Affinage

IL1R2

Interleukin-1 receptor type 2 · UniProt P27930

Length
398 aa
Mass
45.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
68 papers in source corpus 25 papers cited in narrative 25 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 5/5 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

IL-1R2 is a structurally truncated decoy receptor that restrains IL-1-driven inflammation across immune and non-immune tissues by competing with the signaling receptor IL-1R1 for IL-1 ligands and the co-receptor IL-1RAP; lacking a TIR domain, it cannot transduce signal and instead exists in membrane-bound, shed, and soluble decoy forms (PMID:23195532). Its cell-surface and secreted forms sequester IL-1β and tether cell-surface IL-1α, and ADAM17-mediated shedding releases the ectodomain upon LPS stimulation (PMID:23817563, PMID:32447774); structural truncation shows that the transmembrane domain restrains secretion while the cytoplasmic domain is dispensable for extracellular IL-1 neutralization (PMID:41391869). Functionally, IL-1R2 acts as a brake on local IL-1 responses—restraining IL-1-driven chemokine and antimicrobial-peptide production in epithelia and monocytes (PMID:20590818, PMID:29366788, PMID:39610166), scavenging free IL-1 in germinal centers and the thymus via Treg/Tfr-expressed receptor to limit T-cell help and preserve Treg development (PMID:28887367, PMID:31988493, PMID:38329807), and protecting cardiomyocytes from ischemic apoptosis (PMID:35087030). Beyond decoy activity, IL-1R2 has intracellular-domain functions: an IL-1β-induced intracellular domain binds the deubiquitinase USP15 to stabilize BMI1 and promote tumor-initiating-cell self-renewal (PMID:31921558), it binds and inhibits the glycolytic enzyme ENO1 to suppress GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis and protect against sepsis (PMID:40704655), and it modulates transcription factor stability (YY1 degradation driving PD-L1 expression) in tumor-associated macrophages (PMID:38657120). IL-1R2 surface expression is tightly controlled by multiple inputs: PKC/MEK/ERK and NF-κB signaling, glucocorticoids, fasting-induced free fatty acids, Wnt/β-catenin, and EZH2-mediated H3K27Me3 repression (PMID:26116359, PMID:35087030, PMID:26530134, PMID:25071776, PMID:36524678).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 7 steps
  1. 2012 High

    Established the core mechanism: IL-1R2 is a non-signaling decoy that neutralizes IL-1 by competing for ligand and co-receptor, defining the conceptual frame for all later work.

    Evidence Review synthesizing binding assays, domain truncation analyses, and soluble receptor studies

    PMID:23195532

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not resolve relative contributions of membrane vs soluble forms in vivo
    • Intracellular-domain functions not yet addressed
  2. 2013 High

    Identified neutrophils as the major constitutive IL-1R2 reservoir and ADAM17 as the sheddase, linking inflammatory stimulus (LPS) to release of decoy ectodomain.

    Evidence Pull-down binding assays, in vitro LPS stimulation, and in vivo peritonitis/lung injury models

    PMID:23817563

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of shed sIL-1R2 in vivo not quantified
    • Sheddases beyond ADAM17 not excluded in all contexts
  3. 2019 High

    Revealed a signaling-independent intracellular function: the IL-1β-induced IL-1R2 intracellular domain enhances USP15 deubiquitinase activity to stabilize BMI1, promoting tumor-initiating-cell self-renewal.

    Evidence Co-IP, domain mapping to USP15 UBL2, K81 deubiquitination assay, and in vivo tumor assays

    PMID:31921558

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of ICD release/cleavage not defined
    • Generality beyond breast tumor cells unknown
  4. 2024 High

    Extended intracellular activity to immune evasion: IL-1R2 drives YY1 degradation to derepress c-Fos and upregulate PD-L1 in tumor-associated macrophages and TNBC cells.

    Evidence Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, transcription-factor pathway dissection, and in vivo TNBC models

    PMID:38657120

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct enzyme mediating YY1 ubiquitination not identified
    • Link between surface decoy and intracellular signaling not unified
  5. 2025 High

    Connected IL-1R2 to metabolic control of cell death: binding and inhibition of ENO1 suppresses glycolysis-driven GSDMD pyroptosis, protecting against sepsis.

