Affinage

TWF1

Twinfilin-1 · UniProt Q12792

Round 2 corrected
Length
350 aa
Mass
40.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus 5 papers cited in narrative 5 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

Twinfilin-1 (TWF1) is an actin-binding protein that, when upregulated, drives actin cytoskeletal remodeling to promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and chemotherapy resistance. TWF1 expression is post-transcriptionally repressed by multiple microRNAs—miR-1 in cardiomyocytes (PMID:20571053), miR-30c and miR-30a/c-5p in breast and renal carcinoma cells (PMID:23340433, PMID:35697274), and miR-142-3p and miR-153-3p in pancreatic and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (PMID:31619579, PMID:34519634)—such that loss of these miRNAs or their sequestration by competing endogenous lncRNAs derepresses TWF1 and activates downstream EMT and pro-survival programs. Silencing of TWF1 consistently suppresses invasion, restores epithelial marker expression, promotes apoptosis, and sensitizes cancer cells to gemcitabine and cisplatin, establishing TWF1 as a functional effector downstream of these regulatory axes (PMID:31619579, PMID:34519634, PMID:35697274).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 5 steps
  1. 2010 High

    Identifying TWF1 as a miR-1 target answered how hypertrophic stimuli remodel the cardiomyocyte cytoskeleton: miR-1 downregulation during cardiac hypertrophy derepresses twinfilin-1, whose overexpression is sufficient to enlarge cardiomyocytes.

    Evidence Luciferase 3ʹ-UTR reporter, endogenous protein Western blot, gain- and loss-of-function in rat cardiomyocytes with hypertrophic-marker and cell-size readouts

    PMID:20571053

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which elevated twinfilin-1 protein reorganizes actin to enlarge cardiomyocytes was not resolved
    • In vivo cardiac phenotype of TWF1 overexpression or deletion not tested
    • Whether other ADF-H domain proteins compensate for TWF1 loss in cardiomyocytes is unknown
  2. 2013 High

    Establishing the GATA3→miR-30c⊣TWF1→IL-11 axis in breast cancer revealed that twinfilin-1 is not only a cytoskeletal regulator but also an EMT inducer and chemoresistance factor, broadening its functional significance beyond cardiomyocytes.

    Evidence miR-30c target validation by reporter assay, TWF1 knockdown/overexpression with EMT marker analysis, IL-11 identified as downstream mediator, in breast cancer cell lines

    PMID:23340433

    Open questions at the time
    • How twinfilin-1 activates IL-11 expression is mechanistically undefined
    • Direct actin-remodeling activity of TWF1 was not measured in this cancer context
    • In vivo tumor model validation was limited
  3. 2019 Medium

    Demonstrating that lncRNA SBF2-AS1 sponges miR-142-3p to derepress TWF1 in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer established ceRNA-mediated regulation as a recurrent mechanism controlling TWF1 levels in drug resistance.

    Evidence Luciferase reporter confirming miR-142-3p binding to TWF1 3ʹ-UTR, siRNA knockdown of TWF1, proliferation/apoptosis/EMT assays in drug-resistant pancreatic cancer lines

    PMID:31619579

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-laboratory study; independent replication in additional pancreatic cancer models lacking
    • Contribution of TWF1 versus other miR-142-3p targets to the resistance phenotype not deconvolved
    • No in vivo xenograft validation
  4. 2021 Medium

    A parallel ceRNA axis—FGD5-AS1/miR-153-3p/TWF1—was shown to drive cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma, reinforcing the generality of miRNA-mediated TWF1 derepression as a chemoresistance mechanism across cancer types.

    Evidence Luciferase reporter plus RIP assay confirming miR-153-3p–TWF1 interaction, functional rescue with miR-153-3p inhibition, CCK-8/colony/Transwell/TUNEL assays in HCC cells

    PMID:34519634

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-laboratory study without in vivo validation
    • Downstream signaling connecting TWF1 to apoptosis resistance not identified
    • Overlap or redundancy with twinfilin-2 not assessed
  5. 2022 Medium

    Showing that epigenetic silencing of miR-30a-5p/miR-30c-5p elevates TWF1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and that higher TWF1 protein correlates with metastasis in patient tissues, provided the first clinical-pathological link between TWF1 expression and tumor progression.

