Affinage

LSM1

U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm1 · UniProt O15116

Length
133 aa
Mass
15.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
58 papers in source corpus 25 papers cited in narrative 25 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/8 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

LSM1 is the defining subunit of the cytoplasmic Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex, a heptameric Sm-fold ring that activates 5'-to-3' mRNA decay by stimulating decapping and protecting mRNA 3' ends (PMID:15716506, PMID:21487390). Crystallography of the yeast complex establishes a Lsm1-2-3-6-5-7-4 ring topology in which the Lsm1 C-terminal extension plugs the central channel near the RNA-binding pockets, while Pat1 is recognized through Lsm2 and Lsm3 rather than Lsm1 (PMID:24139796, PMID:24247251). The complex preferentially binds oligoadenylated and oligouridylated RNA 3' ends, a discrimination that requires both the Lsm1 Sm domain and its C-terminal extension and is amplified by Pat1, which itself contacts RNA and broadens specificity within the assembled complex (PMID:32518066, PMID:18719247, PMID:22450758, PMID:25035297). Decapping activation requires both the RNA-binding step and facilitation of post-binding steps, whereas 3'-end protection requires only binding, separating the complex's two activities mechanistically (PMID:19643916). Through this decay activity LSM1 controls histone mRNA levels: failure of histone mRNA turnover in lsm1Δ cells produces excess histones and replication-fork instability that is suppressed by reducing histone gene dosage (PMID:21487390), and in mouse zygotes LSM1-mediated decay of major satellite repeat RNA governs correct histone variant incorporation and asymmetric H3K9me3 in the male pronucleus (PMID:36810573). Beyond bulk decay, the complex acts as a selective translational repressor of osmostress-induced mRNAs (PMID:30059503), and in neurons LSm1-containing mRNPs assembled in the nucleus relocate to dendritic spines upon glutamate receptor stimulation, marking them for regulated local translation (PMID:19188494). The Lsm1-7 complex also directly engages positive-strand RNA virus genomes, binding defined regulatory sequences to regulate viral translation and replication (PMID:20181739, PMID:26092942, PMID:25872476). LSM1 was originally identified as CaSm, whose expression is required to maintain the transformed phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells (PMID:9230209).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 23 steps
  1. 1997 Medium

    Established LSM1 (CaSm) as a two-Sm-motif protein whose expression supports the transformed phenotype, providing the first functional link to cell biology.

    Evidence antisense RNA depletion and soft agar colony assays in pancreatic cancer lines

    PMID:9230209

    Open questions at the time
    • No molecular mechanism linking LSM1 to transformation identified
    • Decay/decapping role not yet known at this stage
  2. 2002 High

    Showed that human LSm1-7 colocalizes with the decapping/5'-exonuclease machinery in P-bodies and that complex integrity is required for foci enrichment, placing LSM1 in the mRNA decay pathway.

    Evidence immunofluorescence, FRET, and wild-type/mutant co-expression in human cells

    PMID:12515382

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not establish direct biochemical activity on RNA
    • Causality between foci localization and decay not resolved
  3. 2005 High

    Demonstrated that Lsm1 RNA-contact and inter-subunit residues, and its C-terminal domain beyond the Sm fold, are required for mRNA decay and 3'-end protection independently of P-body localization, separating function from foci targeting.

    Evidence systematic mutagenesis with in vivo decay/3'-protection assays and microscopy in yeast

    PMID:15716506

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not define the chemical specificity of RNA recognition
    • Decapping vs. binding steps not yet dissected
  4. 2008 High

    Identified oligoadenylate-tail recognition as the critical RNA-binding feature for decay, by isolating mutants that retain complex integrity and general RNA binding but lose oligo(A) preference.

    Evidence in vitro RNA binding of purified mutant complexes plus in vivo decay assays

    PMID:18719247

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of oligo(A) discrimination not yet visualized
    • Contribution of Pat1 to specificity not addressed
  5. 2009 High

    Resolved that decapping activation requires both RNA binding and a downstream post-binding step, whereas 3'-end protection requires only binding, and extended specificity to 3' U-tracts of histone mRNAs.

