Affinage

UBE2C

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C · UniProt O00762

Length
179 aa
Mass
19.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 24 papers cited in narrative 24 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

UBE2C is a ubiquitin-conjugating E2 enzyme that partners with the APC/C E3 ligase to catalyze ubiquitination of mitotic substrates—including cyclin A, cyclin B, securin, and DEPTOR—driving mitotic exit, sister chromatid separation, and meiotic progression, while its unique N-terminal extension restricts substrate access and enforces spindle assembly checkpoint fidelity (PMID:9122200, PMID:18722180, PMID:26207029). Beyond APC/C-dependent mitotic substrates, UBE2C ubiquitinates non-canonical targets: it promotes K11-linked degradation of DEPTOR to activate mTORC1 signaling (PMID:36548081), induces K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of SIRT1 to epigenetically suppress autophagy (PMID:36930831), ubiquitinates pVHL to stabilize HIF-1α (PMID:30602302), and monoubiquitinates SNAT2 to block its endocytosis and promote lymphangiogenesis (PMID:38949026). UBE2C overexpression in transgenic mice causes precocious cyclin B destruction, aneuploidy, and spontaneous tumorigenesis, and in vivo genetic epistasis demonstrates a causal UBE2C→DEPTOR→mTOR oncogenic axis in Kras-driven lung cancer (PMID:20065091, PMID:36548081). UBE2C transcription is activated by CDC20/CBP-p300, FOXM1, KAT2A/E2F1, phospho-MED1, and estrogen receptor α, and is repressed by wild-type p53 via p21–E2F4 while being activated by gain-of-function mutant p53 via NF-Y (PMID:21454660, PMID:27129209, PMID:29596365, PMID:21556051).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 1997 High

    Establishing UBE2C as the cognate E2 for the APC/C resolved how cyclin B ubiquitination and mitotic exit are catalyzed, and showed that dominant-negative UBE2C arrests cells in M phase.

    Evidence In vitro ubiquitination with clam oocyte extracts; Cys→Ser active-site mutant; dominant-negative transfection with cell cycle analysis

    PMID:9122200

    Open questions at the time
    • Ubiquitin chain linkage type not determined
    • APC/C binding interface unknown
    • Substrate selectivity mechanism not addressed
  2. 2002 High

    The crystal structure of UBE2C revealed a disordered N-terminal extension and a catalytic-proximal lysine critical for ubiquitin-thioester formation, defining the structural framework for understanding E2–E3 interactions.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography at 1.95 Å of C114S mutant; site-directed mutagenesis with ubiquitin-adduct assays

    PMID:11927573

    Open questions at the time
    • Structure of UBE2C bound to APC/C not determined
    • Role of disordered N-terminal extension not functionally resolved
  3. 2008 High

    Demonstrating that the N-terminal extension limits APC/C-mediated ubiquitination and enforces destruction-box dependence answered how UBE2C contributes to substrate selectivity and spindle checkpoint integrity.

    Evidence Biochemical reconstitution of APC/C ubiquitination; N-terminal mutagenesis and E2 chimeras; in vivo spindle checkpoint bypass assay

    PMID:18559889 PMID:18722180

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of N-terminus–APC/C contact not resolved
    • Relative contributions of UBE2C vs. UBE2S to chain initiation vs. elongation not delineated
  4. 2010 High

    Transgenic overexpression of UBE2C in mice causing precocious cyclin B destruction, aneuploidy, and tumors established that UBE2C dosage controls mitotic fidelity and chromosomal stability in vivo.

    Evidence Graded transgenic mouse overexpression; cyclin B degradation kinetics; cytological analysis; tumor incidence scoring

    PMID:20065091

    Open questions at the time
    • Ubiquitin chain type driving these phenotypes not characterized
    • Contribution of non-APC/C substrates to tumorigenesis not tested
  5. 2011 High

    Identification of CDC20 and phospho-MED1/FoxA1 as direct transcriptional activators of UBE2C—via promoter recruitment and enhancer–promoter looping—revealed how UBE2C expression is coupled to cell cycle signals and oncogenic chromatin remodeling.

    Evidence ChIP, 3C/ChIP-loop, promoter-reporter assays, co-immunoprecipitation, phospho-MED1 mutants, siRNA knockdown

    PMID:21454660 PMID:21556051

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether MED1-looping and CDC20-recruitment operate on the same or distinct enhancers not resolved
    • Kinetics of transcriptional activation across the cell cycle not measured
  6. 2014 High

    Structural and biochemical dissection of Emi2 showed it inhibits APC/C–UBE2C chain elongation through the ZBR domain, defining an endogenous regulatory mechanism for UBE2C catalytic output.