    Evidence Proteomic screen, Co-IP, ENO1 enzymatic activity assay, IL-1R2 KO mice, and ENO1-inhibitor rescue

    PMID:40704655

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of ENO1 inhibition not resolved
    • Which IL-1R2 form (ICD vs full-length) binds ENO1 unclear
  6. 2024 High

    Demonstrated cell-type-specific IL-1 scavenging in vivo: Tfr-restricted IL-1R2 limits germinal center responses, with germline vs conditional KO comparison exposing developmental compensation.

    Evidence Tfr-specific conditional Il1r2 deletion, IL-1 blockade epistasis, immunization and GC flow cytometry

    PMID:38329807

    Open questions at the time
    • Nature of compensatory mechanism in germline KO undefined
    • Booster-immunization independence not mechanistically explained
  7. 2025 Medium

    Defined the structural determinants of IL-1R2 secretion and decoy activity, showing the transmembrane domain restrains secretion while the cytoplasmic domain is dispensable for extracellular IL-1 inhibition.

    Evidence Deletion-mutant (ΔTM, ΔTMCP) overexpression in HeLa with binding, secretion, and IL-8 readouts

    PMID:41391869

    Open questions at the time
    • Single cell line, single study
    • Physiological generation of truncated variants not established

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How IL-1R2's distinct forms (surface decoy, shed ectodomain, soluble, intracellular domain) are coordinately regulated and partitioned to its many context-specific functions remains unresolved.
  • No unified model linking ICD release to decoy function
  • Tissue-specific switching between decoy and intracellular roles uncharacterized
  • No structural model of IL-1R2 in complex with intracellular partners

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4 GO:0140313 molecular sequestering activity 3 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 2
Localization
GO:0005576 extracellular region 3 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-168256 Immune System 4 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2
Partners
ENO1IL1AIL1BIL1RAPUSP15YY1

