Affinage

BRMS1

Breast cancer metastasis-suppressor 1 · UniProt Q9HCU9

Length
246 aa
Mass
28.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
96 papers in source corpus 30 papers cited in narrative 30 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

BRMS1 is a metastasis suppressor that inhibits tumor dissemination without affecting primary tumor growth by acting through chromatin remodeling complexes and direct ubiquitin ligase activity. BRMS1 integrates into mSin3/HDAC and LSD1/CoREST corepressor complexes to repress transcription of pro-metastatic genes such as OPN, Twist1, and HIF-1α, primarily by antagonizing NF-κB-dependent transcription and modulating histone acetylation (PMID:14581478, PMID:17227585, PMID:25368381, PMID:30416854). BRMS1 also functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets the histone acetyltransferases p300/CBP for proteasomal degradation through a conserved CXD motif essential for its metastasis-suppressive activity, and a splice variant (BRMS1v2) interacts with nuclear Src to repress c-fos-mediated transcription (PMID:23269275, PMID:36197962). BRMS1 protein stability and nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling are regulated by CK2α′-mediated S30 phosphorylation triggering 14-3-3ε-dependent nuclear export and degradation, CDK2-mediated S237 phosphorylation controlling migration-relevant protein interactions, and ubiquitination by Cul3-SPOP and TRIM7 E3 ligase complexes (PMID:26980766, PMID:26771717, PMID:22085717, PMID:32853985).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 13 steps
  1. 2000 High

    The foundational question of whether a gene at 11q13 could suppress metastasis without affecting primary tumor growth was answered, establishing BRMS1 as a bona fide metastasis suppressor.

    Evidence Stable transfection into MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-231 cells with in vivo xenograft lung and lymph node metastasis assays

    PMID:10850410

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of metastasis suppression unknown
    • No molecular targets or interacting partners identified
    • Activity in non-breast cancer contexts untested
  2. 2000 Medium

    An early phenotypic clue emerged: BRMS1 restored gap junctional intercellular communication and modestly inhibited motility, suggesting its effects operate through cell communication rather than protease activity or ECM adhesion.

    Evidence In vitro GJIC, motility, adhesion, and MMP expression assays in breast carcinoma lines

    PMID:11827072

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism linking BRMS1 to GJIC unknown
    • No transcriptional targets identified
  3. 2003 High

    The mechanism shifted from phenotype to molecular complex: BRMS1 was shown to be a component of mSin3/HDAC corepressor complexes, explaining its metastasis suppression through transcriptional repression via histone deacetylation.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid (RBP1), reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation with HDAC1/mSin3A, enzymatic HDAC activity, and Gal4-reporter transcriptional repression assay

    PMID:14581478

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific gene targets of BRMS1-mediated repression unidentified
    • Relative contribution of different HDACs unclear
    • Whether BRMS1 has functions independent of mSin3 complexes unknown
  4. 2007 High

    The first direct transcriptional target was identified: BRMS1 represses OPN via a novel NF-κB binding site, with HDAC3 participating in this repression, establishing NF-κB inhibition as a central mechanism.

    Evidence Luciferase reporter assays, EMSA, and ChIP on OPN promoter NF-κB site

    PMID:17227585

    Open questions at the time
    • Breadth of NF-κB-dependent target genes unknown
    • Mechanism by which BRMS1 inhibits NF-κB activation not defined
  5. 2008 High

    The stage of the metastatic cascade where BRMS1 acts was pinpointed: it increases anoikis sensitivity during vascular transit and inhibits colonization at secondary sites across multiple organs.

    Evidence Intracardiac injection xenograft model with multi-organ analysis plus in vitro anoikis assays

    PMID:18276787

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular pathway linking BRMS1 to anoikis sensitization not elucidated
    • Whether effects are organ-specific or universal unclear
  6. 2009 High

    BRMS1 was shown to shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm via a functional NLS (recognized by importin α6) and a CRM1-independent NES, establishing that its localization is dynamically regulated.

