Affinage

GSTP1

Glutathione S-transferase P · UniProt P09211

Length
210 aa
Mass
23.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 25 papers cited in narrative 25 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/7 claims corpus-supported (86%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

GSTP1 is a multifunctional glutathione S-transferase that integrates electrophile detoxification with redox-sensitive control of stress-signaling pathways (PMID:10064598, PMID:38016474). As a catalytic detoxifier it conjugates glutathione to reactive electrophiles such as 4-hydroxynonenal and detoxifies lipid hydroperoxides through selenium-independent GSH peroxidase activity, protecting cells from ferroptosis independently of GPX4 and FSP1 (PMID:38016474). Beyond catalysis, monomeric GSTP1 directly binds and holds JNK in an inactive state; oxidative stress (UV or H2O2) drives GSTP1 oligomerization, dissociation of the GSTP1-JNK complex, and release of active JNK, making GSTP1 a redox-regulated brake on the JNK signaling axis (PMID:10064598), a role conserved in spermatozoa where complex disruption compromises viability and motility (PMID:33732696). GSTP1 also acts as a writer of protein S-glutathionylation at low-pKa cysteines (PMID:17098212): it glutathionylates KEAP1 at Cys434 to dissociate the KEAP1-NRF2 complex and activate antioxidant gene expression (PMID:38479222), and glutathionylates Pik3r1 at Cys498/Cys670 to modulate autophagic flux through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR axis and restrain osteoclast formation (PMID:36870110). Its own abundance is set by regulated turnover through distinct E3 ligases — SMURF2 during early ferroptosis (PMID:38016474), FBX8 in colorectal cancer (PMID:31024008), and Parkin under oxidative stress (PMID:36871745) — and is stabilized by SIRT5-mediated lysine demalonylation (PMID:38169591). Transcriptionally, GSTP1 is induced through NRF2-dependent and NRF2-independent inputs including C/EBPβ (PMID:32526700) and an upstream CaMK2A/NRF2 axis (PMID:36709476, PMID:24934809). Across tumor models GSTP1 promotes proliferation and chemoresistance and is a tractable drug target, with active-site residues Tyr108 and inhibitors such as ezatiostat defining pharmacological vulnerability (PMID:30548113, PMID:36709476, PMID:21975931).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 1999 High

    Established that GSTP1 is not merely a detoxification enzyme but a direct, redox-switchable inhibitor of JNK, defining its first non-catalytic signaling role.

    Evidence Protein purification, in vitro JNK kinase assay, immunodepletion, and GSTP1-null fibroblasts with re-expression rescue

    PMID:10064598

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the GSTP1-JNK interface not resolved
    • Stoichiometry and trigger threshold for stress-induced oligomerization not quantified
  2. 2006 Medium

    Generalized GSTP1's signaling function by defining it as an enzymatic writer of S-glutathionylation on target cysteines, linking its catalytic chemistry to post-translational regulation of kinases.

    Evidence Biochemical characterization and synthesis of in vitro data

    PMID:17098212

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific substrate repertoire not enumerated in this work
    • Review-level integration without independent replication cited
  3. 2014 Medium

    Demonstrated in vivo that GSTP1 transcription is controlled by NRF2-independent factors, complicating the simple antioxidant-response-element model of its regulation.

    Evidence hGSTP1-reporter transgenic mice crossed to Nrf2 knockout with tissue expression mapping

    PMID:24934809

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the NRF2-independent transcriptional regulators not defined
    • Tissue-specific drivers of basal expression unresolved
  4. 2011 Medium

    Showed GSTP1 suppresses carcinogenesis through a mechanism distinct from detoxification, implicating control of the proinflammatory tumor microenvironment.

    Evidence Gstp-KO × Tg.AC genetic cross with TPA skin carcinogenesis and microarray pathway analysis

    PMID:21975931

    Open questions at the time
    • Causal molecular link between GSTP1 loss and nitrotyrosine/inflammation not established
    • Connection to the JNK-inhibitory role not directly tested
  5. 2020 Medium

    Mapped upstream transcriptional control of GSTP1 in cancer through C/EBPβ and CaMK2A/NRF2 inputs that tune ROS levels and stemness.

    Evidence ChIP promoter binding, phospho-mutagenesis of NRF2-Ser558, KD/OE with ROS readouts, and patient-derived organoids

    PMID:32526700 PMID:36709476

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of each transcriptional input across tissues unclear
    • Whether these axes converge on the same enhancer elements unknown
  6. 2023 High

    Defined GSTP1 as a ferroptosis suppressor whose protein level is rate-limiting, acting through GSH conjugation of 4-HNE and lipid hydroperoxide detoxification and controlled by SMURF2-mediated degradation.