    Evidence allele series, purified-complex binding assays, and in vivo decay/protection assays in yeast

    PMID:19279404 PMID:19643916

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular identity of the post-binding step undefined
    • Mechanism of U-tract recognition not structurally resolved
  6. 2009 Medium

    Linked LSM1 to neuronal mRNP regulation, showing nuclear assembly of LSm1/CBP80 mRNPs and their stimulus-dependent translocation to dendritic spines.

    Evidence immunofluorescence, fractionation, RIP and pharmacological manipulation in neurons

    PMID:19188494

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct mRNA targets in dendrites not defined
    • Whether decay vs. translational control dominates in neurons unresolved
  7. 2009 Medium

    Revealed a moonlighting constraint: LSM1 overexpression sequesters Lsm2-7 from the nuclear Lsm2-8 complex, depleting U6 snRNA and impairing splicing.

    Evidence yeast overexpression, U6 northern blotting, and genetic hypersensitivity analysis

    PMID:19596813

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological relevance of LSM1/Lsm8 competition under normal conditions unclear
  8. 2010 High

    Established direct engagement of viral RNA, showing reconstituted LSm1-7 binds defined 3'-UTR and internal A-rich elements of the BMV genome to regulate viral translation and replication.

    Evidence in vitro binding with recombinant complex plus in vivo BMV reporter mutagenesis in yeast

    PMID:20181739

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether viral binding diverts the complex from cellular decay not addressed
  9. 2011 High

    Defined a key physiological output of LSM1-dependent decay: control of histone mRNA turnover to maintain proper histone stoichiometry and genomic stability.

    Evidence genetic deletion, histone mRNA/protein quantification, and histone-dosage epistasis suppression in yeast

    PMID:21487390

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of selective histone mRNA targeting incompletely defined
  10. 2011 High

    Mapped the assembly route, identifying the LSm5-6-7 hexameric ring as an intermediate that recruits LSm2-3 toward LSm1-7/LSm2-8 complexes.

    Evidence crystallography, NMR, and pull-down assays

    PMID:22001694

    Open questions at the time
    • Order and regulation of final Lsm1 vs. Lsm8 incorporation not fully resolved
  11. 2012 High

    Demonstrated the Lsm1 C-terminal domain is required for RNA binding and decay, with the isolated CTD partially rescuing in trans, defining a discrete functional module.

    Evidence CTD deletion, purified-complex binding assays, in vivo decay/protection, and trans-complementation

    PMID:22450758

    Open questions at the time
    • Atomic role of the CTD in RNA contact not yet visualized
  12. 2013 High

    Provided the structural framework: a defined ring topology with the Lsm1 CTD plugging the central channel and Pat1 recognized via Lsm2/Lsm3, with the Lsm2-3-Pat1C subassembly sufficient to stimulate decapping.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of Lsm1-7, Lsm1-7-Pat1C and Lsm2-3-Pat1C, plus in vitro decapping and mutagenesis

    PMID:24139796 PMID:24247251

    Open questions at the time
    • RNA-bound state not yet captured at this stage
  13. 2013 Medium

    Distinguished LSM1's selective role in viral RNA biology, showing it aids HCV IRES translation activation by miR-122 but not miR-122 repression, cleavage, or RISC recruitment.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown with HCV IRES reporters and miR-122 functional assays

    PMID:24141094

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct LSM1–HCV RNA contact not demonstrated
    • Mechanism of IRES translation enhancement unclear
  14. 2014 High

    Showed Pat1 is itself an RNA contact within the complex, with reconstitution restoring oligo(A) recognition that neither component achieves alone.

    Evidence Lsm1-7 purification from pat1Δ cells, complex reconstitution, in vitro binding, and co-IP domain mapping

    PMID:25035297

    Open questions at the time
    • Spatial arrangement of Pat1 on RNA relative to the Lsm ring not resolved
  15. 2015 Medium

    Dissected distinct viral steps, showing complex integrity is needed for both viral translation and replication-complex recruitment, but intrinsic RNA binding is needed only for translation, with the BMV 1a protein binding RNA-independently.

