Affinage

NIN

Ninein · UniProt Q8N4C6

Round 2 corrected
Length
2090 aa
Mass
243.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-29
127 papers in source corpus 14 papers cited in narrative 14 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

Ninein is a large coiled-coil centrosomal protein that localizes to subdistal appendages of the mother centriole, where it functions as a molecular linker coupling γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) docking for microtubule nucleation with microtubule anchoring, thereby serving as a critical determinant of MTOC activity and radial microtubule organization (PMID:15784680, PMID:11956314). Its N-terminus binds γ-TuRC while its C-terminus mediates subdistal appendage targeting, and domain dissection demonstrates that nucleation and anchoring are separable functions (PMID:15784680). Centrosomal recruitment of ninein depends on PCM-1-containing centriolar satellites and dynactin, positioning it downstream in a hierarchical centrosome assembly pathway (PMID:12403812). Biallelic NIN mutations cause microcephalic primordial dwarfism and skeletal dysplasia in humans (PMID:23665482), and a QKI-regulated exon 18-included NIN splice isoform promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion through the CDK2/Cyclin A axis (PMID:41135748).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 7 steps
  1. 1996 High

    Identification of ninein as a novel centrosomal protein established it as a coiled-coil, pericentriolar matrix component present throughout the cell cycle, answering the question of its subcellular home and structural architecture.

    Evidence cDNA cloning, immunofluorescence, and immunoelectron microscopy in human fibroblasts

    PMID:8834802

    Open questions at the time
    • No functional role assigned
    • Binding partners unknown
    • Coiled-coil regions not mapped to specific activities
  2. 2002 High

    Two contemporaneous studies demonstrated that ninein is required for MTOC function and that its centrosomal targeting depends on PCM-1/centriolar satellites and dynactin, placing ninein in a defined centrosome assembly hierarchy and establishing its functional necessity for microtubule organization.

    Evidence Antibody microinjection into metaphase HeLa/PtK2 cells; siRNA knockdown of PCM-1 and ninein with microtubule organization assays

    PMID:11956314 PMID:12403812

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which ninein anchors microtubules not resolved
    • No distinction between nucleation and anchoring roles
    • Direct binding to dynactin not shown
  3. 2005 High

    Domain dissection revealed that ninein's C-terminus targets subdistal appendages and its N-terminus recruits γ-TuRC, uncoupling microtubule nucleation from anchoring and establishing ninein as the molecular link between these two centrosomal activities.

    Evidence Expression of deletion constructs, γ-TuRC co-localization, and microtubule regrowth assays in cultured cells

    PMID:15784680

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct biochemical interaction between ninein N-terminus and γ-TuRC subunits not mapped
    • How ninein achieves microtubule anchoring structurally remains unclear
    • Regulation of ninein targeting not addressed
  4. 2011 High

    Super-resolution microscopy resolved ninein into discrete density masses forming rings at subdistal appendages, revealing cell-cycle-dependent reorganization (reduction during mitosis) and providing the first nanoscale architectural view of ninein at the centrosome.

    Evidence 3D-structured illumination microscopy of human centrosomes with cell cycle staging

    PMID:21399614 PMID:23213374

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis for mitotic reduction of ninein density not identified
    • Whether density masses correspond to oligomeric ninein complexes not tested
    • Relationship between structural reorganization and MTOC activity during cell cycle transitions not established
  5. 2013 Medium

    Genetic studies linked biallelic NIN mutations to human skeletal dysplasia and microcephalic primordial dwarfism, establishing ninein as a disease gene required for normal skeletal and brain development.

    Evidence Homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing in a consanguineous family

    PMID:23665482

    Open questions at the time
    • No biochemical characterization of mutant ninein protein
    • Mechanism linking centrosomal dysfunction to skeletal phenotype not defined
    • Limited to a single family without independent replication
  6. 2014 Medium

    Systematic proximity and affinity-based proteomics placed ninein within the centrosome-cilium protein interaction network alongside centriolar satellite and centriole duplication factors, expanding its interaction landscape beyond γ-TuRC and PCM-1.

