Affinage

HDAC3

Histone deacetylase 3 · UniProt O15379

Round 2 corrected
Length
428 aa
Mass
48.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus 44 papers cited in narrative 44 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

HDAC3 is a class I histone deacetylase that serves as the catalytic engine of NCoR/SMRT corepressor complexes, removing acetyl (and lactyl) marks from histones and a broad array of non-histone substrates—including RelA, p53, Stat3, FOXO1, MutSβ, α-tubulin, SRF, glutamine synthetase, and Nrf2—to regulate transcription, NF-κB signaling, DNA repair, and cytoskeletal dynamics (PMID:9501169, PMID:11533489, PMID:15653507, PMID:32900932, PMID:31498540, PMID:35044827). HDAC3 is enzymatically inactive alone and requires the DAD/SANT domain of SMRT or NCoR for catalytic activation, a process positively regulated by inositol phosphates and antagonized by NADPH, with additional post-translational control via GSK3β, PINK1, CK2α, c-Src phosphorylation and Mdm2-mediated monoubiquitination (PMID:11509652, PMID:33462516, PMID:32731255, PMID:21289184, PMID:25305081, PMID:31358320). Catalytic-dead knock-in studies reveal a deacetylase-independent scaffold function essential for hepatic lipid metabolism, spermatogenesis, and macrophage inflammatory gene activation, where HDAC3 is recruited to chromatin by transcription factors such as Rev-erbα, BCL6, ATF2, SOX30, HOXB13, and KLF5 independently of its enzymatic activity (PMID:24268577, PMID:33939832, PMID:32760002, PMID:35468964). Tissue-specific deletions demonstrate that HDAC3 is required for circadian hepatic lipogenesis control, intestinal epithelial immune tolerance, lymphovenous valve development, uterine decidualization, and neuronal survival (PMID:21900149, PMID:36602872, PMID:29035278, PMID:30626716, PMID:21289184).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 14 steps
  1. 1998 High

    Cloning of HDAC3 established it as a trichostatin A-sensitive nuclear histone deacetylase and human RPD3 ortholog, providing the first enzymatic characterization of this class I family member.

    Evidence cDNA cloning with in vitro deacetylase assay on histones and nucleosomes, inhibitor profiling

    PMID:9501169

    Open questions at the time
    • No information on cofactor requirement for activity
    • No non-histone substrates identified
    • No in vivo functional data
  2. 2000 High

    Identification of HDAC3 as the catalytic subunit within ~1.5–2 MDa NCoR/SMRT corepressor complexes resolved how HDAC3 engages nuclear receptor-mediated transcriptional repression.

    Evidence Immunoaffinity purification of SMRT/NCoR complexes, co-IP, functional antibody injection in Xenopus oocytes

    PMID:10944117

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of HDAC3 activation within the complex unknown
    • No structural data on the HDAC3-corepressor interface
  3. 2001 High

    Discovery that recombinant HDAC3 is catalytically inert and requires the DAD/SANT domain of SMRT/NCoR for activation fundamentally redefined HDAC3 as an obligate corepressor-dependent enzyme, and simultaneously identified RelA and Stat3 as its first non-histone substrates linking HDAC3 to NF-κB termination and JAK-STAT signaling.

    Evidence In vitro reconstitution with purified DAD domain, DAD mutagenesis; direct deacetylation assays on RelA and Stat3 with functional readouts

    PMID:11509652 PMID:11533489 PMID:15653507

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for DAD-mediated activation unknown
    • How HDAC3 selects non-histone substrates unresolved
  4. 2002 High

    Demonstration that class II HDACs (HDAC4 etc.) lack intrinsic deacetylase activity and depend on HDAC3 within NCoR/SMRT complexes for their attributed enzymatic function repositioned HDAC3 as the central catalytic component of multiple deacetylase complexes.

    Evidence In vitro reconstitution showing HDAC4 contributes no activity; disruption of HDAC4-SMRT interaction abolishes measured activity

    PMID:11804585

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether class IIa HDACs have any residual non-canonical catalytic activity debated
    • No in vivo genetic confirmation at this stage
  5. 2011 Medium

    Genome-wide ChIP-seq in liver coupled with tissue-specific knockout established that HDAC3 is recruited in a circadian fashion by Rev-erbα to lipid metabolism genes, and its loss causes hepatic steatosis, providing the first systems-level view of HDAC3's in vivo epigenomic function.