    Evidence lsm1 allele series in the BMV yeast system with co-IP and RNA-binding assays

    PMID:26092942

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the 1a–complex interaction undefined
  16. 2015 Medium

    Extended direct viral RNA engagement to Dengue virus, with LSM1 binding the 3' UTR at P-bodies and acting as a positive regulator of replication.

    Evidence RIP, dual RNA pull-down, confocal microscopy, and siRNA knockdown with viral readouts

    PMID:25872476

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether binding promotes translation, replication, or genome protection not separated
  17. 2015 Medium

    Connected the LSM1 ortholog to organismal stress resistance via the Insulin/IGF-1–DAF-16 axis in C. elegans.

    Evidence lsm-1 mutants/RNAi, DAF-16::GFP translocation, stress survival assays, and RNA-seq

    PMID:26150554

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct mRNA targets linking LSm decay to DAF-16 regulation unknown
    • Conservation of this axis in mammals untested
  18. 2016 Medium

    Pinpointed specific extreme C-terminal Lsm1 residues that support RNA-binding and decay, refining the functional map of the CTD.

    Evidence site-directed mutagenesis with in vitro binding and in vivo decay assays

    PMID:27434131

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct vs. indirect contribution of these residues to RNA contact not resolved
  19. 2017 Medium

    Clarified the division of labor between LSM1- and LSM8-containing complexes, defining a nuclear Pat1b–Lsm2-8 complex on U6 snRNA distinct from the cytoplasmic Lsm1-7 decay complex.

    Evidence co-IP, immunofluorescence, RIP, and RNA-seq after Pat1b knockdown in human cells

    PMID:28768202

    Open questions at the time
    • Focused on Pat1b/Lsm2-8 rather than LSM1 directly
  20. 2018 Medium

    Defined a non-decay function as a selective translational repressor of osmostress-induced mRNAs, with ribosome accumulation upstream of start codons in mutants.

    Evidence MS2 tagging, polysome profiling, and 5P-Seq in yeast mutants

    PMID:30059503

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which binding blocks initiation not resolved
    • Relationship to decapping activity unclear
  21. 2020 High

    Provided the RNA-bound structural mechanism: 3'-end loading, discrimination against 2',3'-cyclic phosphates, purine recognition by Lsm5, and a Lsm1-CTD gate controlling access to internal sites.

    Evidence four high-resolution structures with RNA-binding and truncation analysis

    PMID:32518066

    Open questions at the time
    • How gating is regulated in vivo not established
  22. 2020 Medium

    Showed Pat1 broadens specificity, increases cooperativity, and drives multimerization and phase separation with Dcp1/Dcp2, linking the complex to condensate formation.

    Evidence in vitro binding, multimerization, and phase-separation assays with recombinant fission-yeast proteins

    PMID:32513655

    Open questions at the time
    • Phase separation not independently replicated
    • In vivo relevance of condensates to decay not demonstrated
  23. 2023 High

    Established a developmental output of LSM1-mediated decay, showing it clears major satellite repeat RNA to enable correct histone variant incorporation and asymmetric H3K9me3 in zygotes.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown, ChIP for histone variants/marks, immunofluorescence, and MajSat RNA knockdown rescue in mouse zygotes

    PMID:36810573

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether canonical decapping machinery is involved in MajSat RNA decay not shown

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How LSM1's biochemical RNA-decay/translational-repression activities are selectively deployed across distinct biological contexts (histone control, viral RNA, stress, neuronal mRNPs, development) and how the complex is regulated to switch between decay, protection, and repression remain open.
  • No unified model linking target selection to the binding-vs-post-binding switch
  • Regulation of CTD gating in vivo unknown
  • Mammalian counterparts of yeast/worm phenotypes largely untested

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003723 RNA binding 7 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3 GO:0140313 molecular sequestering activity 2 GO:0045182 translation regulator activity 1
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 5 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 3 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 1
Partners
DCP1DCP2LSM2LSM3LSM5LSM6LSM7PATL1
Complex memberships
Lsm1-7 ringLsm1-7-Pat1 complexP-body