    Evidence BioID proximity biotinylation and AP-MS in HEK293T cells

    PMID:24613305 PMID:26638075

    Open questions at the time
    • Most interactions not validated by reciprocal or orthogonal approaches
    • Functional significance of individual proximity partners not tested
    • Direct versus indirect associations not distinguished
  7. 2025 Medium

    Identification of a QKI-regulated exon 18-included NIN splice isoform that drives breast cancer proliferation and invasion via CDK2/Cyclin A dysregulation revealed a previously unknown oncogenic function for a specific ninein isoform, extending NIN biology beyond centrosome structural roles.

    Evidence Multi-omics analysis of TCGA-BRCA, RNA immunoprecipitation, splicing assays, siRNA knockdown, xenograft model

    PMID:41135748

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which exon 18-containing isoform activates CDK2/Cyclin A not defined
    • Whether this isoform retains centrosomal localization not tested
    • Findings from a single study awaiting independent replication

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the structural basis of ninein's microtubule anchoring activity, the biochemical mechanism linking ninein to γ-TuRC subunits, how disease-causing mutations disrupt ninein function at the molecular level, and whether the oncogenic splice isoform acts through centrosome-dependent or -independent mechanisms.
  • No high-resolution structure of ninein or its domains
  • No reconstituted microtubule anchoring assay
  • Isoform-specific functions not systematically mapped

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 2
Localization
GO:0005815 microtubule organizing center 6
Partners
CEP110CEP63PCM1PCNTQKI