    Evidence ChIP-seq of HDAC3, NCoR, Rev-erbα in mouse liver sampled across circadian cycle; liver-specific Hdac3 KO phenotyping

    PMID:21900149

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether circadian phenotype is deacetylase-dependent or scaffold-dependent unknown
    • No human liver validation
  6. 2013 High

    Catalytic-dead HDAC3 knock-in mice rescued hepatosteatosis in HDAC3-depleted liver, proving a deacetylase-independent transcriptional function and demonstrating that NCoR (but not SMRT) interaction is essential for this scaffold role—fundamentally separating enzymatic from non-enzymatic HDAC3 activities in vivo.

    Evidence Deacetylase-dead HDAC3 knock-in plus liver-specific NCOR and SMRT conditional knockouts with transcriptomic and metabolic analysis

    PMID:24268577

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism of the scaffold/non-enzymatic function unknown
    • Whether scaffold function operates in tissues beyond liver unresolved at this point
  7. 2016 High

    Discovery that BCL6/SMRT/HDAC3 complexes suppress MHC class II enhancers and that HDAC3 loss rescues CREBBP-mutant lymphomas linked HDAC3's corepressor function to immune evasion in cancer.

    Evidence ChIP-seq, HDAC3 conditional KO, in vitro and in vivo lymphoma models

    PMID:27733359

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether HDAC3 inhibitors can replicate genetic KO in lymphoma patients untested
    • Contribution of HDAC3 scaffold function vs. catalytic function at MHC II loci not dissected
  8. 2017 High

    Endothelium-specific Hdac3 deletion revealed its requirement for lymphovenous valve formation, and mechanistic studies showed HDAC3 paradoxically recruits p300 to form an enhanceosome at Gata2, demonstrating a non-canonical transcriptional activator role beyond its classical repressive function.

    Evidence Endothelium-specific conditional KO, co-IP of Tal1/Gata2/Ets1/2 with Hdac3, ChIP, shear-stress assay

    PMID:29035278

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for HDAC3-p300 cooperation at enhanceosomes unknown
    • Whether this activator mechanism operates at other vascular loci unresolved
  9. 2019 High

    Identification of MutSβ as a direct HDAC3 substrate whose deacetylation promotes trinucleotide repeat expansion—without affecting canonical mismatch repair—uncovered a DNA repair-specific HDAC3 function with therapeutic implications for repeat expansion diseases.

    Evidence HDAC3-selective inhibitor RGFP966, lysine-to-arginine mutagenesis bypass, expansion assay, mismatch repair assay

    PMID:32900932

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo validation in trinucleotide repeat disease models incomplete
    • Whether other DNA repair proteins are HDAC3 substrates unknown
  10. 2020 High

    Dual studies established that HDAC3 activity is regulated by microbiota-derived InsP3 (activating) and endogenous NADPH (inhibiting via competitive displacement of Ins(1,4,5,6)P4 from the HDAC3–NCoR interface), identifying metabolite-level control of HDAC3 in intestinal epithelium and beyond.

    Evidence Germ-free mouse models with InsP3/phytate supplementation and organoid assays; biochemical NADPH binding and competition assays disrupting HDAC3–NCoR interaction

    PMID:32731255 PMID:33462516

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural visualization of NADPH and InsP3/IP4 binding to the HDAC3–NCoR interface lacking
    • Physiological NADPH concentrations at HDAC3 binding sites in vivo not measured
  11. 2020 High

    Macrophage-specific studies using catalytic-dead knock-in dissected HDAC3's dual role: deacetylase-independent activation of inflammatory genes at ATF2-bound sites (without NCoR) and deacetylase-dependent suppression at ATF3-bound sites, explaining why HDAC3 deletion but not catalytic inactivation protects from lethal endotoxemia.