    Evidence Ferroptosis proteomics, ubiquitination assays, in vitro GSH peroxidase/4-HNE conjugation assays, and xenografts

    PMID:38016474

    Open questions at the time
    • Signal that activates SMURF2 toward GSTP1 during ferroptosis not defined
    • Whether catalytic vs JNK-inhibitory functions are separable in ferroptosis protection untested
  7. 2024 High

    Identified KEAP1-Cys434 as a direct GSTP1 glutathionylation substrate, providing a feed-forward mechanism by which GSTP1 activates the NRF2 antioxidant program.

    Evidence Mass spectrometry site mapping, molecular docking, KEAP1-C434 mutagenesis, and AAV-GSTP in an LPS lung injury model

    PMID:38479222

    Open questions at the time
    • Kinetics relative to other KEAP1 cysteine modifications not compared
    • How GSTP1 selects KEAP1 among potential substrates unclear
  8. 2023 Medium

    Extended the S-glutathionylation writer role to Pik3r1, linking GSTP1 to autophagy control via the PI3K-AKT-mTOR axis and to bone homeostasis.

    Evidence In vitro glutathionylation assay, Pik3r1 cysteine mutagenesis, AKT-mTOR analysis, and OVX mouse model

    PMID:36870110

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether Pik3r1 glutathionylation occurs in non-osteoclast contexts untested
    • Single-lab finding without independent replication
  9. 2023 Medium

    Revealed a non-catalytic sensing function in which lactate binding to GSTP1 disassembles a GSTP1-G6PD-SRC complex to relieve inhibitory G6PD phosphorylation and boost PPP/NADPH flux.

    Evidence Reciprocal Co-IP of GSTP1-G6PD-SRC, phospho-specific antibodies, lactic acid binding assay, and tumor models

    PMID:37491277

    Open questions at the time
    • Lactate binding site on GSTP1 not mapped
    • Direct vs indirect effect of complex disruption on SRC kinase activity unresolved
  10. 2024 Medium

    Showed GSTP1 stability is controlled post-translationally beyond ubiquitination, via SIRT5-mediated lysine demalonylation, with consequences for diabetic cardiomyopathy.

    Evidence SIRT5 KO mice, high-glucose cardiomyocyte model, Co-IP, malonylation detection, and rescue assays

    PMID:38169591

    Open questions at the time
    • Malonylated lysine residues on GSTP1 not identified
    • Mechanism by which malonylation destabilizes the protein unclear
  11. 2023 Medium

    Defined distinct E3 ligase and degradation routes (Parkin via proteasome/autophagy/mitophagy; FBX8 via SCF) that set GSTP1 levels in different stress and cancer contexts, linking GSTP1 to mitochondrial fusion and CRC progression.

    Evidence Co-IP, ubiquitination assays, non-ubiquitinatable mutant rescue, CHX chase, and FBX8 KO mice

    PMID:31024008 PMID:36871745

    Open questions at the time
    • Degron(s) recognized by each ligase not defined
    • Context cues selecting one ligase over another unknown
  12. 2019 Medium

    Provided active-site-level pharmacology by identifying Tyr108 as a covalent inhibitor anchoring residue, enabling rational GSTP1-targeted inhibitor design.

    Evidence In vitro enzymatic inhibition and mass spectrometry identification of a Tyr108 sulfonyl ester adduct

    PMID:30548113

    Open questions at the time
    • No full GSTP1 co-crystal structure with inhibitors
    • Selectivity over other GST isoforms not addressed

