Affinage

SUZ12

Polycomb protein SUZ12 · UniProt Q15022

Length
739 aa
Mass
83.1 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 31 papers cited in narrative 31 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

SUZ12 is an essential scaffolding subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) that organizes holo-complex assembly and is indispensable for the H3K27 methyltransferase activity of EZH2 (PMID:15385962, PMID:15225548). Its VEFS domain directly interfaces with the EZH2 SET domain to stimulate catalysis—an interaction further enhanced by CK2-mediated phosphorylation at S583, which stabilizes the SAM-binding pocket—while two structural platforms (a C2 domain and a Jarid2-binding surface) recruit mutually exclusive accessory subcomplexes (AEBP2/PCL versus Jarid2/EPOP) that govern PRC2 chromatin residence and define two functionally distinct holo-complex classes (PMID:24100017, PMID:36351927, PMID:29499137, PMID:29891558). SUZ12 specifies the genomic PRC2-binding pattern de novo and maintains bivalent chromatin at developmental gene promoters; its loss shifts the H3K27me3/H3K4me3 balance, accelerating lineage gene activation, thereby controlling the tempo of embryonic stem cell differentiation and hematopoietic stem cell maintenance (PMID:29483650, PMID:40897805, PMID:17339329, PMID:26036803). Multiple lncRNAs (HOTAIR, MEG3, lncOL1) and transcription factors (RARγ, CTCF) interact with SUZ12 to direct PRC2 to specific loci, while PLK1-dependent phosphorylation targets SUZ12 for proteasomal degradation and USP3-mediated deubiquitination stabilizes it, establishing SUZ12 protein levels as a regulatory node for PRC2 function (PMID:25855382, PMID:31234902, PMID:20857416, PMID:32807777, PMID:28041882).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 2001 High

    Identification of Su(z)12 as a Polycomb group gene in Drosophila established that the protein is required throughout development to maintain HOX gene repression and also functions in constitutive heterochromatin, providing the first link to epigenetic silencing.

    Evidence Drosophila loss-of-function mutant analysis with homeotic phenotypes and PEV suppression assay

    PMID:11546753

    Open questions at the time
    • Biochemical activity of the protein was unknown
    • Mammalian ortholog function not yet tested
    • No interacting complex identified
  2. 2004 High

    Reconstitution and knockout experiments demonstrated that SUZ12 is one of three obligate PRC2 core subunits (with EZH2 and EED) required for H3K27 methyltransferase activity, and that its loss destabilizes the complex and abolishes H3K27me2/3 genome-wide.

    Evidence In vitro PRC2 reconstitution with purified components plus Suz12-/- mouse ES cells and knockout mice with Western blot and ChIP validation

    PMID:15225548 PMID:15385962

    Open questions at the time
    • Which SUZ12 domain contacts EZH2 was unresolved
    • Accessory subunit contributions not yet defined
    • How SUZ12 loss affects marks beyond H3K27 was unknown
  3. 2006 High

    Genome-wide mapping revealed cell-type-specific SUZ12 occupancy and co-binding with OCT4 at differentiation genes, establishing that PRC2 targeting is context-dependent and linked to pluripotency networks.

    Evidence ChIP-chip in multiple human and mouse cell types with promoter and tiling arrays

    PMID:16751344

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether SUZ12 itself specifies binding pattern or is passively recruited was unknown
    • Mechanism of co-recruitment with OCT4 unclear
  4. 2007 Medium

    Multiple studies established that SUZ12 functions extend beyond canonical PRC2: it regulates H3K9me3 independently of EZH2, its chromatin occupancy is dynamically regulated by nuclear receptor signaling (RARγ/RA), and it is rate-limiting for PRC2 activity in vivo.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown comparing SUZ12 vs EZH2 effects on H3K9me3; ChIP time-courses during RA treatment; Drosophila SU(Z)12 overexpression in somatic clones

    PMID:17406994 PMID:17663992 PMID:18034266

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of EZH2-independent H3K9me3 regulation unresolved
    • Whether RARγ directly recruits SUZ12 or acts indirectly was not determined
    • H3K9me3 finding not independently replicated
  5. 2007 High

    Suz12 knockout ES cells revealed an essential role in differentiation: loss prevents repression of pluripotency markers and activation of lineage genes, establishing SUZ12/PRC2 as a gatekeeper of cell fate transitions.