    Evidence In vitro ubiquitin chain elongation assay; ZBR domain mutagenesis; domain transplantation between Emi1 and Emi2

    PMID:25161877

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether Emi2 inhibits chain initiation by UBE2C specifically or also elongation by UBE2S not fully separated
  7. 2015 High

    UBE2C (with UBE2S) was shown to be essential for meiosis I in mouse oocytes, with high UBE2C levels sufficient to override the spindle assembly checkpoint, extending its role beyond mitosis.

    Evidence RNA microinjection for knockdown and overexpression in mouse oocytes; polar body extrusion quantification; checkpoint override assay

    PMID:26207029

    Open questions at the time
    • Meiotic substrates of UBE2C not individually identified
    • Relative contribution of UBE2C vs. UBE2S in meiosis not fully deconvolved
  8. 2016 High

    Wild-type p53 represses UBE2C via p21–E2F4, while gain-of-function mutant p53 activates it via NF-Y, explaining how p53 status controls spindle checkpoint integrity through UBE2C dosage; separately, SAG/RBX2-CRL5 was shown to use UBE2C to build K11 chains on β-TrCP1, establishing E3 cross-talk beyond APC/C.

    Evidence ChIP, promoter-reporter assays, epistasis with p53 mutants; in vitro ubiquitylation with K11 linkage specificity; Co-IP and siRNA of individual E2s

    PMID:27129209 PMID:27910872

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether CRL5–UBE2C interaction occurs in vivo under physiological conditions not shown
    • NF-Y binding sites on UBE2C promoter not mapped at nucleotide resolution
  9. 2019 Medium

    UBE2C was found to ubiquitinate pVHL (stabilizing HIF-1α in endothelial inflammation) and p53 (promoting EMT in endometrial cancer under estrogen receptor α–driven transcription), demonstrating non-canonical E2 substrate engagement outside mitosis.

    Evidence Ubiquitination immunoprecipitation for pVHL and p53; ChIP for ERα at UBE2C promoter; in vivo xenograft and porcine aortic valve models

    PMID:30602302 PMID:31662448

    Open questions at the time
    • E3 ligase(s) partnering with UBE2C for pVHL and p53 ubiquitination not identified
    • Chain linkage type on pVHL not determined
    • Endogenous stoichiometry not addressed
  10. 2023 High

    The UBE2C–APC/C^CDH1–DEPTOR–mTOR axis was genetically validated: Ube2c deletion suppressed Kras-driven lung tumorigenesis, fully rescued by Deptor co-deletion, establishing K11-linked DEPTOR degradation as a direct oncogenic mechanism; concurrently, UBE2C-mediated K48 ubiquitination of SIRT1 was shown to suppress autophagy epigenetically.

    Evidence Ube2c/Deptor double-KO in KrasG12D mouse model; in vitro K11-linkage ubiquitylation; K48-linkage-specific ubiquitination IP for SIRT1; autophagic flux assay; ChIP for histone acetylation

    PMID:36548081 PMID:36930831

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether DEPTOR degradation and SIRT1 degradation occur in the same cell types or are context-dependent not determined
    • Structural basis for UBE2C selecting K11 vs. K48 linkages on different substrates unknown
  11. 2024 High

    UBE2C-mediated monoubiquitination of SNAT2 at K59 was shown to antagonize K63-linked polyubiquitination at K33, blocking endocytosis and driving glutamine uptake, VEGFC secretion, and lymphangiogenesis—revealing a non-degradative ubiquitin-signaling function for UBE2C.

