Affinage

CDH1

Cadherin-1 · UniProt P12830

Round 2 corrected
Length
882 aa
Mass
97.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus 36 papers cited in narrative 36 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

E-cadherin (CDH1) is a calcium-dependent transmembrane glycoprotein that serves as the principal mediator of homophilic cell–cell adhesion in epithelial tissues, functioning simultaneously as a master organizer of the epithelial junctional complex and as a signaling hub that controls cell polarity, proliferation, and invasion. Its extracellular domain contains internally repeated cadherin motifs with Ca²⁺-binding sites that mediate homophilic binding, while a 72-amino-acid cytoplasmic segment recruits β-catenin co-translationally and subsequently α-catenin (a vinculin homologue) at the plasma membrane, linking the complex to the actin cytoskeleton and enabling assembly of all junctional elements including tight junctions and desmosomes (PMID:3501370, PMID:2349235, PMID:3049625, PMID:11348595). E-cadherin is synthesized as a 135 kDa precursor that undergoes ER glycosylation, late-Golgi prodomain cleavage required for adhesive activation, regulated ADAM10-mediated ectodomain shedding, presenilin-1/γ-secretase intramembrane proteolysis releasing β-catenin, and Hakai E3-ligase-dependent tyrosine-phosphorylation-triggered ubiquitination and endocytosis (PMID:2211831, PMID:1918074, PMID:15958533, PMID:11953314, PMID:11836526). Beyond adhesion, E-cadherin engagement activates the Hippo–YAP pathway to enforce contact inhibition of proliferation, competes with APC for β-catenin binding to regulate Wnt signaling, and is directly exploited by the bacterial adhesin FadA to drive oncogenic β-catenin signaling; its transcriptional silencing by Snail/SLUG/ZEB1 via E-box repression or by CpG promoter methylation is a central event in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis (PMID:21730131, PMID:7806582, PMID:23954158, PMID:11912130, PMID:7543680, PMID:18483246). Germline and somatic loss-of-function mutations in CDH1, frequently with loss of heterozygosity at 16q22.1, cause hereditary diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast carcinoma (PMID:8557030, PMID:9744472).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 18 steps
  1. 1985 High

    Identifying the adhesion-mediating extracellular domain of E-cadherin established that a discrete proteolytic fragment is both necessary and sufficient for Ca²⁺-dependent cell–cell binding and embryo compaction.

    Evidence Protease digestion of uvomorulin and functional blocking with DECMA-1 antibody in MDCK cells and mouse embryos

    PMID:2419126

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the adhesion domain unresolved
    • No information on cytoplasmic partners
  2. 1987 High

    Sequencing revealed the conserved cadherin architecture — three ~112-residue extracellular repeats with Ca²⁺-binding sites, a single transmembrane pass, and a cytoplasmic domain — establishing the molecular template for the cadherin superfamily.

    Evidence Protein sequencing, secondary structure prediction, and cross-species sequence comparison

    PMID:3501370

    Open questions at the time
    • No three-dimensional structure
    • Function of cytoplasmic domain unknown
  3. 1988 High

    Demonstrating that E-cadherin-mediated adhesion is a prerequisite for assembly of the entire epithelial junctional complex (zonula adherens, zonula occludens, desmosomes) placed E-cadherin upstream of all intercellular junction formation.

    Evidence Ca²⁺-switch assay with anti-E-cadherin blocking antibodies; fluorescence staining for ZO-1, actin, desmoplakin; transepithelial resistance in MDCK cells

    PMID:3049625

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular link between E-cadherin and tight-junction/desmosome assembly unknown
    • Role of cytoplasmic partners not defined
  4. 1989 High

    Discovery of the catenin complex (α, β, γ) associated with E-cadherin's cytoplasmic domain revealed that adhesive function requires intracellular partners that bridge E-cadherin to the cytoskeleton.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation from E-cadherin-transfected cells with deletion mapping; cross-species peptide analysis

    PMID:2788574

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of individual catenins at the molecular level unknown
    • Direct vs. indirect binding not resolved
  5. 1990 High

    Mapping the 72-amino-acid catenin-binding domain and showing that β-catenin binds E-cadherin more directly while α-catenin connects to actin defined the hierarchical assembly of the cadherin–catenin–actin axis, and simultaneously showed that prodomain cleavage is required for adhesive activation.

