular neurobiology 48 27709491
2011 Agonist trapped in ATP-binding sites of the P2X2 receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 48 21576497
2003 Intraganglionic laminar endings in the rat esophagus contain purinergic P2X2 and P2X3 receptor immunoreactivity. Anatomy and embryology 47 14624359
2009 Double P2X2/P2X3 purinergic receptor knockout mice do not taste NaCl or the artificial sweetener SC45647. Chemical senses 45 19833661
2009 Polar residues in the second transmembrane domain of the rat P2X2 receptor that affect spontaneous gating, unitary conductance, and rectification. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 45 19906973
2002 Cerebellar lesion up-regulates P2X1 and P2X2 purinergic receptors in precerebellar nuclei. Neuroscience 44 12421608
2010 Molecular determinants of potent P2X2 antagonism identified by functional analysis, mutagenesis, and homology docking. Molecular pharmacology 43 21191044
2005 Distribution of P2Y2 receptors in the guinea pig enteric nervous system and its coexistence with P2X2 and P2X3 receptors, neuropeptide Y, nitric oxide synthase and calretinin. Histochemistry and cell biology 43 16136347
1998 Functional modulation of P2X2 receptors by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Journal of neurochemistry 41 9603227
2010 Involvement of temporomandibular joint P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors in carrageenan-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats. European journal of pharmacology 40 20558155
2013 Intrathecal leptin inhibits expression of the P2X2/3 receptors and alleviates neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction sciatic nerve injury. Molecular pain 39 24325936
2009 Subtype-specific regulation of P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors by phosphoinositides in peripheral nociceptors. Molecular pain 39 19671169
2004 OFF-cholinergic-pathway-selective localization of P2X2 purinoceptors in the mouse retina. The Journal of comparative neurology 39 15236470
1999 Identification of amino acids within the P2X2 receptor C-terminus that regulate desensitization. The Journal of physiology 39 10517803
2007 Therapeutic effects of the putative P2X3/P2X2/3 antagonist A-317491 on cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 38 17917716
2000 P2X2 receptor expression by interstitial cells of Cajal in vas deferens implicated in semen emission. Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical 38 11111847
2022 P2X2 receptors in pyramidal neurons are critical for regulating vulnerability to chronic stress. Theranostics 37 35664080
2010 P2X2/3 and P2X3 receptors contribute to the metaboreceptor component of the exercise pressor reflex. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 37 20798273
2005 Visualization of the trimeric P2X2 receptor with a crown-capped extracellular domain. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 37 16219297
2002 ATP-gated ion channels assembled from P2X2 receptor subunits in the mouse cochlea. Neuroreport 37 12395104
2005 P2X2 and P2X3 receptor expression in postnatal and adult rat urinary bladder and lumbosacral spinal cord. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 36 15947072
2005 Fe65 interacts with P2X2 subunits at excitatory synapses and modulates receptor function. The Journal of biological chemistry 36 16330549
2003 Dehydroepiandrosterone potentiates native ionotropic ATP receptors containing the P2X2 subunit in rat sensory neurones. The Journal of physiology 35 12844512
2018 Down-expression of P2RX2, KCNQ5, ERBB3 and SOCS3 through DNA hypermethylation in elderly women with presbycusis. Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals 34 29325454
2013 A novel P2RX2 mutation in an Italian family affected by autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss. Gene 32 24211385
2010 P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors mediate mechanical hyperalgesia induced by bradykinin, but not by pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE₂ or dopamine. European journal of pharmacology 32 20868656
2019 Update on novel purinergic P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptor antagonists and their potential therapeutic applications. Expert opinion on therapeutic patents 31 31726893
2011 Effects of ischemia and reperfusion on P2X2 receptor expressing neurons of the rat ileum enteric nervous system. Digestive diseases and sciences 31 21409380
2016 Modulation of P2X3 and P2X2/3 Receptors by Monoclonal Antibodies. The Journal of biological chemistry 30 27129281
2012 Spontaneous firing and evoked responses of spinal nociceptive neurons are attenuated by blockade of P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors in inflamed rats. Journal of neuroscience research 30 22422599
2013 Botulinum toxin A detrusor injections reduce postsynaptic muscular M2, M3, P2X2, and P2X3 receptors in children and adolescents who have neurogenic detrusor overactivity: a single-blind study. Urology 29 23419459
2011 Neuronal P2X2 receptors are mobile ATP sensors that explore the plasma membrane when activated. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 29 22090499
2003 P2X2 and P2X4 receptor expression is regulated by a GABA(A) receptor-mediated mechanism in the gerbil hippocampus. Brain research. Molecular brain research 29 12941474
2003 ATP analogues with modified phosphate chains and their selectivity for rat P2X2 and P2X2/3 receptors. British journal of pharmacology 29 14581175
2002 Purinergic P2X(2) receptor desensitization depends on coupling between ectodomain and C-terminal domain. Molecular pharmacology 28 12391283
2012 Salt bridge switching from Arg290/Glu167 to Arg290/ATP promotes the closed-to-open transition of the P2X2 receptor. Molecular pharmacology 27 23041661
2011 Characterization of three diaminopyrimidines as potent and selective antagonists of P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors with in vivo efficacy in a pain model. British journal of pharmacology 27 21410458
2010 Effects of protein deprivation and re-feeding on P2X2 receptors in enteric neurons. World journal of gastroenterology 27 20677337
2010 P2X2 purinoreceptor protein in hypothalamic neurons associated with the regulation of food intake. Neuroscience 27 20736052
2008 Expressions of P2X2 and P2X3 receptors in rat nodose neurons after myocardial ischemia injury. Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical 27 19064335
2002 A novel locus for autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness (DFNA41) maps to chromosome 12q24-qter. Journal of medical genetics 27 12161595
2018 Microencapsulated Schwann cell transplantation inhibits P2X2/3 receptors overexpression in a sciatic nerve injury rat model with neuropathic pain. Neuroscience letters 26 29608947
2012 ATP binding site mutagenesis reveals different subunit stoichiometry of functional P2X2/3 and P2X2/6 receptors. The Journal of biological chemistry 26 22378790
2015 Sensory input to the central nervous system from the lungs and airways: A prominent role for purinergic signalling via P2X2/3 receptors. Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical 25 25953244
2014 Comparative analysis of P2X1, P2X2, P2X3, and P2X4 receptor subunits in rat nodose ganglion neurons. PloS one 25 24798490

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