Evidence

Reading pass · 25 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2002 Human LSm1-7 proteins colocalize with mRNA-degrading enzymes Dcp1/2 and Xrn1 in distinct cytoplasmic foci (P-bodies); complex formation (hLSm1-7 but not hLSm8) is required for enrichment in these foci, as shown by FRET and co-expression of wild-type and mutant LSm proteins. Subcellular localization by immunofluorescence, FRET, co-expression of wild-type and dominant-negative mutants RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 12515382
2013 Crystal structure of S. cerevisiae Lsm1-7 at 2.3 Å shows a heptameric ring with Lsm1-2-3-6-5-7-4 topology; the C-terminal extension of Lsm1 plugs the exit site of the central channel and approaches RNA binding pockets. Structure of Lsm1-7 bound to Pat1 C-terminal domain at 3.7 Å reveals that Pat1 is recognized by Lsm2 and Lsm3, not by Lsm1. X-ray crystallography (2.3 Å and 3.7 Å resolution structures) Cell reports High 24139796
2013 Lsm2 and Lsm3 bridge the interaction between the C-terminus of Pat1 and the Lsm1-7 complex; the Lsm2-3-Pat1C complex stimulates decapping in vitro; crystal structure of Lsm2-3-Pat1C shows three Pat1C molecules surrounding a heptameric Lsm2-3 ring; structure-based mutagenesis confirmed importance of Lsm2-3-Pat1C interactions for decapping activation in vivo. X-ray crystallography, in vitro decapping assay, structure-based mutagenesis, in vivo decapping assays Cell research High 24247251
2005 Mutations in predicted RNA-binding and inter-subunit interaction residues of Lsm1p impair mRNA decay and 3'-end protection, demonstrating that Lsm1p-7p complex integrity and its ability to interact with mRNA are essential for mRNA decay function; C-terminal domain of Lsm1p (beyond the Sm domain) is also required for mRNA decay; mutations affecting RNA-contact residues do not affect P-body localization of the complex. Deletion and point mutagenesis; in vivo mRNA decay assays; northern blotting; P-body localization by fluorescence microscopy Genetics High 15716506
2020 High-resolution cryo-EM/X-ray structures of Lsm1-7 bound to RNA reveal that the complex strongly discriminates against 2',3'-cyclic phosphates and binds oligouridylate tracts with terminal purines; Lsm5 uniquely recognizes purine bases; Lsm1-7 loads onto RNA from the 3' end, and removal of the Lsm1 C-terminal region allows the complex to scan along RNA, suggesting a gated mechanism for accessing internal binding sites. High-resolution structural determination (four structures), RNA-binding assays, truncation analysis RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 32518066
2008 Two lsm1 point mutants produce Lsm1p-7p-Pat1p complexes that retain complex integrity and general RNA-binding properties but fail to preferentially bind oligoadenylated RNA in vitro, and these mutants show strong mRNA decay defects in vivo, demonstrating that oligoadenylate-tail recognition by Lsm1 is crucial for mRNA decay. In vitro RNA-binding assays with purified mutant complexes; in vivo mRNA decay assays; northern blotting RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 18719247
2009 Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex has strong intrinsic binding preference for oligoadenylated mRNAs over polyadenylated mRNAs; this preferential binding is crucial for deadenylation-dependent decapping in the 5'-to-3' pathway; the complex also recognizes U-tracts at the 3' end of RNA, facilitating decapping of histone mRNAs in response to oligouridylation. In vitro RNA binding assays with purified complex; in vivo mRNA decay assays RNA biology Medium 19279404
2009 Decapping activation by the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex requires both mRNA binding AND facilitation of post-binding steps; lsm1-8 mutant is blocked primarily at the RNA-binding step, while lsm1-9 and lsm1-14 mutants are blocked at post-binding steps; mRNA 3'-end protection requires only the binding step. Analysis of lsm1 point mutants; in vitro RNA-binding assays with purified complexes; dominant-negative overproduction experiments; in vivo mRNA decay and 3'-end protection assays RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 19643916