    Evidence Suz12-/- mouse ES cell derivation with gene expression profiling and ChIP during differentiation

    PMID:17339329

    Open questions at the time
    • Dose-dependent effects not explored
    • Which specific downstream targets are primary versus secondary was unclear
  6. 2010 High

    Quantitative histone mass spectrometry in Suz12-null cells uncovered an antagonistic methyl/acetyl switch at H3K27, showing that SUZ12 loss not only eliminates H3K27me2/3 but reciprocally increases H3K27ac, connecting PRC2 to the broader chromatin modification landscape.

    Evidence SILAC-based quantitative LC-MS/MS of histones from WT and Suz12-/- ES cells

    PMID:20150217

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the acetyl increase is a direct consequence or indirect (e.g., via acetylase recruitment) was unknown
    • Impact on transcription not measured
  7. 2013 High

    Domain dissection of SU(Z)12 identified the VEFS domain as the critical interface for EZH2 assembly and HMTase stimulation, while the zinc finger was shown to be dispensable in vitro but essential in vivo for chromatin binding and HOX repression, separating catalytic activation from targeting functions.

    Evidence Recombinant PRC2 reconstitution with VEFS mutants, in vitro HMTase assays, and Drosophila genetic rescue

    PMID:24100017

    Open questions at the time
    • High-resolution structural basis of VEFS-EZH2 contact not yet available
    • Mammalian domain requirements not directly tested
  8. 2015 High

    SUZ12 was shown to bind RNA directly, to undergo PLK1-dependent phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation (enhanced by HOTAIR lncRNA), and to be essential for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance in a dose-dependent manner, expanding its regulatory biology beyond chromatin.

    Evidence In vitro RNA-binding with purified SUZ12; PLK1-SUZ12 Co-IP with ubiquitination assays and mouse models; conditional Suz12 KO in hematopoiesis with bone marrow transplantation

    PMID:25855382 PMID:26036803 PMID:26177152

    Open questions at the time
    • RNA-binding specificity and physiological RNA partners of SUZ12 itself remained unclear
    • PLK1 phosphorylation sites on SUZ12 not fully mapped
    • Mechanism of dose-dependent HSC effects unresolved
  9. 2018 High

    Crystal structures of a SUZ12-containing subcomplex and live-cell imaging resolved how SUZ12 organizes two mutually exclusive holo-complexes via its C2 domain (AEBP2/PCL) and Jarid2-binding surface, and showed that accessory subunit recruitment through SUZ12 is the major determinant of PRC2 chromatin residence time (~20% bound).

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of 120 kDa SUZ12-RBBP4-JARID2-AEBP2 complex with structure-guided mutagenesis; HaloTag single-particle tracking of endogenous PRC2 with SUZ12 separation-of-function mutants

    PMID:29499137 PMID:29891558

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length PRC2 holo-complex structure not available
    • Relative contributions of each accessory subcomplex to specific genomic loci not mapped
  10. 2018 High

    Re-expression experiments in PRC2-null cells demonstrated that SUZ12 is the subunit that specifies the genomic PRC2 binding pattern de novo, even without pre-existing H3K27 methylation, resolving the question of whether PRC2 targeting requires epigenetic memory.

    Evidence Re-expression of individual PRC2 subunits in PRC2-KO mESCs lacking all H3K27me followed by ChIP-seq

    PMID:29483650

    Open questions at the time
    • Which SUZ12 domain(s) or interactors mediate de novo targeting was not resolved
    • Whether the same mechanism operates in differentiated cells unknown
  11. 2022 High

    Structural and biochemical work revealed that CK2 phosphorylation of SUZ12-S583 directly stabilizes the EZH2 SET domain active site by engaging a stimulation loop, enhancing SAM and nucleosome binding to promote H3K27me3, establishing the first phospho-regulatory mechanism at the structural level for PRC2 catalysis.