    Evidence Site-specific ubiquitination assay with lysine mutants; endocytosis assay; patient-derived xenograft model

    PMID:38949026

    Open questions at the time
    • E3 ligase mediating UBE2C-dependent SNAT2 monoubiquitination not identified
    • Whether monoubiquitination activity is intrinsic to UBE2C or requires a specific E3 not resolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • A unifying structural and biochemical explanation for how UBE2C selects different ubiquitin chain types (K11, K48, mono) on different substrates, and the identities of E3 partners for non-APC/C substrates, remain unresolved.
  • No structure of UBE2C in complex with APC/C at atomic resolution
  • Mechanism of chain-linkage switching across substrates unknown
  • E3 partners for pVHL, p53, SIRT1, and SNAT2 ubiquitination by UBE2C not identified

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 6 GO:0016874 ligase activity 3
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 2 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 6 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 5 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 3 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 2 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2
Partners
ANAPC11ANAPC2CDC20CDH1DEPTORSIRT1SNAT2UBE2S
Complex memberships
APC/C

Evidence

Reading pass · 24 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1997 UBE2C (E2-C/UbcH10) functions as a ubiquitin carrier protein (E2) that works with the APC/C (cyclosome) E3 ligase to catalyze ubiquitination and destruction of cyclin B, and is required for both cdc2 inactivation and sister chromatid separation during mitotic exit. Dominant-negative (C→S active-site mutant) blocks cyclin A and B destruction and arrests cells in M phase. In vitro ubiquitination assay with clam oocyte extracts; active-site mutagenesis (Cys→Ser); dominant-negative transfection into mammalian cells; cell cycle analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 9122200
2002 Crystal structure of UbcH10 (C114S mutant) at 1.95 Å reveals a disordered N-terminal extension and a conserved 3(10)-helix that places a lysine residue near the active site. Mutagenesis shows the N-terminal extension has little effect on ubiquitin-adduct (thioester) formation, whereas the proximal lysine significantly affects this activity. Structure defines potential APC/C interaction surfaces. X-ray crystallography (1.95 Å); active-site mutagenesis; ubiquitin-adduct formation assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 11927573
2008 The unique N-terminal extension of UbcH10 mediates an additional E2-E3 interaction with the APC/C that limits substrate ubiquitination, restricts the lysines targeted on substrates, and enforces dependence on destruction boxes. Mutating the N terminus increases ubiquitination activity and bypasses the spindle checkpoint in vivo. Fusion of the UbcH10 N terminus to UbcH5 restricts its activity but does not direct APC/C-specific interactions, indicating the core domain specifies E2-E3 recognition. Biochemical reconstitution of APC/C ubiquitination in vitro; mutagenesis of N-terminal extension; E2 chimeras; spindle checkpoint bypass assay in vivo Molecular cell High 18722180
2008 UbcH10 has a rate-limiting role specifically at the end of G1 phase (just before S-phase entry), but its behavior is inconsistent with a crucial role in the spindle assembly checkpoint or in inactivating the APC/C as part of an autonomous oscillator. Live-cell imaging; cell cycle analysis; siRNA knockdown; dominant-negative expression; epistasis with spindle checkpoint components Journal of cell science Medium 18559889
2010 UbcH10 overexpression causes precocious APC/C-mediated degradation of cyclin B, supernumerary centrioles, lagging chromosomes, and aneuploidy in transgenic mice, demonstrating that excess UbcH10 disrupts orderly APC/C substrate degradation timing and causes whole-chromosome instability leading to tumor formation. Transgenic mouse overexpression (graded levels); cyclin B degradation assays; cytological analysis of centrioles and chromosomes; tumor incidence scoring The Journal of cell biology High 20065091
2011 CDC20 transcriptionally activates UBE2C expression via its WD40 domain; CDC20 physically interacts with the APC/C-CBP/p300 coactivator complex and recruits it to the UBE2C promoter. This transcriptional upregulation is cell-cycle specific. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP); co-immunoprecipitation; promoter-reporter assay; domain-deletion mutagenesis of CDC20; quantitative RT-PCR The Journal of biological chemistry High 21454660