    Evidence Chimeric and deletion constructs in L cells; cell aggregation; actin co-sedimentation; site-directed mutagenesis of cleavage site with protease rescue

    PMID:2211831 PMID:2349235

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry of the complex undefined
    • Protease responsible for prodomain cleavage in vivo unidentified
  6. 1991 High

    Identification of α-catenin as a vinculin homologue, determination that β-catenin binds E-cadherin co-translationally while α-catenin joins only at the time of prodomain processing, and demonstration that complex stoichiometry is 1 E-cadherin : 1–2 β-catenin : 1 α-catenin established the temporal logic of cadherin–catenin assembly.

    Evidence Molecular cloning of α-catenin; pulse-chase metabolic labeling and stoichiometric analysis; co-IP with multiple cadherins; E-cadherin transfection into cadherin-negative cells

    PMID:1649199 PMID:1734027 PMID:1924379

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct structural evidence for α-catenin–actin linkage lacking
    • Mechanism of invasion suppression beyond adhesion not dissected
  7. 1992 High

    Detailed biosynthetic tracing showed that E-cadherin is core-glycosylated in the ER, processed in the late Golgi, delivered to the surface with a ~5 h half-life, and rapidly incorporated into Triton-insoluble junctions upon Ca²⁺-dependent adhesion.

    Evidence Pulse-chase metabolic labeling; subcellular fractionation; glycosylation inhibitors; Triton X-100 extraction in MDCK cells

    PMID:1918074

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the pro-protein convertase unknown
    • Mechanisms controlling E-cadherin turnover at the surface undefined
  8. 1994 High

    Demonstrating that E-cadherin and APC directly compete for the arm-repeat domain of β-catenin connected E-cadherin adhesion to the Wnt/APC tumor-suppressor pathway, revealing a signaling function beyond structural adhesion.

    Evidence Direct competition binding assays and domain mapping with deletion constructs; sequential immunoprecipitation and pulse-chase in multiple cell lines

    PMID:7806582 PMID:8207061

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo consequences of competition for β-catenin unresolved
    • Quantitative regulation of β-catenin partitioning unclear
  9. 1995 High

    Identification of CpG promoter hypermethylation as a silencing mechanism and biallelic inactivating mutations with LOH at 16q22.1 in lobular breast carcinomas established CDH1 as a bona fide tumor/invasion suppressor gene subject to both genetic and epigenetic inactivation.

    Evidence HpaII methylation analysis with 5-azacytidine rescue; PCR/SSCP mutation screening and LOH analysis in human carcinomas

    PMID:7543680 PMID:8557030

    Open questions at the time
    • Contribution of methylation vs. mutation to progression not separated
    • Germline predisposition not yet established
  10. 1997 High

    Showing that ZO-1 directly binds α-catenin (Kd ~0.5 nM) and actin filaments (Kd ~10 nM) provided a molecular cross-linker between the E-cadherin/catenin complex and the cytoskeleton, explaining how adherens junctions physically integrate with tight junctions.

    Evidence GST pull-down with recombinant proteins; actin co-sedimentation; truncated ZO-1 constructs in E-cadherin-expressing L cells

    PMID:9214391

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo significance of ZO-1–α-catenin linkage not tested genetically
    • Other cross-linkers may exist
  11. 1998 High

    Comprehensive mutation cataloguing in diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancers revealed tumor-type-specific mutation patterns (in-frame exon skippings in gastric vs. out-of-frame mutations in breast), refining the two-hit inactivation model for CDH1.