    Evidence Macrophage-specific HDAC3 KO plus catalytic-dead knock-in, ChIP-seq for HDAC3/NCoR/ATF2/ATF3, RNA-seq, in vivo LPS challenge

    PMID:32760002

    Open questions at the time
    • How HDAC3 activates transcription without NCoR and without catalytic activity mechanistically unresolved
    • Whether similar bifunctional logic applies in other immune cells untested
  12. 2021 High

    Catalytic-dead HDAC3 knock-in rescued male fertility despite histone hyperacetylation, proving the scaffold function extends to spermatogenesis; SOX30 was identified as the transcription factor recruiting HDAC3 to testicular chromatin.

    Evidence Three independent testis-specific KO lines, catalytic-dead knock-in, H3K27ac and HDAC3 ChIP-seq, SOX30 depletion

    PMID:33939832

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the protein(s) mediating the scaffold-dependent transcriptional output in testes unknown
    • Whether SOX30-HDAC3 interaction is direct or bridged by NCoR unresolved
  13. 2022 High

    Demonstration that HDAC3 (along with HDAC1/2) functions as a histone lysine delactylase expanded the enzyme's catalytic repertoire beyond deacetylation to include removal of lactyl marks and other short-chain acyl modifications.

    Evidence Systematic in vitro enzymatic screen across HDAC family, in-cell delactylation validation

    PMID:35044827

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological significance of HDAC3-mediated delactylation in vivo not established
    • Substrate specificity for lactyl vs. acetyl marks under physiological conditions unknown
  14. 2023 Medium

    Selective PROTAC-mediated degradation of HDAC3/8 showed that loss of HDAC3 protein does not cause histone hyperacetylation comparable to pan-HDAC inhibitors, indicating that much of the transcriptomic effect of HDAC inhibitors arises from enzymatic inhibition of redundant HDACs rather than loss of HDAC3 protein per se.

    Evidence PROTAC degrader YX968, quantitative proteomics, histone acetylation analysis, transcriptomics

    PMID:37572669

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether scaffold functions are preserved or lost upon PROTAC-mediated degradation untested
    • Specificity of YX968 for HDAC3 vs. HDAC8 contributions not fully deconvolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The molecular basis of HDAC3's deacetylase-independent scaffold function—including how it activates transcription without catalytic activity and without NCoR at certain loci—remains mechanistically unresolved and represents the central open question for the field.
  • No structural model of HDAC3 in its scaffold/activation mode
  • Whether scaffold function involves a distinct protein interaction surface or conformational state unknown
  • Systematic identification of all non-histone HDAC3 substrates vs. scaffold targets not performed