    Evidence Luciferase 3ʹ-UTR reporter, siRNA knockdown of TWF1, EMT marker analysis, IHC on primary ccRCC tissues, decitabine-mediated miR re-expression

    PMID:35697274

    Open questions at the time
    • Correlation between TWF1 IHC and metastasis is associative; causal role in vivo not tested
    • Whether methylation-dependent miR silencing is a driver or passenger in ccRCC unknown
    • Structural basis for TWF1-driven EMT remains uncharacterized

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The direct actin-remodeling mechanism by which elevated twinfilin-1 induces EMT and hypertrophy—including identification of specific actin structures affected and whether its barbed-end capping or monomer-sequestering activity is required—remains unresolved across all disease contexts studied.
  • No mutagenesis separating ADF-H domain actin-binding activities from EMT/hypertrophy phenotypes
  • No structural or biophysical characterization of TWF1 in the EMT or cardiac contexts
  • In vivo genetic models (knockout/knock-in) for TWF1 in cancer or cardiac hypertrophy are absent from the literature captured here

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 3
Localization
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4
Partners
IL11

Evidence

Reading pass · 5 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2010 Twinfilin-1 (TWF1) is a direct target of microRNA-1 (miR-1) in cardiomyocytes. miR-1 suppresses TWF1 expression by binding the 3' UTR of twinfilin-1 mRNA (luciferase reporter and endogenous protein suppression confirmed). miR-1 is downregulated in hypertrophic rat left ventricles and phenylephrine-treated cardiomyocytes, leading to upregulation of twinfilin-1 protein. Overexpression of twinfilin-1 promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and silencing miR-1 phenocopies this effect, establishing that miR-1 attenuation derepresses TWF1 to drive cytoskeletal remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy. Luciferase 3' UTR reporter assay, Western blot of endogenous protein, microRNA microarray, cardiomyocyte overexpression/knockdown with cell-size and hypertrophic-marker readouts Journal of cell science High 20571053
2013 TWF1 (twinfilin-1) is a direct target of microRNA-30c in human breast cancer cells. miR-30c suppresses TWF1 expression, and TWF1 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Reduced miR-30c leads to TWF1 upregulation, which in turn induces EMT and contributes to chemotherapy resistance. Interleukin-11 (IL-11) was identified as a secondary downstream target of twinfilin-1 in this pathway, and miR-30c is transcriptionally regulated by GATA3. Direct miRNA targeting validated by reporter assay; TWF1 knockdown/overexpression with EMT marker readouts; IL-11 identified as downstream effector; GATA3 transcriptional regulation of miR-30c established Nature communications High 23340433
2019 LncRNA SBF2-AS1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that sponges miR-142-3p, thereby relieving miR-142-3p-mediated suppression of TWF1 expression. In gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells, elevated SBF2-AS1 increases TWF1 protein levels. Knockdown of TWF1 inhibited proliferation, EMT, and drug resistance while promoting apoptosis. The binding of miR-142-3p to the TWF1 3' UTR was confirmed, placing TWF1 as a functional downstream effector in the SBF2-AS1/miR-142-3p/TWF1 axis driving gemcitabine resistance. Luciferase reporter assay (miR-142-3p binding to TWF1 3' UTR and SBF2-AS1), siRNA knockdown of TWF1 and SBF2-AS1, cell viability/apoptosis/EMT assays in drug-resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines Aging Medium 31619579
2021 LncRNA FGD5-AS1 promotes cisplatin (DDP) resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma by sponging miR-153-3p, which directly targets TWF1. miR-153-3p binding to TWF1 was confirmed by luciferase reporter and RIP assays. Knockdown of TWF1 inhibited DDP resistance, reduced invasion, and promoted apoptosis in HCC cells; this effect was reversed by miR-153-3p deletion. FGD5-AS1 silencing decreased TWF1 expression, which was rescued by miR-153-3p inhibition, establishing FGD5-AS1/miR-153-3p/TWF1 as a functional axis in cisplatin resistance. Luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay, RT-qPCR, siRNA knockdown, CCK-8/colony formation/Transwell/TUNEL assays Bioengineered Medium 34519634
2022 MiR-30a-5p and miR-30c-5p directly target TWF1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Both miRs are epigenetically silenced by promoter methylation in ccRCC. Re-expression of miR-30a/c-5p decreased TWF1 protein levels and reduced cell aggressiveness, decreased expression of EMT-promoting markers, and upregulated epithelial markers (Claudin-1, ZO-1). TWF1 was confirmed as a direct target of both miRs by luciferase assay and functional siRNA knockdown of TWF1 recapitulated the anti-aggressiveness phenotype. Higher TWF1 protein expression (by IHC) correlated with metastatic disease in primary ccRCC tissues. Luciferase 3' UTR reporter assay, Western blot, siRNA knockdown of TWF1, functional assays (migration/invasion/EMT markers), immunohistochemistry on ccRCC patient tissues, decitabine treatment to restore miR expression Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Medium 35697274