    Evidence NLS/NES mapping constructs, yeast two-hybrid with importin α6, heterokaryon shuttling assay, leptomycin B insensitivity

    PMID:19649328

    Open questions at the time
    • Signals or stimuli regulating shuttling unknown
    • CRM1-independent export pathway uncharacterized
    • Functional significance of cytoplasmic pool unclear
  7. 2011 High

    Three key advances converged: the crystal structure revealed a hexameric N-terminal coiled-coil architecture; Cul3-SPOP was identified as an E3 ligase degrading BRMS1; and TNF/RelA-p65-driven DNMT1 recruitment to the BRMS1 promoter was shown to silence BRMS1 itself via CpG methylation.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography with biophysical validation (hexamer); Co-IP and ubiquitination assays (Cul3-SPOP); ChIP, methylation-specific PCR, mutagenesis, and pharmacological inhibition (DNMT1 pathway)

    PMID:21765477 PMID:21777593 PMID:22085717

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional role of hexamerization in complex assembly unknown
    • Additional E3 ligases targeting BRMS1 not yet surveyed
    • Whether DNMT1-mediated silencing operates in all tumor types unclear
  8. 2012 High

    BRMS1 was discovered to have intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, targeting p300 for proteasomal degradation through a conserved CXD motif; this activity is essential for metastasis suppression, revealing a non-transcriptional effector mechanism.

    Evidence In vitro ubiquitination reconstitution, CXD motif mutagenesis, in vivo lung cancer metastasis model

    PMID:23269275

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether substrates beyond p300/CBP exist is unknown
    • Structural basis of CXD-mediated E3 activity unresolved
    • Relationship between E3 ligase function and mSin3 complex membership unclear
  9. 2013 High

    Functional dissection of BRMS1 localization signals revealed that the C-terminal NLS2 is dispensable for nuclear import but essential for metastasis suppression and SIN3A interaction in both compartments, and that BRMS1 suppresses integrin β1/FAK activation at focal adhesions to delay cell adhesion.

    Evidence NLS mutagenesis/truncation with xenograft metastasis assay and SIN3A co-IP (NLS2); confocal microscopy, integrin activation assays, 3D culture (integrin/FAK)

    PMID:23390556 PMID:24000122

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking BRMS1 to integrin activation status unknown
    • Whether cytoplasmic SIN3A complex has distinct gene targets is unresolved
  10. 2014 High

    BRMS1 was shown to suppress EMT by preventing NF-κB-dependent Twist1 transcription; loss of BRMS1 increased RelA/p65 K310 acetylation at the Twist1 promoter, connecting BRMS1's chromatin-remodeling role to the EMT program.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown, ChIP at Twist1 promoter, epistasis with Twist1 KD, in vivo lung tumor model

    PMID:25368381

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether BRMS1 directly deacetylates RelA K310 or acts indirectly unclear
    • Contribution of EMT suppression relative to anoikis sensitization in vivo unquantified
  11. 2016 High

    Two phosphorylation events regulating BRMS1 were mapped: CK2α′ phosphorylates S30 to trigger 14-3-3ε-mediated nuclear export and degradation (targetable by CX4945), while CDK2 phosphorylates S237 to regulate migration-related protein interactions without affecting mSin3 complex association.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis (S30, S237), co-IP with 14-3-3ε, CK2 inhibitor CX4945, in vitro CDK2 kinase assay, in vivo orthotopic metastasis model

    PMID:26771717 PMID:26980766

    Open questions at the time
    • Full phosphoproteome of BRMS1 not mapped
    • Whether S30 and S237 phosphorylation events are coordinated or independent unknown
    • Therapeutic window of CK2 inhibition for BRMS1 stabilization not established
  12. 2018 Medium

    BRMS1's functional repertoire expanded beyond mSin3: it was identified as a component of the LSD1/CoREST corepressor complex co-regulating metastasis genes, and separately shown to promote FANCI/FANCD2 monoubiquitination for DNA interstrand crosslink repair; additionally, TRIM7 was identified as a second E3 ligase degrading BRMS1.

    Evidence AP-MS and RNA-seq with migration/invasion assays (LSD1/CoREST); Co-IP, domain mapping, ICL sensitivity in CRISPR-KO cells (FANCI); Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, PDX model (TRIM7)

    PMID:30365131 PMID:30416854 PMID:32853985

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether LSD1/CoREST and mSin3 complexes have overlapping or distinct BRMS1-dependent target genes unknown
    • Structural basis of BRMS1-FANCI interaction not resolved
    • Relative contributions of SPOP vs TRIM7 to BRMS1 turnover in different tissues unclear
  13. 2022 High

    A naturally occurring SNP (BRMS1v2 A273V) was shown to abolish metastasis suppression by disrupting interaction with nuclear Src, derepressing c-fos/CEACAM6 transcription, which was therapeutically targetable with c-fos inhibitor T5224.