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 9 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 4 GO:0042393 histone binding 3 GO:0016787 hydrolase activity 2
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 6 GO:0000228 nuclear chromosome 5 GO:0005654 nucleoplasm 3 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 1
Pathway
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 7 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 6 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 6 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 5 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 4 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 3 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 2 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 1 R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 1
Partners
BCL6HOXB13NCOR1NCOR2PDCD5RELASOX30TP53
Complex memberships
BCL6/SMRT/HDAC3 complexNCoR complexSMRT complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 44 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1998 HDAC3 was identified as a human ortholog of yeast RPD3, encoding a 428-amino acid nuclear protein with deacetylase activity on free histones and purified nucleosomes, inhibited by trichostatin A, trapoxin, and butyrate. cDNA cloning, immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, in vitro deacetylase assay, nuclear fractionation Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 9501169
2000 Both SMRT and N-CoR corepressors exist in large (~1.5–2 MDa) protein complexes containing HDAC3, and HDAC3-containing SMRT/N-CoR complexes bind unliganded thyroid hormone receptors; antibodies against HDAC3 or SMRT/N-CoR partially relieve TR/RXR-mediated repression in Xenopus oocytes. Immunoaffinity chromatography, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro binding assay, Xenopus oocyte microinjection The EMBO journal High 10944117
2001 SMRT and N-CoR function as activating cofactors for HDAC3: recombinant HDAC3 alone is enzymatically inactive, but a deacetylase activating domain (DAD) within one SANT motif of SMRT (and cognate DAD in N-CoR) is necessary and sufficient to activate HDAC3 catalytic activity; DAD mutations that abolish HDAC3 interaction also eliminate HDAC activity and SMRT's major repression function. In vitro reconstitution with purified components, mutagenesis of DAD, HDAC activity assay Molecular and cellular biology High 11509652
2001 HDAC3 deacetylates the RelA subunit of NF-κB at lysine residues; deacetylation by HDAC3 promotes effective binding of RelA to IκBα, leading to CRM-1-dependent nuclear export of the NF-κB–IκBα complex, thereby terminating nuclear NF-κB transcriptional responses. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro deacetylation assay, nuclear export assay, functional reporter assay Science High 11533489
2002 Class II HDACs (HDAC4 and related) are enzymatically inactive on their own; the HDAC activity attributed to HDAC4 immunoprecipitates is entirely dependent on HDAC3 recruited via SMRT/N-CoR. In vitro reconstitution experiments demonstrated that HDAC4 does not contribute to enzymatic activity in the SMRT/N-CoR–HDAC3 complex. In vitro reconstitution, immunoprecipitation, HDAC activity assay, suppression of HDAC4-SMRT/N-CoR interaction Molecular cell High 11804585
2005 HDAC3 (type I HDAC) deacetylates Stat3 at Lys685; p300-mediated Stat3 acetylation at Lys685 promotes stable Stat3 dimerization required for cytokine-stimulated DNA binding and transcriptional activation, and this is reversible by class I HDACs including HDAC3. Immunoprecipitation, in vitro deacetylation assay, site-directed mutagenesis (K685R), reporter assay, PC3 reconstitution Science High 15653507
2006 Laminar flow (shear stress) activates and stabilizes HDAC3 through the Flk-1–PI3K–Akt signaling pathway in embryonic stem cells; activated HDAC3 deacetylates p53, leading to p21 activation and stem cell differentiation into endothelial cells. A similar pathway operates downstream of VEGF. Shear stress assay, pharmacological inhibition/siRNA knockdown, co-immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, differentiation assays, mouse vascular injury model The Journal of cell biology Medium 16982804
2008 NF-κB p65 facilitates recruitment of HDAC3 to the antioxidant response element (ARE) via interaction with CBP or MafK, causing local histone hypoacetylation and repression of Nrf2-ARE target genes including heme oxygenase-1. ChIP, co-immunoprecipitation, reporter assay, overexpression/knockdown in cells Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 18241676
