Affinage

CAP1

Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 · UniProt Q01518

Length
475 aa
Mass
51.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 22 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

CAP1 (cyclase-associated protein 1) is a multidomain regulator of actin filament turnover that couples cofilin-mediated severing to monomer recharging (PMID:11950878, PMID:25228691). Its N-terminal helical domain forms hexameric assemblies that bind F-actin sides and ends and enhance cofilin-mediated severing/pointed-end depolymerization, while the C-terminal β-sheet domain catalyzes ADP-to-ATP nucleotide exchange on G-actin to recycle monomers for renewed elongation; the N-terminal domain relieves cofilin's inhibition of nucleotide exchange, enabling rapid filament turnover (PMID:11950878, PMID:25228691). CAP1 colocalizes with and is functionally interdependent with cofilin-1, and its loss causes excess F-actin, cofilin mislocalization, and defects in cell morphology, migration, endocytosis, growth-cone dynamics, dendritic-spine morphology, and meiotic spindle positioning (PMID:15004221, PMID:33845164, PMID:36264429, PMID:30404832). This actin-turnover cycle is gated by tandem phosphorylation at S307/S309 (human S308/S310) by GSK3: phosphomimetic mutants lose cofilin binding and accumulate stress fibers whereas non-phosphorylatable mutants bind cofilin more tightly, so phosphorylation drives cofilin release between severing cycles (PMID:25315833). Through this cytoskeletal activity and complexes with FAK and Talin, CAP1 modulates integrin-based adhesion, FAK/ERK signaling, and cancer cell invasiveness in a cell-type-dependent manner (PMID:23737525, PMID:27173014). Beyond actin, CAP1 binds prenylated Rap1 via its C-terminal β-sheet domain and binds and activates adenylyl cyclase through N-terminal RLE motifs, forming a Rap1-dependent cyclase feedback unit that tunes cAMP and downstream Epac/PKA-driven Rap1 activation and adhesion (PMID:29618512, PMID:34099549, PMID:36621727). Additional reported activities include translocation to mitochondria to promote cofilin-dependent apoptosis (PMID:18716285), receptor function for resistin upstream of EMT signaling (PMID:31085453), stabilization of the closed PCSK9 conformation to promote LDLR degradation (PMID:36566984), and promotion of CDK9-dependent RNA Pol II Ser2 phosphorylation and transcription elongation (PMID:33911205).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 10 steps
  1. 2002 High

    Established the bipartite biochemical logic of CAP1: how a single protein could both promote filament disassembly and recharge monomers for regrowth.

    Evidence Co-IP from HEK293 and in vitro domain-deletion depolymerization and nucleotide-exchange assays

    PMID:11950878

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve the structural basis of the N-terminal cofilin/actin interaction
    • Stoichiometry and oligomeric state untested
  2. 2004 High

    Showed CAP1 is required in cells, not just in vitro, for correct cofilin-1 localization and actin-dependent processes.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown in NIH3T3 and B16F1 with colocalization, migration, and endocytosis assays

    PMID:15004221

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking CAP1 loss to cofilin aggregation not defined
    • No domain mapping of the cellular requirement
  3. 2008 Medium

    Identified two non-canonical contexts for CAP1: apoptotic mitochondrial translocation and extracellular presence as an MMP-9 substrate.

    Evidence Subcellular fractionation during apoptosis with domain-deletion constructs; in vitro MMP-9 cleavage with MS substrate identification and patient urine analysis

    PMID:18671965 PMID:18716285

    Open questions at the time
    • Mitochondrial targeting signal mapped only by deletion, not a defined motif
    • MMP-9 cleavage site not mutagenized; physiological role of extracellular CAP1 unclear
  4. 2013 High

    Connected CAP1's actin function to adhesion signaling by demonstrating physical association with FAK and Talin and effects on integrin-based motility/invasion.

    Evidence Stable shRNA knockdown in HeLa with reciprocal Co-IP, actin polymerization, and Matrigel invasion assays

    PMID:23737525

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct vs indirect nature of FAK/Talin binding not resolved
    • Did not establish whether adhesion effects are separable from actin turnover
  5. 2014 High

    Resolved the structural and regulatory mechanism: hexameric N-terminal domain severs while a GSK3-phosphorylated tandem serine site cycles cofilin binding/release.