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How GSTP1's catalytic, S-glutathionylation-writer, JNK-inhibitory, and lactate-sensing functions are coordinately deployed within a single cell, and which is decisive in a given physiological or disease setting, remains unresolved.
  • No separation-of-function mutants distinguishing catalytic from scaffolding roles
  • No structural model integrating oligomerization, ligand binding, and partner interfaces
  • Tissue-level hierarchy of GSTP1 functions undefined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 3 GO:0016740 transferase activity 2 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2 GO:0016491 oxidoreductase activity 1 GO:0140299 molecular sensor activity 1
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 1 GO:0005829 cytosol 1
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2 R-HSA-8953897 Cellular responses to stimuli 2 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 1
Partners
FBX8G6PDJNKKEAP1PARKINPIK3R1SMURF2SRC
Complex memberships
GSTP1-G6PD-SRC complexGSTP1-JNK complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 25 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1999 GSTp (GSTP1) was purified and identified as a JNK inhibitor that directly associates with JNK. Monomeric GSTP1 inhibits JNK activity; UV or H2O2 treatment causes GSTP1 oligomerization and dissociation of the GSTP1-JNK complex, releasing active JNK. Forced GSTP1 expression decreased MKK4 and JNK phosphorylation and JNK activity independently of the MEKK1-MKK4 module. GSTP1-null mouse embryo fibroblasts showed elevated basal JNK activity restored by GSTP1 re-expression. Protein purification, Co-IP, in vitro JNK activity assay with purified GSTP1, immunodepletion, forced expression/knockout fibroblasts, co-transfection epistasis The EMBO journal High 10064598
2023 SMURF2 mediates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of GSTP1 at early stages of ferroptosis. GSTP1 protects cells from ferroptosis independently of GPX4 and FSP1 by catalyzing GSH conjugation of 4-hydroxynonenal and detoxifying lipid hydroperoxides via selenium-independent GSH peroxidase activity. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the SMURF2/GSTP1 axis sensitizes tumors to ferroptosis-inducing drugs. Proteomics during ferroptosis, Co-IP, ubiquitination assays, in vitro GSH peroxidase and 4-HNE conjugation assays, genetic modulation (KO/OE), in vivo xenograft experiments Molecular cell High 38016474
2006 GSTP1 can catalyze forward S-glutathionylation of low pKa cysteine residues in target proteins as a post-translational modification, functioning as a writer of S-glutathionylation. This activity contributes to regulation of signaling kinases through direct protein–protein interactions and modulates cellular responses to oxidative/nitrosative stress. Biochemical characterization, literature synthesis with supporting in vitro data reviewed Biochemical pharmacology Medium 17098212
2024 GSTP catalyzes S-glutathionylation of KEAP1 at Cys434, which promotes dissociation of the KEAP1-NRF2 complex and activates downstream antioxidant gene expression. This mechanism was validated by mass spectrometry, molecular docking, and site-directed mutagenesis of KEAP1-C434, and confirmed in vivo with AAV-GSTP mice in a lung injury model. Protein mass spectrometry, molecular docking, site-directed mutagenesis, Co-IP, AAV-mediated GSTP overexpression in vivo, LPS-induced ALI model Redox biology High 38479222
2024 SIRT5 demalonylates GSTP1 lysine residues, stabilizing GSTP1 protein. In diabetic cardiomyopathy, reduced SIRT5 expression leads to increased lysine malonylation of GSTP1, destabilizing it. SIRT5 overexpression alleviated DCM-related myocardial injury through GSTP1 stabilization; GSTP1 knockdown reversed this protective effect. SIRT5 knockout mice, high-glucose cardiomyocyte model, Co-IP for GSTP1-Sirt5 interaction, malonylation detection, overexpression/knockdown functional assays International journal of biological sciences Medium 38169591
2019 FBX8, a component of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase, directly targets GSTP1 for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation in colorectal cancer cells. Loss of FBX8 increases GSTP1 protein stability and promotes CRC proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, FBX8 KO transgenic mice, gain/loss-of-function in cancer cells Cell death & disease Medium 31024008
2023 GSTP1 functions as a novel lactate sensor: lactic acid non-covalently binds GSTP1, attenuating formation of a GSTP1-G6PD-SRC complex. Disruption of this complex reduces SRC-mediated phosphorylation of G6PD at Tyr249/322, thereby increasing G6PD activity and PPP flux (NADPH production) to support redox homeostasis under glucose-scarce conditions. Co-IP of GSTP1-G6PD-SRC complex, phospho-specific antibodies, lactic acid binding assay, gain/loss-of-function in breast cancer cells, in vivo tumor models Cell death & disease Medium 37491277