2011 HDAC3 has selective neurotoxic activity: forced expression kills cerebellar granule neurons and cortical neurons but not non-neuronal cells. Neurotoxicity is inhibited by IGF-1/Akt signaling and by GSK3β inhibition. GSK3β directly phosphorylates HDAC3, suggesting neuronal death-promoting action of GSK3β is partly mediated through HDAC3 phosphorylation. Forced expression, shRNA knockdown, pharmacological treatment, in vitro kinase assay showing HDAC3 is a GSK3β substrate The Journal of neuroscience Medium 21289184
2011 Genome-wide ChIP-seq in mouse liver revealed a circadian pattern of HDAC3 occupancy on lipid metabolism genes, inversely correlated with histone acetylation and RNA Pol II recruitment; the HDAC3 cistrome overlaps extensively with those of its binding partner NCoR and the nuclear receptor Rev-erbα, establishing that Rev-erbα directs circadian epigenomic remodeling by HDAC3 to control hepatic lipogenesis. ChIP-seq (genome-wide), liver-specific Hdac3 knockout mouse, hepatic steatosis phenotyping Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology Medium 21900149
2013 HDAC3 deacetylase activity is required for transcriptional repression of lipogenic genes in mouse liver; however, deacetylase-dead HDAC3 mutants rescue hepatosteatosis and repress lipogenic gene expression in HDAC3-depleted liver, demonstrating a deacetylase-independent transcriptional function. Interaction with NCOR (but not SMRT) is essential for HDAC3's non-enzymatic in vivo function; liver-specific NCOR knockout phenocopies HDAC3 loss. Deacetylase-dead HDAC3 knock-in, liver-specific conditional knockout (NCOR, SMRT, HDAC3), pharmacological HDAC inhibition in primary hepatocytes, transcriptomic analysis Molecular cell High 24268577
2014 PINK1 phosphorylates HDAC3 at Ser-424 to enhance its deacetylase activity in neural cells; PINK1-mediated phosphorylation prevents H2O2-induced C-terminal cleavage of HDAC3 (reversed by protein phosphatase 4c), enhances HDAC3's direct association with p53, and causes p53 hypoacetylation, suppressing p53-dependent apoptosis in dopaminergic neurons. In vitro kinase assay, co-immunoprecipitation, phosphomimetic/phosphodead mutants, PINK1 knockout MEFs, oxidative stress assay Human molecular genetics Medium 25305081
2015 PDCD5 selectively mediates dissociation of HDAC3 from p53 under genotoxic stress; casein kinase 2α phosphorylates PDCD5 at Ser-119 to enhance its stability and importin-13-mediated nuclear translocation, after which PDCD5 triggers HDAC3 cleavage and ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation, allowing p53 stabilization. Co-immunoprecipitation, PDCD5 knockout MEFs, reconstitution with PDCD5-WT, in vitro kinase assay, ubiquitination assay Nature communications Medium 26077467
2016 BCL6 forms a complex with SMRT and HDAC3 that binds to MHC class II loci and suppresses enhancer H3K27 acetylation; CREBBP loss enables unopposed deacetylation by the BCL6/SMRT/HDAC3 complex at these enhancers. HDAC3 loss-of-function rescues repression of MHC class II and other enhancer-associated genes, and suppresses CREBBP-mutant lymphomas. ChIP-seq, HDAC3 conditional knockout, in vitro and in vivo lymphoma models, co-immunoprecipitation Cancer discovery High 27733359
2017 HDAC3 binds chromatin at the hepcidin (HAMP) locus together with NCOR1 to regulate hepcidin expression; HDAC3 knockdown counteracts hepcidin suppression induced by erythroferrone or inhibition of BMP signaling; the HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966 increases hepcidin in iron-deficient mice. ChIP, siRNA knockdown, HDAC3-selective inhibitor RGFP966, in vivo iron-deficiency mouse model, RNA-seq Nature communications Medium 28864822
2017 HDAC3 controls mouse uterine receptivity and decidualization: conditional deletion of Hdac3 in progesterone receptor-positive cells causes infertility due to implantation failure. ChIP-seq identified COL1A1 and COL1A2 as direct HDAC3 targets; HDAC3 loss leads to p300 recruitment to these genes and their aberrant transcriptional activation. Conditional knockout mouse (Pgr-Cre;Hdac3-flox), expression microarray, ChIP-seq, primary human endometrial stromal cell culture, p300 inhibition rescue Science translational medicine High 30626716
2018 HDAC3 inhibition suppresses PAX3:FOXO1 fusion oncogene abundance in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma by reducing SMARCA4 chromatin remodeling activity, which derepresses miR-27a, leading to PAX3:FOXO1 mRNA destabilization. Selective HDAC3 inhibition (entinostat), shRNA knockdown, miR-27a overexpression, cell and mouse xenograft models Science signaling Medium 30459282