    Evidence Compilation of 69 somatic mutations by PCR/SSCP, sequencing, and LOH analysis across tumor types

    PMID:9744472

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequences of specific in-frame deletions not tested
    • Genotype–phenotype correlations for individual mutations unresolved
  12. 2001 High

    The crystal structure of the β-catenin arm-repeat/E-cadherin cytoplasmic domain complex revealed that phosphorylation of E-cadherin creates interactions mimicking the Tcf-3 binding helix, providing a structural basis for competitive binding between E-cadherin, APC, and Tcf transcription factors.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated E-cadherin/β-catenin complexes

    PMID:11348595

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length E-cadherin structure unresolved
    • How phosphorylation is dynamically regulated at junctions unknown
  13. 2002 High

    Three mechanistically distinct post-translational regulatory circuits for E-cadherin were identified nearly simultaneously: Hakai E3-ligase-dependent ubiquitination driving endocytosis, presenilin-1/γ-secretase intramembrane cleavage releasing β-catenin, and SLUG/Snail-mediated E-box transcriptional repression.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, ubiquitination assays, and endocytosis assays for Hakai; PS1 cleavage-site mapping and cytoskeletal fractionation; promoter-reporter and E-box mutagenesis for SLUG

    PMID:11836526 PMID:11912130 PMID:11953314

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of each pathway in vivo undefined
    • Upstream signals triggering each pathway not fully elucidated
  14. 2005 High

    ADAM10 was identified as the metalloprotease responsible for constitutive and regulated E-cadherin ectodomain shedding in vivo, and ZEB1 was established as an additional E-box transcriptional repressor, expanding the network of E-cadherin regulators controlling EMT.

    Evidence ADAM10-knockout mouse and fibroblast analysis with RNAi; ChIP at CDH1 promoter with ZEB1 gain- and loss-of-function

    PMID:15674322 PMID:15958533

    Open questions at the time
    • Coordination between ectodomain shedding and transcriptional repression unknown
    • Whether ADAM10 or γ-secretase cleavage is rate-limiting for β-catenin release unclear
  15. 2008 High

    E-cadherin loss was shown to activate a full EMT transcriptional program (including Twist induction) required for metastasis beyond simple loss of adhesion, and miR-200 family members were identified as direct suppressors of ZEB1/ZEB2 that maintain E-cadherin expression.

    Evidence Genetic dissection of adhesion vs. signaling with in vivo metastasis assays; miR-200 overexpression with ZEB1/ZEB2 3′UTR reporters

    PMID:18411277 PMID:18483246

    Open questions at the time
    • Which EMT transcription factor is dominant in specific tumor contexts unknown
    • Feedback loop dynamics between miR-200 and ZEB not quantified
  16. 2011 High

    Placing E-cadherin/catenin complex as an upstream activator of the Hippo–LATS–YAP pathway provided a mechanistic explanation for E-cadherin-mediated contact inhibition of proliferation independent of Wnt/β-catenin.

    Evidence Epistasis analysis with Hippo component knockdown, YAP phosphorylation assays, and E-cadherin expression in MDA-MB-231 and MCF10A cells

    PMID:21730131

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular intermediates between E-cadherin and LATS kinase not identified
    • Whether α-catenin or β-catenin mediates the Hippo signal unresolved
  17. 2013 High

    Discovery that Fusobacterium nucleatum FadA adhesin directly binds an 11-amino-acid epitope on E-cadherin to activate β-catenin signaling revealed E-cadherin as a host receptor exploited by a pathogen to drive oncogenic and inflammatory responses in colorectal cancer.

    Evidence Direct binding assays, binding-site peptide mapping, β-catenin reporter activation, and synthetic peptide inhibition in colorectal cancer cells

    PMID:23954158

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of FadA–E-cadherin interface not determined
    • In vivo contribution to colorectal carcinogenesis not established in genetic models
  18. 2017 High

    E-cadherin was shown to form mechanically active heterotypic adhesions with N-cadherin on cancer-associated fibroblasts, with force-dependent recruitment of β-catenin and α-catenin/vinculin reinforcement, revealing a mechanotransduction role in collective cancer cell invasion.