    Evidence EM of oligomers plus in vitro severing/nucleotide-exchange with mutagenesis; MS phospho-mapping, GSK3 kinase assays, and phospho-mutant Co-IP and rescue

    PMID:25228691 PMID:25315833

    Open questions at the time
    • High-resolution structure of the actin-bound hexamer absent
    • Upstream signals controlling GSK3 toward CAP1 not defined
  6. 2016 Medium

    Revealed CAP1's intersection with cAMP machinery through complexes with adenylyl cyclase 3 and G-actin and cell-type-dependent control of invasiveness.

    Evidence Co-IP of AC3/CAP1/G-actin and migration/filopodia assays in pancreatic cancer cells; siRNA and phospho-mutant rescue with FAK/ERK readouts in breast cancer lines

    PMID:27173014 PMID:27891679

    Open questions at the time
    • Directness of the AC3/CAP1/G-actin complex assembly not biochemically reconstituted
    • Determinants of opposite cell-type-dependent outcomes unexplained
  7. 2018 Medium

    Defined CAP1 as a prenyl-specific Rap1 partner and a resistin receptor, expanding it into lipid-dependent signaling and adipokine-driven EMT.

    Evidence Co-IP/GST pulldown, BLI, deltarasin competition and modeling for Rap1; siRNA with EMT marker and migration readouts for resistin

    PMID:29618512 PMID:31085453

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of geranylgeranyl-dependent Rap1 binding in vivo unresolved
    • Resistin receptor role rests on knockdown without direct binding kinetics
  8. 2021 High

    Demonstrated CAP1 directly activates adenylyl cyclase via RLE motifs in a Rap1-dependent feedback loop, and established its essential, cofilin-interdependent role in neuronal growth cones and spines plus a nuclear transcription-elongation function.

    Evidence In vitro cyclase assays, live-cell cAMP FRET, RLE mutagenesis; CAP1-KO/double-KO mouse neuron rescue with super-resolution imaging; ChIP and CDK9 assays in A549; miRNA and overexpression in erythroblasts

    PMID:33496386 PMID:33845164 PMID:33911205 PMID:34099549 PMID:36264429

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the RLE–cyclase catalytic-loop interaction not solved
    • How nuclear actin depolymerization couples to CDK9 activity is inferred
    • In vivo relevance of erythroid negative regulation untested
  9. 2022 High

    Showed CAP1 functions extracellularly to enhance PCSK9-mediated LDLR degradation by stabilizing PCSK9's active closed conformation.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of CHRD-P1.40, BLI, deep mutational scanning, SAXS, and CAP1 siRNA with LDLR readout

    PMID:36566984

    Open questions at the time
    • siRNA only partially inhibited PCSK9 activity, leaving CAP1-independent contribution undefined
    • Physiological/clinical impact on cholesterol metabolism not established
  10. 2023 Medium

    Placed CAP1 downstream of cAMP effectors Epac and PKA as the node relaying these signals to Rap1 and FAK for matrix adhesion.

    Evidence CAP1 siRNA with forskolin/isoproterenol/Epac/PKA modulation and FAK/Rap1 activity readouts in colon cancer cells

    PMID:36621727

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct molecular link between Epac/PKA and CAP1 not shown
    • Epistasis from pharmacology alone, no reconstitution

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How CAP1's distinct activities — actin turnover, cyclase/Rap1 signaling, mitochondrial apoptosis, surface resistin receptor, and extracellular PCSK9 enhancement — are coordinated within a single cell remains unresolved.
  • No integrated model partitioning CAP1 pools across cytosol, nucleus, mitochondria, plasma membrane, and secretion
  • Whether phosphorylation or prenyl/lipid binding switches between functions is unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 3 GO:0001618 virus receptor activity 1 GO:0008289 lipid binding 1
Localization
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 3 GO:0005576 extracellular region 2 GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0005654 nucleoplasm 1 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 1 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 1
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 2 R-HSA-1474244 Extracellular matrix organization 2 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 1
Partners
ACTBADCY3CFL1GSK3BPCSK9PTK2RAP1ATLN1