2019 HDAC3 directly deacetylates p53, and this interaction is promoted by PINK1-mediated HDAC3 phosphorylation at Ser-424. Separately, PP4-dependent dephosphorylation of HDAC3 (at the same or related sites) inactivates HDAC3 following peripheral nerve injury, enabling H3K9 hyperacetylation and a regenerative gene expression response; HDAC3 inhibition overcomes regenerative failure after spinal cord injury. Pharmacological screen, calcium imaging, phosphatase 4 genetics, ChIP-seq (H3K9ac), RNA-seq, genetic/pharmacological HDAC3 inhibition in vivo The EMBO journal Medium 31268609
2019 HDAC3 directly deacetylates MutSβ (Msh2-Msh3); HDAC3 inhibition suppresses trinucleotide repeat expansions without affecting canonical mismatch repair. Five key lysine residues in Msh3 are direct HDAC3 deacetylation targets; arginine substitution at these sites partially bypasses the inhibitory effect of RGFP966, confirming direct deacetylation. HDAC3 activity also partially controls nuclear localization of MutSβ via an NLS-overlapping deacetylation region. HDAC3-selective inhibitor RGFP966, site-directed mutagenesis of Msh3 lysines, expansion assay, subcellular localization analysis, mismatch repair activity assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 32900932
2020 During macrophage activation by LPS, HDAC3 is recruited to ATF2-bound sites without NCoR1/2 and activates inflammatory gene expression through a non-canonical deacetylase-independent mechanism. At ATF3-bound sites, HDAC3 deacetylase activity is selectively engaged to suppress Toll-like receptor signaling. HDAC3 loss protects mice from lethal LPS exposure, but catalytic-dead HDAC3 does not confer this protection. Macrophage-specific HDAC3 knockout, catalytic-dead HDAC3 knock-in, ChIP-seq (HDAC3, NCoR1/2, ATF2, ATF3), RNA-seq, LPS challenge in vivo Nature High 32760002
2020 Microbiota-derived inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3), produced from phytate by commensal bacteria including E. coli, directly promotes HDAC3 activity in intestinal epithelial cells, stimulating HDAC3-dependent epithelial proliferation and countering butyrate inhibition of colonic growth. Germ-free vs. microbiota-replete mice, InsP3/phytate supplementation, intestinal organoid assay with human tissue, HDAC3 activity assay Nature High 32731255
2021 NADPH directly binds HDAC3 and interrupts the association between HDAC3 and its co-activators SMRT/NCoR1/2, thereby impairing HDAC3 activation. NADPH and the inositol tetraphosphate Ins(1,4,5,6)P4 compete for the same binding domains on HDAC3; NADPH has higher affinity, whereas Ins(1,4,5,6)P4 promotes HDAC3-NCoR complex formation. Biochemical NADPH-HDAC3 binding assay, co-immunoprecipitation showing disruption of HDAC3-NCoR complex, HDAC3 activity assay, genetic manipulation of NADPH-producing enzymes Nature metabolism High 33462516
2021 HDAC3 controls male fertility through an enzyme-independent transcriptional mechanism at the meiotic-to-postmeiotic transition in spermatogenesis: testis-specific HDAC3 knockout causes infertility and meiotic arrest, but catalytic-dead HDAC3 (mutations abolishing NCoR/SMRT interaction) does not cause infertility despite producing histone hyperacetylation. SOX30 is required for genomic recruitment of HDAC3 to its testicular binding sites. Three independent testis-specific conditional knockout lines, catalytic-dead knock-in mice, RNA-seq, H3K27ac ChIP-seq, HDAC3 ChIP-seq, SOX30 depletion Nucleic acids research High 33939832
2017 Hdac3 is required for lymphovenous and lymphatic valve formation; endothelium-specific Hdac3 deletion causes blood-filled lymphatics, edema, and lethality. In response to oscillatory shear stress, transcription factors Tal1, Gata2, and Ets1/2 physically interact with and recruit Hdac3 to an E-box-GATA-ETS enhancer element in Gata2, where Hdac3 recruits histone acetyltransferase Ep300 to form an enhanceosome that promotes Gata2 expression. Endothelium-specific conditional knockout mouse, co-immunoprecipitation of Tal1/Gata2/Ets1/2 with Hdac3, ChIP, shear-stress assay, enhancer reporter assay The Journal of clinical investigation High 29035278
2022 HOXB13 interacts with HDAC3 (disrupted by the HOXB13 G84E early-onset prostate cancer mutation) and recruits HDAC3 to lipogenic enhancers to catalyze histone deacetylation and suppress fatty acid synthase and other lipogenic regulators independently of androgen receptor. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP-seq, HDAC3 inhibition, xenograft tumor model, analysis of human prostate cancer tissues Nature genetics Medium 35468964