Evidence

Reading pass · 25 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2012 IL-1R2 acts as a decoy receptor for IL-1: its truncated cytoplasmic domain and lack of Toll-IL-1 receptor (TIR) region renders it incapable of transmembrane signaling. IL-1R2 competes with IL-1R1 for IL-1 ligands and for the IL-1R1 co-receptor IL-1RAP. IL-1R2 exists in both membrane-bound and soluble forms (sIL-1R2), both functioning as decoy/binding proteins. Review synthesizing prior experimental findings (binding assays, domain truncation analyses, soluble receptor studies) Brain, behavior, and immunity High 23195532
2013 Mouse neutrophils are the major constitutive expressors of IL-1R2. Pull-down experiments showed that mouse IL-1β binds to bone marrow granulocyte (BMG) IL-1R2, whereas IL-1Ra binding could not be detected. LPS treatment induced shedding of IL-1R2 from the neutrophil membrane in vitro and in vivo, executed mainly by ADAM17. Ex vivo cell isolation, IL-1R2 pull-down binding assay, in vitro LPS stimulation, in vivo peritonitis and acute lung injury models, flow cytometry Journal of leukocyte biology High 23817563
2019 IL-1β induces release of the IL-1R2 intracellular domain (icd-IL1R2), which then interacts with the deubiquitinase USP15 at its UBL2 domain and promotes USP15 activity, leading to BMI1 deubiquitination at lysine 81 and BMI1 protein stabilization, thereby promoting breast tumor-initiating cell (BTIC) self-renewal. Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mapping, deubiquitination assay, site-specific mutagenesis (K81), in vitro and in vivo tumor growth assays, neutralizing antibody experiments Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) High 31921558
2024 IL-1R2 activation by TAM-derived IL-1β increases PD-L1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and TNBC cells by interacting with the transcription factor YY1, inducing YY1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Loss of YY1 alleviates transcriptional repression of c-Fos, which then acts as a transcriptional activator of PD-L1. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, siRNA knockdown, overexpression, transcription factor binding assays, in vivo TNBC mouse models, flow cytometry Cancer research High 38657120
2025 Proteomic screening identified enolase 1 (ENO1), a key glycolysis enzyme, as a direct binding partner of IL-1R2 in macrophages. IL-1R2 suppresses ENO1 enzymatic activity, thereby inhibiting glycolysis, gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis, and inflammation. IL-1R2-deficient mice show heightened susceptibility to sepsis with increased pyroptosis and mortality; ENO1 inhibition rescues this phenotype. Proteomic screening (binding partner identification), co-immunoprecipitation, ENO1 enzymatic activity assay, IL-1R2 knockout mice, in vivo sepsis model, flow cytometry for pyroptosis Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) High 40704655
2015 IL-1R2 expression is induced by ingenol mebutate via the PKC/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in keratinocytes. siRNA knockdown of IL-1R2 partially rescued ingenol mebutate-treated cells from death, functionally linking IL-1R2 induction downstream of PKCδ/MEK/ERK to reduced cell viability. Transcriptional profiling, pathway inhibition, phosphorylation screen, siRNA knockdown, cell viability assay in primary keratinocytes and SCC cells, human skin explants Molecular cancer therapeutics Medium 26116359
2010 EGFR-TK inhibition (by PD153035) reduces IL-1R2 protein levels in keratinocytes. Reduction in IL-1R2 by RNA interference increased IL-1-mediated CCL2 and CCL5 mRNA and protein expression, demonstrating that IL-1R2 normally suppresses IL-1-driven chemokine production in keratinocytes. RNAi knockdown, immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR, protein expression analysis in HaCaT and HSC-1 keratinocyte cell lines Experimental dermatology Medium 20590818
2017 Tfr cells express IL-1R2 and IL-1Ra and suppress IL-1-induced activation of Tfh cells. In vitro, IL-1 treatment activated Tfh cell production of IL-4 and IL-21; Tfr cells suppressed this IL-1-dependent activation as efficiently as the IL-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra, mechanistically via IL-1R2-mediated IL-1 sequestration. Immunophenotyping (Bcl6/PD-1/CXCR5/Foxp3/CD25 staining), transcriptome analysis, in vivo IL-1 treatment, in vitro co-culture suppression assays, cytokine measurement (IL-4, IL-21) Science immunology Medium 28887367
2020 In thymic organ cultures (RTOCs), IL-1R2+ Tregs (but not IL-1R2- Tregs) abrogated IL-1β-mediated blockade of intrathymic Treg development, demonstrating that recirculating IL-1R2+ Tregs can quench IL-1 signaling in the thymus to maintain thymic Treg development under inflammatory conditions. Fetal thymic organ culture (FTOC), reaggregated thymic organ culture (RTOC), flow cytometry (RAG1-GFP reporter mice, Foxp3-hCD2 reporter), cell sorting and reconstitution Cellular & molecular immunology Medium 31988493