    Evidence Traction force microscopy, FRET tension sensor, α-catenin/vinculin domain mutants, and co-culture invasion assays with patient-derived material

    PMID:28218910

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether heterotypic adhesion triggers distinct signaling from homophilic adhesion unknown
    • Generalizability beyond breast cancer CAF co-culture not tested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Major unresolved questions include the molecular intermediates linking E-cadherin engagement to Hippo–YAP activation, the structural basis of full-length E-cadherin in the membrane-associated cadherin–catenin complex, and how the multiple proteolytic, endocytic, transcriptional, and epigenetic regulatory inputs are integrated in vivo to control E-cadherin levels during normal development and tumor progression.
  • No full-length E-cadherin structure in membrane context
  • Molecular bridge from E-cadherin/catenin to LATS kinase undefined
  • Quantitative model integrating transcriptional, post-translational, and trafficking regulation absent

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098631 cell adhesion mediator activity 6 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 5 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 3 GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1500931 Cell-Cell communication 6 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4 R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport 2
Complex memberships
E-cadherin–β-catenin–α-catenin–ZO-1 junction complexcadherin–catenin complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 36 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1987 The extracellular domain of uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1) contains three internally repeated domains of ~112 residues, each with putative Ca2+-binding sites located in external loops, and a single membrane-spanning region followed by a cytoplasmic domain; sequence comparison revealed extensive homology to chicken L-CAM, establishing the conserved cadherin architecture. Protein sequencing and amino acid sequence analysis; secondary structure prediction; sequence comparison The EMBO journal High 3501370
1985 A 26 kDa extracellular fragment of uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1), recognized by function-blocking monoclonal antibodies, was identified as the cell adhesion domain; anti-uvomorulin antibodies that block this fragment disrupt MDCK monolayers and inhibit embryo compaction. Protease digestion of uvomorulin to generate fragments; functional blocking with monoclonal antibody DECMA-1; embryo compaction assay; MDCK monolayer disruption assay The EMBO journal High 2419126
1988 Uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1) mediates an early, Ca2+-dependent adhesion event between MDCK epithelial cells that is a prerequisite for assembly of all junctional complex elements including the zonula adherens, zonula occludens, and desmosomes, as demonstrated using blocking antibodies in a Ca2+-switch assay. Ca2+-switch assay for de novo junction assembly; function-blocking antibody treatment; fluorescence staining for ZO-1, actin, and desmoplakin; transepithelial resistance measurement The Journal of cell biology High 3049625
1989 The cytoplasmic domain of uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1) associates with three independent proteins of 102, 88, and 80 kDa (named catenin α, β, and γ, respectively) that are structurally conserved across species; this complex links E-cadherin to cytoskeletal structures. Transfection of uvomorulin cDNA into uvomorulin-negative cells; co-immunoprecipitation with anti-uvomorulin antibodies; cDNA deletion constructs mapping the binding domain; peptide pattern analysis The EMBO journal High 2788574
1990 Catenin association with uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1) is mediated by a specific 72-amino-acid domain in the cytoplasmic region (largely encoded by a single exon); β-catenin binds more directly to E-cadherin, while α-catenin links the complex to actin filaments; adhesive function requires catenin association. Expression of mutant uvomorulin polypeptides and H-2Kd chimeric constructs in L cells; co-immunoprecipitation; cell aggregation assay; biochemical association with actin bundles Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 2349235
1990 Correct proteolytic cleavage of the uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1) precursor is required for its adhesive function; unprocessed mutant E-cadherin can reach the cell surface and associate with catenins but is non-functional; precise cleavage of the 129-residue prodomain, not merely its removal, is required for activation. Site-directed mutagenesis of protease recognition sites; expression of mutant uvomorulin in L cells; cell aggregation assay; treatment with specific proteases (Factor Xa, trypsin) The Journal of cell biology High 2211831