2012 The C-terminal domain (CTD) of Lsm1, beyond its Sm domain, is required for normal RNA-binding activity of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex; CTD deletion severely impairs mRNA decay and 3'-end protection in vivo and RNA binding in vitro; overexpression of the CTD polypeptide in trans partially suppresses these defects. CTD deletion mutants; in vitro RNA-binding assays with purified complexes; in vivo mRNA decay and 3'-end protection assays; trans-complementation RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 22450758
2014 Pat1 directly contacts RNA in the context of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex; Lsm1-7 alone and Pat1 fragments alone have very low RNA binding activity and cannot recognize the oligo(A) tail, but reconstitution of the complex restores both abilities; the middle domain of Pat1 is essential for interaction with the Lsm1-7 complex in vivo. Purification of Lsm1-7 from pat1Δ cells; reconstitution of Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex; in vitro RNA-binding assays; co-immunoprecipitation RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 25035297
2020 Pat1 broadens RNA specificity of Lsm1-7 by enhancing binding to A-rich RNAs and increases cooperativity; Pat1 promotes multimerization of the Lsm1-7 complex potentiated by RNA binding; Pat1's inherent ability to multimerize drives liquid-liquid phase separation with multivalent Dcp1/Dcp2 decapping enzyme complexes. In vitro binding assays with recombinant purified proteins from fission yeast; multimerization assays; phase separation assays RNA (New York, N.Y.) Medium 32513655
2010 Reconstituted recombinant LSm1-7 complexes directly bind two distinct RNA sequences in the BMV genome: a tRNA-like structure at the 3'-UTR and two internal A-rich single-stranded regions; these sequences regulate BMV genome translation and replication in vivo. In vitro RNA binding assays with recombinant reconstituted LSm1-7; in vivo mutagenesis of BMV RNA regulatory sequences; reporter assays in yeast RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 20181739
2015 The Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex integrity is required for both viral RNA translation and recruitment to replication complexes (Brome mosaic virus); however, the intrinsic RNA-binding ability of the complex is only required for translation, not recruitment; the BMV 1a protein interacts with the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex in an RNA-independent manner. Collection of lsm1 mutant alleles; BMV replication system in yeast; co-immunoprecipitation; RNA-binding assays RNA (New York, N.Y.) Medium 26092942
2013 LSm1 (P-body protein) contributes to activation of HCV IRES-driven translation by miR-122, but is not required for miR-122 repressive function at 3' UTR sites, cleavage at perfectly complementary sites, or miR-122 stimulation of HCV replication; LSm1 does not influence RISC recruitment to the HCV 5'UTR. siRNA knockdown of LSm1; HCV IRES reporter assays; miR-122 functional assays; RISC recruitment assays Nucleic acids research Medium 24141094
2015 LSm1 binds directly to the 3' UTR of Dengue virus RNA (demonstrated by two independent methodologies); this interaction occurs at P-bodies in the cytoplasm; LSm1 knockdown reduces viral RNA levels and infectious particle production, establishing LSm1 as a positive regulator of DENV replication. RNA immunoprecipitation; RNA pull-down (two independent methods); confocal immunofluorescence; siRNA knockdown with viral RNA quantification International journal of molecular medicine Medium 25872476
2011 Lsm1 is required for genomic stability in S. cerevisiae; lsm1Δ cells show defects in recovery from replication-fork stalling and DNA damage sensitivity; the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex targets histone mRNAs for decay in yeast, and excess histones accumulate in lsm1Δ cells; reduction of histone gene dosage suppresses the replication-fork instability phenotype of lsm1Δ cells, establishing that improper histone stoichiometry (due to failed histone mRNA decay) causes genomic instability. Genetic deletion; northern blotting for histone mRNA levels; histone protein quantification; genetic epistasis (histone gene dosage suppression); DNA damage sensitivity assays The EMBO journal High 21487390
2009 In neurons, LSm1 is partially nuclear and associates with intact mRNAs together with the nuclear cap-binding protein CBP80, indicating the dendritic LSm1-mRNP complex is assembled in the nucleus; inhibition of mRNA synthesis increases nuclear LSm1 localization; upon stimulation of glutamatergic receptors, both LSm1 and CBP80 shift significantly into dendritic spines, suggesting translational activation of these mRNPs. Immunofluorescence co-localization; subcellular fractionation; live cell imaging; RNA immunoprecipitation; pharmacological manipulation of mRNA synthesis and glutamate receptors The Journal of cell biology Medium 19188494