Evidence

Reading pass · 14 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1996 Ninein (NIN) was identified as a novel centrosomal protein with a predicted molecular weight of ~245–249 kDa, containing extensive coiled-coil domains, an EF-hand-like domain, a potential GTP-binding site, and four leucine zipper domains. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy localized ninein specifically to the pericentriolar matrix throughout the cell cycle, with additional nuclear localization observed at interphase in fibroblasts and association with the mitotic spindle during mitosis. cDNA cloning, immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscopy, domain analysis Journal of cell science High 8834802
2002 CEP110 and ninein co-localize in a specific domain of the centrosome corresponding to the open end of the centrosome tube, the site of daughter-to-mother centrosome maturation. Microinjection of antibodies against ninein into metaphase cells disrupted reformation of the centrosome tubular architecture following cell division and abolished centrosome function as a microtubule-organizing center (MTOC), demonstrating ninein is required for MTOC function and centrosome maturation. Immunofluorescence, co-localization mapping, antibody microinjection into metaphase HeLa and PtK2 cells Journal of cell science High 11956314
2002 PCM-1 depletion by siRNA or antibody microinjection reduced the targeting of ninein (as well as centrin and pericentrin) to the centrosome, indicating that PCM-1-containing centriolar satellites are required for the dynactin-dependent recruitment of ninein to the centrosome. Furthermore, ninein depletion itself disrupted radial microtubule organization without affecting nucleation, placing ninein downstream of PCM-1 in the centrosomal recruitment pathway. siRNA knockdown, antibody microinjection, immunofluorescence, microtubule organization assay The Journal of cell biology High 12403812
2005 Ninein localizes to subdistal appendages of the mother centriole via its C-terminus and interacts with γ-tubulin ring complexes (γ-TuRC) via its N-terminus. Expression of a C-terminal ninein fragment displaced endogenous ninein and γ-TuRC from the centrosome, causing both microtubule nucleation and anchoring defects. A construct lacking the central coiled-coil domain (but containing both termini) displaced ninein without affecting γ-TuRC localization, producing anchoring defects only, thereby uncoupling nucleation from anchoring. This demonstrated that ninein acts as a molecular link between γ-TuRC docking (nucleation) and microtubule anchoring at subdistal appendages. Domain deletion/expression constructs, immunofluorescence, microtubule regrowth assay, γ-TuRC co-localization Journal of cell science High 15784680
2004 NIN was identified as the gene fused to PDGFRB in a t(5;14)(q33;q24) translocation associated with a chronic myeloproliferative disorder with eosinophilia. NIN encodes a centrosomal protein with CEP110-like function, and the NIN-PDGFRB fusion protein was detected by RT-PCR. The patient achieved hematological and cytogenetic remission with imatinib, confirming the fusion's role in disease. FISH, RT-PCR, candidate gene sequencing, clinical imatinib treatment response Cancer research Medium 15087377
2011 Super-resolution 3D-structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) analysis of human centrosomes revealed that ninein localizes to appendage structures of the mother centriole, forming rings with multiple density masses at the subdistal appendages. The number of these density masses was strongly reduced during mitosis, indicating cell cycle-dependent reorganization of ninein at centrosomal appendages. 3D-structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM), site-specific antibodies, cell cycle staging The EMBO journal High 21399614
2012 3D-SIM analysis of 18 centriole and PCM components confirmed that ninein localizes to subdistal appendage structures at specific radial distances from centriole walls, forming ring patterns with discernible density masses during interphase, consistent with its role at mother centriole appendages. 3D-structured illumination microscopy, comparative localization of 18 centrosomal components Biology open High 23213374
2012 Positive selection analysis revealed that NIN evolved adaptively during anthropoid primate evolution. NIN is functionally required for maintaining asymmetric neurogenic divisions of radial glial cells (RGCs). Selection on NIN was significantly associated with neonatal brain size in catarrhines and potentially with variation in neuron number, suggesting NIN's role in RGC neurogenic divisions contributed to primate brain evolution. Molecular evolution analysis (dN/dS), comparative phenotypic association analysis across primate lineages Genes, brain, and behavior Low 22937743
2013 Homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing in a consanguineous family with a SEMDJL2-like skeletal dysplasia phenotype identified homozygous missense mutations in NIN (Ninein). Evidence is presented that mutant Ninein is causative, based on its functional relationship with KIF22 and other centrosome-associated proteins linked to chromosome congression and ciliogenesis, and on the prior identification of compound heterozygous NIN mutations in microcephalic primordial dwarfism, supporting a fundamental role of Ninein in skeletal development. Homozygosity mapping, whole-exome sequencing, segregation analysis, functional relationship analysis Matrix biology Medium 23665482
2014 BioID proximity-dependent biotinylation of centriole duplication proteins identified ninein within the centrosome proximity interaction network, associating it with centriolar satellite components and centriole duplication regulators including CEP63, placing NIN in the centrosome protein interaction landscape. BioID (proximity-dependent biotin identification), mass spectrometry Current biology Medium 24613305
2015 High-throughput AP-MS (BioPlex network) identified protein-protein interaction partners for ninein in HEK293T cells as part of a proteome-scale interaction map, placing NIN within protein communities related to centrosome function. Affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS), network analysis Cell Low 26186194
2015 BioID mapping of the centrosome-cilium interface using 58 bait proteins generated a protein topology network that included ninein, placing it within the centrosome-cilium interaction landscape and linking it to processes including ciliogenesis and centriolar satellite biogenesis. BioID (proximity-dependent biotinylation), mass spectrometry, high-resolution phenotypic profiling Cell Medium 26638075
2022 OpenCell endogenous tagging and live-cell imaging confirmed ninein localization to the centrosome in human cells under near-endogenous expression conditions, providing high-confidence subcellular localization data as part of a systematic proteome cartography effort. CRISPR endogenous tagging, confocal live-cell imaging, AP-MS Science Medium 35271311
2025 Multi-omics analysis of TCGA-BRCA data identified splicing factor QKI as a regulator of NIN exon 18 splicing. QKI directly bound NIN pre-mRNA and promoted exon 18 inclusion, generating an oncogenic exon 18-included NIN isoform. Depletion of this isoform suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, induced S-phase arrest via dysregulation of the CDK2/Cyclin A axis, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Multi-omics (TCGA analysis), RNA immunoprecipitation, splicing assays, siRNA knockdown, cell proliferation/invasion assays, xenograft tumor model, cell cycle analysis Cellular signalling Medium 41135748