    Evidence NGS variant identification, co-IP (BRMS1v2–nuclear Src), xenograft and PDO intracardiac injection models, pharmacological rescue with T5224

    PMID:36197962

    Open questions at the time
    • Population frequency and penetrance of A273V not determined from this study
    • Whether nuclear Src interaction is relevant to BRMS1v1 function unknown
    • Structural basis of Src-BRMS1v2 interaction unresolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key open questions include how BRMS1 partitions between mSin3/HDAC, LSD1/CoREST, and other complexes; the full spectrum of E3 ligase substrates beyond p300/CBP; the structural basis for its dual corepressor-component and E3-ligase activities; and whether BRMS1-stabilizing strategies (CK2 or TRIM7 inhibition) can be translated therapeutically.
  • No integrative structural model of full-length BRMS1 in complex
  • No genome-wide identification of direct BRMS1-bound chromatin sites (e.g., genome-wide ChIP-seq)
  • Therapeutic applicability of BRMS1 stabilization not tested in clinical settings

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 4 GO:0016874 ligase activity 2 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 1
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 4 GO:0005829 cytosol 3
Pathway
R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 3 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 3 R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 1
Partners
EP300FANCIHDAC1KPNA5RBP1SIN3ASPOPTRIM7
Complex memberships
LSD1/CoREST corepressor complexmSin3A/HDAC corepressor complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 30 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2000 BRMS1 was identified as a metastasis suppressor gene encoded at chromosome 11q13.1-q13.2; stable transfection into MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells suppressed metastasis to lungs and regional lymph nodes without inhibiting primary tumor formation. Differential display, stable transfection, in vivo xenograft metastasis assay Cancer research High 10850410
2000 BRMS1 expression restored homotypic gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in human breast carcinoma cells and modestly inhibited cell motility, without affecting adhesion to ECM components, MMP expression, or other known metastasis suppressors. In vitro functional assays (GJIC, motility, adhesion, soft agar, MMP expression) Clinical & experimental metastasis Medium 11827072
2003 BRMS1 interacts with retinoblastoma-binding protein 1 (RBP1) and at least seven members of the mSin3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex, co-immunoprecipitates enzymatically active HDAC proteins, and represses transcription when recruited to a Gal4 promoter; BRMS1 exists in large ~1.4–1.9 MDa mSin3 complexes and also smaller complexes with HDAC1; C-terminal 42 amino acids are not critical for mSin3 interaction. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo transcription repression assay, deletion analysis The Journal of biological chemistry High 14581478
2004 A BRMS1-homologous protein p40 was identified as a component of the mSin3A/p33(ING1b)/HDAC1 deacetylase complex; the purified p40-associated complex shows strong HDAC activity and Gal-p40 represses transcription; p40 overexpression inhibits cell growth. Biochemical purification, mass spectrometry, HDAC activity assay, Gal4-luciferase repression assay Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 15451426
2006 BRMS1 protein is stabilized by the Hsp90 chaperone; BRMS1 interacts with chaperones DNAJB6 (MRJ), Hsp90, and Hsp70, and also with class II HDACs (HDAC4, 5, 6); BRMS1 turnover is proteasome-dependent. Yeast two-hybrid, immuno-affinity chromatography, co-immunoprecipitation, proteasome inhibitor treatment Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 16919237
2007 BRMS1 inhibits osteopontin (OPN) transcription by abrogating NF-κB activation; a novel NF-κB binding site in the OPN promoter was identified, confirmed by EMSA and ChIP, and HDAC3 participates in OPN suppression via this site. Luciferase reporter assays, EMSA, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Molecular cancer High 17227585
2008 BRMS1 suppresses metastasis by increasing cell death during transit through the vasculature (susceptibility to anoikis) and inhibiting colonization at secondary sites; it reduces metastatic outgrowth in multiple organs (lung, bone, liver, brain, etc.). Intracardiac injection xenograft model, in vitro anoikis assay (poly-HEMA plates), in vivo imaging The American journal of pathology High 18276787
2009 BRMS1 contains a functional nuclear localization signal (NLS) sufficient for nuclear import, mediated specifically by importin α6; a nuclear export signal (NES) not sensitive to CRM1 inhibitor leptomycin B; and BRMS1 shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm as shown by interspecies heterokaryon assay. In vivo NLS/NES assays, yeast two-hybrid (importin α6 interaction), heterokaryon shuttling assay, leptomycin B treatment PloS one High 19649328