1990 Expression of uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1) in transfected fibroblasts is sufficient to induce redistribution of Na+,K+-ATPase to sites of cell-cell contact, inducing cell surface polarity in the absence of tight junctions, coincident with reorganization of the membrane cytoskeleton. Transfection of uvomorulin cDNA into fibroblasts; immunofluorescence for Na+/K+-ATPase distribution; Ca2+-switch assay; comparison with polarized epithelial cells Cell High 2164888
1991 Alpha-catenin is a vinculin homologue that complexes with multiple cadherins (uvomorulin, N-cadherin, P-cadherin); in cadherin-negative cells alpha-catenin is cytoplasmic, but E-cadherin expression recruits it to membrane contact sites, suggesting α-catenin links the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton. Molecular cloning and sequencing of murine alpha-catenin; co-immunoprecipitation with multiple cadherins; immunofluorescence; transfection of E-cadherin into cadherin-negative Ltk- cells Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 1924379
1991 The uvomorulin-catenin complex consists of one molecule of E-cadherin, one or two molecules of β-catenin, and one molecule of α-catenin; β-catenin associates with the precursor form of E-cadherin co-translationally, while α-catenin joins the complex only around the time of endoproteolytic processing. Biochemical co-immunoprecipitation; pulse-chase labeling; analysis of complex stoichiometry The Journal of cell biology High 1734027
1991 E-cadherin (uvomorulin/CDH1)-mediated cell-cell contacts inhibit invasive migration of L cells into 3D collagen gels in a cell-density-dependent manner (contact inhibition of movement); this invasion suppression is reversible by anti-E-cadherin antibodies. Stable transfection of E-cadherin into L cells; 3D collagen gel invasion assay; function-blocking antibody treatment; time-lapse videoscopy The Journal of cell biology High 1649199
1992 Uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1) is synthesized as a 135 kDa precursor that is core glycosylated in the ER, processed to the 120 kDa mature form in the late Golgi after complex glycosylation but before cell-surface delivery; glycosylation is not required for processing or transport. At the cell surface, E-cadherin has a half-life of ~5 h and is rapidly localized to cell-cell contacts upon Ca2+-induced adhesion, coinciding with Triton X-100 insolubility. Pulse-chase metabolic labeling; subcellular fractionation; Triton X-100 extraction; glycosylation inhibitor studies; immunofluorescence The Journal of biological chemistry High 1918074
1990 The membrane-proximal region of uvomorulin (E-cadherin/CDH1) containing a cluster of cysteine residues is involved in cell adhesion; reduction of disulfide bonds by DTT blocks close cell-cell contacts and cell flattening (but not aggregation) and increases susceptibility to trypsin digestion in the membrane-proximal domain, suggesting this region mediates a second adhesive mechanism. DTT treatment of cells; cell aggregation and morphology assays; limited trypsin digestion; epitope mapping with DECMA-1 antibody Mechanisms of development Medium 1710917
1994 E-cadherin and APC directly compete for binding to the arm repeat region of β-catenin; the N-terminal domain of β-catenin mediates interaction with α-catenin and cytoskeletal anchorage for both the E-cadherin and APC complexes; plakoglobin mediates identical interactions. Direct competition binding assays; co-immunoprecipitation; domain mapping with deletion constructs The Journal of cell biology High 7806582
1994 E-cadherin/catenin complex assembly occurs in two stages: β-catenin or plakoglobin bind E-cadherin immediately after synthesis in the ER (TX-100 soluble), and α-catenin is recruited later, coincident with plasma membrane delivery and entry into the TX-100-insoluble fraction; cadherin-independent pools of catenins also exist. Pulse-chase metabolic labeling; sucrose density gradient fractionation; chemical cross-linking; sequential immunoprecipitation with catenin-specific antibodies The Journal of cell biology High 8207061
1995 Silencing of E-cadherin (CDH1) expression in human carcinoma cell lines is caused by CpG hypermethylation of the promoter region; treatment with demethylating agent 5-azacytidine restores E-cadherin expression and reverts cells to an epithelial morphology with homophilic adhesion. Methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestion (HpaII); 5-azacytidine demethylation; RT-PCR; immunohistochemistry; morphological analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 7543680
1995 E-cadherin (CDH1) functions as a tumour/invasion suppressor gene; protein-truncating mutations (nonsense and frameshift) in the extracellular domain combined with loss of heterozygosity at 16q22.1 cause complete loss of E-cadherin expression in human infiltrative lobular breast carcinomas. PCR/SSCP mutation screening; LOH analysis; immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin expression The EMBO journal High 8557030
1997 ZO-1 directly binds α-catenin (Kd ~0.5 nM) through its N-terminal half (dlg-like domain) and actin filaments (Kd ~10 nM) through its C-terminal half, acting as a cross-linker between the E-cadherin/catenin complex and the actin cytoskeleton; ZO-1 expression suppresses cadherin-dependent intercellular motility. Transfection of truncated ZO-1 constructs into E-cadherin-expressing L cells; co-immunoprecipitation; GST pull-down with recombinant proteins from Sf9 insect cells; in vitro actin co-sedimentation; cell aggregation assay The Journal of cell biology High 9214391