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2015 A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. Cell 1015 26496610
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
2003 Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nature genetics 754 14702039
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2012 A census of human soluble protein complexes. Cell 689 22939629
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2008 Genome-scale RNAi screen for host factors required for HIV replication. Cell host & microbe 627 18976975
2011 Analysis of the myosin-II-responsive focal adhesion proteome reveals a role for β-Pix in negative regulation of focal adhesion maturation. Nature cell biology 490 21423176
2022 OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular organization. Science (New York, N.Y.) 432 35271311
2015 Panorama of ancient metazoan macromolecular complexes. Nature 407 26344197
2015 Aerobic glycolysis tunes YAP/TAZ transcriptional activity. The EMBO journal 362 25796446
2021 A proximity-dependent biotinylation map of a human cell. Nature 339 34079125
1999 Four A6-TCR/peptide/HLA-A2 structures that generate very different T cell signals are nearly identical. Immunity 288 10435578
2012 A high-throughput approach for measuring temporal changes in the interactome. Nature methods 273 22863883
2017 Optimized fragmentation schemes and data analysis strategies for proteome-wide cross-link identification. Nature communications 221 28524877
2013 MicroRNA-30c inhibits human breast tumour chemotherapy resistance by regulating TWF1 and IL-11. Nature communications 207 23340433
2014 Protein disulfide isomerase A6 controls the decay of IRE1α signaling via disulfide-dependent association. Molecular cell 202 24508390
2016 Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived annexin A6+ extracellular vesicles support pancreatic cancer aggressiveness. The Journal of clinical investigation 181 27701147
2020 UFMylation maintains tumour suppressor p53 stability by antagonizing its ubiquitination. Nature cell biology 168 32807901
2014 E-cadherin interactome complexity and robustness resolved by quantitative proteomics. Science signaling 162 25468996
2019 A protein-interaction network of interferon-stimulated genes extends the innate immune system landscape. Nature immunology 159 30833792
2011 An outbreak of coxsackievirus A6 hand, foot, and mouth disease associated with onychomadesis in Taiwan, 2010. BMC infectious diseases 149 22168544
2008 Systematic identification of mRNAs recruited to argonaute 2 by specific microRNAs and corresponding changes in transcript abundance. PloS one 148 18461144
2019 Mapping the proximity interaction network of the Rho-family GTPases reveals signalling pathways and regulatory mechanisms. Nature cell biology 137 31871319
2012 Circulation of Coxsackievirus A10 and A6 in hand-foot-mouth disease in China, 2009-2011. PloS one 131 23272213
2011 Interactions of pathological hallmark proteins: tubulin polymerization promoting protein/p25, beta-amyloid, and alpha-synuclein. The Journal of biological chemistry 131 21832049
2012 Spinal projections of the A5, A6 (locus coeruleus), and A7 noradrenergic cell groups in rats. The Journal of comparative neurology 129 22173709
2010 Attenuation of microRNA-1 derepresses the cytoskeleton regulatory protein twinfilin-1 to provoke cardiac hypertrophy. Journal of cell science 128 20571053
2018 Proteome-wide analysis of USP14 substrates revealed its role in hepatosteatosis via stabilization of FASN. Nature communications 123 30425250
2002 Effects of aldosterone on biosynthesis, traffic, and functional expression of epithelial sodium channels in A6 cells. The Journal of general physiology 122 11981022
2016 Plk4 Promotes Cancer Invasion and Metastasis through Arp2/3 Complex Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton. Cancer research 121 27872092
2016 SPATA2-Mediated Binding of CYLD to HOIP Enables CYLD Recruitment to Signaling Complexes. Cell reports 115 27545878
2007 Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 114 18029348
1997 Characterization of early aldosterone-induced RNAs identified in A6 kidney epithelia. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology 112 9178633
2021 A protein interaction landscape of breast cancer. Science (New York, N.Y.) 111 34591612
2018 Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 Screen Identifies Leukemia-Specific Dependence on a Pre-mRNA Metabolic Pathway Regulated by DCPS. Cancer cell 101 29478914