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 127 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2020 A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing. Nature 3411 32353859
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2009 Defining the human deubiquitinating enzyme interaction landscape. Cell 1282 19615732
2015 The BioPlex Network: A Systematic Exploration of the Human Interactome. Cell 1118 26186194
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2015 A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. Cell 1015 26496610
2018 VIRMA mediates preferential m6A mRNA methylation in 3'UTR and near stop codon and associates with alternative polyadenylation. Cell discovery 829 29507755
2003 Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nature genetics 754 14702039
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2018 High-Density Proximity Mapping Reveals the Subcellular Organization of mRNA-Associated Granules and Bodies. Molecular cell 580 29395067
2020 Comparative host-coronavirus protein interaction networks reveal pan-viral disease mechanisms. Science (New York, N.Y.) 564 33060197
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2015 A Dynamic Protein Interaction Landscape of the Human Centrosome-Cilium Interface. Cell 433 26638075
2022 OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular organization. Science (New York, N.Y.) 432 35271311
2002 Assembly of centrosomal proteins and microtubule organization depends on PCM-1. The Journal of cell biology 410 12403812
1996 Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. Genome research 401 8889548
2013 Protein interaction network of the mammalian Hippo pathway reveals mechanisms of kinase-phosphatase interactions. Science signaling 383 24255178
2004 Abi1 is essential for the formation and activation of a WAVE2 signalling complex. Nature cell biology 341 15048123
2021 A proximity-dependent biotinylation map of a human cell. Nature 339 34079125
2013 Arabidopsis NIN-like transcription factors have a central role in nitrate signalling. Nature communications 312 23511481
2007 Medicago truncatula NIN is essential for rhizobial-independent nodule organogenesis induced by autoactive calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Plant physiology 306 17369436
2020 Virus-Host Interactome and Proteomic Survey Reveal Potential Virulence Factors Influencing SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis. Med (New York, N.Y.) 291 32838362
2012 3D-structured illumination microscopy provides novel insight into architecture of human centrosomes. Biology open 268 23213374
2011 Novel asymmetrically localizing components of human centrosomes identified by complementary proteomics methods. The EMBO journal 265 21399614
2005 Microtubule nucleation and anchoring at the centrosome are independent processes linked by ninein function. Journal of cell science 228 15784680
2014 Proximity biotinylation and affinity purification are complementary approaches for the interactome mapping of chromatin-associated protein complexes. Journal of proteomics 215 25281560
2022 NIN-like protein 7 transcription factor is a plant nitrate sensor. Science (New York, N.Y.) 185 36137053
2005 Evolution of NIN-like proteins in Arabidopsis, rice, and Lotus japonicus. Journal of molecular evolution 165 15785851
2014 Proximity interactions among centrosome components identify regulators of centriole duplication. Current biology : CB 162 24613305
2018 A NIN-LIKE PROTEIN mediates nitrate-induced control of root nodule symbiosis in Lotus japonicus. Nature communications 143 29403008
2016 NIN-like protein 8 is a master regulator of nitrate-promoted seed germination in Arabidopsis. Nature communications 143 27731416
2009 Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of HuR by heat shock. The EMBO journal 142 19322201
2015 The NIN Transcription Factor Coordinates Diverse Nodulation Programs in Different Tissues of the Medicago truncatula Root. The Plant cell 134 26672071
1996 Molecular characterisation of ninein, a new coiled-coil protein of the centrosome. Journal of cell science 130 8834802
2020 PROTAC-mediated degradation reveals a non-catalytic function of AURORA-A kinase. Nature chemical biology 129 32989298
2018 NIN interacts with NLPs to mediate nitrate inhibition of nodulation in Medicago truncatula. Nature plants 125 30297831
2002 CEP110 and ninein are located in a specific domain of the centrosome associated with centrosome maturation. Journal of cell science 125 11956314
2003 The Sym35 gene required for root nodule development in pea is an ortholog of Nin from Lotus japonicus. Plant physiology 115 12644653
2019 A Remote cis-Regulatory Region Is Required for NIN Expression in the Pericycle to Initiate Nodule Primordium Formation in Medicago truncatula. The Plant cell 102 30610167
2019 NIN Acts as a Network Hub Controlling a Growth Module Required for Rhizobial Infection. Plant physiology 98 30710053