2011 Nitric oxide (NO) decreases UBE2C protein levels in vascular smooth muscle cells by increasing its polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and inhibiting VSMC proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia. Western blotting; immunofluorescence; siRNA knockdown; plasmid overexpression; polyubiquitination detection; balloon-injury rat carotid artery model Cell biochemistry and biophysics Medium 21448667
2011 Phosphorylated MED1 (via PI3K/AKT) is recruited to UBE2C enhancers, mediating long-range UBE2C enhancer–promoter chromatin looping and driving UBE2C overexpression in castration-resistant prostate cancer. MED1 phosphorylation recruits FoxA1, RNA Pol II, and TBP to the UBE2C locus. Chromatin conformation capture (3C/ChIP-loop); ChIP; co-immunoprecipitation; phospho-MED1 mutants; siRNA knockdown; gene expression assays The EMBO journal High 21556051
2015 UBE2C and UBE2S are the principal E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes regulating APC/C activity during meiosis of mouse oocytes. Their depletion reduces first polar body extrusion by 50%, overexpression doubles and accelerates extrusion, and high Ube2C levels drive resumption of the first meiotic division regardless of spindle formation, overriding the spindle assembly checkpoint. These E2s also control spindle formation. RNA microinjection (knockdown and overexpression); polar body extrusion quantification; spindle assembly checkpoint assay; cell division timing analysis in mouse oocytes FASEB journal High 26207029
2016 Wild-type p53 transcriptionally represses UBE2C via a p21-E2F4-dependent mechanism, while gain-of-function mutant p53 transcriptionally activates UBE2C via NF-Y. DNA damage-induced wild-type p53 causes spindle assembly checkpoint arrest by repressing UBE2C, whereas mutant p53 causes premature anaphase exit by increasing UBE2C expression. Promoter-reporter assay; ChIP; siRNA knockdown; cell cycle analysis; epistasis with p53 mutants and p21/NF-Y The Journal of biological chemistry High 27129209
2016 SAG/RBX2 CRL5 E3 ligase preferentially binds UBCH10 and UBE2S (K11-linkage E2s) rather than CDC34/UBCH5C (K48-linkage E2s), and uses UBCH10/UBE2S to ubiquitylate β-TrCP1 via K11-linked chains for degradation, establishing cross-talk between CRL5 and CRL1. Co-immunoprecipitation; in vitro ubiquitylation assay; siRNA knockdown of individual E2s; protein half-life analysis Scientific reports High 27910872
2018 FOXM1 binds directly to the UBE2C promoter and transcriptionally activates UBE2C expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells; FOXM1 and UBE2C expression are positively correlated across 25 tumor types. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP); promoter-reporter assay; siRNA knockdown; FOXM1 overexpression; qRT-PCR correlation analysis Genes Medium 29596365
2019 UBE2C promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition in endometrial cancer by ubiquitinating and facilitating proteasomal degradation of p53, thereby reducing p53/p21-mediated EMT suppression. Estradiol induces UBE2C expression through estrogen receptor α binding directly to the UBE2C promoter. Ubiquitination immunoprecipitation assay; overexpression/shRNA knockdown; Western blotting; ChIP for ERα at UBE2C promoter; in vivo xenograft Molecular cancer research : MCR Medium 31662448
2019 UBE2C ubiquitinates pVHL (von Hippel-Lindau protein), leading to its degradation and consequent accumulation of HIF-1α, which promotes endothelial inflammation and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in aortic valve endothelial cells exposed to disturbed flow. Ubiquitination assay; Western blotting; siRNA knockdown; miRNA mimic transfection; immunostaining of human AV leaflets; porcine AV leaflet calcification model Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Medium 30602302
2023 UBE2C couples with APC/C^CDH1 to promote K11-linked ubiquitylation and degradation of DEPTOR, leading to mTORC1 activation and promotion of cell cycle progression and suppression of autophagy. In vivo, Ube2c deletion inhibited KrasG12D-induced lung tumorigenesis, and Deptor deletion fully rescued the tumor-suppressive effect of Ube2c deletion, demonstrating a causal UBE2C→CDH1→DEPTOR→mTOR oncogenic axis. Genetic deletion (Ube2c and Deptor KO in KrasG12D lung tumor mouse model); in vitro ubiquitylation assay; cycloheximide chase; Co-immunoprecipitation; cell cycle analysis The Journal of clinical investigation High 36548081