2010 ING4 is induced by BRMS1 downstream of NF-κB inhibition and suppresses melanoma angiogenesis by inhibiting IL-6 expression; ING4 knockdown abrogates BRMS1-mediated suppression of endothelial cell growth, establishing ING4 as a downstream effector of BRMS1 in angiogenesis regulation. Genetic epistasis (ING4 knockdown/overexpression in BRMS1-expressing cells), in vitro HUVEC assays, in vivo matrigel plug assay Cancer research Medium 21056991
2011 TNF-induced phosphorylation of RelA/p65 at S276 promotes direct recruitment of DNMT-1 to the BRMS1 promoter, causing promoter-specific CpG methylation and transcriptional repression of BRMS1; small-molecule inhibition of RelA/p65-DNMT-1 interaction abrogates this repression. ChIP, methylation-specific PCR, luciferase reporter assay, Co-IP, small-molecule inhibition, site-directed mutagenesis (S276) Oncogene High 21765477
2011 BRMS1 is ubiquitinated and destabilized by the Cul3-SPOP E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; SPOP acts as the adaptor protein for this interaction; SPOP knockdown increases BRMS1 protein levels and represses BRMS1 target genes OPN and uPA. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, siRNA knockdown Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 22085717
2011 Crystal structure of BRMS1 N-terminal region (residues 51–98) reveals an antiparallel coiled-coil motif that homo-oligomerizes into a hexameric conformation (trimer of coiled-coil dimers), as confirmed by hydrodynamic experiments; this N-terminal region mediates molecular clustering relevant to BRMS1 function. X-ray crystallography, hydrodynamic experiments (solution biophysics) Journal of molecular biology High 21777593
2012 BRMS1 functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase toward histone acetyltransferase p300, inducing its polyubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation; the evolutionarily conserved CXD motif in BRMS1 is responsible for this E3 ligase activity; mutation of the CXD motif abolishes p300 ubiquitination and dramatically reduces metastasis suppression in vitro and in vivo. In vitro ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (CXD motif), in vivo lung cancer metastasis model, proteasome inhibitor assay Cancer research High 23269275
2013 The C-terminal NLS2 (amino acids 238–244) of BRMS1 is necessary for metastasis suppression but not strictly for nuclear localization; NLS2-containing constructs co-immunoprecipitate SIN3A in both nucleus and cytoplasm, whereas NLS1-only constructs associate with SIN3A only in the nucleus; NLS2 is required for down-regulation of pro-metastatic miR-10b. NLS mutagenesis/truncation constructs, xenograft metastasis assay, co-immunoprecipitation, miRNA expression analysis PloS one High 23390556
2013 BRMS1 expression reduces activation of β1 integrin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), decreases their localization to focal adhesion sites, and impairs cytoskeletal reorganization on collagen/fibronectin, leading to markedly delayed cell adhesion without altering integrin monomer expression levels. Time-lapse and confocal microscopy, integrin activation assay, 3D culture, focal adhesion imaging Molecular carcinogenesis Medium 24000122
2014 Loss of BRMS1 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in NSCLC cells via NF-κB (RelA/p65)-dependent transcriptional upregulation of Twist1; ChIP shows increased RelA/p65 K310 acetylation at the Twist1 promoter upon BRMS1 knockdown; Twist1 knockdown reverses BRMS1-KD-mediated EMT. shRNA knockdown, ChIP, EMT marker analysis, genetic epistasis (Twist1 KD in BRMS1-KD background), in vivo lung tumor model Molecular and cellular biology High 25368381
2015 iASPP stabilizes p300 and CBP by interfering with their BRMS1-mediated ubiquitination; iASPP depletion decreases p300/CBP levels in a manner rescued by BRMS1 knockdown, demonstrating that BRMS1 E3 ligase activity toward p300/CBP is counteracted by iASPP. Co-immunoprecipitation, shRNA knockdown, Western blot, rescue assay Cell death & disease Medium 25675294
2015 JARID1C histone demethylase promotes breast cancer metastasis by reducing H3K4me3 at the BRMS1 gene promoter, silencing BRMS1 transcription; JARID1C knockdown increases BRMS1 expression and inhibits cell migration; BRMS1 knockdown reverses the migration inhibition caused by JARID1C silencing. ChIP (H3K4me3), siRNA knockdown, epistasis rescue assay, migration assay Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 26182878
2016 TNF-induced CK2α' phosphorylates nuclear BRMS1 on serine 30 (S30), promoting 14-3-3ε-mediated nuclear export of BRMS1, increased cytoplasmic localization, and subsequent ubiquitin-proteasome degradation; S30 mutation or CK2 inhibitor CX4945 abrogates this and reduces NSCLC metastasis ~60-fold in vivo. Site-directed mutagenesis (S30), co-immunoprecipitation (14-3-3ε), small-molecule CK2 inhibitor, in vivo orthotopic metastasis model, human NSCLC specimen analysis Cancer research High 26980766