2021 NIN-like protein transcription factors regulate leghemoglobin genes in legume nodules. Science (New York, N.Y.) 95 34709882
2020 The NIN transcription factor coordinates CEP and CLE signaling peptides that regulate nodulation antagonistically. Nature communications 90 32576831
2020 Rice NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 4 plays a pivotal role in nitrogen use efficiency. Plant biotechnology journal 88 32876985
2020 Rice NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 1 rapidly responds to nitrogen deficiency and improves yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Journal of experimental botany 81 32585013
2013 MicroRNA-326 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma by targeting the Nin one binding protein (NOB1). PloS one 75 23869222
2021 Different DNA-binding specificities of NLP and NIN transcription factors underlie nitrate-induced control of root nodulation. The Plant cell 73 33826745
2019 Evolutionary analyses of NIN-like proteins in plants and their roles in nitrate signaling. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 65 31161283
2014 Downregulated miR-646 in clear cell renal carcinoma correlated with tumour metastasis by targeting the nin one binding protein (NOB1). British journal of cancer 65 25010867
2009 Fatty acid desaturation index correlates with body mass and adiposity indices of obesity in Wistar NIN obese mutant rat strains WNIN/Ob and WNIN/GR-Ob. Nutrition & metabolism 58 19519902
2015 MicroRNA-326 functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer by targeting the nin one binding protein. Oncology reports 55 25760058
2015 The Casuarina NIN gene is transcriptionally activated throughout Frankia root infection as well as in response to bacterial diffusible signals. The New phytologist 55 26096779
2020 The NIN-like protein 5 (ZmNLP5) transcription factor is involved in modulating the nitrogen response in maize. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 54 31793100
2022 Rice NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 3 modulates nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield under nitrate-sufficient conditions. Plant, cell & environment 53 35150141
2020 Evolution of NIN and NIN-like Genes in Relation to Nodule Symbiosis. Genes 53 32664480
2004 NIN, a gene encoding a CEP110-like centrosomal protein, is fused to PDGFRB in a patient with a t(5;14)(q33;q24) and an imatinib-responsive myeloproliferative disorder. Cancer research 51 15087377
2013 The evolutionary events necessary for the emergence of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes may involve a loss of nitrate responsiveness of the NIN transcription factor. Plant signaling & behavior 50 24270631
2021 Nitrate-responsive NIN-like protein transcription factors perform unique and redundant roles in Arabidopsis. Journal of experimental botany 47 34050740
2023 The small peptide CEP1 and the NIN-like protein NLP1 regulate NRT2.1 to mediate root nodule formation across nitrate concentrations. The Plant cell 43 36440970
2022 Nitrate transport via NRT2.1 mediates NIN-LIKE PROTEIN-dependent suppression of root nodulation in Lotus japonicus. The Plant cell 43 35146519
2021 NIN is essential for development of symbiosomes, suppression of defence and premature senescence in Medicago truncatula nodules. The New phytologist 43 33471433
2022 Asymmetric redundancy of soybean Nodule Inception (NIN) genes in root nodule symbiosis. Plant physiology 41 34633461
2020 Mutant analysis in the nonlegume Parasponia andersonii identifies NIN and NF-YA1 transcription factors as a core genetic network in nitrogen-fixing nodule symbioses. The New phytologist 36 31863481
2016 The Transcription Factor NIN-LIKE PROTEIN7 Controls Border-Like Cell Release. Plant physiology 31 27221617
1988 Design, structure-activity, and molecular modeling studies of potent renin inhibitory peptides having N-terminal Nin-For-Trp (Ftr): angiotensinogen congeners modified by P1-P1' Phe-Phe, Sta, Leu psi[CH(OH)CH2]Val or leu psi[CH2NH]Val substitutions. Journal of medicinal chemistry 30 3275777
2011 Effect of vitamin supplementation on cisplatin-induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in Wistar/NIN rats. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) 27 22189195
2018 Actinorhizal Signaling Molecules: Frankia Root Hair Deforming Factor Shares Properties With NIN Inducing Factor. Frontiers in plant science 26 30405656
2020 NIN-like protein 7 promotes nitrate-mediated lateral root development by activating transcription of TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED 2. Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology 23 33487355
2017 Dissection of broad-spectrum resistance of the Thai rice variety Jao Hom Nin conferred by two resistance genes against rice blast. Rice (New York, N.Y.) 23 28493203
2011 Downregulation of NIN/RPN12 binding protein inhibit the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Molecular biology reports 23 21573803