    Evidence Crystal structure of phosphorylated PRC2 complex, in vitro HMTase assay with S583 mutants, ChIP-seq in mESCs

    PMID:36351927

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether CK2 activity at S583 is regulated in a cell-cycle or signal-dependent manner is unknown
    • Other kinase inputs to SUZ12 not systematically surveyed
  12. 2025 High

    A genome-wide CRISPR screen identified SUZ12 as a modulator of developmental timing: its loss accelerates lineage gene activation (e.g., PAX6) by shifting the H3K4me3/H3K27me3 balance at bivalent promoters, establishing that PRC2 functions as a developmental clock rather than a simple on/off switch.

    Evidence Genome-wide CRISPR KO screen in hESCs with ChIP-seq and directed neural differentiation; pharmacological confirmation

    PMID:40897805

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the timing function generalizes to non-neural lineages is untested
    • Mechanism by which bivalent domain resolution is temporally controlled remains unclear

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The structural basis for SUZ12-mediated de novo genomic targeting of PRC2, the identity of physiologically relevant RNA partners of SUZ12 versus EZH2, and the integration of multiple post-translational modifications (CK2, PLK1, USP3, ubiquitination) into a unified regulatory model remain open questions.
  • No structure of full-length PRC2 holo-complex with accessory subunits on a nucleosome
  • Physiological RNA specificity of SUZ12 versus promiscuous binding not resolved
  • Crosstalk between CK2 phosphorylation, PLK1-dependent degradation, and USP3 stabilization not studied

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0042393 histone binding 5 GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 3 GO:0003723 RNA binding 2 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 3 GO:0005694 chromosome 3
Pathway
R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 6 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 4 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 4
Partners
AEBP2CTCFEEDEZH2JARID2PLK1RBBP4USP3
Complex memberships
PRC2 (EZH2-EED-SUZ12-RBBP4)PRC2.1 (SUZ12-PCL/EPOP subcomplex)PRC2.2 (SUZ12-JARID2-AEBP2 subcomplex)