2023 GSTP1-mediated S-glutathionylation of Pik3r1 at Cys498 and Cys670 reduces Pik3r1 phosphorylation, modulates autophagic flux via the Pik3r1-AKT-mTOR axis, and inhibits osteoclast formation. In vivo knockdown and overexpression of GSTP1 altered bone loss in ovariectomized mice. In vitro S-glutathionylation assay, site-directed mutagenesis of Pik3r1 cysteines, Co-IP, AKT-mTOR pathway analysis, GSTP1 KD/OE in osteoclast cultures, OVX mouse model Redox biology Medium 36870110
2020 C/EBPβ transcription factor binds the promoters of NQO1 and GSTP1 and drives their expression in glioblastoma cells. C/EBPβ knockdown represses GSTP1 and NQO1, elevates ROS, and reduces proliferation; overexpression does the opposite. This regulatory axis mediates ROS balance and tumor cell proliferation downstream of EGFR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (promoter binding), siRNA knockdown, overexpression, ROS measurement, in vivo tumor growth assays Redox biology Medium 32526700
2017 GSTP1 physically interacts with STAT3 in colorectal cancer cells; overexpression of GSTP1 upregulates STAT3 to promote CRC cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. FBX8 negatively regulates GSTP1 levels, thereby modulating the GSTP1-STAT3 interaction. Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence co-localization, overexpression/knockdown functional assays, IHC in clinical tissues Advances in clinical and experimental medicine Medium 35195960
2017 CLDN6 promotes chemoresistance in breast cancer cells through GSTP1: CLDN6 overexpression upregulates GSTP1 expression and enzyme activity, and silencing GSTP1 rescues sensitivity in CLDN6-overexpressing cells. Mechanistically, CLDN6 interacts with p53 and promotes its translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm, reducing p53-mediated repression of GSTP1. Co-IP (CLDN6-p53 interaction), GST activity assay, siRNA silencing, lentiviral overexpression, cytotoxicity assays, subcellular fractionation Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 29116019
2020 The NRF2-GSTP1 axis is a downstream pathway through which the isoflavone formononetin protects against oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. FN selectively binds the BTB domain of KEAP1 at His129 and Lys131, activating NRF2 and subsequently inducing GSTP1 expression in neurons. RNA interference of GSTP1 abrogated FN's neuroprotective effect. RNA interference, expression profiling, Bio-FN target binding screen, molecular docking, in vivo nociception assays Redox biology Medium 32823168
2021 GSTP1 is expressed in mammalian spermatozoa and forms a GSTP1-JNK heterocomplex that maintains JNK in an inactive state. Pharmacological dissociation of this complex activates JNK and significantly decreases sperm viability, motility, mitochondrial activity, and plasma membrane stability while increasing intracellular superoxides. Immunoblotting, immunofluorescence localization in sperm, CASA (motility), flow cytometry (viability, ROS), pharmacological GSTP1-JNK dissociation Frontiers in cell and developmental biology Medium 33732696
2023 Tryptanthrin (TRYP) directly binds GSTP1 and inhibits its enzymatic activity, causing ROS accumulation, DNA damage response (DDR), and NF-κB pathway activation leading to SASP and cellular senescence in liver cancer cells via a GSTP1/ROS/DDR/NF-κB/SASP axis. Natural product library screen, CETSA (target engagement), enzymatic activity assay, ROS measurement, NF-κB pathway analysis, in vitro and in vivo senescence assays Redox biology Medium 39180983
2023 Parkin (E3 ubiquitin ligase) ubiquitinates GSTP1 and targets it for degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy-lysosome pathway, and mitophagy in lens epithelial cells under oxidative stress. Non-ubiquitinatable GSTP1 mutant retained anti-apoptotic function whereas wild-type GSTP1 was degraded. GSTP1 promotes mitochondrial fusion by upregulating MFN1/2. Co-IP (Parkin-GSTP1 interaction), ubiquitination assay, proteasome/lysosome inhibitors, cycloheximide chase, non-ubiquitinatable mutant rescue, MFN1/2 western blot Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research Medium 36871745
2019 A covalent inhibitor (CNBSF) first reacts with glutathione via aromatic substitution, then the resulting GSH conjugate reacts with Tyr108 of GSTP1 forming a sulfonyl ester bond, irreversibly inhibiting GSTP1 both in vitro and in intact cells. This identifies Tyr108 as the covalent modification site in the active site. In vitro enzymatic inhibition assay, mass spectrometry for covalent adduct identification, cell-based GSTP1 activity assay Chembiochem Medium 30548113