2014 The ZBR domain of Emi2 inhibits APC/C activity by two mechanisms: (1) impairing Cdc20 association with the APC/C core, and (2) directly inhibiting ubiquitin chain elongation catalyzed by the APC/C RING module (ANAPC2-ANAPC11) together with UBE2C/E2-C. Structural analysis identified distinct faces of ZBR mediating each inhibitory mode. The PZ region of Emi2 additionally interacts with ANAPC2. In vitro ubiquitin chain elongation assay with recombinant proteins; co-immunoprecipitation in HEK293T cells; mutagenesis of ZBR domain; structural analysis; domain transplantation between Emi1 and Emi2 FEBS open bio High 25161877
2005 A novel UbcH10-binding protein (H10BH) identified by yeast two-hybrid contains a HECT-like domain, self-ubiquitinates in a HECT-dependent manner, binds cyclin B, and ubiquitinates cyclin B in vitro using UbcH10 as the E2, suggesting H10BH functions as an E3 with UbcH10 as its cognate E2. Yeast two-hybrid screening; co-immunoprecipitation; in vitro ubiquitination assay; deletion mutagenesis Journal of biochemistry Medium 15749827
2010 HPV-16 E6/E7-expressing keratinocytes have elevated UbcH10 and Cdc20 levels that enable APC/C-mediated cyclin B degradation even in the presence of DNA damage, allowing cells to bypass the spindle assembly checkpoint and continue cell cycle progression. Western blotting; co-immunoprecipitation of Cdc20 with BubR1; cell cycle analysis; cyclin B degradation assay Journal of virology Medium 20739533
2022 KAT2A cooperates with E2F1 and is recruited to the UBE2C promoter by E2F1, increasing H3K9 acetylation at the UBE2C locus to transcriptionally activate UBE2C expression in cancer cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP); RNA-seq; immunofluorescence co-localization; siRNA knockdown; luciferase reporter assay Genes Medium 36292703
2023 UBE2C induces K48-linked ubiquitination of SIRT1, leading to its proteasomal degradation; reduced SIRT1 lowers H4K16 deacetylation, epigenetically suppressing autophagy-related gene expression and inhibiting autophagic flux in endometrial cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation; ubiquitination linkage assay (K48); Western blotting; mRFP-GFP-LC3 autophagic flux assay; ChIP for histone acetylation; electron microscopy; xenograft model Molecular cancer research : MCR High 36930831
2024 UBE2C mediates monoubiquitination of SNAT2 at lysine 59, which competitively inhibits K63-linked polyubiquitination of SNAT2 at lysine 33. This crosstalk prevents epsin-1-mediated endocytosis of SNAT2, increasing its membrane levels, enhancing glutamine uptake and metabolism, boosting VEGFC secretion, and promoting lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer. High-throughput sequencing; ubiquitination site mutagenesis; Co-immunoprecipitation; site-specific ubiquitination assay (mono vs. K63-linked); endocytosis assay; patient-derived xenograft model The Journal of clinical investigation High 38949026
2022 UBE2C overexpression inhibits gastric cancer cell autophagy by promoting p62 accumulation; accumulated p62 interacts with and sequesters KEAP1, preventing KEAP1-mediated ubiquitination of NRF2, thereby increasing NRF2 nuclear accumulation and driving cancer cell proliferation and migration. Co-immunoprecipitation; ubiquitination assay; Western blotting; siRNA knockdown/overexpression; pharmacological autophagy modulation; NRF2 nuclear fractionation International journal of biological macromolecules Medium 39032892
2022 UBE2C promotes pancreatic cancer progression by binding to and stabilizing EGFR, preventing its degradation, thereby sustaining PI3K-AKT pathway activation and enhancing MMP expression and glycolytic activity. Co-immunoprecipitation (UBE2C-EGFR binding); siRNA knockdown; Western blotting; glucose/lactate/ATP metabolic assays; invasion assays Journal of gastrointestinal oncology Medium 35837197
2021 DNA primase subunit 1 (PRIM1) upregulates UBE2C expression, and UBE2C in turn promotes K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p53 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, linking PRIM1 overexpression to p53 loss via UBE2C. Ubiquitin immunoprecipitation; Western blotting; siRNA knockdown; xenograft model Cell & bioscience Low 33622397