2016 BRMS1 is phosphorylated on serine 237 by CDK2; this phosphorylation does not affect nuclear localization, cell cycle progression, or association with mSin3/HDAC complex, but does regulate cell migration; S237 is immediately proximal to the C-terminal NLS. In vitro CDK2 kinase assay, site-directed mutagenesis (S237), cell cycle analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, migration assay Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) High 26771717
2018 BRMS1 is an integral component of the LSD1/CoREST corepressor complex; affinity purification/MS identified this interaction; BRMS1 and LSD1 together are required for inhibition of breast cancer cell migration and invasion, and co-regulate target genes including VIM and other metastasis-related genes. Affinity purification, mass spectrometry, RNA-seq, functional migration/invasion assays American journal of cancer research Medium 30416854
2018 TRIM7 ubiquitinates BRMS1, promoting its degradation and thereby regulating osteosarcoma cell migration, invasion, and chemoresistance; m6A modification of TRIM7 mRNA (mediated by METTL3/YTHDF2) modulates TRIM7 levels and consequently BRMS1 stability. Co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, pull-down, ubiquitination assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (m6A), immunofluorescence, PDX mouse model EBioMedicine High 32853985
2018 BRMS1 interacts with FANCI via its linker region between two coiled-coil motifs; BRMS1 knockdown/knockout diminishes FANCI and FANCD2 monoubiquitination and FANCD2 foci formation in response to DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL) damage, and causes hypersensitivity to ICLs; BRMS1-FANCI interaction is required for BRMS1's regulatory role in the Fanconi anemia DNA repair pathway. Co-immunoprecipitation, BRMS1 domain mapping (deletion constructs), FANCD2 immunofluorescence foci, ICL sensitivity assay, CRISPR knockout Oncology reports Medium 30365131
2021 Phosphorylation status of BRMS1 at S237 regulates its protein interactions with partners involved in cell cycle (e.g., CDKN2A), DNA repair (e.g., BRCA1), and metastasis (e.g., TCF2, POLE2); presence of S237 directly decreases MDA-MB-231 migration in vitro and metastases in vivo. Quantitative MS interactome (phospho-S237 vs. S237A mutant), in vitro migration assay, in vivo metastasis model PloS one Medium 34788285
2022 BRMS1v2 A273V SNP abolishes metastasis suppressor function; wild-type BRMS1v2 interacts with nuclear Src to suppress c-fos-mediated transcription; the A273V mutation abrogates this Src interaction, activating c-fos, upregulating CEACAM6, and driving metastasis; c-fos inhibitor T5224 suppresses metastasis in BRMS1v2 A273V/A273V models. Next-generation sequencing, Co-immunoprecipitation (BRMS1v2-nuclear Src), xenograft and PDO intracardiac injection metastasis models, pharmacological inhibition (T5224) Science translational medicine High 36197962
2017 BRMS1 transcriptionally activates DAPK1 through NF-κB binding sites in the DAPK1 promoter (−200 to −80 bp region); BRMS1 occupancy at this promoter region was confirmed by ChIP; site-directed mutation of NF-κB sites blocks BRMS1-mediated DAPK1 transcriptional activation. Luciferase reporter assay with deletion/mutation constructs, ChIP, qPCR, Western blot International journal of oncology Medium 28339067
2013 BRMS1 overexpression increases cAMP levels and PKA activity by activating adenylate cyclase via G-protein coupling, and upregulates Cx26 (connexin 26) expression; pertussis toxin pretreatment eliminates BRMS1's effect on cell migration, implicating a G-protein-coupled cAMP signaling pathway in BRMS1-mediated migration suppression. Radioimmunoassay (cAMP), enzyme immunoassay (AC, PDE, PKA activity), pertussis toxin inhibition, RT-PCR and Western blot (connexins) International journal of clinical and experimental medicine Low 24260596
2013 BRMS1 expression restores P2Y2 purinergic receptor levels and ATP-induced cytosolic calcium mobilization in breast cancer cells, sensitizing them to the antiproliferative effects of extracellular ATP. Cell proliferation assay, apoptosis assay, calcium imaging, P2Y2 expression analysis BioResearch open access Low 23593560
2009 Endogenous BRMS1-containing complexes immunoprecipitated from MCF7 cells contain Hsp27, as identified by mass spectrometry. Immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry Protein expression and purification Low 19401233
2015 BRMS1 attenuates TGF-β1-induced EMT and invasion through NF-κB-mediated downregulation of HIF-1α transcript, which in turn reduces Snail and TWIST1 expression; ChIP and luciferase assays confirm HIF-1α as transcriptional regulator of TWIST1 and Snail. ChIP, luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot, Matrigel invasion assay BMC cancer Medium 26520789