2008 GSTP1 expression is induced by MRP1 and GSTP1-1 coexpression, which modulates sulforaphane (SFN) accumulation and its GSH conjugate (SFN-SG). GSTP1-1 expression enhanced intracellular SFN/SFN-SG accumulation and ARE reporter induction; MRP1 coexpression attenuated these effects by reducing nuclear Nrf2 levels. Effects required GSH. Transgenic cell lines expressing GSTP1-1 and/or MRP1, ARE reporter assay, intracellular compound accumulation measurement, Nrf2 nuclear level analysis, GSH depletion Carcinogenesis Medium 18204073
2020 GSTP1 acts as an inhibitory regulator in the CaMK2A/NRF2/GSTP1 axis in lung adenocarcinoma under hypoxia. CaMK2A phosphorylates NRF2 at Ser558, promoting its nuclear translocation and GSTP1 transcription. Upregulated GSTP1 then suppresses ROS and supports cancer stem cell phenotypes. A specific GSTP1 inhibitor (ezatiostat) in combination with crizotinib demonstrated therapeutic effect in patient-derived organoids. Phospho-mutagenesis of NRF2-Ser558, nuclear fractionation, ROS measurement, patient-derived organoids, in vitro and in vivo KD/OE functional assays Advanced science Medium 36709476
2020 MNPC, a small molecule inhibitor, binds to the active sites of both NQO1 and GSTP1. Co-crystal structure of MNPC with NQO1 and molecular docking with GSTP1 reveal active-site binding. Dual inactivation of NQO1 and GSTP1 by MNPC or siRNA induces imbalanced redox homeostasis and apoptosis in GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. High-throughput screen, co-crystal structure (NQO1-MNPC), molecular docking (GSTP1-MNPC), siRNA knockdown, in vitro and in vivo apoptosis/proliferation assays Journal of hematology & oncology Medium 33087132
2017 GSTP1 is present in adriamycin-resistant cancer cell exosomes at higher levels than sensitive cells. GSTP1-containing exosomes transfer drug resistance to recipient cells. Under chemotherapy, GSTP1 partially re-localizes from nucleus to cytoplasm, coinciding with increased exosomal TSG101. Exosome isolation, immunofluorescence (subcellular localization), cell apoptosis assay, exosome transfer experiments, immunohistochemistry Gene Low 28438694
2014 In vivo, hGSTP1 expression is regulated by chemopreventive antioxidants (ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxyanisole) and is found in intestinal crypts/villi, bronchiolar epithelium, epidermis, choroid plexus, and biliary epithelium. Unexpectedly, genetic deletion of Nrf2 increased rather than decreased GSTP1 expression, indicating that Nrf2-independent factors control GSTP1 transcription in vivo. Transgenic reporter mouse expressing hGSTP1-reporter, tissue-specific expression mapping, Nrf2 knockout cross, mouse embryo fibroblast in vitro studies Cancer research Medium 24934809
2011 Gstp-null mice crossed with Tg.AC mice (harboring H-ras skin mutations) showed increased TPA-induced skin papilloma incidence and hyperproliferative growth. The phenotype was not due to differences in oxidative stress or apoptosis markers, but was associated with elevated nitrotyrosine (inflammation marker) and altered lipid/sterol metabolism, Wnt signaling, cytoskeletal control, and epidermal morphogenesis. This established that GSTP plays a carcinogenesis-suppressive role distinct from detoxification, as a determinant of the proinflammatory tumor microenvironment. Gstp-KO × Tg.AC genetic cross, TPA skin carcinogenesis protocol, gene set enrichment analysis of microarray data, immunohistochemistry for nitrotyrosine Cancer research Medium 21975931
2020 GSTP1 inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses in THP-1 cells by regulating autophagy through the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine or chloroquine significantly reduced the anti-inflammatory effect of GSTP1. GSTP1 overexpression/knockdown, autophagy inhibitors (3-MA, CQ), PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway western blot, inflammatory cytokine measurement Inflammation Low 32128658
2024 Galangin (Gal) binds GSTP1 (confirmed by CETSA and molecular docking) and stimulates its expression, enhancing the interaction between GSTP1 and JNK and leading to JNK/c-Jun pathway deactivation. This protects cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced ferroptosis. GSTP1 inhibitor (Ezatiostat) abrogated the cardioprotective anti-ferroptotic effects of Gal. CETSA, molecular docking, network pharmacology, immunofluorescence (GSTP1-JNK interaction), GSTP1 inhibitor pharmacological dissection, in vivo mouse model Phytomedicine Low 39217656
2017 GSTP1 and MRP1 act combinatorially to store and transport nitric oxide (NO) as dinitrosyl-dithiol-iron complexes (DNICs) composed of iron, NO, and glutathione in M1 macrophages, protecting macrophages from endogenous NO cytotoxicity and potentially delivering cytotoxic NO to tumor targets. DNIC detection, MRP1/GSTP1 inhibition/knockdown in macrophage models, NO measurement Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects Low 28219722