2024 Specific conditional deletion of IL-1R2 in germinal center Tfr cells increased the GC response (Tfh cells, GC B cells, antigen-specific antibodies) after primary but not booster immunization; this phenotype was reversed by IL-1 blockade. IL-1R2 resolves inflammation by rapidly scavenging free IL-1. Germline Il1r2-/- mice did not show this GC phenotype, implying developmental compensation, whereas conditional adult deletion recapitulated it. Conditional knockout (Tfr cell-specific Il1r2 deletion), IL-1 blockade rescue experiment, flow cytometry for GC markers, immunization with antigen-specific antibody measurement, germline vs. conditional KO comparison JCI insight High 38329807
2022 IL-1R2 deficiency in cardiomyocytes increases cardiomyocyte apoptosis and infarct size after ischemia/reperfusion. IL-1R2 overexpression in cardiomyocytes protected against apoptosis by reducing IL-17RA expression both in vivo and in vitro. NF-κB activation mediates IL-1R2 induction upon hypoxia/reoxygenation in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. IL-1R2 knockout mice (I/R surgery), cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cell model, apoptosis assays, NF-κB inhibition, IL-17RA expression measurement Cell death & disease Medium 35087030
2022 In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cells, depletion of IL-1R2 inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced G1 cell cycle arrest; RNA sequencing revealed JAK2/STAT3 pathway involvement. These functions were mediated by the intracellular domain of IL-1R2, not the extracellular domain. siRNA depletion, overexpression, cell cycle analysis, invasion/migration assays, RNA sequencing, domain-specific constructs (intracellular vs. extracellular) Pathology, research and practice Medium 36029680
2015 In intestinal epithelial cells during UC remission, IL-1R2 expression is negatively regulated by Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colonic crypts; epithelial stem cells upregulate IL-1R2 upon differentiation. Blocking IL-1R2 in isolated colonic crypt cultures boosted IL-1β-dependent production of inflammation-related cytokines, demonstrating a functional role for epithelial IL-1R2 in restraining local IL-1 signaling. Transcriptional and protein analysis of intestinal mucosa, colonic crypt cultures, epithelial stem cell cultures, Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibition, IL-1R2 blocking experiments, cytokine measurement Mucosal immunology Medium 26530134
2018 Transcription factor Zbtb38, whose promoter is hypomethylated in arthritic B cells, directly represses transcription of IL1r2 (and IL1rn) in B cells, forming a molecular bridge between an arthritis-associated epimutation and suppression of the anti-inflammatory IL-1R2 pathway. DNA methylation analysis, gene expression studies, Zbtb38 overexpression/knockdown in B cells, chromatin/promoter binding assays in murine RA model Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms Medium 30343694
2018 IL-1R2 deficiency in mice results in milder DSS-induced colitis when housed separately from wild-type mice, associated with altered gut microbiota composition (reduced Actinobacteria and Bacilli). Mechanistically, IL-1β induces expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from the colon, and IL-1R2 normally suppresses this IL-1β-induced AMP production, thereby promoting growth of proinflammatory intestinal microbiota. Il1r2-/- mouse model, DSS colitis, co-housing vs. separate housing comparison, 16S microbiota analysis, AMP expression assay upon IL-1β stimulation Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 29366788
2020 Pro-IL-1α tethers to the plasma membrane of macrophages in part through IL-1R2 or via association with a GPI-anchored protein after TLR ligation; membrane-bound IL-1R2 is a binding partner for cell-surface IL-1α (csIL-1α). csIL-1α trafficking to the plasma membrane is inhibited by IFN-γ independently of expression level. TLR ligation, validated antibody-based detection system, co-immunoprecipitation/pulldown for IL-1R2–IL-1α interaction, GPI-anchor disruption, IFN-γ treatment, live-cell imaging European journal of immunology Medium 32447774
2018 miR-383-3p targets IL1R2 directly (validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay). Upregulation of miR-383-3p decreased IL1R2 expression and reduced caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 expression and cell apoptosis in homocysteine-induced coronary artery endothelial cells; these effects were reversed by miR-383-3p inhibitors. IL1R2 knockdown with siRNA phenocopied miR-383-3p overexpression, confirming IL1R2 as the functional target. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, miRNA mimic/inhibitor transfection, siRNA knockdown of IL1R2, ELISA for cytokines, MTT/Hoechst/tube formation assays Journal of cellular biochemistry Medium 29693751