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 96 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2000 Functional evidence for a novel human breast carcinoma metastasis suppressor, BRMS1, encoded at chromosome 11q13. Cancer research 233 10850410
2003 Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) forms complexes with retinoblastoma-binding protein 1 (RBP1) and the mSin3 histone deacetylase complex and represses transcription. The Journal of biological chemistry 141 14581478
2002 Suppression of human melanoma metastasis by the metastasis suppressor gene, BRMS1. Experimental cell research 124 11822878
2007 Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) inhibits osteopontin transcription by abrogating NF-kappaB activation. Molecular cancer 104 17227585
2020 N6-Methyladenosine modification of the TRIM7 positively regulates tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in osteosarcoma through ubiquitination of BRMS1. EBioMedicine 95 32853985
2001 Predisposition to efficient mammary tumor metastatic progression is linked to the breast cancer metastasis suppressor gene Brms1. Cancer research 93 11751410
2008 BRMS1 suppresses breast cancer experimental metastasis to multiple organs by inhibiting several steps of the metastatic process. The American journal of pathology 89 18276787
2006 Suppression of human ovarian carcinoma metastasis by the metastasis-suppressor gene, BRMS1. International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society 88 16681721
2000 Analysis of mechanisms underlying BRMS1 suppression of metastasis. Clinical & experimental metastasis 86 11827072
2011 Phosphorylation of RelA/p65 promotes DNMT-1 recruitment to chromatin and represses transcription of the tumor metastasis suppressor gene BRMS1. Oncogene 79 21765477
2008 Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) suppresses metastasis and correlates with improved patient survival in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer letters 72 19111386
2006 Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) is stabilized by the Hsp90 chaperone. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 59 16919237
2004 Identification of a novel BRMS1-homologue protein p40 as a component of the mSin3A/p33(ING1b)/HDAC1 deacetylase complex. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 59 15451426
2008 Epigenetic silencing contributes to the loss of BRMS1 expression in breast cancer. Clinical & experimental metastasis 50 18566899
2011 Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) is destabilized by the Cul3-SPOP E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 49 22085717
2010 Cell cycle regulator ING4 is a suppressor of melanoma angiogenesis that is regulated by the metastasis suppressor BRMS1. Cancer research 46 21056991
2004 Identification of metastasis-associated proteins through protein analysis of metastatic MDA-MB-435 and metastasis-suppressed BRMS1 transfected-MDA-MB-435 cells. Clinical & experimental metastasis 43 15168732
2010 BRMS1 expression alters the ultrastructural, biomechanical and biochemical properties of MDA-MB-435 human breast carcinoma cells: an AFM and Raman microspectroscopy study. Cancer letters 37 20083343
2010 BRMS1 transcriptional repression correlates with CpG island methylation and advanced pathological stage in non-small cell lung cancer. The Journal of pathology 36 20455258
2007 Proteomics-based strategy to delineate the molecular mechanisms of the metastasis suppressor gene BRMS1. Journal of proteome research 36 17854218
2002 Identification and characterization of the murine ortholog (brms1) of breast-cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1). International journal of cancer 36 11774238
2015 Histone demethylase JARID1C promotes breast cancer metastasis cells via down regulating BRMS1 expression. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 35 26182878
2011 Unraveling the enigmatic complexities of BRMS1-mediated metastasis suppression. FEBS letters 35 21827753
2014 Loss of BRMS1 promotes a mesenchymal phenotype through NF-κB-dependent regulation of Twist1. Molecular and cellular biology 34 25368381
2018 MicroRNA-125a-5p inhibits invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by targeting BRMS1 expression. Oncology letters 33 29552146
2008 BRMS1 suppresses breast cancer metastasis in multiple experimental models of metastasis by reducing solitary cell survival and inhibiting growth initiation. Clinical & experimental metastasis 33 18543067
2012 BRMS1 suppresses lung cancer metastases through an E3 ligase function on histone acetyltransferase p300. Cancer research 32 23269275
2016 CK2α' Drives Lung Cancer Metastasis by Targeting BRMS1 Nuclear Export and Degradation. Cancer research 30 26980766
2008 Multiple forms of BRMS1 are differentially expressed in the MCF10 isogenic breast cancer progression model. Clinical & experimental metastasis 29 18841483
2016 miR-346 promotes migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via targeting BRMS1. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 28 27501413
2005 Expression of the breast cancer metastasis suppressor gene, BRMS1, in human breast carcinoma: lack of correlation with metastasis to axillary lymph nodes. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 28 16006775