Evidence

Reading pass · 31 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2004 SUZ12 is an essential structural and functional component of PRC2/3 complexes; it is required for the histone H3K27/K9 and H1K26 methyltransferase activity of EZH2, and its loss abolishes di- and tri-methylation of H3K27 in vivo and destabilizes the PRC2/3 complexes. Genetic knockout (Suz12-/- mice and ES cells), in vitro HMTase reconstitution assays, Western blot for H3K27me2/3, immunoprecipitation for complex stability The EMBO journal High 15385962
2004 A minimum of three components—EZH2, EED, and SUZ12—are required for PRC2 histone methyltransferase activity, while AEBP2 enhances but is not essential for activity; SUZ12 knockdown causes genome-wide reduction of H3K27 methylation and de-repression of Hox genes. In vitro HMTase reconstitution with purified components, stable SUZ12 knockdown cell line, ChIP assay Molecular cell High 15225548
2007 Suz12 is required for proper embryonic stem cell differentiation; Suz12-/- ES cells show global loss of H3K27me3 and fail to repress ES cell markers or activate lineage-specific genes during differentiation. Suz12-/- mouse ES cell derivation, H3K27me3 Western blot, gene expression profiling, ChIP Molecular and cellular biology High 17339329
2001 Drosophila Su(z)12 is a Polycomb group gene required throughout development to maintain repression of HOX genes; Su(z)12 mutants show homeotic transformations and Su(z)12 uniquely suppresses position-effect variegation, implicating it also in constitutive heterochromatin function. Drosophila genetics (loss-of-function mutants), homeotic phenotype analysis, PEV assay Development (Cambridge, England) High 11546753
2006 Suz12 binds to silenced genomic regions in a cell-type-specific manner; PRC2 complexes can occupy discrete binding sites or spread over large genomic regions, and some Suz12 target genes are co-bound by OCT4 in embryonal cells, suggesting OCT4 recruits PRC2 to genes promoting differentiation. ChIP-chip (genome-wide), multiple human and mouse cell lines, promoter and tiling arrays Genome research High 16751344
2007 SUZ12 regulates histone H3K9 trimethylation independently of EZH2; knockdown of SUZ12 reduces both H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 and alters HP1α distribution, whereas EZH2 knockdown only reduces H3K27me3, not H3K9me3. siRNA knockdown of SUZ12 and EZH2 in human cells, Western blot for H3K27me3/H3K9me3, immunofluorescence for HP1α Chromosome research Medium 17406994
2007 SUZ12 is associated with retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) of Hoxa1, RARβ2, and Cyp26A1 in a ligand-regulated manner; RA treatment attenuates SUZ12 binding and reduces H3K27me3 at these loci, and SUZ12 re-associates upon RA removal, linking PcG repression to nuclear receptor signaling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells during RA treatment time course Journal of molecular biology Medium 17663992
2007 In Drosophila, Su(z)12 binds ~90 specific loci on polytene chromosomes co-localizing precisely with E(z) and other PRC2 components; overexpression of SU(Z)12 in somatic clones increases H3K27 methylation, indicating SU(Z)12 is rate-limiting for PRC2 enzymatic activity in vivo. Polytene chromosome immunostaining, somatic clone overexpression, H3K27me3 Western blot in Drosophila Molecular genetics and genomics Medium 18034266
2010 SUZ12 loss in ES cells leads to dramatic reduction of H3K27me2/3, increase of H3K27ac, and accompanying changes in H3K36 acetylation/methylation, revealing an antagonistic methyl/acetyl switch at H3K27. Quantitative mass spectrometry (SILAC + LC-MS/MS) of histones from wild-type and Suz12-/- ES cells; ETD and CID MS/MS Molecular & cellular proteomics High 20150217
2013 Functional dissection of Drosophila SU(Z)12 identifies an extensive VEFS subdomain required for assembly with E(Z) and stimulation of histone methyltransferase, while the Cys2-His2 zinc finger is dispensable in vitro but required in vivo for chromatin binding and HOX gene repression. Recombinant PRC2 reconstitution with VEFS domain mutants, in vitro HMTase assay, Drosophila genetic rescue assays, ChIP Molecular and cellular biology High 24100017
2015 EZH2 and SUZ12 directly bind RNA; both subunits have cryptic RNA-binding activity with general preference for longer RNAs, as demonstrated by purification of individual PRC2 components followed by RNA-binding assays. Purification of individual PRC2 components from human cells followed by in vitro RNA-binding assays RNA biology Medium 26177152
2015 PLK1 induces proteasomal degradation of SUZ12 by site-specific phosphorylation; HOTAIR lncRNA enhances PLK1-dependent ubiquitination of SUZ12, thereby reducing its stability during HBV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation of PLK1 with SUZ12, site-specific phosphorylation assays, proteasome inhibitor rescue, HOTAIR knockdown, in vivo bitransgenic mouse model Cancer research Medium 25855382
2015 Conditional deletion of Suz12 in hematopoiesis causes failure of hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and blocks lymphoid development, while partial loss enhances HSC self-renewal, demonstrating dose-dependent roles of PRC2 in blood cell development. Conditional Suz12 knockout mouse, bone marrow transplantation, flow cytometry of blood lineages Blood High 26036803
2018 Crystal structures of a Suz12-Rbbp4-Jarid2-Aebp2 heterotetrameric complex reveal that Suz12 contains two unique structural platforms: a non-canonical C2 domain competed for by Aebp2 and Phf19, and a surface occupied by Jarid2/EPOP required for chromatin association of PRC2; Suz12 and Aebp2 progressively block histone H3K4 binding to Rbbp4. X-ray crystallography (120 kDa complex), nucleosome-binding assays, structure-guided mutagenesis Molecular cell High 29499137
2018 H3K27 methylation patterns can be re-established de novo without pre-existing methylation marks; SUZ12 specifically dictates the genomic PRC2 binding pattern during de novo re-establishment in mESCs lacking all H3K27 methylation. Re-expression of individual PRC2 subunits in PRC2-knockout mESCs that have lost all H3K27 methylation; ChIP-seq for H3K27me3 and PRC2 subunits Nature structural & molecular biology High 29483650
2018 Live-cell single-particle tracking reveals ~80% of PRC2 rapidly diffuses through the nucleus and ~20% is chromatin-bound; SUZ12 separation-of-function mutants that cannot bind accessory proteins show markedly reduced chromatin residence, identifying AEBP2 and PCL proteins as major contributors to PRC2 chromatin binding through SUZ12. HaloTag genome editing of endogenous EZH2 and SUZ12 loci, single-particle tracking in live human cancer cells, SUZ12 separation-of-function mutants Genes & development High 29891558