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2002 The N-terminal domain of human CAP1 interacts with the actin-cofilin complex and accelerates F-actin depolymerization at the pointed end; the C-terminal domain facilitates filament elongation at the barbed end and stimulates ADP-ATP exchange on G-actin; the N-terminal domain relieves cofilin-mediated inhibition of nucleotide exchange, enabling recycling of both cofilin and actin for rapid filament turnover. Co-immunoprecipitation from HEK293 extracts; in vitro domain-deletion actin depolymerization and nucleotide exchange assays Journal of cell science High 11950878
2004 CAP1 colocalizes with cofilin-1 at dynamic cortical actin regions in mammalian cells; CAP1 knockdown causes accumulation of cofilin-1 into abnormal cytoplasmic aggregates, excessive F-actin, impaired cell morphology, migration, and endocytosis, establishing that CAP1 is required for proper cofilin-1 localization and function in actin dynamics. siRNA knockdown in NIH3T3 and B16F1 cells; immunofluorescence colocalization; cell migration and endocytosis assays Molecular biology of the cell High 15004221
2013 CAP1 depletion in HeLa cells leads to increased F-actin accumulation, larger cell size, enhanced lamellipodia, altered cofilin phosphorylation and localization, activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), enhanced cell spreading, and elevated motility/invasion; CAP1 forms complexes with FAK and Talin, suggesting inside-out integrin signaling underlies the adhesion phenotypes. Stable shRNA knockdown; in vitro actin polymerization assays; Co-IP of CAP1 with FAK and Talin; Western blotting for cofilin phosphorylation; invasion assays through Matrigel The Journal of biological chemistry High 23737525
2014 Mouse CAP1 N-terminal half forms hexameric structures and binds F-actin sides and ends, enhancing cofilin-mediated severing via conserved surface residues on the helical-folded domain; the C-terminal β-sheet domain is sufficient to catalyze ADP-actin nucleotide exchange, with the WH2 domain additionally required in the presence of cofilin; these activities are conserved between mouse and yeast Srv2/CAP. Electron microscopy of oligomeric structures; in vitro F-actin binding and severing assays with domain deletions and surface-residue mutagenesis; nucleotide exchange assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 25228691
2014 CAP1 is phosphorylated at S307 and S309 (human S308/S310); glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) phosphorylates S309. The phosphomimetic S307D/S309D mutant loses binding to cofilin and causes actin stress fiber accumulation, while the non-phosphorylatable S307A/S309A mutant shows increased cofilin binding and reduced actin binding, indicating phosphorylation facilitates cofilin release for subsequent actin severing cycles. Mass spectrometry phosphorylation mapping; kinase assays with GSK3; site-directed mutagenesis; Co-IP of CAP1 mutants with cofilin and actin; immunofluorescence in CAP1-knockdown rescue cells Journal of cell science High 25315833
2008 Upon apoptosis induction, CAP1 rapidly translocates to mitochondria independently of caspase activation; CAP1 knockdown confers resistance to apoptosis inducers; CAP1 overexpression stimulates cofilin-induced apoptosis; translocation requires the N-terminal mitochondrial-targeting domain and the C-terminal actin-binding domain. Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence during apoptosis; CAP1 knockdown with apoptosis assays; domain-deletion overexpression constructs; co-expression with cofilin Journal of cell science Medium 18716285
2008 CAP1 (adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1) is identified as a substrate of MMP-9/gelatinase B; MMP-9 cleaves CAP1 with high efficiency comparable to gelatin; CAP1 is present in extracellular milieu in vivo in urine of patients with renal failure where activated MMP-9 is also detected. In vitro MMP-9 cleavage assay; mass spectrometry substrate identification from dying human myelomonocytic cells; urine analysis from autoimmune disease patients Experimental cell research Medium 18671965