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1997 Dominant-negative cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier protein E2-C/UbcH10 blocks cells in metaphase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 205 9122200
2010 Overexpression of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH10 causes chromosome missegregation and tumor formation. The Journal of cell biology 180 20065091
2003 UbcH10 is the cancer-related E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Cancer research 160 12874022
2011 Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2C: molecular biology, role in tumorigenesis, and potential as a biomarker. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 123 22170434
2004 Overexpression, genomic amplification and therapeutic potential of inhibiting the UbcH10 ubiquitin conjugase in human carcinomas of diverse anatomic origin. Oncogene 115 15208666
2011 Phospho-MED1-enhanced UBE2C locus looping drives castration-resistant prostate cancer growth. The EMBO journal 111 21556051
2019 UBE2C Is Upregulated by Estrogen and Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via p53 in Endometrial Cancer. Molecular cancer research : MCR 100 31662448
2005 UbcH10 overexpression may represent a marker of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. British journal of cancer 100 16106252
2018 Deregulation of UBE2C-mediated autophagy repression aggravates NSCLC progression. Oncogenesis 97 29904125
2008 The unique N terminus of the UbcH10 E2 enzyme controls the threshold for APC activation and enhances checkpoint regulation of the APC. Molecular cell 92 18722180
2017 UBE2C induces EMT through Wnt/β‑catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways by regulating phosphorylation levels of Aurora-A. International journal of oncology 71 28260026
2011 Nitric oxide inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia by increasing the ubiquitination and degradation of UbcH10. Cell biochemistry and biophysics 71 21448667
2007 Combination of multiple mRNA markers (PTTG1, Survivin, UbcH10 and TK1) in the diagnosis of Taiwanese patients with breast cancer by membrane array. Oncology 70 17220641
2019 Disturbed Flow Increases UBE2C (Ubiquitin E2 Ligase C) via Loss of miR-483-3p, Inducing Aortic Valve Calcification by the pVHL (von Hippel-Lindau Protein) and HIF-1α (Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α) Pathway in Endothelial Cells. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 67 30602302
2009 Overexpression of UbcH10 alternates the cell cycle profile and accelerate the tumor proliferation in colon cancer. BMC cancer 65 19302711
2019 UBE2C functions as a potential oncogene by enhancing cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Bioscience reports 64 30914455
2007 UbcH10 is overexpressed in malignant breast carcinomas. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) 62 17933517
2023 The UBE2C/CDH1/DEPTOR axis is an oncogene and tumor suppressor cascade in lung cancer cells. The Journal of clinical investigation 59 36548081
2013 Additive effect of the AZGP1, PIP, S100A8 and UBE2C molecular biomarkers improves outcome prediction in breast carcinoma. International journal of cancer 59 24114735
2011 Bortezomib stabilizes mitotic cyclins and prevents cell cycle progression via inhibition of UBE2C in colorectal carcinoma. The American journal of pathology 59 21514426
2017 The clinicopathological significance of UBE2C in breast cancer: a study based on immunohistochemistry, microarray and RNA-sequencing data. Cancer cell international 56 29021715
2002 Structural and functional analysis of the human mitotic-specific ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, UbcH10. The Journal of biological chemistry 56 11927573
2018 The miR 495-UBE2C-ABCG2/ERCC1 axis reverses cisplatin resistance by downregulating drug resistance genes in cisplatin-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells. EBioMedicine 54 30146342
2019 Depletion of UBE2C reduces ovarian cancer malignancy and reverses cisplatin resistance via downregulating CDK1. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 52 31875843
2013 High expression of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) correlates with nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression. BMC cancer 52 23587173
2021 UBE2C affects breast cancer proliferation through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Chinese medical journal 45 34620747
2018 UBE2C Is a Transcriptional Target of the Cell Cycle Regulator FOXM1. Genes 45 29596365
2017 Forkhead Box M1 positively regulates UBE2C and protects glioma cells from autophagic death. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 45 28767320
2009 Association of clinicopathological features with UbcH10 expression in colorectal cancer. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 44 19779934
2008 Expression of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C/UbcH10 in astrocytic tumors. Brain research 44 18331723
2008 Array-CGH identifies cyclin D1 and UBCH10 amplicons in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Endocrine-related cancer 44 18753363
2021 DNA primase subunit 1 deteriorated progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating AKT/mTOR signaling and UBE2C-mediated P53 ubiquitination. Cell & bioscience 43 33622397