2006 SUZ12 physically interacts with WD-repeat protein MEP50 in vitro and in vivo; MEP50 binds histone H2A selectively and mediates transcriptional repression through PRMT5, suggesting SUZ12 participates in H2A methylation-associated transcriptional repression beyond its PRC2 role. Co-immunoprecipitation (in vitro and in vivo), histone binding assay, transcriptional reporter assay Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 16712789
2007 The JAZF1-JJAZ1/SUZ12 fusion protein (from t(7;17) endometrial stromal sarcoma translocation) restores EZH2 levels and H3K27me3 lost upon JJAZ1 knockdown but simultaneously inhibits apoptosis and, when the wild-type allele is suppressed, drives above-normal proliferation. JJAZ1 knockdown and JAZF1-JJAZ1 rescue in HEK293 cells, Western blot for EZH2 and H3K27me3, apoptosis assay, cell proliferation assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 18077430
2017 The JAZF1-SUZ12 fusion protein destabilizes PRC2 components EZH2 and EED, reduces histone methyltransferase activity in vitro using reconstituted PRC2 and nucleosome substrates, decreases binding affinity of PRC2 to target chromatin, and fails to rescue neural differentiation in Suz12-/- ES cells while enhancing proliferation. Co-transfection/Co-IP, in vitro reconstituted PRC2 HMTase assay with nucleosome arrays, ChIP at target loci, Suz12-/- ES cell rescue Oncotarget High 27845897
2016 EZH1 and SUZ12 form a complex (EZH1-SUZ12) that interacts with the co-activator UXT and positively regulates NF-κB target gene transcription by promoting recruitment of p65 and RNA Pol II; this function is independent of H3K27 methylation. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP-seq, siRNA knockdown, TNFα-stimulation transcription assays in human cells Journal of cell science Medium 27127229
2015 SUZ12 promotes apoptosis resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer by suppressing the pro-apoptotic gene HRK through H3K27me3-mediated silencing; SUZ12 knockdown de-represses HRK and triggers apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. siRNA knockdown, H3K27me3 Western blot, ChIP at HRK locus, orthotopic and subcutaneous xenograft models Molecular cancer research Medium 22964433
2016 The lncRNA lncOL1 interacts with Suz12 to promote oligodendrocyte maturation; this interaction mediates Suz12-dependent repression of a differentiation inhibitory network that maintains the oligodendrocyte precursor state. RNA immunoprecipitation, genetic inactivation of lncOL1, overexpression, ChIP for Suz12 occupancy and H3K27me3 Neuron Medium 28041882
2015 SUZ12 interacts with the TFIIIC transcription factor complex; its knockdown decreases EZH2 and H3K27me3 occupancy at Pol III target gene promoters (tRNA, 5S rRNA, 7SL RNA), implicating PRC2 in repression of RNA Pol III transcription. Co-immunoprecipitation of TFIIIC with SUZ12, ChIP for EZH2/H3K27me3 at Pol III gene promoters, siRNA knockdown Nucleic acids research Medium 26038315
2011 RARγ is required for deposition of Suz12 at RA target gene loci in the absence of ligand; RARγ and Suz12 exist in a multi-protein complex in embryonic stem cells, and RA addition causes co-removal of both Suz12 and histone variant H2A.Z. ChIP, co-immunoprecipitation in ES cells, ligand-dependent time course Journal of cellular physiology Medium 20857416
2019 USP3 deubiquitinase interacts with and stabilizes SUZ12 by removing ubiquitin modifications; USP3-SUZ12 axis promotes gastric cancer cell migration and invasion, and SUZ12 knockdown abolishes USP3-induced oncogenic activity. iTRAQ proteomics, Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro deubiquitination assay, siRNA rescue experiments Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 31234902
2022 CK2 phosphorylates SUZ12 at residue S583; a crystal structure shows the phosphorylation-dependent stimulation loop engages the catalytic SET domain to stabilize the SAM-binding pocket, enhancing PRC2 binding to SAM and nucleosomal substrates and promoting H3K27me3 deposition and gene repression. Mass spectrometry identification of S583 phosphorylation, crystal structure of phosphorylated complex, in vitro HMTase assay, ChIP-seq for H3K27me3 in mESCs, reporter gene assay Nature communications High 36351927
2019 EED-targeted PROTACs induce rapid co-degradation of EED, EZH2, and SUZ12 within the assembled PRC2 complex, demonstrating the interdependence of PRC2 subunit stability and providing mechanistic insight into complex-level co-degradation. PROTAC degradation assay, Western blot for all three subunits, ternary complex formation assay, PRC2 enzymatic activity assay Cell chemical biology Medium 31786184
2020 CTCF interacts with SUZ12 to repress transcriptional programs associated with Schwann cell differentiation inhibitors; CTCF deletion blocks myelination by preventing SUZ12-PRC2 recruitment to these loci. Co-immunoprecipitation of CTCF with SUZ12, conditional Ctcf knockout Schwann cells, ChIP, electrophysiology Nature communications Medium 32807777
2022 The lncRNA-MEG3 binds Suz12, stabilizes the PRC2 complex, and facilitates SUZ12 liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), regulating epigenetic modification of Fhl3 and Rnf128 to control muscle mass and metabolic homeostasis. RNA immunoprecipitation, in vitro LLPS assay, loss- and gain-of-function mouse models, ChIP for H3K27me3 Advanced science Medium 40285575
2025 Genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen identifies SUZ12 as a modulator of developmental timing; loss of SUZ12 accelerates PAX6 expression during neural differentiation by shifting the H3K4me3/H3K27me3 balance at bivalent promoters, priming developmental genes for faster activation. Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 KO screen, ChIP-seq for H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, directed differentiation of hESCs, pharmacological and genetic loss-of-function Nature cell biology High 40897805
2022 SUZ12 directly interacts with the transcriptional repressor E2F6, forming an E2F6-SUZ12-EZH2 complex that is biochemically purifiable; this complex occupies target gene promoters but paradoxically activates rather than represses some targets, suggesting a non-canonical gene activation role. Biochemical purification from HEK293 cells stably expressing Flag-SUZ12, Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP assay The Kurume medical journal Low 36464274