2023 Interplay between NIN-LIKE PROTEINs 6 and 7 in nitrate signaling. Plant physiology 22 37073492
2020 Transcriptional regulation of NIN expression by IPN2 is required for root nodule symbiosis in Lotus japonicus. The New phytologist 22 32187696
2013 Expression and clinical significance of the nin one binding protein and p38 MAPK in prostate carcinoma. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 22 24228091
2019 ERN1 and CYCLOPS coordinately activate NIN signaling to promote infection thread formation in Lotus japonicus. Journal of plant research 21 31313020
2014 Weak pulling forces exerted on Nin-orientated transmembrane segments during co-translational insertion into the inner membrane of Escherichia coli. FEBS letters 21 24726730
2024 NIN-LIKE PROTEIN3.2 inhibits repressor Aux/IAA14 expression and enhances root biomass in maize seedlings under low nitrogen. The Plant cell 20 38917216
2016 MiR-192 suppresses the tumorigenicity of prostate cancer cells by targeting and inhibiting nin one binding protein. International journal of molecular medicine 19 26743688
2013 Identification of a Ninein (NIN) mutation in a family with spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity (leptodactylic type)-like phenotype. Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 19 23665482
1982 Effect of Nin-formylation of the tryptophan residue on gastrin (HG-13) binding and on gastric acid secretion. European journal of pharmacology 17 6277651
2012 Positive selection on NIN, a gene involved in neurogenesis, and primate brain evolution. Genes, brain, and behavior 16 22937743
2005 Chronic low intake of protein or vitamins increases the intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in Wistar/NIN rats. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) 16 16039830
2023 Conserved and unique functions of NIN-like proteins in nitrate sensing and signaling. Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology 15 37633494
2022 The CYCLOPS Response Element in the NIN Promoter Is Important but Not Essential for Infection Thread Formation During Lotus japonicus-Rhizobia Symbiosis. Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI 15 35343248
1988 Analysis of transcription termination signals in the nin region of bacteriophage lambda: the roc deletion. Journal of bacteriology 15 2972695
2022 The NIN-Like Protein OsNLP2 Negatively Regulates Ferroptotic Cell Death and Immune Responses to Magnaporthe oryzae in Rice. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 14 36139868
2021 Genome-wide survey and expression analysis of NIN-like Protein (NLP) genes reveals its potential roles in the response to nitrate signaling in tomato. BMC plant biology 14 34301191
2019 CLE-HAR1 Systemic Signaling and NIN-Mediated Local Signaling Suppress the Increased Rhizobial Infection in the daphne Mutant of Lotus japonicus. Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI 13 31880983
2024 Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of NIN-like protein (NLP) genes: Exploring their potential roles in nitrate response in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB 12 38199025
2021 NIN-like protein7 and PROTEOLYSIS6 functional interaction enhances tolerance to sucrose, ABA, and submergence. Plant physiology 12 34618055
2021 Three Common Symbiotic ABC Subfamily B Transporters in Medicago truncatula Are Regulated by a NIN-Independent Branch of the Symbiosis Signaling Pathway. Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI 11 33779265
2016 NIN Is Involved in the Regulation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Frontiers in plant science 11 27899928
2022 NIN-Like Proteins: Interesting Players in Rhizobia-Induced Nitrate Signaling Response During Interaction with Non-Legume Host Arabidopsis thaliana. Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI 10 34813707
2021 Functional analyses unveil the involvement of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) group I and II NIN-LIKE PROTEINS in nitrate signaling regulation. Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology 10 33775367
2017 Heteroborospherene clusters Nin ∈ B40 (n = 1-4) and heteroborophene monolayers Ni2 ∈ B14 with planar heptacoordinate transition-metal centers in η7-B7 heptagons. Scientific reports 10 28720806
2025 Nitrate attenuates abscisic acid signaling via NIN-LIKE PROTEIN8 in Arabidopsis seed germination. The Plant cell 9 40123384
2024 NIN-like proteins (NLPs) as crucial nitrate sensors: an overview of their roles in nitrogen signaling, symbiosis, abiotic stress, and beyond. Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology 9 39100871
2022 NiN-Passivated NiO Hole-Transport Layer Improves Halide Perovskite-Based Solar Cell. ACS applied materials & interfaces 9 36226899
2021 Phylogenetic and Structural Analysis of NIN-Like Proteins With a Type I/II PB1 Domain That Regulates Oligomerization for Nitrate Response. Frontiers in plant science 9 34135927