2018 BRMS1 coordinates with LSD1 and suppresses breast cancer cell metastasis. American journal of cancer research 25 30416854
2017 MicroRNA-423 enhances the invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulation of BRMS1. American journal of translational research 25 29312509
2005 Suppression of murine mammary carcinoma metastasis by the murine ortholog of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (Brms1). Cancer letters 24 15978719
2014 BRMS1 suppresses glioma progression by regulating invasion, migration and adhesion of glioma cells. PloS one 22 24879377
2018 MicroRNA-3200-5p Promotes Osteosarcoma Cell Invasion via Suppression of BRMS1. Molecules and cells 21 29890825
2015 Down-regulation of BRMS1 by DNA hypermethylation and its association with metastatic progression in triple-negative breast cancer. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 21 26617826
2020 BRMS1: a multifunctional signaling molecule in metastasis. Cancer metastasis reviews 19 32232621
2015 Breast carcinoma metastasis suppressor gene 1 (BRMS1): update on its role as the suppressor of cancer metastases. Cancer metastasis reviews 19 26328523
2012 Metastasis suppression by BRMS1 associated with SIN3 chromatin remodeling complexes. Cancer metastasis reviews 19 22678236
2012 Low BRMS1 expression promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis in vitro and in vivo and is associated with poor patient survival. BMC cancer 19 22931099
2009 Identification of essential sequences for cellular localization in BRMS1 metastasis suppressor. PloS one 19 19649328
2008 Over-expression of the BRMS1 family member SUDS3 does not suppress metastasis of human cancer cells. Cancer letters 18 19070953
2022 A germline SNP in BRMS1 predisposes patients with lung adenocarcinoma to metastasis and can be ameliorated by targeting c-fos. Science translational medicine 17 36197962
2015 Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) attenuates TGF-β1-induced breast cancer cell aggressiveness through downregulating HIF-1α expression. BMC cancer 17 26520789
2013 The C-terminal putative nuclear localization sequence of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1, BRMS1, is necessary for metastasis suppression. PloS one 17 23390556
2013 Expression of metastasis suppressor BRMS1 in breast cancer cells results in a marked delay in cellular adhesion to matrix. Molecular carcinogenesis 17 24000122
2015 BRMS1 regulates apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Cell biochemistry and biophysics 15 25182004
2016 Cancer-specific promoters for expression-targeted gene therapy: ran, brms1 and mcm5. The journal of gene medicine 14 27140445
2015 A pro-apoptotic function of iASPP by stabilizing p300 and CBP through inhibition of BRMS1 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Cell death & disease 14 25675294
2012 Ubiquitous Brms1 expression is critical for mammary carcinoma metastasis suppression via promotion of apoptosis. Clinical & experimental metastasis 14 22241150
2016 Cyclin-dependent kinase-mediated phosphorylation of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) affects cell migration. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 13 26771717
2015 Cullin3 promotes breast cancer cells metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting BRMS1 for degradation. Oncotarget 13 26544623
2014 Expression of breast cancer metastasis suppressor-1, BRMS-1, in human breast cancer and the biological impact of BRMS-1 on the migration of breast cancer cells. Anticancer research 13 24596389
2014 BRMS1 inhibits expression of NF-kappaB subunit p65, uPA and OPN in ovarian cancer cells. European journal of gynaecological oncology 13 24984534
2014 Effect of BRMS1 on tumorigenicity and metastasis of human rectal cancer. Cell biochemistry and biophysics 12 24748145
2009 Expression of the Breast Cancer Metastasis Suppressor 1 (BRMS1) maintains in vitro chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells. Cancer letters 12 19307053
2022 Defect in BrMS1, a PHD-finger transcription factor, induces male sterility in ethyl methane sulfonate-mutagenized Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). Frontiers in plant science 11 36061794
2017 Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) suppresses prostate cancer progression by inducing apoptosis and regulating invasion. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 11 28121354
2011 The structure of BRMS1 nuclear export signal and SNX6 interacting region reveals a hexamer formed by antiparallel coiled coils. Journal of molecular biology 11 21777593
2019 Epigenetics mechanisms mediate the miR-125a/BRMS1 axis to regulate invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer. OncoTargets and therapy 10 31571904
2016 Breast Cancer Metastasis Suppressor 1 (BRMS1): Robust Biological and Pathological Data, But Still Enigmatic Mechanism of Action. Advances in cancer research 10 27613131
2013 Cloning and characterization of a novel human BRMS1 transcript variant in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer letters 10 23643861
2013 Case-only analyses of the associations between polymorphisms in the metastasis-modifying genes BRMS1 and SIPA1 and breast tumor characteristics, lymph node metastasis, and survival. Breast cancer research and treatment 10 23771732