2018 PIWIL2 stabilizes HDAC3 by competitive association with E3 ubiquitin ligase Siah2, preventing ubiquitin-mediated HDAC3 degradation; PIWIL2 also enhances HDAC3 activity by facilitating interaction between HDAC3 and CK2α, promoting CK2α-mediated HDAC3 phosphorylation. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, in vitro kinase assay, HDAC activity assay Cell death & disease Medium 29555935
2019 Mdm2 directly interacts with HDAC3, induces HDAC3 monoubiquitination (requiring Mdm2 RING domain), and stabilizes HDAC3 protein levels; MdmX cooperates with Mdm2 in this regulation. Loss of Mdm2 decreases HDAC3 levels and reduces cell migration. Co-immunoprecipitation, ectopic expression/knockdown, monoubiquitination assay with RING-mutant Mdm2, cell migration assay Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 31358320
2019 HDAC3 loss in aged mouse oocytes contributes to meiotic defects: HDAC3 protein is substantially reduced in old oocytes, and HDAC3 overexpression partially prevents spindle/chromosome disorganization and aneuploidy. HDAC3 deacetylates α-tubulin at K40; acetylation-mimetic tubulin-K40Q disrupts kinetochore-microtubule attachments, while nonacetylatable K40R alleviates defects in aged oocytes. HDAC3 overexpression in aged oocytes, site-directed mutagenesis of tubulin K40, spindle assembly assay, kinetochore-microtubule attachment analysis Aging cell Medium 31498540
2022 Class I HDACs including HDAC3 function as histone lysine delactylases in vitro and in cells: systematic screening demonstrated HDAC1–3 cleave ε-N-L-lactyllysine marks as well as D-lactyl and other short-chain acyl modifications, with in-cell validation for HDAC1 and HDAC3. Systematic in vitro enzymatic screen of HDACs, cell-based de-lactylation assay Science advances High 35044827
2019 HDAC3 directly deacetylates p53 to suppress p53-dependent apoptosis, as demonstrated by HDAC3 association with p53 on chromatin. Under genotoxic stress, PDCD5-mediated HDAC3 dissociation from p53 allows p53 activation. Separately, HDAC3 occupancy on Bdnf and Npas4 promoters is increased in dying neurons, and HDAC3 overexpression suppresses Bdnf and Npas4 expression, while HDAC3 inhibition upregulates them. ChIP-seq in cerebellar granule neurons, ChIP, overexpression/inhibitor (RGFP966), promoter reporter assay BMC neuroscience Medium 31883511
2019 c-Src phosphorylates HDAC3 at Tyr-328 and Tyr-331 downstream of EGFR signaling; phosphorylated HDAC3 shows higher deacetylase activity, is recruited to the plasma membrane following EGF stimulation, and promotes breast cancer cell invasion. Phospho-specific antibody generation, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase/phosphatase assay (PP2 c-Src inhibitor), TIRF imaging, invasion assay, phosphodead mutant HDAC3Y328/331A Cells Medium 31430896
2023 HDAC3 directly deacetylates FOXO1 and promotes its nuclear translocation in LPS-treated type II alveolar epithelial cells; nuclear FOXO1 in turn promotes ROCK1 transcription, and ROCK1 phosphorylated by RhoA disrupts mitochondrial quality control and triggers acute lung injury. HDAC3 conditional knockout mouse (AT2-specific), co-immunoprecipitation, FOXO1 acetylation assay, ROCK1 promoter ChIP, rescue experiments with RGFP966 Redox biology Medium 37244125
2023 Hepatic HDAC3 regulates iron homeostasis via the Hippo/YAP pathway: Hdac3 liver-specific KO mice show reduced hepcidin mRNA; Hdac3 loss increases nuclear YAP translocation, and YAP binds repressor sites in the HAMP promoter to suppress hepcidin. Constitutively active YAP phenocopies Hdac3 loss; Yap knockdown in Hdac3-LKO mice reduces hepcidin loss and iron-overload injury. Liver-specific Hdac3 KO mouse, Hippo pathway inhibitor, constitutively active YAP knock-in (K342M), YAP knockdown, promoter reporter assay, transcription profiling Research Medium 38034086
2023 HDAC3 interacts with transcription factor KLF5 and the complex binds the Gpx4 promoter upon aristolochic acid treatment, causing local histone hypoacetylation and GPX4 transcriptional repression, promoting ferroptosis during AKI-CKD transition; HDAC3 KO or RGFP966 treatment restores GPX4 and prevents ferroptosis. HDAC3 KO mouse, ChIP (HDAC3 and KLF5 on Gpx4 promoter), HDAC3 overexpression/inhibition, GPX4 inactivator rescue experiment in vivo Redox biology Medium 37890360