2014 Fasting-induced increases in plasma free fatty acids (FFAs), specifically palmitate, drive upregulation of IL-1R2 (83-fold in adipose tissue, 9.5-fold in liver) and IL-1RA in mice, independent of glucocorticoid action (mifepristone did not block the effect). This IL-1R2 induction confers IL-1 resistance, protecting fasted mice from IL-1β-induced weight-loss, hypoglycemia, and locomotor changes. Mouse fasting model, gene expression analysis, protein quantification (western blot/ELISA), mifepristone glucocorticoid blockade, palmitate administration, IL-1β challenge Frontiers in immunology Medium 25071776
2022 Oxidative stress decreases EZH2 expression and reduces H3K27Me3 levels in endometriosis ovarian granulosa cells. ChIP-seq identified IL-1R2 as a target gene repressed by the EZH2-H3K27Me3 axis. Selective Ezh2 depletion in mouse granulosa cells increased IL-1R2 expression, blocked IL-1β-mediated amplification of ovulation signals, and reduced fertility, establishing an EZH2 → H3K27Me3 → IL-1R2 repression axis controlling ovulation. H3K27Me3 ChIP-sequencing, Ezh2 conditional knockout in granulosa cells, IL-1β stimulation assay, fertility assay, gene expression analysis Endocrinology Medium 36524678
2024 IL-1R2 deficiency specifically in monocytes (conditional knockout) does not affect their steady-state life cycle but increases CCL2 secretion in the inflamed peritoneum, amplifying monocyte recruitment from blood. In autoimmune neuro-inflammation, monocyte-specific Il1r2 deficiency exacerbates disease severity. Conditional monocyte-specific Il1r2 knockout mice, peritonitis model, neuro-inflammation model, CCL2 measurement, flow cytometry for monocyte trafficking European journal of immunology Medium 39610166
2025 IL1R2 upregulation in neutrophils (conditional overexpression) promotes M2 macrophage polarization and reduces lung inflammation in an LPS-induced ALI mouse model. CellChat and hdWGCNA analysis highlighted IL1R2 as a key mediator in neutrophil-to-macrophage signaling in immune regulation. Conditional Il1r2 overexpression in neutrophils, LPS-induced ALI mouse model, scRNA-seq, CellChat cell-cell communication analysis, hdWGCNA, immunofluorescence, western blot, M2 macrophage phenotyping Scientific reports Medium 41213982
2025 IL1R2 upregulation in tumor-infiltrating Tregs (tiTregs) results from T-cell receptor-mediated Treg triggering in a Rel-dependent fashion. IL1R2 itself is dispensable for tiTreg abundance and activation and did not influence tumor growth when blocked with an ADCC-dead antibody. However, ADCC-active anti-IL1R2 nanobody-Fc constructs selectively depleted IL1R2+ tiTregs and elicited antitumor immunity in synergy with anti-PD-1. scRNA-seq/CITE-seq, conditional knockout, TCR stimulation assay, Rel inhibition, ADCC-dead vs ADCC-active nanobody-Fc constructs, tumor-bearing mouse models, flow cytometry Cancer research Medium 40960523
2025 Structurally truncated IL-1R2 variants lacking the transmembrane domain (ΔTM) or both transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains (ΔTMCP) are secreted more efficiently than wild-type IL-1R2. WT IL-1R2 shows weak intracellular interaction with IL-1α and most effectively suppresses IL-1α extracellular release, whereas ΔTM and ΔTMCP show enhanced extracellular decoy activity (greater suppression of IL-1β-induced IL-8 production). These structural modifications demonstrate that the transmembrane domain restrains secretion but the cytoplasmic domain is not required for extracellular IL-1 inhibition. Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, ELISA for IL-1α binding and IL-8 production, deletion mutant overexpression in HeLa cells Cell structure and function Medium 41391869
2026 IL1R2 is a surface marker specific to an SSC subpopulation that enables functional sorting of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in human and mouse. Lineage tracing (Il1r2-CreERT2/Rosa26-mTmG) confirmed IL1R2+ SSCs self-renew and differentiate to support spermatogenesis. Following spermatogenic disruption, IL1R2+ SSCs reactivate for proliferation via the PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 pathway to replenish the SSC pool. In silico marker identification, FACS-based cell sorting, Il1r2-CreERT2/Rosa26mTmG lineage tracing mouse model, transplantation assay, PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 pathway inhibitor/agonist studies, spermatogenesis disruption model Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) Medium 41486830
2009 IL-1R2 transcript length is regulated by alternate splicing: a long membrane-bound (mIL1R2) and a short soluble (sIL1R2) transcript are produced. The major inhibitory function is attributed to full-length mIL1R2. Dexamethasone induces IL1R2 expression in PBMC, and this induction correlates with clinical glucocorticoid responsiveness in AIED patients. RT-PCR for splice variants, PBMC stimulation with dexamethasone, autologous perilymph stimulation, correlation with clinical hearing response PloS one Low 19401759