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1999 Regulation of JNK signaling by GSTp. The EMBO journal 922 10064598
2002 Silencing of GSTP1 gene by CpG island DNA hypermethylation in HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinomas. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 152 11948118
2004 GSTP1 CpG island hypermethylation as a molecular biomarker for prostate cancer. Journal of cellular biochemistry 149 14755684
2000 GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, CYP1A1, and NAT1 polymorphisms, tobacco use, and the risk of head and neck cancer. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 138 10698480
2004 Molecular detection of prostate cancer: a role for GSTP1 hypermethylation. European urology 114 15474280
2020 GSTP1 and cancer: Expression, methylation, polymorphisms and signaling (Review). International journal of oncology 111 32319549
2017 Predictive role of GSTP1-containing exosomes in chemotherapy-resistant breast cancer. Gene 108 28438694
2011 Measurement of GSTP1 promoter methylation in body fluids may complement PSA screening: a meta-analysis. British journal of cancer 104 21654682
2023 SMURF2 predisposes cancer cell toward ferroptosis in GPX4-independent manners by promoting GSTP1 degradation. Molecular cell 98 38016474
2006 Redox in redux: Emergent roles for glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP) in regulation of cell signaling and S-glutathionylation. Biochemical pharmacology 91 17098212
2000 GSTP1 CpG island DNA hypermethylation in hepatocellular carcinomas. International journal of oncology 90 10717233
2002 I105V polymorphism and promoter methylation of the GSTP1 gene in prostate adenocarcinoma. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 85 12010858
2001 Polymorphisms of glutathione-S-transferase genes (GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) and prostate-cancer risk. International journal of cancer 79 11307147
2002 GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk. Cancer letters 73 12175548
2007 Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1) hypermethylation in prostate cancer: review 2007. Pathology 69 17558856
1985 The human glutathione S-transferases: developmental aspects of the GST1, GST2, and GST3 loci. Biochemical genetics 68 4084207
2009 GSTT1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Breast cancer research and treatment 67 19760040
2005 Combined effects of GSTP1 and MRP1 in melanoma drug resistance. British journal of cancer 67 15999103
2000 Polymorphisms of the GSTP1 and GSTM1 genes and PAH-DNA adducts in human mononuclear white blood cells. Environmental and molecular mutagenesis 63 10712743
2009 Meta- and pooled analysis of GSTP1 polymorphism and lung cancer: a HuGE-GSEC review. American journal of epidemiology 62 19240225
2020 Formononetin ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy via the KEAP1-NRF2-GSTP1 axis. Redox biology 60 32823168
2017 CLDN6 promotes chemoresistance through GSTP1 in human breast cancer. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 60 29116019
2020 Discovery of a dual inhibitor of NQO1 and GSTP1 for treating glioblastoma. Journal of hematology & oncology 49 33087132
2007 Polymorphisms of GSTP1 and GSTT1, but not of CYP2A6, CYP2E1 or GSTM1, modify the risk for esophageal cancer in a western population. Carcinogenesis 49 17916905
2020 Targeting G6PD reverses paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer by suppressing GSTP1. Biochemical pharmacology 47 32535103
2018 GSTP1 methylation in cancer: a liquid biopsy biomarker? Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine 46 29305565
2010 GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms and chemotherapy response in locally advanced breast cancer. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 46 20568049
2012 Relevance of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms to gastric cancer susceptibility and phenotype. Mutagenesis 44 22952149
2007 Association of GSTP1 expression with resistance to docetaxel and paclitaxel in human breast cancers. European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology 44 17764884
2005 Association of GSTP1 polymorphism and survival for esophageal cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 44 16000570
2005 GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms and risk of advanced colorectal adenoma. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 44 16030123
2020 C/EBPβ mediates NQO1 and GSTP1 anti-oxidative reductases expression in glioblastoma, promoting brain tumor proliferation. Redox biology 43 32526700
2005 Tobacco smoking, GSTP1 polymorphism, and bladder carcinoma. Cancer 43 16240451
2018 Piperlongumine and p53-reactivator APR-246 selectively induce cell death in HNSCC by targeting GSTP1. Oncogene 42 29348462
2008 GSTP1 promoter haplotypes affect DNA methylation levels and promoter activity in breast carcinomas. Cancer research 42 18632608
2002 Polymorphisms of GSTP1 and related genes and prostate cancer risk. Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases 41 15195126