2017 Cadmium (Cd2+) induces site-specific Cys29-dependent disulfide dimerization of CAP1 in rat renal mesangial cells; this dimer shows enriched association with cofilin and the cofilin-F-actin complex, promoting F-actin depolymerization; cells expressing a Cys29-mutant CAP1 incapable of dimerization are protected against Cd2+-induced cytoskeletal disruption. F-actin sedimentation assays; GST-cofilin pulldown; site-directed mutagenesis of Cys29; siRNA silencing; diamide cross-linking; reducing agent experiments Archives of toxicology Medium 29222746
2018 CAP1 binds Rap1 GTPase in a GTP-independent, geranylgeranyl-specific manner via Rap1's C-terminal hypervariable region; the interaction is mediated by CAP1's C-terminal hydrophobic β-sheet domain; deltarasin (PDEδ disruptor) blocks the Rap1-CAP1 interaction; computational modeling shows lipid insertion into the β-solenoid interior stabilizes binding. Co-IP; GST pulldown; domain-deletion and mutagenesis; bio-layer interferometry; pharmacological competition with deltarasin; computational modeling The Journal of biological chemistry High 29618512
2021 CAP1 binds and activates mammalian adenylyl cyclase in vitro via its N-terminal domain RLE motifs interacting with cyclase catalytic loops (C1a/C2a); CAP1 modulates cAMP levels in live cells in a Rap1-dependent manner; CAP1 overexpression/knockdown affects cAMP-dependent cell proliferation in an RLE motif-dependent manner, constituting a CAP1-cyclase-Rap1 positive feedback regulatory unit. In vitro adenylyl cyclase activity assays; FRET-based cAMP sensor in live cells; CAP1 overexpression/knockdown; N-terminal domain deletions and RLE motif mutagenesis; constitutively active/negative Rap1 regulators Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 34099549
2021 CAP1 is essential for cofilin1 function in growth cone actin dynamics; CAP1 knockout neurons show growth cone morphology defects and impaired neuron connectivity; genetic rescue experiments in CAP1/cofilin1 double-KO neurons demonstrated mutual functional interdependence—CAP1 was required for cofilin1 function and vice versa. Gene-targeted mouse KO; super-resolution microscopy; live cell imaging; pharmacological actin manipulation; double-KO rescue experiments in hippocampal neurons Progress in neurobiology High 33845164
2021 CAP1 is enriched in dendritic spines; CAP1 deficiency impairs synaptic F-actin organization and dynamics and alters spine morphology; CAP1 cooperates with cofilin1 in spines through its helical folded domain; CAP1 and cofilin1 are functionally interdependent in control of spine morphology. Super-resolution microscopy; live cell imaging; CAP1-KO hippocampal neurons; domain-deletion rescue experiments; cofilin1 epistasis analysis Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS High 36264429
2016 CAP1 forms a complex with adenylyl cyclase 3 (AC3) and G-actin in pancreatic cancer cells; upon cAMP elevation by forskolin via AC3 activation, a rapid AC3/CAP1/G-actin complex forms that inhibits filopodia formation and cell motility. Western blotting; Co-IP of AC3, CAP1, and G-actin; AC1/AC3 knockdown; cell migration and filopodia assays Molecular carcinogenesis Medium 27891679
2018 CAP1 functions as a receptor for resistin on human monocytes/macrophages; CAP1 siRNA silencing abolishes resistin-induced EMT marker induction (SNAIL, ZEB1, vimentin), SNAIL/ZEB1 nuclear translocation, and MCF-7 cell migration, demonstrating CAP1-dependent signaling downstream of resistin. siRNA-mediated CAP1 knockdown; Western blotting for EMT markers; qPCR array; wound-healing migration assay Cytokine Medium 31085453