1998 E-cadherin (CDH1) germline mutations (nonsense, frameshift, splice-site causing in-frame exon deletions) are frequently identified in diffuse gastric cancers and lobular breast cancers; the predominant defects in diffuse gastric tumors are exon skippings causing in-frame deletions, while lobular breast cancers show out-of-frame mutations; in most cases mutations occur with LOH of the wild-type allele. PCR/SSCP mutation analysis; sequencing; LOH analysis; compilation of 69 somatic mutations Human mutation High 9744472
2001 Crystal structure of the β-catenin arm repeat region complexed with the E-cadherin cytoplasmic domain revealed that the interaction spans all 12 arm repeats, involves quasi-independent binding regions including helices at both ends of the arm repeat domain and an extended 14-residue stretch. Phosphorylation of E-cadherin creates interactions with a hydrophobic patch of β-catenin mimicking an amphipathic XTcf-3 helix, and APC contains homologous sequences suggesting similar binding mode. X-ray crystallography of unphosphorylated and phosphorylated E-cadherin cytoplasmic domain/β-catenin arm repeat complex Cell High 11348595
2002 Hakai, a c-Cbl-like E3 ubiquitin ligase, binds E-cadherin in a tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent manner via its SH2 domain, induces ubiquitination of the E-cadherin complex, and promotes endocytosis of E-cadherin; Hakai expression in epithelial cells disrupts cell-cell contacts and enhances cell motility. Modified yeast two-hybrid screen; co-immunoprecipitation; ubiquitination assay; endocytosis assay; domain analysis (SH2, RING); transfection and cell morphology/motility assays Nature cell biology High 11836526
2002 Presenilin-1 (PS1)/γ-secretase cleaves E-cadherin between residues Leu731 and Arg732 (membrane-cytoplasm interface), stimulated by apoptosis or calcium influx; this cleavage dissociates E-cadherin, β-catenin and α-catenin from the cytoskeleton, promoting adherens junction disassembly and releasing cytoplasmic β-catenin. Mapping of PS1/γ-secretase cleavage site by sequencing; pharmacological inhibition; apoptosis induction; calcium influx experiments; cytoskeletal fractionation; co-immunoprecipitation The EMBO journal High 11953314
2002 SLUG (SNAI2) zinc-finger transcription factor directly binds E-box elements in the E-cadherin (CDH1) proximal promoter and represses E-cadherin transcription; SLUG expression strongly correlates with loss of E-cadherin in breast cancer cell lines. Reporter gene assays with E-box mutant promoter constructs; endogenous E-cadherin expression analysis; RT-PCR; co-transfection of SLUG/SNAIL expression constructs Cancer research High 11912130
2003 Snail directly represses transcription of claudin and occludin genes by binding E-boxes in their promoters during EMT; Snail-induced EMT involves simultaneous transcriptional repression of E-cadherin and tight junction proteins, establishing a coordinated program of epithelial junction loss. Snail overexpression in epithelial cells; promoter reporter assays; electrophoretic mobility shift assay; RT-PCR and immunoblot for junction proteins Journal of cell science High 12668723
2005 ADAM10 metalloprotease is responsible for both constitutive and regulated ectodomain shedding of E-cadherin; ADAM10 deficiency abolishes C-terminal fragment generation in vivo; ADAM10-mediated E-cadherin shedding affects cell-cell adhesion, migration, and β-catenin subcellular localization/downstream signaling including cyclin D1 induction. ADAM10-deficient fibroblast analysis; metalloprotease inhibitors; RNA interference; ADAM10-deficient mouse embryo analysis; β-catenin transcriptional reporter; cell adhesion and migration assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 15958533
2005 DeltaEF1 (ZEB1) directly binds the E-cadherin promoter via E-box elements and functions as a transcriptional repressor; ectopic DeltaEF1 is sufficient to downregulate E-cadherin and induce EMT; RNAi-mediated DeltaEF1 knockdown in cancer cells derepresses E-cadherin and restores cell-cell adhesion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation; promoter reporter assays; DeltaEF1 overexpression and RNAi; E-cadherin expression analysis; cell morphology Oncogene High 15674322
2006 VEGF promotes vascular permeability by inducing beta-arrestin2-dependent endocytosis of VE-cadherin (not E-cadherin/CDH1); this is mediated through Src-dependent Vav2 activation, Rac/PAK, and serine phosphorylation of VE-cadherin's intracellular tail, recruiting beta-arrestin2. Phosphorylation mapping; beta-arrestin2 co-IP; endocytosis assays; clathrin coated vesicle analysis; RNAi Nature cell biology High 17060906
2008 Loss of E-cadherin (CDH1) protein promotes metastasis not simply by disrupting cell-cell contacts but by inducing an EMT program including invasiveness and anoikis resistance; β-catenin is necessary but not sufficient for these phenotypes; E-cadherin loss induces multiple transcription factors including Twist, which is required for E-cadherin loss-induced metastasis. Two methods to inhibit E-cadherin function distinguishing adhesion vs. signaling; gene expression profiling; Twist knockdown; in vivo metastasis assays; anoikis resistance assay Cancer research High 18483246