2024 SIRT5-related lysine demalonylation of GSTP1 contributes to cardiomyocyte pyroptosis suppression in diabetic cardiomyopathy. International journal of biological sciences 39 38169591
2023 Targeting GSTP1 as Therapeutic Strategy against Lung Adenocarcinoma Stemness and Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 38 36709476
2004 Association between glutathione-S-transferase GSTP1 genotypes, GSTP1 over-expression, and outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society 38 15086723
2012 Clinical significance of SOD2 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with gastric cancer. Cancer 37 22517484
2010 Alterations in tumor biomarker GSTP gene methylation patterns induced by prenatal exposure to PFOS. Toxicology 37 20621739
2018 GSTM3 and GSTP1: novel players driving tumor progression in cervical cancer. Oncotarget 34 29774096
2011 Cloning of a novel glutathione S-transferase 3 (GST3) gene and expressionanalysis in pearl oyster, Pinctada martensii. Fish & shellfish immunology 34 21807100
2019 FBX8 degrades GSTP1 through ubiquitination to suppress colorectal cancer progression. Cell death & disease 32 31024008
2017 Regulation and control of nitric oxide (NO) in macrophages: Protecting the "professional killer cell" from its own cytotoxic arsenal via MRP1 and GSTP1. Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects 31 28219722
2014 Predictive potential of ABCB1, ABCC3, and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms on osteosarcoma survival after chemotherapy. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 31 24996541
2004 Oxidative stress induces GSTP1 and CYP3A4 expression in the human erythroleukemia cell line, K562. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 30 15056853
2004 GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genotypes and the genotoxicity of hydroquinone in human lymphocytes. Environmental and molecular mutagenesis 30 15141365
1998 Hypomethylation of the rat glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP) promoter region isolated from methyl-deficient livers and GSTP-positive liver neoplasms. Carcinogenesis 30 9744547
2015 Correlation between the expression of DNMT1, and GSTP1 and APC, and the methylation status of GSTP1 and APC in association with their clinical significance in prostate cancer. Molecular medicine reports 29 25738352
2024 Galangin alleviated Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting ferroptosis through GSTP1/JNK pathway. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology 28 39217656
2015 GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms in progressive myoclonus epilepsy: A Serbian case-control study. Seizure 27 26552558
2008 Reduction of GSTP1 expression by DNA methylation correlates with clinicopathological features in pituitary adenomas. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 26 18425080
2022 Targeting GSTP1-dependent ferroptosis in lung cancer radiotherapy: Existing evidence and future directions. Frontiers in molecular biosciences 25 36589232
2021 GSTP1 as a novel target in radiation induced lung injury. Journal of translational medicine 25 34238333
2008 Expression of MRP1 and GSTP1-1 modulate the acute cellular response to treatment with the chemopreventive isothiocyanate, sulforaphane. Carcinogenesis 25 18204073
2015 Polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, and GSTM3 genes and breast cancer risk in northeastern Mexico. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 24 26125851
2013 GSTP1 is a hub gene for gene-air pollution interactions on childhood asthma. Allergy 24 24117884
2011 Combined effect of CYP1B1, COMT, GSTP1, and MnSOD genotypes and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Journal of gynecologic oncology 24 21860737
2009 Enhanced GSTP1 expression in transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder is associated with altered apoptotic pathways. Urologic oncology 24 19162514
2023 A GSTP1-mediated lactic acid signaling promotes tumorigenesis through the PPP oxidative branch. Cell death & disease 23 37491277
2014 In vivo regulation of human glutathione transferase GSTP by chemopreventive agents. Cancer research 23 24934809
2024 GSTP alleviates acute lung injury by S-glutathionylation of KEAP1 and subsequent activation of NRF2 pathway. Redox biology 22 38479222
2020 GSTP1 rs1138272 Polymorphism Affects Prostate Cancer Risk. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 22 32183092
2020 Long intergenic noncoding RNA 00844 promotes apoptosis and represses proliferation of prostate cancer cells through upregulating GSTP1 by recruiting EBF1. Journal of cellular physiology 22 32329523
2019 A Covalent Inhibitor for Glutathione S-Transferase Pi (GSTP1-1 ) in Human Cells. Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology 22 30548113
2018 Genotoxicity of inhalational anesthetics and its relationship with the polymorphisms of GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1 genes. Environmental science and pollution research international 22 30519912
2015 Genetic Polymorphisms of Glutathione-Related Enzymes (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1) and Schizophrenia Risk: A Meta-Analysis. International journal of molecular sciences 22 26295386