2019 CAP1 knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells enhances actin stress fibers, reduces cell motility and invasion; phosphorylation at the S308/S310 tandem site (elevated by hyper-active GSK3 in pancreatic cancer) is required for CAP1 function in invasiveness; GSK3 inhibition reduces motility; CAP1 depletion reduces FAK activity and cell adhesion; PDGF induces CAP1 dephosphorylation. CAP1 shRNA knockdown; phosphomimetic/non-phosphorylatable mutant rescue; GSK3 inhibitor treatment; Matrigel invasion assay; FAK activity measurement; PDGF stimulation Scientific reports Medium 30894654
2016 CAP1 exerts cell-type-dependent functions in breast cancer invasiveness mediated by ERK; depletion of CAP1 in metastatic MDA-MB-231 and BT-549 cells stimulated metastatic potential while inhibiting it in non-metastatic MCF-7 cells; phosphomimetic S307D/S309D mutants had compromised rescue of both invasiveness and proliferation; alterations in FAK and ERK activities were consistent with opposite adhesion phenotypes. siRNA knockdown in multiple cell lines; phosphomimetic and non-phosphorylatable CAP1 mutant rescue; invasion/proliferation assays; Western blotting for FAK and ERK Scientific reports Medium 27173014
2018 CAP1 knockdown in mouse oocytes impairs meiotic spindle migration and asymmetric division with excessive actin filament accumulation near spindles; cofilin overexpression-mediated actin reduction is rescued by simultaneous CAP1 knockdown; co-expression of human CAP1 and cofilin synergistically decreases cytoplasmic actin; CAP1 overexpression reduces phosphorylated cofilin, indicating CAP1 facilitates actin depolymerization via ADF/cofilin interaction. Morpholino-mediated knockdown in mouse oocytes; confocal imaging; cofilin co-expression experiments; Western blotting for phospho-cofilin Journal of cell science Medium 30404832
2022 CAP1 binds the M1 and M3 subdomains of PCSK9's C-terminal Cys/His-rich domain (CHRD); this interaction stabilizes the closed conformation of PCSK9, exposing the M2 subdomain required for PCSK9-mediated LDLR degradation; CAP1 is secreted by hepatic cells; CAP1 siRNA only partially inhibited PCSK9 activity on LDLR; CAP1 prevents binding of inhibitory nanobody P1.40. X-ray crystallography of CHRD-P1.40 complex at 2.2 Å; site-directed mutagenesis; bio-layer interferometry; deep mutational scanning; SAXS; CAP1 siRNA knockdown; immunocytochemistry for LDLR Molecular metabolism High 36566984
2023 CAP1 mediates cAMP signals through Epac and PKA effectors to activate Rap1, stimulating matrix adhesion in colon cancer cells; CAP1 knockdown abolishes the stimulatory effects of forskolin, isoproterenol, Epac, and PKA on matrix adhesion and reduces FAK and Rap1 activities in SW480 cells. CAP1 siRNA knockdown; cAMP activator (forskolin, isoproterenol) treatments; Epac and PKA pathway modulation; matrix adhesion assays; FAK and Rap1 activity measurements Cellular signalling Medium 36621727
2021 CAP1 promotes RNA polymerase II-Ser2 phosphorylation by facilitating CDK9 activity, thereby enhancing transcription elongation; this function depends on CAP1's actin-depolymerization activity in the nucleoplasm. CAP1 knockdown and overexpression in A549 cells; ChIP assays for Pol II-Ser2 phosphorylation; CDK9 activity assays; nuclear fractionation; in vivo xenograft confirmation Oncogene Medium 33911205
2021 miR-144/451 directly targets CAP1 mRNA in erythroid cells; enforced CAP1 overexpression inhibits contractile actin ring formation in erythroblasts and blocks terminal differentiation and enucleation, demonstrating a negative regulatory role for CAP1 in erythropoiesis through actin dynamics. miRNA target validation; CAP1 overexpression in erythroblasts; immunofluorescence of actin rings; differentiation and enucleation assays Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Medium 33496386
2021 CAP2 overexpression rescues growth cone size, morphology, and differentiation defects in CAP1-deficient neurons, demonstrating functional redundancy of CAP1 and CAP2 in differentiating neurons. CAP1-KO mouse neurons; CAP2-KO mouse; CAP2 overexpression rescue in CAP1-KO neurons; growth cone morphology and motility imaging; brain anatomy analysis Cells Medium 34204261