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 68 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2012 IL-1 receptor 2 (IL-1R2) and its role in immune regulation. Brain, behavior, and immunity 198 23195532
2009 Selective expression of latency-associated peptide (LAP) and IL-1 receptor type I/II (CD121a/CD121b) on activated human FOXP3+ regulatory T cells allows for their purification from expansion cultures. Blood 159 19299332
2017 Tfr cells lack IL-2Rα but express decoy IL-1R2 and IL-1Ra and suppress the IL-1-dependent activation of Tfh cells. Science immunology 124 28887367
1999 Interleukin-1 receptor cluster: gene organization of IL1R2, IL1R1, IL1RL2 (IL-1Rrp2), IL1RL1 (T1/ST2), and IL18R1 (IL-1Rrp) on human chromosome 2q. Genomics 88 10191101
2018 Tuning inflammation and immunity by the negative regulators IL-1R2 and IL-1R8. Immunological reviews 87 29247989
2011 A whole genome methylation analysis of systemic lupus erythematosus: hypomethylation of the IL10 and IL1R2 promoters is associated with disease activity. Genes and immunity 61 22048455
2019 IL1R2 Blockade Suppresses Breast Tumorigenesis and Progression by Impairing USP15-Dependent BMI1 Stability. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 57 31921558
2013 Mouse neutrophils express the decoy type 2 interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R2) constitutively and in acute inflammatory conditions. Journal of leukocyte biology 55 23817563
2022 Negative Regulation of the IL-1 System by IL-1R2 and IL-1R8: Relevance in Pathophysiology and Disease. Frontiers in immunology 53 35211118
2009 Alternate splicing of interleukin-1 receptor type II (IL1R2) in vitro correlates with clinical glucocorticoid responsiveness in patients with AIED. PloS one 51 19401759
2016 Whole Genome DNA Methylation Analysis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: IL1R2, NPR2, AR, SP140 Methylation and Clinical Phenotype. Sleep 43 26888452
2018 Regulation of IL-1 signaling by the decoy receptor IL-1R2. Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) 40 30109367
2024 IL1R2 Blockade Alleviates Immunosuppression and Potentiates Anti-PD-1 Efficacy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer research 39 38657120
2020 Recirculating IL-1R2+ Tregs fine-tune intrathymic Treg development under inflammatory conditions. Cellular & molecular immunology 38 31988493
2015 Ingenol Mebutate Signals via PKC/MEK/ERK in Keratinocytes and Induces Interleukin Decoy Receptors IL1R2 and IL13RA2. Molecular cancer therapeutics 38 26116359
2015 Epithelial IL-1R2 acts as a homeostatic regulator during remission of ulcerative colitis. Mucosal immunology 31 26530134
2022 Cardiomyocyte IL-1R2 protects heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating IL-17RA-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Cell death & disease 30 35087030
2010 Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors induce CCL2 and CCL5 via reduction in IL-1R2 in keratinocytes. Experimental dermatology 25 20590818
2018 The anti-inflammatory effect of microRNA-383-3p interacting with IL1R2 against homocysteine-induced endothelial injury in rat coronary arteries. Journal of cellular biochemistry 24 29693751
2017 Association of genetic polymorphisms in IL-1R1 and IL-1R2 genes with IgA nephropathy in the Han Chinese population. Oncotarget 18 28881593
2010 ANTXR2 and IL-1R2 polymorphisms are not associated with ankylosing spondylitis in Chinese Han population. Rheumatology international 17 20652271
2018 IL-1R2 deficiency suppresses dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice via regulation of microbiota. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 16 29366788
2014 Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of type 2 interleukin-1 receptor (IL1R2) inhibits the proliferation of human osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) 16 25432697
2020 LncRNA A2M-AS1 lessens the injury of cardiomyocytes caused by hypoxia and reoxygenation via regulating IL1R2. Genes & genomics 15 33057899
2018 Transcription factor Zbtb38 downregulates the expression of anti-inflammatory IL1r2 in mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms 15 30343694
2017 IL1R2, CCR2, and CXCR4 May Form Heteroreceptor Complexes with NMDAR and D2R: Relevance for Schizophrenia. Frontiers in psychiatry 14 28261115
2015 Association of IL-1R2 genetic polymorphisms with the susceptibility of ankylosing spondylitis in Northern Chinese Han population. Modern rheumatology 14 25736356
2000 IL-1beta induced changes in hypothalamic IL-1R1 and IL-1R2 mRNA expression in the rat. Brain research. Molecular brain research 14 10925153
2022 IL1R2 promotes tumor progression via JAK2/STAT3 pathway in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Pathology, research and practice 13 36029680
2022 Decreased Expression of EZH2 in Granulosa Cells Contributes to Endometriosis-Associated Infertility by Targeting IL-1R2. Endocrinology 13 36524678
2021 IL-1R2 expression in human gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Bioscience reports 13 33704402
2014 Fasting Induces IL-1 Resistance and Free-Fatty Acid-Mediated Up-Regulation of IL-1R2 and IL-1RA. Frontiers in immunology 13 25071776
2025 Monocyte-macrophage membrane expression of IL-1R2 is a severity biomarker in sepsis. Cell death & disease 12 40204720
2020 Cell surface IL-1α trafficking is specifically inhibited by interferon-γ, and associates with the membrane via IL-1R2 and GPI anchors. European journal of immunology 12 32447774
2019 Genetic polymorphisms in IL1R1 and IL1R2 are associated with susceptibility to thyroid cancer in the Chinese Han population. The journal of gene medicine 12 31021479