2023 HDAC3 directly binds promoter regions of CXCL9, 10, and 11 chemokine genes to repress their expression; Hdac3-deficient tumor cells express high levels of these chemokines, recruiting CXCR3+ T cells to suppress tumor growth in immunocompetent mice. Hdac3 knockout tumor cells, ChIP (HDAC3 at CXCL promoters), immunocompetent vs immunodeficient mouse tumor models Cancer immunology research Medium 36898011
2023 HDAC3/8 dual PROTAC degrader (YX968) selectively degrades HDAC3 and HDAC8 without pan-HDAC inhibitory effects; degradation of HDAC3/8 does not induce histone hyperacetylation, indicating that histone hyperacetylation is a major driver of transcriptomic perturbation by HDAC inhibitors rather than loss of HDAC3/8 protein per se. PROTAC-mediated targeted protein degradation, quantitative proteomics (selectivity), histone acetylation analysis, transcriptomics Cell chemical biology Medium 37572669
2023 HDAC3 deacetylates Nrf2; interaction between HDAC3 and Nrf2 was shown by immunoprecipitation. HDAC3 overexpression decreases Nrf2 acetylation and Nrf2-dependent gene expression, contributing to oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes. Co-immunoprecipitation, adenoviral HDAC3 overexpression, RGFP966 treatment, acetylation assay of Nrf2 Journal of advanced research Low 39505146
2024 HDAC3 in microglia regulates post-stroke proliferation of proinflammatory but not anti-inflammatory microglia; HDAC3 knockout (via ATAC-seq) reduces chromatin accessibility at PU.1 motif-enriched regions, and AAV-mediated PU.1 overexpression reverses the proliferation inhibition and loss of neuroprotection caused by microglial HDAC3 knockout, placing PU.1 downstream of HDAC3. Microglial-specific HDAC3 KO, RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, AAV-PU.1 rescue, histological and functional outcome measures after stroke Science advances Medium 38446877
2023 Epithelial HDAC3 is essential for NF-κB-dependent regulation of epithelial MHC class II (MHCII); epithelium-specific HDAC3 ablation decreases commensal-specific Tregs, increases commensal-specific Th17 cells, and promotes colitis. HDAC3 enables microbiota to induce MHCII expression on intestinal epithelial cells. Epithelium-specific HDAC3 KO, commensal-specific T cell tracking, MHCII ChIP/expression analysis, germ-free vs. colonized mice The Journal of clinical investigation Medium 36602872
2025 NF-κB signaling recruits HDAC1 and HDAC3 to the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the ferroportin (Slc40a1) promoter in macrophages stimulated with heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus; pan-HDAC inhibition abrogates Slc40a1 mRNA repression; HDAC1/3 recruitment is NF-κB-dependent. ChIP (HDAC1, HDAC3 at Slc40a1 ARE), siRNA screen, pan-HDAC inhibitor, NF-κB inhibition, multiple inflammatory stimuli Blood Medium 39656097
2013 HDAC3 regulates ERα mRNA stability: HDAC3 knockdown decreases ERα mRNA stability and suppresses estrogen-dependent proliferation of ERα-positive MCF-7 cells, representing a post-transcriptional non-histone function. siRNA knockdown, mRNA stability assay, cell proliferation assay Biochemical and biophysical research communications Low 23402757
2013 Binge ethanol increases HDAC3 binding at the thyroid receptor element in the Cpt1α distal promoter in mouse liver, causing decreased H3K9 acetylation at the proximal promoter and transcriptional repression of Cpt1α, contributing to hepatic steatosis. ChIP (HDAC3 and H3K9ac at Cpt1α promoter), TSA HDAC inhibitor treatment, mouse binge ethanol model Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research Medium 23905631
2021 HDAC3 deacetylates glutamine synthetase (GS) protein in a deacetylase-activity-dependent manner downstream of mTORC2/Rictor activation under glutamine starvation, stabilizing GS and maintaining liver cancer stem cell characteristics. Co-immunoprecipitation, GS acetylation/deacetylation assay, Rictor/HDAC3 genetic manipulation, xenograft model Advanced science Medium 35187863
2023 SMYD2 promotes HDAC3 expression via trimethylation of H3K36 at the HDAC3 promoter; HDAC3 directly interacts with and deacetylates SRF to enhance SRF transcriptional activity in vascular smooth muscle cells, promoting neointimal hyperplasia. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP (H3K36me3 at HDAC3 promoter), SRF acetylation assay, RGFP966 treatment, carotid artery injury model Acta pharmaceutica sinica B Medium 38322347

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2019 FSP1 is a glutathione-independent ferroptosis suppressor. Nature 2666 31634899
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
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