2024 Tryptanthrin targets GSTP1 to induce senescence and increases the susceptibility to apoptosis by senolytics in liver cancer cells. Redox biology 21 39180983
2021 GSTP1 and GSTM3 Variant Alleles Affect Susceptibility and Severity of COVID-19. Frontiers in molecular biosciences 21 34988113
2016 Correlation between gene polymorphisms of CYP1A1, GSTP1, ERCC2, XRCC1, and XRCC3 and susceptibility to lung cancer. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 20 27819744
2023 The GSTP1/MAPKs/BIM/SMAC modulatory actions of nitazoxanide: Bioinformatics and experimental evidence in subcutaneous solid Ehrlich carcinoma-inoculated mice. Life sciences 19 36822315
2022 Overexpression of GSTP1 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis by upregulating STAT3. Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University 19 35195960
2002 Nrf2 transactivator-independent GSTP1-1 expression in "GSTP1-1 positive" single cells inducible in female mouse liver by DEN: a preneoplastic character of possible initiated cells. Carcinogenesis 19 11895860
2023 Age-related cataract: GSTP1 ubiquitination and degradation by Parkin inhibits its anti-apoptosis in lens epithelial cells. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research 18 36871745
2017 GSTP1 polymorphism predicts treatment outcome and toxicities for breast cancer. Oncotarget 18 29069838
2013 Expression of CYP1A1 and GSTP1 in human brain tumor tissues in Pakistan. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 18 24460273
2011 Increased skin papilloma formation in mice lacking glutathione transferase GSTP. Cancer research 18 21975931
2018 GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk in Polish nonsmokers. Oncotarget 17 29765533
2017 GSTP1 and XRCC1 polymorphisms and DNA damage in agricultural workers exposed to pesticides. Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis 17 28622826
2015 Glutathione S transferase (GSTP 1, GSTM 1, and GSTT 1) gene polymorphisms in Egyptian patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Indian journal of cancer 17 26960454
2012 DNA methylation of GSTP1 in human prostate tissues: pyrosequencing analysis. Korean journal of urology 17 22468217
2012 Correlation of CYP1A1, GSTP1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk among smokers. Oncology letters 17 22783438
2010 GSTM1, GSTP1, and NQO1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to atopy and airway hyperresponsiveness among South African schoolchildren. Lung 17 20526719
2002 GSTP1 polymorphism, cigarette smoking and cervical cancer risk in Korean women. Yonsei medical journal 17 12497653
2021 Low expression of GSTP1 in the aqueous humour of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 16 33599104
2017 Polymorphisms and mutations in GSTP1, RAD51, XRCC1 and XRCC3 genes in breast cancer patients. The International journal of biological markers 16 28315507
2017 Polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 genes and chromosomal aberrations in lung cancer patients. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 16 28770368
2013 Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) and their susceptibility to renal cell carcinoma: an evidence-based meta-analysis. PloS one 16 23717494
2023 GSTP1-mediated S-glutathionylation of Pik3r1 is a redox hub that inhibits osteoclastogenesis through regulating autophagic flux. Redox biology 15 36870110
2022 Sesquiterpene lactones from Elephantopus scaber exhibit cytotoxic effects on glioma cells by targeting GSTP1. Bioorganic chemistry 15 36209565
2020 GSTP1 Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response Through Regulating Autophagy in THP-1 Cells. Inflammation 15 32128658
2020 Association analysis of rs1695 and rs1138272 variations in GSTP1 gene and breast cancer susceptibility. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 15 32334487
2017 Association between GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk, and their interactions with environmental factors. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 15 28198496
2009 The glutathione-S-transferase gene polymorphisms (Gstt1, Gstm1, and Gstp1) in patients with non-allergic nasal polyposis. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 15 19701760
2023 Progressive Spreading of DNA Methylation in the GSTP1 Promoter CpG Island across Transitions from Precursors to Invasive Prostate Cancer. Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) 14 37347938
2021 Deactivation of the JNK Pathway by GSTP1 Is Essential to Maintain Sperm Functionality. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 14 33732696
2016 Asthma and rhinitis have different genetic profiles for IL13, IL17A and GSTP1 polymorphisms. Revista portuguesa de pneumologia 14 27561723
2015 Correlation between promoter methylation in the GSTP1 gene and hepatocellular carcinoma development: a meta-analysis. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 14 26125884
2011 Lycopene and apo-10'-lycopenal do not alter DNA methylation of GSTP1 in LNCaP cells. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 14 21839064

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