2007 Annexin A6-induced alterations in cholesterol transport and caveolin export from the Golgi complex. Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) 100 17822395
2022 EZH2 depletion potentiates MYC degradation inhibiting neuroblastoma and small cell carcinoma tumor formation. Nature communications 99 35013218
2004 Phox2a gene, A6 neurons, and noradrenaline are essential for development of normal respiratory rhythm in mice. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 85 14749437
2005 Annexin A6 stimulates the membrane recruitment of p120GAP to modulate Ras and Raf-1 activity. Oncogene 84 15940262
2015 Role of annexin A6 in cancer. Oncology letters 79 26622779
1986 Activators of protein kinase C inhibit sodium transport in A6 epithelia. The American journal of physiology 79 2420202
2017 Atomic structures of Coxsackievirus A6 and its complex with a neutralizing antibody. Nature communications 78 28894095
2017 Disruption of MDA5-Mediated Innate Immune Responses by the 3C Proteins of Coxsackievirus A16, Coxsackievirus A6, and Enterovirus D68. Journal of virology 71 28424289
2011 Human annexin A6 interacts with influenza a virus protein M2 and negatively modulates infection. Journal of virology 68 22114333
1999 Association of the epithelial sodium channel with Apx and alpha-spectrin in A6 renal epithelial cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 68 10438504
2018 Annexins A2 and A6 interact with the extreme N terminus of tau and thereby contribute to tau's axonal localization. The Journal of biological chemistry 65 29636414
2010 Annexin A6-regulator of the EGFR/Ras signalling pathway and cholesterol homeostasis. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 64 20044025
2018 Lung macrophage scavenger receptor SR-A6 (MARCO) is an adenovirus type-specific virus entry receptor. PLoS pathogens 61 29522575
2019 Recombinant annexin A6 promotes membrane repair and protects against muscle injury. The Journal of clinical investigation 60 31545299
2016 Characterization of Coxsackievirus A6- and Enterovirus 71-Associated Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in Beijing, China, from 2013 to 2015. Frontiers in microbiology 60 27065963
2009 Plasma membrane-associated annexin A6 reduces Ca2+ entry by stabilizing the cortical actin cytoskeleton. The Journal of biological chemistry 60 19386597
2017 Annexin A6-A multifunctional scaffold in cell motility. Cell adhesion & migration 58 28060548
2002 Hypotonic induction of SGK1 and Na+ transport in A6 cells. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 56 12060592
1988 Virulence genes, borders, and overdrive generate single-stranded T-DNA molecules from the A6 Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Journal of bacteriology 56 2832367
2015 The Epidemiological Study of Coxsackievirus A6 revealing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Epidemic patterns in Guangdong, China. Scientific reports 55 25993899
2016 Schwann Cells Increase Prostate and Pancreatic Tumor Cell Invasion Using Laminin Binding A6 Integrin. Journal of cellular biochemistry 53 26239765
2011 Annexin A6 is an organizer of membrane microdomains to regulate receptor localization and signalling. IUBMB life 53 21990038
2021 Exosomal annexin A6 induces gemcitabine resistance by inhibiting ubiquitination and degradation of EGFR in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell death & disease 50 34238922
2013 Annexin A6-balanced late endosomal cholesterol controls influenza A replication and propagation. mBio 50 24194536
2006 Molecular mechanisms involved in Ras inactivation: the annexin A6-p120GAP complex. BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 50 17120209
1987 Energy metabolism of renal cell lines, A6 and MDCK: regulation by Na-K-ATPase. The American journal of physiology 49 3030121
2019 Long non-coding SBF2-AS1 acting as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge microRNA-142-3p to participate in gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer via upregulating TWF1. Aging 47 31619579
2008 Characterization of carboxypeptidase A6, an extracellular matrix peptidase. The Journal of biological chemistry 46 18178555
2015 S100 calcium-binding protein A6 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition through β-catenin in pancreatic cancer cell line. PloS one 44 25799022
2015 Modulation of CD44 Activity by A6-Peptide. Frontiers in immunology 44 25870596
2012 A phase II study of a urokinase-derived peptide (A6) in the treatment of persistent or recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal carcinoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecologic oncology 43 22446624