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 The epidermal barrier function is dependent on the serine protease CAP1/Prss8. The Journal of cell biology 226 16061697
2004 Cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) promotes cofilin-induced actin dynamics in mammalian nonmuscle cells. Molecular biology of the cell 172 15004221
2002 Human CAP1 is a key factor in the recycling of cofilin and actin for rapid actin turnover. Journal of cell science 167 11950878
2013 Inhibition of translation by IFIT family members is determined by their ability to interact selectively with the 5'-terminal regions of cap0-, cap1- and 5'ppp- mRNAs. Nucleic acids research 166 24371270
2010 Characterization of hMTr1, a human Cap1 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase. The Journal of biological chemistry 152 20713356
2001 CAP1, an adenylate cyclase-associated protein gene, regulates bud-hypha transitions, filamentous growth, and cyclic AMP levels and is required for virulence of Candida albicans. Journal of bacteriology 142 11325951
2007 Structure of the antiviral assembly inhibitor CAP-1 complex with the HIV-1 CA protein. Journal of molecular biology 133 17826792
2011 Regulation of efflux pump expression and drug resistance by the transcription factors Mrr1, Upc2, and Cap1 in Candida albicans. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 102 21402859
2011 PAR2 absence completely rescues inflammation and ichthyosis caused by altered CAP1/Prss8 expression in mouse skin. Nature communications 95 21245842
2003 mRNA cap-1 methyltransferase in the SARS genome. Cell 94 12809601
2012 The Cyclase-associated protein Cap1 is important for proper regulation of infection-related morphogenesis in Magnaporthe oryzae. PLoS pathogens 84 22969430
1998 Molecular cloning and expression of rat contraception associated protein 1 (CAP1), a protein putatively involved in fertilization. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 84 9792810
2013 Mammalian adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) regulates cofilin function, the actin cytoskeleton, and cell adhesion. The Journal of biological chemistry 77 23737525
2007 Co-localization of the channel activating protease prostasin/(CAP1/PRSS8) with its candidate activator, matriptase. Journal of cellular physiology 74 17471493
2008 Mitochondrial shuttling of CAP1 promotes actin- and cofilin-dependent apoptosis. Journal of cell science 72 18716285
2013 Ybp1 and Gpx3 signaling in Candida albicans govern hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidation of the Cap1 transcription factor and macrophage escape. Antioxidants & redox signaling 69 23706023
2012 Reduced prostasin (CAP1/PRSS8) activity eliminates HAI-1 and HAI-2 deficiency-associated developmental defects by preventing matriptase activation. PLoS genetics 62 22952456
2014 Structure and mechanism of mouse cyclase-associated protein (CAP1) in regulating actin dynamics. The Journal of biological chemistry 56 25228691
2005 Phase I/II combined chemoimmunotherapy with carcinoembryonic antigen-derived HLA-A2-restricted CAP-1 peptide and irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin in patients with primary metastatic colorectal cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 53 16115944
2014 The Cap1-claudin-4 regulatory pathway is important for renal chloride reabsorption and blood pressure regulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 52 25157135
2020 Novel Pathway for Chloramphenicol Catabolism in the Activated Sludge Bacterial Isolate Sphingobium sp. CAP-1. Environmental science & technology 50 32412239
2019 Resistin induces breast cancer cells epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness through both adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1)-dependent and CAP1-independent mechanisms. Cytokine 50 31085453
2012 Synthesis of 5' cap-0 and cap-1 RNAs using solid-phase chemistry coupled with enzymatic methylation by human (guanine-N⁷)-methyl transferase. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 41 22334760
2011 Differential requirement of the transcription factor Mcm1 for activation of the Candida albicans multidrug efflux pump MDR1 by its regulators Mrr1 and Cap1. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 38 21343453
2016 Mechanisms Underlying the Delayed Activation of the Cap1 Transcription Factor in Candida albicans following Combinatorial Oxidative and Cationic Stress Important for Phagocytic Potency. mBio 37 27025253
2014 Phosphorylation of the cytoskeletal protein CAP1 controls its association with cofilin and actin. Journal of cell science 37 25315833
2012 Mutations of the serine protease CAP1/Prss8 lead to reduced embryonic viability, skin defects, and decreased ENaC activity. The American journal of pathology 34 22705055
2013 A randomized pilot phase I study of modified carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) peptide (CAP1-6D)/montanide/GM-CSF-vaccine in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Journal for immunotherapy of cancer 33 24829746
2021 Mutual functional dependence of cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) and cofilin1 in neuronal actin dynamics and growth cone function. Progress in neurobiology 29 33845164
2014 The membrane-anchored serine protease prostasin (CAP1/PRSS8) supports epidermal development and postnatal homeostasis independent of its enzymatic activity. The Journal of biological chemistry 29 24706745
2021 Phosphorylation of CAP1 regulates lung cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 28 34636991
2018 Resistin effects on pancreatic cancer progression and chemoresistance are mediated through its receptors CAP1 and TLR4. Journal of cellular physiology 28 30317640