2009 LSM1 over-expression in yeast inhibits growth primarily through depletion of U6 snRNA, thereby impairing pre-mRNA splicing; excess Lsm1 reduces availability of Lsm2-7 proteins for assembly with Lsm8 into the nuclear Lsm2-8 complex that stabilizes U6 snRNA; this is supported by hypersensitivity to loss of other U6 snRNA production/function factors. Yeast over-expression; U6 snRNA northern blotting; genetic hypersensitivity analysis; splicing assays Nucleic acids research Medium 19596813
2018 The Lsm1-7/Pat1 complex binds preferentially to osmostress-induced mRNAs (STL1, GPD1) and acts as a selective translational repressor; lsm1 and pat1 mutants show defective global translation inhibition under osmotic stress, with abnormally high polysome association of mRNAs; 5P-Seq shows increased ribosome accumulation upstream of start codons in lsm1 mutants, particularly for osmostress-induced mRNAs. MS2 RNA tagging for mRNA-protein interaction identification; polysome profiling; 5P-Seq (ribosome footprinting); genetic mutant analysis; protein level measurements PLoS genetics Medium 30059503
2011 Crystal structure of the LSm5-6-7 (LSm657) assembly intermediate at 2.5 Å reveals a hexameric ring with canonical Sm fold; NMR confirms hexameric assembly in solution; pull-down and NMR experiments show LSm657 can incorporate LSm2-3, identifying LSm657 as a building block on the assembly route toward the LSm1-7 and LSm2-8 complexes. X-ray crystallography (2.5 Å); NMR spectroscopy; pull-down assays Journal of molecular biology High 22001694
2016 Specific residues at the very C-terminal end of Lsm1 are functionally important for the RNA-binding activity of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex and for mRNA decay in vivo; these residues support function by facilitating RNA binding either directly or indirectly. Site-directed mutagenesis of Lsm1 C-terminal extension; in vitro RNA-binding assays with purified mutant complexes; in vivo mRNA decay assays PloS one Medium 27434131
2015 C. elegans lsm-1 mutants show impaired heat stress-induced nuclear translocation of the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16, heightened sensitivity to thermal stress and starvation, while lsm-1 overexpression has the opposite effect; under stress, cytoplasmic LSm proteins aggregate into granules in an LSM-1-dependent manner; lsm-1 and lsm-3 are required for aging and pathogen resistance regulated by the Insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway. C. elegans genetic mutants and RNAi; DAF-16::GFP reporter for nuclear translocation; stress survival assays; RNA-seq; fluorescence microscopy of granule formation RNA (New York, N.Y.) Medium 26150554
2023 LSM1 mediates major satellite repeat RNA (MajSat RNA) decay in mouse zygotes; knockdown of Lsm1 disrupts nonequilibrium pronucleus histone H3.3 incorporation and asymmetric H3K9me3 modification in the male pronucleus; accumulated MajSat RNA in Lsm1-depleted oocytes causes abnormal H3.1 incorporation into the male pronucleus; knockdown of MajSat RNA rescues the anomalous histone incorporation in Lsm1-knockdown zygotes. siRNA knockdown; RNA quantification; chromatin immunoprecipitation for histone variants and modifications; immunofluorescence; epistasis by MajSat RNA knockdown rescue Nature communications High 36810573
1997 CaSm (LSM1) encodes a 133-amino acid protein containing two Sm motifs; antisense CaSm RNA reduces the transformed phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells (soft agar colony formation), indicating CaSm expression is necessary for maintenance of the transformed state. Antisense RNA expression; soft agar colony formation assay Cancer research Medium 9230209
2017 Human Pat1b forms a nuclear complex with Lsm2-8 that binds spliceosomal U6 snRNA and connects to SART3 and U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP components in Cajal bodies; Pat1b depletion causes preferential upregulation of mRNAs normally found in P-bodies (enriched in AU-rich elements) and changes in >180 alternative splicing events. Co-immunoprecipitation; immunofluorescence; RNA immunoprecipitation; RNAi knockdown; RNA sequencing Cell reports Medium 28768202