2020 UBE2C Drives Human Cervical Cancer Progression and Is Positively Modulated by mTOR. Biomolecules 43 33396624
2006 Detection of aberrations of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C gene (UBE2C) in advanced colon cancer with liver metastases by DNA microarray and two-color FISH. Cancer genetics and cytogenetics 42 16772118
2019 Anticancer effect of icaritin on prostate cancer via regulating miR-381-3p and its target gene UBE2C. Cancer medicine 40 31646760
2019 UBE2C promotes the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 40 31870550
2016 High expression of UBE2C is associated with the aggressive progression and poor outcome of malignant glioma. Oncology letters 40 26998166
2009 Knockdown of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C/UbcH10 expression by RNA interference inhibits glioma cell proliferation and enhances cell apoptosis in vitro. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 40 19657671
2019 UBE2C overexpression in melanoma and its essential role in G2/M transition. Journal of Cancer 39 31258721
2014 Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2C is highly expressed in breast microcalcification lesions. PloS one 39 24699941
2002 Molecular characterization of plant ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes belonging to the UbcP4/E2-C/UBCx/UbcH10 gene family. Plant physiology 38 12427990
2019 MiR-525-5p Repressed Metastasis and Anoikis Resistance in Cervical Cancer via Blocking UBE2C/ZEB1/2 Signal Axis. Digestive diseases and sciences 37 31679088
2008 UbcH10 has a rate-limiting role in G1 phase but might not act in the spindle checkpoint or as part of an autonomous oscillator. Journal of cell science 37 18559889
2018 UBE2C promotes rectal carcinoma via miR-381. Cancer biology & therapy 36 29303411
2016 SAG/RBX2 E3 ligase complexes with UBCH10 and UBE2S E2s to ubiquitylate β-TrCP1 via K11-linkage for degradation. Scientific reports 36 27910872
2016 UBE2C is overexpressed in ESCC tissues and its abrogation attenuates the malignant phenotype of ESCC cell lines. Oncotarget 35 27588470
2012 Immunohistochemical analysis of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH10 in lung cancer: a useful tool for diagnosis and therapy. The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 35 22388643
2016 UBE2C cell-free RNA in urine can discriminate between bladder cancer and hematuria. Oncotarget 34 27528424
2019 UBE2C Induces Cisplatin Resistance via ZEB1/2-Dependent Upregulation of ABCG2 and ERCC1 in NSCLC Cells. Journal of oncology 32 30693031
2017 Exceptionally high UBE2C expression is a unique phenomenon in basal-like type breast cancer and is regulated by BRCA1. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 32 28881292
2019 UBE2C, Directly Targeted by miR-548e-5p, Increases the Cellular Growth and Invasive Abilities of Cancer Cells Interacting with the EMT Marker Protein Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 1/2 in NSCLC. Theranostics 31 31037155
2015 Inhibition of microRNA-17/20a suppresses cell proliferation in gastric cancer by modulating UBE2C expression. Oncology reports 31 25760688
2009 UbcH10 expression in human lymphomas. Histopathology 29 19438748
2016 E2 Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme, UBE2C Gene, Is Reciprocally Regulated by Wild-type and Gain-of-Function Mutant p53. The Journal of biological chemistry 28 27129209
2015 Appropriate expression of Ube2C and Ube2S controls the progression of the first meiotic division. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 28 26207029
2012 UbcH10 overexpression in human lung carcinomas and its correlation with EGFR and p53 mutational status. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) 28 23102841
2022 Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C) may play a dual role involved in the progression of thyroid carcinoma. Cell death discovery 27 35332135
2016 hsa-miR-631 resensitizes bortezomib-resistant multiple myeloma cell lines by inhibiting UbcH10. Oncology reports 26 28000886
2015 MicroRNA-196a post-transcriptionally upregulates the UBE2C proto-oncogene and promotes cell proliferation in breast cancer. Oncology reports 26 26062455
2014 UbcH10 overexpression increases carcinogenesis and blocks ALLN susceptibility in colorectal cancer. Scientific reports 26 25376843
2008 Analysis of UbcH10 expression represents a useful tool for the diagnosis and therapy of astrocytic tumors. Clinical neuropathology 26 18666437
2019 Identification of the potential therapeutic target gene UBE2C in human hepatocellular carcinoma: An investigation based on GEO and TCGA databases. Oncology letters 24 31186759
2009 Clinicopathological relevance of UbcH10 in breast cancer. Cancer science 24 19038004
2019 Combined elevation of AURKB and UBE2C predicts severe outcomes and therapy resistance in glioma. Pathology, research and practice 23 31353228
2017 UBE2C is involved in the functions of ECRG4 on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 23 29268240
2016 Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH10 promotes gastric cancer growth and is a potential biomarker for gastric cancer. Oncology reports 23 27349176
2015 Knockdown of UbcH10 enhances the chemosensitivity of dual drug resistant breast cancer cells to epirubicin and docetaxel. International journal of molecular sciences 23 25739083