2000 Effects of qian-kun-nin, a Chinese herbal medicine formulation, on HIV positive subjects: a pilot study. The American journal of Chinese medicine 9 11154043
2016 The Topology of the l-Arginine Exporter ArgO Conforms to an Nin-Cout Configuration in Escherichia coli: Requirement for the Cytoplasmic N-Terminal Domain, Functional Helical Interactions, and an Aspartate Pair for ArgO Function. Journal of bacteriology 8 27645388
2022 Overexpression of microRNA-107 suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and induced apoptosis by targeting Nin one binding (NOB1) protein in a hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line (FaDu). Bioengineered 6 35294329
2014 Evaluation of NIN/RPN12 binding protein inhibits proliferation and growth in human renal cancer cells. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 6 25420906
2023 The NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 7 transcription factor modulates auxin pathways to regulate root cap development in Arabidopsis. Journal of experimental botany 5 36787214
2023 Identification and expression characteristics of NLP (NIN-like protein) gene family in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Molecular biology reports 4 37358766
2020 Transcriptome Comparison of Defense Responses in the Rice Variety 'Jao Hom Nin' Regarding Two Blast Resistant Genes, Pish and Pik. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 4 32485961
2001 Qian-Kun-Nin, a Chinese herbal medicine formulation, attenuates mitochondrial oxidant stress in cardiomyocytes. Journal of ethnopharmacology 4 11137349
2017 Further insights into the role of NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 7 (NLP7) in root cap cell release. Plant signaling & behavior 3 29215953
2025 Distinct domain regions of NIN and NLP1 mediate symbiotic and nitrate signalling in Medicago truncatula. Journal of experimental botany 1 39905670
2025 NiN4/FeN4 dual sites engineered by Fe5 clusters on porous flexible carbon fibers for promoting oxygen reduction and evolution. Journal of colloid and interface science 1 40252579
2025 Genome-wide identification of the apple NLP (NIN-like proteins) family and their potential role under abiotic stress. 3 Biotech 1 40521217
2025 Unlocking Efficient Direct Charge Transfer of Ni-N Bridge 2D N-ZnIn2S4/Ni Single-Atom Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution. ACS applied materials & interfaces 1 40823995
2025 Identification and expression characteristics of NIN-like protein (NLP) gene family in cucumber plant (Cucumis sativus L.). BMC plant biology 1 40885889
2024 The Satellite DNA PcH-Sat, Isolated and Characterized in the Limpet Patella caerulea (Mollusca, Gastropoda), Suggests the Origin from a Nin-SINE Transposable Element. Genes 1 38790169
2023 Local compressive strain regulation of atomically dispersed NiN4 sites for enhancing CO2 electroreduction to CO. Nanoscale 1 37727997
2026 Antagonistic regulation of nitrogen and drought signaling mediated by NIN-like protein 7 transcription factor in Arabidopsis thaliana. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 0 41481473
2026 The root nodule symbiosis regulator NIN exhibits broad DNA binding specificity conferred by an NLP-inherited motif. Science advances 0 41616063
2026 Ancestral functionality and symbiotic refinement of NIN in root nodule symbiosis. Nature communications 0 41942423
2025 The auxin phenylacetic acid induces NIN expression in the actinorhizal plant Datisca glomerata, whereas cytokinin acts antagonistically. PloS one 0 39899489
2025 Natural Variation in NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 4 Associated With Spike-Response to Nitrogen in Barley. Plant, cell & environment 0 40159793
2025 Expanding the Clinical Phenotype Associated with the NIN Gene; Report of a Patient with Short Stature, Microcephaly and Hearing Loss. Archives of Iranian medicine 0 40751525
2025 Multi-omics reveals that QKI-mediated NIN exon 18 splicing drives breast cancer cell progression. Cellular signalling 0 41135748
2025 RSD-mediated suppression of NIN and NLP2 transcription is crucial for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The New phytologist 0 41174857
2025 GRAS51 promotes legume symbiotic nitrogen fixation and salt tolerance of nodulation by directly regulating NIN expression. Plant physiology 0 41213871
2025 Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the NIN-LIKE Protein (NLP) Gene Family in Salvia Miltiorrhiza. Biochemical genetics 0 41236691
2025 NIN-like protein 2 regulation of nitrite reductase mediates vacuole integrity in Medicago truncatula nodules under high nitrate. Plant physiology 0 41269885
2014 Simplified ZrTiO x -based RRAM cell structure with rectifying characteristics by integrating Ni/n + -Si diode. Nanoscale research letters 0 24936165
1990 [Clinical and experimental study of wei-nin granules in the treatment of chronic superficial gastritis]. Zhong xi yi jie he za zhi = Chinese journal of modern developments in traditional medicine 0 2397540