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 58 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2002 The human LSm1-7 proteins colocalize with the mRNA-degrading enzymes Dcp1/2 and Xrnl in distinct cytoplasmic foci. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 303 12515382
2022 Many roads lead to CASM: Diverse stimuli of noncanonical autophagy share a unifying molecular mechanism. Science advances 128 36288315
2013 Architecture of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex: a conserved assembly in eukaryotic mRNA turnover. Cell reports 65 24139796
2005 Mutations in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae LSM1 gene that affect mRNA decapping and 3' end protection. Genetics 54 15716506
2009 Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex: a link between 3' and 5'-ends in mRNA decay? RNA biology 53 19279404
2006 Transforming function of the LSM1 oncogene in human breast cancers with the 8p11-12 amplicon. Oncogene 51 17001308
2011 Lsm1 promotes genomic stability by controlling histone mRNA decay. The EMBO journal 47 21487390
2009 Dendritic LSm1/CBP80-mRNPs mark the early steps of transport commitment and translational control. The Journal of cell biology 45 19188494
2025 A STING-CASM-GABARAP pathway activates LRRK2 at lysosomes. The Journal of cell biology 40 39812709
1997 CaSm: an Sm-like protein that contributes to the transformed state in cancer cells. Cancer research 37 9230209
2014 Pat1 contributes to the RNA binding activity of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 35 25035297
2013 Lsm2 and Lsm3 bridge the interaction of the Lsm1-7 complex with Pat1 for decapping activation. Cell research 35 24247251
2010 LSm1-7 complexes bind to specific sites in viral RNA genomes and regulate their translation and replication. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 35 20181739
2020 Molecular basis for the distinct cellular functions of the Lsm1-7 and Lsm2-8 complexes. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 34 32518066
2016 The CaSm (LSm1) oncogene promotes transformation, chemoresistance and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. Oncogenesis 31 26751936
2009 Activation of decapping involves binding of the mRNA and facilitation of the post-binding steps by the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 30 19643916
2017 Dual RNA Processing Roles of Pat1b via Cytoplasmic Lsm1-7 and Nuclear Lsm2-8 Complexes. Cell reports 29 28768202
2018 The Lsm1-7/Pat1 complex binds to stress-activated mRNAs and modulates the response to hyperosmotic shock. PLoS genetics 26 30059503
2008 CaSm (LSm-1) overexpression in lung cancer and mesothelioma is required for transformed phenotypes. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 25 18218995
2015 The Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex promotes viral RNA translation and replication by differential mechanisms. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 23 26092942
2009 LSM1 over-expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae depletes U6 snRNA levels. Nucleic acids research 23 19596813
2008 lsm1 mutations impairing the ability of the Lsm1p-7p-Pat1p complex to preferentially bind to oligoadenylated RNA affect mRNA decay in vivo. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 22 18719247
2013 The P body protein LSm1 contributes to stimulation of hepatitis C virus translation, but not replication, by microRNA-122. Nucleic acids research 20 24141094
2022 Integrated analysis of pivotal biomarker of LSM1, immune cell infiltration and therapeutic drugs in breast cancer. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 18 35692083
2023 The role of LSM1 in breast cancer: Shaping metabolism and tumor-associated macrophage infiltration. Pharmacological research 17 37995895
2015 LSm1 binds to the Dengue virus RNA 3' UTR and is a positive regulator of Dengue virus replication. International journal of molecular medicine 17 25872476
2003 CaSm antisense gene therapy: a novel approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Anticancer research 17 12894573
2002 Down-regulation of Lsm1 is involved in human prostate cancer progression. British journal of cancer 17 11953827
2015 Cytoplasmic LSM-1 protein regulates stress responses through the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 15 26150554