2012 The IGR-CaP1 xenograft model recapitulates mixed osteolytic/blastic bone lesions observed in metastatic prostate cancer. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 28 22745584
2010 Adaptive tolerance to oxidative stress and the induction of antioxidant enzymatic activities in Candida albicans are independent of the Hog1 and Cap1-mediated pathways. FEMS yeast research 28 20608985
2016 CAP1 (Cyclase-Associated Protein 1) Exerts Distinct Functions in the Proliferation and Metastatic Potential of Breast Cancer Cells Mediated by ERK. Scientific reports 27 27173014
2013 Upregulated expression of CAP1 is associated with tumor migration and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathology, research and practice 27 24359721
2019 Various exercise intensities differentially regulate GAP-43 and CAP-1 expression in the rat hippocampus. Gene 26 30682386
2015 CAP1 is overexpressed in human epithelial ovarian cancer and promotes cell proliferation. International journal of molecular medicine 26 25652936
2013 The channel-activating protease CAP1/Prss8 is required for placental labyrinth maturation. PloS one 26 23405214
2010 Stemness markers characterize IGR-CaP1, a new cell line derived from primary epithelial prostate cancer. Experimental cell research 26 20974126
2000 Maize cap1 encodes a novel SERCA-type calcium-ATPase with a calmodulin-binding domain. The Journal of biological chemistry 24 10770930
2019 The Cytoskeletal Protein Cyclase-Associated Protein 1 (CAP1) in Breast Cancer: Context-Dependent Roles in Both the Invasiveness and Proliferation of Cancer Cells and Underlying Cell Signals. International journal of molecular sciences 23 31151140
2017 Research of Mrr1, Cap1 and MDR1 in Candida albicans resistant to azole medications. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 23 29434708
2015 Distinct Developmental Functions of Prostasin (CAP1/PRSS8) Zymogen and Activated Prostasin. The Journal of biological chemistry 23 26719335
2016 Adenylyl cyclase 3/adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) complex mediates the anti-migratory effect of forskolin in pancreatic cancer cells. Molecular carcinogenesis 22 27891679
2014 SAGA/ADA complex subunit Ada2 is required for Cap1- but not Mrr1-mediated upregulation of the Candida albicans multidrug efflux pump MDR1. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 21 24936593
1985 Activation of influenza virus-associated RNA polymerase by cap-1 structure (m7GpppNm). Journal of biochemistry 21 4008472
2021 CAP1 binds and activates adenylyl cyclase in mammalian cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20 34099549
2018 Human RNA cap1 methyltransferase CMTr1 cooperates with RNA helicase DHX15 to modify RNAs with highly structured 5' termini. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 20 30397098
2013 Downregulated expression of the cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) reduces migration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Japanese journal of clinical oncology 20 23904342
2008 Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein-1/CAP1 as a biological target substrate of gelatinase B/MMP-9. Experimental cell research 20 18671965
2021 Functional Redundancy of Cyclase-Associated Proteins CAP1 and CAP2 in Differentiating Neurons. Cells 19 34204261
2021 Resistin induces chemokine and matrix metalloproteinase production via CAP1 receptor and activation of p38-MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways in human chondrocytes. Clinical and experimental rheumatology 18 33886462
2007 Low TCR avidity and lack of tumor cell recognition in CD8(+) T cells primed with the CEA-analogue CAP1-6D peptide. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 18 17564703
2019 Phosphorylation Regulates CAP1 (Cyclase-Associated Protein 1) Functions in the Motility and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Scientific reports 17 30894654
2018 Cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) is a prenyl-binding partner of Rap1 GTPase. The Journal of biological chemistry 17 29618512
2022 Functional interdependence of the actin regulators CAP1 and cofilin1 in control of dendritic spine morphology. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 16 36264429
2022 Molecular interactions of PCSK9 with an inhibitory nanobody, CAP1 and HLA-C: Functional regulation of LDLR levels. Molecular metabolism 16 36566984
2006 Significance of the N- and C-terminal regions of CAP-1, a cuticle calcification-associated peptide from the exoskeleton of the crayfish, for calcification. Peptides 16 17239990
2018 Association of RETN and CAP1 SNPs, Expression and Serum Resistin Levels with Breast Cancer in Mexican Women. Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers 15 29641286
2016 Overexpression of CAP1 and its significance in tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion in glioma. Oncology reports 15 27432289
2010 HLA-A*0201-restricted CEA-derived peptide CAP1 is not a suitable target for T-cell-based immunotherapy. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 15 20386466
2022 Sodium retention in nephrotic syndrome is independent of the activation of the membrane-anchored serine protease prostasin (CAP1/PRSS8) and its enzymatic activity. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology 14 35312839
2017 Cadmium favors F-actin depolymerization in rat renal mesangial cells by site-specific, disulfide-based dimerization of the CAP1 protein. Archives of toxicology 14 29222746
2018 CAP1-mediated actin cycling via ADF/cofilin proteins is essential for asymmetric division in mouse oocytes. Journal of cell science 13 30404832
2014 The expression of CAP1 after traumatic brain injury and its role in astrocyte proliferation. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 13 25060335