2018 Coxsackievirus A6 Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in G0/G1 Phase for Viral Production. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 42 30159255
2013 Annexin A6 interacts with p65 and stimulates NF-κB activity and catabolic events in articular chondrocytes. Arthritis and rheumatism 42 24022118
1997 Metabolic support of Na+ pump in apically permeabilized A6 kidney cell epithelia: role of creatine kinase. The American journal of physiology 41 9124314
2015 Evidence for annexin A6-dependent plasma membrane remodelling of lipid domains. British journal of pharmacology 40 25409976
2007 Intracellular calcium plays a role as the second messenger of hypotonic stress in gene regulation of SGK1 and ENaC in renal epithelial A6 cells. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 39 17959754
2008 Interaction between S100A8/A9 and annexin A6 is involved in the calcium-induced cell surface exposition of S100A8/A9. The Journal of biological chemistry 38 18786929
2001 cAMP-sensitive endocytic trafficking in A6 epithelia. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 38 11245590
2000 LY-294002-inhibitable PI 3-kinase and regulation of baseline rates of Na(+) transport in A6 epithelia. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 37 10898735
2016 Molecular epidemiology and the evolution of human coxsackievirus A6. The Journal of general virology 36 27692044
2008 Learning and memory impairment in Eph receptor A6 knockout mice. Neuroscience letters 34 18450376
2005 Ret deficiency in mice impairs the development of A5 and A6 neurons and the functional maturation of the respiratory rhythm. The European journal of neuroscience 34 16307583
2016 Annexin A6 regulates interleukin-2-mediated T-cell proliferation. Immunology and cell biology 33 26853809
2010 Deficiency of annexins A5 and A6 induces complex changes in the transcriptome of growth plate cartilage but does not inhibit the induction of mineralization. Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 33 19580468
2005 Inhibition of H-Ras and MAPK is compensated by PKC-dependent pathways in annexin A6 expressing cells. Cellular signalling 33 16183252
2015 Prevalence of Coxsackievirus A6 and Enterovirus 71 in Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Nanjing, China in 2013. The Pediatric infectious disease journal 32 26090576
2013 Diversity of the human LILRB3/A6 locus encoding a myeloid inhibitory and activating receptor pair. Immunogenetics 32 24096970
2020 Annexin A6 Is Critical to Maintain Glucose Homeostasis and Survival During Liver Regeneration in Mice. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 31 32170749
2020 Annexin-A6 in Membrane Repair of Human Skeletal Muscle Cell: A Role in the Cap Subdomain. Cells 31 32708200
1996 Biosynthesis and cell surface delivery of the NHE1 isoform of Na+/H+ exchanger in A6 cells. The American journal of physiology 31 8944647
2020 Genetic Features of HIV-1 Integrase Sub-Subtype A6 Predominant in Russia and Predicted Susceptibility to INSTIs. Viruses 30 32752001
1994 Basolateral potassium membrane permeability of A6 cells and cell volume regulation. The Journal of membrane biology 30 7516437
1989 Aldosterone receptors in A6 cells: physicochemical characterization and autoradiographic study. The American journal of physiology 30 2529773
2018 Divergent Pathogenic Properties of Circulating Coxsackievirus A6 Associated with Emerging Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease. Journal of virology 29 29563294
2012 Intracellular modulation of signaling pathways by annexin A6 regulates terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. The Journal of biological chemistry 29 22399299
2009 Gradients of Eph-A6 expression in primate retina suggest roles in both vascular and axon guidance. Molecular vision 29 20011078
1996 Aldosterone and insulin stimulate amiloride-sensitive sodium transport in A6 cells by additive mechanisms. The American journal of physiology 29 8897813
1999 Vasopressin stimulates sodium transport in A6 cells via a phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase-dependent pathway. The American journal of physiology 26 10516282
2020 Binding specificity of ostreolysin A6 towards Sf9 insect cell lipids. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes 24 32298680
2019 Lapatinib-induced annexin A6 upregulation as an adaptive response of triple-negative breast cancer cells to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Carcinogenesis 24 30590459
2016 Annexin A6 protein is downregulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 24 27334756