2008 miR-200 family members (two genomic clusters) directly target ZEB1 and ZEB2 mRNAs, repressing their translation; loss of miR-200 during TGF-β-induced EMT leads to ZEB1/ZEB2-mediated E-cadherin repression; ectopic miR-200 restores E-cadherin expression and inhibits cell motility in mesenchymal carcinoma cells. TGF-β EMT assay; miRNA overexpression; luciferase reporter with ZEB1/ZEB2 3'UTR; E-cadherin western blot; cell migration assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 18411277
2010 miR-9, activated by MYC/MYCN, directly targets the CDH1 (E-cadherin) mRNA 3'UTR, reducing E-cadherin protein levels; this leads to β-catenin nuclear signaling, increased VEGF expression, and enhanced tumour angiogenesis; miR-9 overexpression enables pulmonary micrometastasis formation in mice. miR-9 overexpression and 'sponge' inhibition; luciferase reporter with CDH1 3'UTR; β-catenin signaling assays; VEGF measurement; in vivo mouse metastasis model; MYC/MYCN promoter binding at mir-9-3 locus Nature cell biology High 20173740
2011 E-cadherin (CDH1) homophilic binding at the cell surface mediates contact inhibition of proliferation through the Hippo signaling pathway; E-cadherin/catenin complex functions as an upstream regulator of LATS/YAP in mammalian cells; β-catenin depletion (depleting E-cadherin-bound β-catenin) reduces YAP phosphorylation and increases nuclear YAP. Hippo component knockdown; YAP overexpression; E-cadherin expression in MDA-MB-231 cells; β-catenin RNAi in confluent MCF10A cells; YAP phosphorylation and nuclear localization assays; cell proliferation assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 21730131
2013 Fusobacterium nucleatum FadA adhesin binds directly to E-cadherin (CDH1); the FadA binding site on E-cadherin was mapped to an 11-amino-acid region; FadA-E-cadherin binding activates β-catenin signaling and induces oncogenic and inflammatory responses in colorectal cancer cells; a synthetic peptide from the FadA-binding region of E-cadherin abolishes these effects. Direct binding/invasion assays; E-cadherin binding site mapping with peptides; β-catenin reporter; gene expression analysis; synthetic peptide inhibition Cell host & microbe High 23954158
2014 HMGA2 epigenetically silences the Cdh1 (E-cadherin) promoter during EMT by recruiting the de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A to the Cdh1 promoter, causing hypermethylation; E-cadherin expression can be restored by the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine; this mechanism acts downstream of HMGA2-mediated induction of EMT transcription factors. Constitutive HMGA2 expression in NMuMG mammary epithelial cells; bisulfite sequencing; ChIP for DNMT3A binding to Cdh1 promoter; 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment; cell motility and invasion assays Nucleic acids research High 25492890
2015 ABCG2 localizes to the nucleus in lung cancer cells where it binds to the E-box of the CDH1 (E-cadherin) promoter and upregulates CDH1 transcription; increased ABCG2 increases E-cadherin and attenuates cell migration, while ABCG2 knockdown downregulates E-cadherin and enhances cell motility. Nuclear fractionation; chromatin immunoprecipitation at CDH1 E-box; ABCG2 overexpression and RNAi knockdown; cell migration assays; mouse xenograft metastasis model Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) Medium 25810011
2015 Rab7 regulates E-cadherin (CDH1) endocytosis in thyroid FRT cells; Rab7 overexpression strongly reduces CDH1 endocytosis and promotes circular dorsal ruffle (CDR) formation co-localizing with cortactin and F-actin; cAMP stimulation induces Rab7 expression and blocks CDH1 endocytosis. Rab7 overexpression and RNAi in FRT cells; CDH1 endocytosis assay; co-localization by immunofluorescence; PAK1 phosphorylation as Rac1 activity readout; cAMP stimulation Journal of cellular physiology Medium 26599499
2017 Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exert physical force on cancer cells through a mechanically active heterotypic E-cadherin (cancer cell)/N-cadherin (CAF) adhesion; this adhesion triggers β-catenin recruitment and reinforcement dependent on α-catenin/vinculin interaction under force; E-cadherin/N-cadherin adhesion is required for CAF-guided collective invasion. Traction force microscopy; FRET-based tension sensor; blocking antibodies; α-catenin/vinculin domain mutants; co-culture invasion assay; patient-derived material analysis Nature cell biology High 28218910
1996 Prevention of compaction in mouse embryos by low Ca2+ reduces overall uvomorulin (E-cadherin) phosphorylation and perturbs its localization to cell-cell contact regions in 8-cell embryos; phosphorylation of E-cadherin correlates with its redistribution during compaction but does not directly regulate adhesive function. Ca2+ depletion to prevent compaction; radioactive phosphorylation analysis; immunocytochemistry for uvomorulin localization Molecular reproduction and development Low 8722695