2018 The impact of genetic variants in IL1R2 on cervical cancer risk among Uygur females from China: A case-control study. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 12 30460760
2021 High expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes IL-1β and IL-1R2 upon TLR4 activation in Takayasu arteritis. Rheumatology international 11 33528653
2019 Impact of IL1R1 and IL1R2 gene polymorphisms on risk of osteonecrosis of the femoral head from a case-control study. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 11 30623603
2025 Critical Role of IL1R2-ENO1 Interaction in Inhibiting Glycolysis-Mediated Pyroptosis for Protection Against Lethal Sepsis. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 10 40704655
2024 Negative regulator IL-1 receptor 2 (IL-1R2) and its roles in immune regulation of autoimmune diseases. International immunopharmacology 10 38850793
2005 Development of a sandwich ELISA assay for measuring bovine soluble type II IL-1 receptor (IL1R2) concentration in serum and milk. Cytokine 10 16213746
2024 Loss of T follicular regulatory cell-derived IL-1R2 augments germinal center reactions via increased IL-1. JCI insight 9 38329807
2019 Association between the IL1R2 rs2072472 polymorphism and high-altitude pulmonary edema risk. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 9 30672138
2022 Over-expression of IL1R2 in PBMCs of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Its Clinical Significance. Anatolian journal of cardiology 8 35943312
2019 Association between IL-1R2 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in the Chinese Han population: A case-control study. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 8 30895747
2018 IL1R1 and IL1R2 polymorphisms were associated with tuberculosis risk: A pilot study. The journal of gene medicine 8 30256493
2024 IL1R2 Acts as a Negative Regulator of Monocyte Recruitment During Inflammation. European journal of immunology 7 39610166
2019 The Relationship Between Cytokine Production, CSF2RA, and IL1R2 Expression in Mammary Adenocarcinoma, Tumor Histopathological Parameters, and Lymph Node Metastasis. Technology in cancer research & treatment 7 31635541
2023 Single-cell analysis reveals novel clonally expanded monocytes associated with IL1β-IL1R2 pair in acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Scientific reports 6 37041166
2021 IL1R2 polymorphisms and their interaction are associated with osteoporosis susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. International journal of immunogenetics 6 34664761
2025 Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals an IL1R2+Treg subset driving immunosuppressive microenvironment in HNSCC. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 4 40131478
2025 IL-1R2 as a Precision Therapeutic Target in Sepsis: Molecular Insights into Immune Regulation. Current issues in molecular biology 3 40699828
2019 Influence of IL-1R2 polymorphisms on endometrial cancer susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 3 30895748
2025 CD121b-positive neutrophils predict immunosuppression in septic shock. Frontiers in immunology 2 40230851
2025 IL-1R2 promotes tumorigenesis and modulates the tumor immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 2 40767963
2025 Beyond Negative Regulation: IL-1R8 and IL-1R2 as Novel Immune Checkpoints. European journal of immunology 2 40911342
2025 Depleting IL1R2+ Tumor-Infiltrating Regulatory T Cells with an ADCC-Prone Nanobody Construct Boosts the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy. Cancer research 2 40960523
2025 Neutrophil-derived Il1r2 modulates inflammation and alleviates acute lung injury by promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Scientific reports 2 41213982
2023 IL1R2 promotes retinal angiogenesis to participate in retinopathy of prematurity by activating the HIF1α/PFKFB3 pathway. Experimental eye research 2 38097102
2016 [Cloning and expression analysis of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and its receptor, IL-1R2, in the Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus]. Molekuliarnaia biologiia 2 27830678
2026 IL1R2 Marks and Sorts a Spermatogonial Stem Cell Population Critical for Restoring Spermatogenesis Upon Interruption in Mammals. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 0 41486830
2026 DNA methylation of the IL1R2 gene is associated with porcine placental development and birth weight. iScience 0 41816291
2026 IL1R2 Deficiency Unleashes Neutrophil-Mediated Antitumor Potential in Sarcoma. Cancer immunology research 0 41824510
2025 Neutrophil-related IL1R2 gene predicts the occurrence and early progression of myocardial infarction. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine 0 40231027
2025 Characterization of type 2 interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R2) as an inhibitory regulator of trained immunity in teleost. Fish & shellfish immunology 0 40398502
2025 VNN2 and IL1R2 Identified as Potential Molecular Signatures in Granulosa Cells and Blood of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets 0 41114485
2025 Structural truncation of IL-1R2 enhances the anti-inflammatory activity of HeLa cells. Cell structure and function 0 41391869
2019 [Teleost Type 2 Interleukin-1 Receptor (IL-1R2) from the Spotted Halibut (Verasper variegatus): 3D Structure and a Role in Immune Response]. Molekuliarnaia biologiia 0 31099779

Missed literature

Know a paper Affinage missed for IL1R2? Flag it for the maintainers and the community.

No submissions yet.