2022 Anti-inflammatory effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 on DSS-induced colitis in mice. Journal of applied microbiology 22 35737740
2021 Origin and evolution of HIV-1 subtype A6. PloS one 22 34898626
2016 Annexin A6 regulates adipocyte lipid storage and adiponectin release. Molecular and cellular endocrinology 22 27702590
2012 Functional expression of amylosucrase, a glucan-synthesizing enzyme, from Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology 22 22814500
2011 Interaction of annexin A6 with alpha actinin in cardiomyocytes. BMC cell biology 21 21272378
2004 Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate: an early mediator of insulin-stimulated sodium transport in A6 cells. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 21 15100098
2001 Characterization and imaging of A6 epithelial cell clones expressing fluorescently labeled ENaC subunits. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 21 11443062
2022 Impact of Integrase Sequences from HIV-1 Subtypes A6/A1 on the In Vitro Potency of Cabotegravir or Rilpivirine. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 20 34978890
2021 Efficacy of a coxsackievirus A6 vaccine candidate in an actively immunized mouse model. Emerging microbes & infections 20 33739899
2018 Molecular epidemiology of coxsackievirus A6 circulating in Hong Kong reveals common neurological manifestations and emergence of novel recombinant groups. Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology 20 30237097
2017 Impact of Coxsackievirus A6 emergence on hand, foot, and mouth disease epidemic in Osaka City, Japan. Journal of medical virology 20 28771766
2022 A conserved annexin A6-mediated membrane repair mechanism in muscle, heart, and nerve. JCI insight 19 35866481
2021 Characterization of Coxsackievirus A6 Strains Isolated From Children With Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 19 34490141
2010 Carboxypeptidase A6 in zebrafish development and implications for VIth cranial nerve pathfinding. PloS one 19 20885977
2023 Annexin A1, A2, A5, and A6 involvement in human pathologies. Proteins 18 37218507
2021 Long non-coding RNA FGD5-AS1 contributes to cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via sponging microRNA-153-3p by upregulating Twinfilin Actin Binding Protein 1 (TWF1). Bioengineered 17 34519634
2020 Annexin A6 improves anti-migratory and anti-invasive properties of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in EGFR overexpressing human squamous epithelial cells. The FEBS journal 17 31869496
2012 Naturally occurring carboxypeptidase A6 mutations: effect on enzyme function and association with epilepsy. The Journal of biological chemistry 17 23105115
1997 Substrate-dependent expression of Na+ transport and shunt conductance in A6 epithelia. The American journal of physiology 17 9277341
2022 Annexin A6 and NPC1 regulate LDL-inducible cell migration and distribution of focal adhesions. Scientific reports 16 35022465
2015 Novel carboxypeptidase A6 (CPA6) mutations identified in patients with juvenile myoclonic and generalized epilepsy. PloS one 16 25875328
1992 Na+ transport and impedance properties of cultured renal (A6 and 2F3) epithelia. The Journal of membrane biology 16 1556737
2021 Vesicular Glutamate Transporters (SLCA17 A6, 7, 8) Control Synaptic Phosphate Levels. Cell reports 15 33440152
2019 Hand-foot-and-mouth disease in uruguay: Coxsackievirus A6 identified as causative of an outbreak in a rural childcare center. Journal of medical virology 15 31502682
2018 Inhibition of somatosensory mechanotransduction by annexin A6. Science signaling 15 29921656
2018 Molecular epidemiology of coxsackievirus A6 derived from hand, foot, and mouth disease in Fukuoka between 2013 and 2017. Journal of medical virology 15 29981169
2017 Role of hepatic Annexin A6 in fatty acid-induced lipid droplet formation. Experimental cell research 15 28712927
2002 The increase in the frequency of MICA gene A6 allele in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology 15 12190814
1994 A monoclonal antibody (A6) recognizing a unique epitope restricted to CD45RO and RB isoforms of the leukocyte common antigen family identifies functional T cell subsets. Cellular immunology 15 7522974
2024 Evolution, recombination and geographic spreading of global Coxsackievirus A6. Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology 14 38749308
2022 Epigenetically-regulated miR-30a/c-5p directly target TWF1 and hamper ccRCC cell aggressiveness. Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 14 35697274