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2013 Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by modulating E-cadherin/β-catenin signaling via its FadA adhesin. Cell host & microbe 1857 23954158
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2008 The miR-200 family inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer cell migration by direct targeting of E-cadherin transcriptional repressors ZEB1 and ZEB2. The Journal of biological chemistry 1368 18411277
1998 E-cadherin germline mutations in familial gastric cancer. Nature 1301 9537325
1989 The cytoplasmic domain of the cell adhesion molecule uvomorulin associates with three independent proteins structurally related in different species. The EMBO journal 1299 2788574
2008 Loss of E-cadherin promotes metastasis via multiple downstream transcriptional pathways. Cancer research 1220 18483246
2010 miR-9, a MYC/MYCN-activated microRNA, regulates E-cadherin and cancer metastasis. Nature cell biology 1112 20173740
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2011 Nuclear PKM2 regulates β-catenin transactivation upon EGFR activation. Nature 920 22056988
2002 The SLUG zinc-finger protein represses E-cadherin in breast cancer. Cancer research 877 11912130
2006 VEGF controls endothelial-cell permeability by promoting the beta-arrestin-dependent endocytosis of VE-cadherin. Nature cell biology 839 17060906
2009 Epithelial to mesenchymal transition contributes to drug resistance in pancreatic cancer. Cancer research 747 19584296
1990 Uvomorulin-catenin complex formation is regulated by a specific domain in the cytoplasmic region of the cell adhesion molecule. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 747 2349235
1988 The role of the cell adhesion molecule uvomorulin in the formation and maintenance of the epithelial junctional complex. The Journal of cell biology 747 3049625
1997 CDC20 and CDH1: a family of substrate-specific activators of APC-dependent proteolysis. Science (New York, N.Y.) 731 9334304
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