2012 Both Sm-domain and C-terminal extension of Lsm1 are important for the RNA-binding activity of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 15 22450758
2011 Structure of the LSm657 complex: an assembly intermediate of the LSm1-7 and LSm2-8 rings. Journal of molecular biology 15 22001694
2001 CaSm/gemcitabine chemo-gene therapy leads to prolonged survival in a murine model of pancreatic cancer. Surgery 15 11490361
2020 Pdc2/Pat1 increases the range of decay factors and RNA bound by the Lsm1-7 complex. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 14 32513655
2021 Genomic Mapping of Splicing-Related Genes Identify Amplifications in LSM1, CLNS1A, and ILF2 in Luminal Breast Cancer. Cancers 11 34439272
2023 LSM1-mediated Major Satellite RNA decay is required for nonequilibrium histone H3.3 incorporation into parental pronuclei. Nature communications 10 36810573
2022 mRNA Decapping Factors LSM1 and PAT Paralogs Are Involved in Turnip Mosaic Virus Viral Infection. Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI 10 35100808
2021 A new flavor of cellular Atg8-family protein lipidation - alternative conjugation to phosphatidylserine during CASM. Autophagy 10 34251968
2013 The cellular decapping activators LSm1, Pat1, and Dhh1 control the ratio of subgenomic to genomic Flock House virus RNAs. Journal of virology 10 23536653
2005 Establishing a murine pancreatic cancer CaSm model: up-regulation of CaSm is required for the transformed phenotype of murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 10 15727932
2005 Bystander effect contributes to the antitumor efficacy of CaSm antisense gene therapy in a preclinical model of advanced pancreatic cancer. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 10 16226492
2022 The cytoplasmic LSm1-7 and nuclear LSm2-8 complexes exert opposite effects on Hepatitis B virus biosynthesis and interferon responses. Frontiers in immunology 9 36016928
2019 Homozygous noncanonical splice variant in LSM1 in two siblings with multiple congenital anomalies and global developmental delay. Cold Spring Harbor molecular case studies 7 31010896
2022 LSM1 is the new candidate gene for neurodevelopmental disorder. European journal of medical genetics 6 36100156
1997 Lineage- and differentiation stage-specific expression of LSM-1 (LPAP), a possible substrate for CD45, in human hematopoietic cells. American journal of hematology 6 8980254
2025 BLTP3A is associated with membranes of the late endocytic pathway and is an effector of CASM. The EMBO journal 4 40935891
2024 CASM mediates LRRK2 recruitment and activation under lysosomal stress. Autophagy 4 38497477
2023 TECPR1 helps bridge the CASM during lysosome damage. The EMBO journal 4 37638605
1990 Serum and serotonin induce retraction of calf aortic smooth muscle (CASM) cells in vitro: inhibition by ketanserin, a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist. Experimental cell research 4 2298230
2025 BLTP3A is associated with membranes of the late endocytic pathway and is an effector of CASM. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 3 39386594
2023 The separate axes of TECPR1 and ATG16L1 in CASM. Autophagy 3 37676042
2023 Correlation between LSM1 Expression and Clinical Outcomes in Glioblastoma and Functional Mechanisms. International journal of genomics 3 37954131
2024 Individual Atg8 paralogs and a bacterial metabolite sequentially promote hierarchical CASM-xenophagy induction and transition. Cell reports 2 38656870
2025 LSM1 c.231+4A>C hotspot variant is associated with a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome: first patient cohort. Journal of medical genetics 1 40204357
2026 The Lsm1-7 complex couples 3'-end protection to histone H4 acetylation to maintain mRNA homeostasis in Fusarium graminearum. Nucleic acids research 0 41805128
2026 Lsm1 Coordinates Mitochondrial Homeostasis, TORC1 Signaling, and Virulence in Candida albicans. Microorganisms 0 42075169
2026 The Rice Stripe Virus p2 Interacts With Lsm1 and Disrupts the Lsm1-Lsm4 Complex to Facilitate the Viral infection. Molecular plant pathology 0 42093213
2026 A role for CASM in the repair of damaged Golgi architecture. Autophagy 0 42115886
2016 Mutagenic Analysis of the C-Terminal Extension of Lsm1. PloS one 0 27434131

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