2020 Effects of tumor-specific CAP1 expression and body constitution on clinical outcomes in patients with early breast cancer. Breast cancer research : BCR 12 32560703
2021 Adipocytes Under Obese-Like Conditions Change Cell Cycle Distribution and Phosphorylation Profiles of Breast Cancer Cells: The Adipokine Receptor CAP1 Matters. Frontiers in oncology 11 33738261
2020 Mouse Ifit1b is a cap1-RNA-binding protein that inhibits mouse coronavirus translation and is regulated by complexing with Ifit1c. The Journal of biological chemistry 11 33454014
2016 Altered Prostasin (CAP1/Prss8) Expression Favors Inflammation and Tissue Remodeling in DSS-induced Colitis. Inflammatory bowel diseases 11 27755216
2013 CAP1 was associated with actin and involved in Schwann cell differentiation and motility after sciatic nerve injury. Journal of molecular histology 11 24272071
2022 Kidney-Specific CAP1/Prss8-Deficient Mice Maintain ENaC-Mediated Sodium Balance through an Aldosterone Independent Pathway. International journal of molecular sciences 10 35743186
2021 Proteomic Analysis Reveals That Metformin Suppresses PSMD2, STIP1, and CAP1 for Preventing Gastric Cancer AGS Cell Proliferation and Migration. ACS omega 10 34124444
1993 Sequence of a 7.8 kb segment on the left arm of yeast chromosome XI reveals four open reading frames, including the CAP1 gene, an intron-containing gene and a gene encoding a homolog to the mammalian UOG-1 gene. Yeast (Chichester, England) 10 8488728
2023 CAP1 (cyclase-associated protein 1) mediates the cyclic AMP signals that activate Rap1 in stimulating matrix adhesion of colon cancer cells. Cellular signalling 9 36621727
2023 Loss of the actin regulator cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) modestly affects dendritic spine remodeling during synaptic plasticity. European journal of cell biology 9 37634312
2023 Targeting cap1 RNA methyltransferases as an antiviral strategy. Cell chemical biology 9 38091983
2019 The antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation resistance of Candida albicans is modulated by the Hog1 pathway and the Cap1 transcription factor. Medical mycology 9 30289464
2016 Synthesis of HIV-1 capsid protein assembly inhibitor (CAP-1) and its analogues based on a biomass approach. Organic & biomolecular chemistry 9 27714265
2015 A specific antimicrobial protein CAP-1 from Pseudomonas sp. isolated from the jellyfish Cyanea capillata. International journal of biological macromolecules 9 26529191
2011 Two mutations in the C-terminal domain of influenza virus RNA polymerase PB2 enhance transcription by enhancing cap-1 RNA binding activity. Biochimica et biophysica acta 9 22146492
2025 Decoding the resistin-CAP1 pathway in intermediate monocytes mediating liver allograft rejection. Journal of hepatology 8 40345627
2018 Phosphorylation of the Cytoskeletal Protein CAP1 Regulates Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Survival and Proliferation by GSK3β. Journal of Cancer 8 30123351
2025 Truncated NTRK2 is induced in CAP1 endothelial cells during mouse lung injury-repair. iScience 7 40687816
2023 Uptake of Levilactobacillus brevis JCM 1059 by THP-1 Cells via Interaction between SlpB and CAP-1 Promotes Cytokine Production. Microorganisms 7 36838212
2021 CAP1, a target of miR-144/451, negatively regulates erythroid differentiation and enucleation. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 7 33496386
2019 Resistin and adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) regulate the expression of genes related to insulin resistance in BNL CL.2 mouse liver cells. Data in brief 7 31294061
2015 Identification and characterization of Csh3 as an SH3 protein that interacts with fission yeast Cap1. FEMS yeast research 6 26542710
2004 Hamster contraception associated protein 1 (CAP1). Molecular reproduction and development 6 15112332
2025 Resistin upregulates fatty acid oxidation in synoviocytes of metabolic syndrome-associated knee osteoarthritis via CAP1/PKA/CREB to promote inflammation and catabolism. Arthritis research & therapy 5 40301946
2021 Relationship of intracellular proteolysis with CAP1 and cofilin1 in non-small-cell lung cancer. Journal of biosciences 5 34148878
2020 Roles for Drosophila cap1 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase in the small RNA silencing pathway associated with Argonaute 2. Insect biochemistry and molecular biology 5 32504809
2017 Differential expression of KRT83 regulated by the transcript factor CAP1 in Chinese Tan sheep. Gene 5 28284878
2023 Kidney-Specific Membrane-Bound Serine Proteases CAP1/Prss8 and CAP3/St14 Affect ENaC Subunit Abundances but Not Its Activity. Cells 4 37830556
2021 Novel role of CAP1 in regulation RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription elongation depends on its actin-depolymerization activity in nucleoplasm. Oncogene 4 33911205
2002 CAP1 expression is developmentally regulated in Xenopus. Mechanisms of development 4 11960715
2025 ISOPENTENYL TRANSFERASE3 activation triggers root ammonium hypersensitivity via the cytokinin-ARR10/ARR12-CAP1 signaling pathway. Plant physiology 3 41022574
2024 Molecular and cellular mechanisms of PDAC progression based on RETN-CAP1-mediated macrophage-fibroblast crosstalk: Action of ITGB5 and ITGB1 recombinant proteins. International journal of biological macromolecules 3 39719238
2023 Role of serum CAP1 protein in the diagnosis of patients with first-time acute myocardial infarction. Medicine 3 37773847
2022 Correlation between SAP2 and CAP1 in clinical strains of Candida albicans at planktonic and biofilm states. Canadian journal of microbiology 3 36162133

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