2011 Spindle assembly checkpoint protein Cdc20 transcriptionally activates expression of ubiquitin carrier protein UbcH10. The Journal of biological chemistry 23 21454660
2010 Compromised spindle assembly checkpoint due to altered expression of Ubch10 and Cdc20 in human papillomavirus type 16 E6- and E7-expressing keratinocytes. Journal of virology 23 20739533
2023 UBE2C-mediated Autophagy Inhibition via Ubiquitination of SIRT1 Contributes to Endometrial Cancer Progression. Molecular cancer research : MCR 22 36930831
2022 UBE2C promotes the progression of pancreatic cancer and glycolytic activity via EGFR stabilization-mediated PI3K-Akt pathway activation. Journal of gastrointestinal oncology 22 35837197
2020 UbcH10 a Major Actor in Cancerogenesis and a Potential Tool for Diagnosis and Therapy. International journal of molecular sciences 22 32192022
2021 Molecular subtyping and functional validation of TTK, TPX2, UBE2C, and LRP8 in sensitivity of TNBC to paclitaxel. Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development 21 33665229
2023 Role of UBE2C in Brain Cancer Invasion and Dissemination. International journal of molecular sciences 20 37958776
2022 KAT2A/E2F1 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration via Upregulating the Expression of UBE2C in Pan-Cancer. Genes 20 36292703
2021 Vorinostat targets UBE2C to reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition and control cervical cancer growth through the ubiquitination pathway. European journal of pharmacology 19 34331954
2021 The Relationship Between UBE2C and AGGF1 Overexpression and Tumor Angiogenesis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer management and research 19 34354374
2014 The zinc-binding region (ZBR) fragment of Emi2 can inhibit APC/C by targeting its association with the coactivator Cdc20 and UBE2C-mediated ubiquitylation. FEBS open bio 19 25161877
2018 Functional transcriptomic annotation and protein-protein interaction analysis identify EZH2 and UBE2C as key upregulated proteins in ovarian cancer. Cancer medicine 18 29575713
2010 RNA interference-mediated silencing of UBCH10 gene inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology 18 20529090
2023 FOXM1-regulated ZIC2 promotes the malignant phenotype of renal clear cell carcinoma by activating UBE2C/mTOR signaling pathway. International journal of biological sciences 17 37496990
2020 UBE2C mRNA expression controlled by miR-300 and HuR determines its oncogenic role in gastric cancer. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 17 33223052
2010 UbcH10 expression on thyroid fine-needle aspirates. Cancer cytopathology 17 20544706
2024 Curcumin inhibits prostate cancer by upregulating miR-483-3p and inhibiting UBE2C. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 16 38348716
2023 Identification of transcriptome characteristics of granulosa cells and the possible role of UBE2C in the pathogenesis of premature ovarian insufficiency. Journal of ovarian research 16 37848988
2022 Overexpressed lncRNA FTX promotes the cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of renal cell carcinoma via FTX/miR‑4429/UBE2C axis. Oncology reports 16 35866591
2022 UBE2C triggers HIF-1α-glycolytic flux in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 15 35615976
2024 UBE2C-induced crosstalk between mono- and polyubiquitination of SNAT2 promotes lymphatic metastasis in bladder cancer. The Journal of clinical investigation 14 38949026
2018 Contributions of UBE2C and UBE2S to meiotic progression of porcine oocytes. The Journal of reproduction and development 14 29576589
2024 UBE2C regulates the KEAP1/NRF2 signaling pathway to promote the growth of gastric cancer by inhibiting autophagy. International journal of biological macromolecules 13 39032892
2021 The clinical significance of <em>UBE2C</em> gene in progression of renal cell carcinoma. European journal of histochemistry : EJH 13 33782624
2015 High EGFR_1 Inside-Out Activated Inflammation-Induced Motility through SLC2A1-CCNB2-HMMR-KIF11-NUSAP1-PRC1-UBE2C. Journal of Cancer 12 26000042
2011 A study of UbcH10 expression and its association with recurrence of meningiomas. Journal of surgical oncology 12 22095464
2005 A novel UbcH10-binding protein facilitates the ubiquitinylation of cyclin B in vitro. Journal of biochemistry 12 15749827
2021 Overexpression of UBE2C in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and molecular analysis. BMC cancer 11 34488675
2020 KIAA0101 and UbcH10 interact to regulate non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation by disrupting the function of the spindle assembly checkpoint. BMC cancer 11 33008389
2023 Comprehensive analysis of UBE2C expression and its potential roles and mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging 10 37580802
2022 Ube2c-inhibition alleviated amyloid pathology and memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice model of AD. Progress in neurobiology 10 35671859
2021 LncRNA MALAT1 Regulating Lung Carcinoma Progression via the miR-491-5p/UBE2C Axis. Pathology oncology research : POR 10 34257576
2022 UBE2C mediated radiotherapy resistance of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating oxidative-stress-relative apoptosis. Aging 9 36069832