2019 MiR-147 inhibits cyclic mechanical stretch-induced apoptosis in L6 myoblasts via ameliorating endoplasmic reticulum stress by targeting BRMS1. Cell stress & chaperones 9 31628639
2018 Scinderin is a novel transcriptional target of BRMS1 involved in regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis. American journal of cancer research 9 30034938
2012 Location, location, location: the BRMS1 protein and melanoma progression. BMC medicine 9 22356729
2011 [Expression of SATB1 and BRMS1 in ovarian serous adenocarcinoma and its relationship with clinieopathological features]. Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition 9 21355308
2021 Long Noncoding RNA HCG11 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Gastric Cancer by Regulating miR-942-5p/BRMS1 Axis. Journal of oncology 8 34054958
2014 Expression of the metastasis suppressor BRMS1 in uveal melanoma. Ecancermedicalscience 8 24688598
2022 microRNA-15b-5p encapsulated by M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles promotes gastric cancer metastasis by targeting BRMS1 and suppressing DAPK1 transcription. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 7 35449111
2013 Effect and mechanism of the metastasis suppressor gene BRMS1 on the migration of breast cancer cells. International journal of clinical and experimental medicine 7 24260596
2011 mRNA expression of the putative antimetastatic gene BRMS1 and of apoptosis-related genes in breast cancer. Cancer genomics & proteomics 7 21737612
2015 Effect of BRMS1 expression on proliferation, migration and adhesion of mouse forestomach carcinoma. Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine 6 26433658
2019 Synergistic antitumor effect of BRMS1 and sorafenib via inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ERK signaling pathway. Oncology reports 5 31233204
2017 [DNA methylation modification of BRMS1 in triple-negative breast cancer and its correlation with tumor metastasis]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 5 29275584
2009 Purification and characterisation of the breast cancer metastasis suppressor, BRMS1. Protein expression and purification 5 19401233
2016 ERα Mediates Estrogen-Induced Expression of the Breast Cancer Metastasis Suppressor Gene BRMS1. International journal of molecular sciences 4 26821020
2013 BRMS1 Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells to ATP-Induced Growth Suppression. BioResearch open access 4 23593560
2024 Anti-metastatic Effects of Bee Venom and Melittin in Breast Cancer Cells by Upregulation of BRMS1 and DRG1 Genes. Chemical biology & drug design 3 39396919
2021 Metastasis Inhibition by Cell Type Specific Expression of BRMS1 Gene under The Regulation of miR200 Family Response Elements. Cell journal 3 34096224
2021 Perturbation of BRMS1 interactome reveals pathways that impact metastasis. PloS one 3 34788285
2020 Metastasis inhibition by BRMS1 and miR-31 replacement therapy in claudin-low cell lines. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences 3 32405371
2020 Anti-tumor peptide SA12 inhibits metastasis of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells via increasing expression of the tumor metastasis suppressor genes, CDH1, nm23-H1 and BRMS1. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 3 32742405
2018 BRMS1 participates in regulating cell sensitivity to DNA interstrand crosslink damage by interacting with FANCI. Oncology reports 3 30365131
2017 Characterization of DAPK1 as a novel transcriptional target of BRMS1. International journal of oncology 3 28339067
2011 [Expression of BRMS1 gene protein in nasal and paranasal sinus carcinomas]. Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery 3 22239051
2009 [Expression of gene BRMS1 and CD44v6 protein in supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma and its clinical significance]. Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery 3 19621595
2023 BRMS1 in Gliomas-An Expression Analysis. Cancers 2 37296870
2025 Estradiol conjugation to estrogen receptorα upregulates Brms1 expression mediating M2 polarization of alveolar macrophages and exacerbating airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Molecular immunology 1 40106959
2006 [Progress on breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1)]. Yi chuan = Hereditas 1 16963426
2025 BRMS1 suppresses the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to regulate autophagy in multiple myeloma. Leukemia & lymphoma 0 40665664
2024 Erratum: Down-regulation of BRMS1 by DNA hypermethylation and its association with metastatic progression in triple-negative breast cancer. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 0 39660332
2014 Modelling and simulation of mutant alleles of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) gene. Bioinformation 0 25187687
2012 [The study of expression of BRMS1 gene protein and the expression of BRMS1 gene promotor area methylation in supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma and its clinical significance]. Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery 0 23167184
2005 Down-regulation of BRMS1 mRNA Expression in Breast Cancer is not Related to the Presence of Axillary Node Metastasis. Cancer genomics & proteomics 0 31394646