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2004 Suz12 is essential for mouse development and for EZH2 histone methyltransferase activity. The EMBO journal 724 15385962
2004 SUZ12 is required for both the histone methyltransferase activity and the silencing function of the EED-EZH2 complex. Molecular cell 652 15225548
2007 The polycomb group protein Suz12 is required for embryonic stem cell differentiation. Molecular and cellular biology 558 17339329
2014 PRC2 is recurrently inactivated through EED or SUZ12 loss in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Nature genetics 474 25240281
2014 TGF-β-induced upregulation of malat1 promotes bladder cancer metastasis by associating with suz12. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 368 24449823
2010 Loss of miR-200 inhibition of Suz12 leads to polycomb-mediated repression required for the formation and maintenance of cancer stem cells. Molecular cell 329 20832727
2001 Frequent fusion of the JAZF1 and JJAZ1 genes in endometrial stromal tumors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 287 11371647
2006 Suz12 binds to silenced regions of the genome in a cell-type-specific manner. Genome research 259 16751344
2018 Accurate H3K27 methylation can be established de novo by SUZ12-directed PRC2. Nature structural & molecular biology 178 29483650
2019 EED-Targeted PROTACs Degrade EED, EZH2, and SUZ12 in the PRC2 Complex. Cell chemical biology 162 31786184
2001 Su(z)12, a novel Drosophila Polycomb group gene that is conserved in vertebrates and plants. Development (Cambridge, England) 162 11546753
1995 Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IV. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0121-KIAA0160) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1. DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes 124 8590280
2012 Mutation analysis of ASXL1, CBL, DNMT3A, IDH1, IDH2, JAK2, MPL, NF1, SF3B1, SUZ12, and TET2 in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 123 22489043
2003 Identification of the polycomb group protein SU(Z)12 as a potential molecular target for human cancer therapy. Molecular cancer therapeutics 123 12533679
2018 Unique Structural Platforms of Suz12 Dictate Distinct Classes of PRC2 for Chromatin Binding. Molecular cell 119 29499137
2015 PLK1 and HOTAIR Accelerate Proteasomal Degradation of SUZ12 and ZNF198 during Hepatitis B Virus-Induced Liver Carcinogenesis. Cancer research 118 25855382
2016 lncRNA Functional Networks in Oligodendrocytes Reveal Stage-Specific Myelination Control by an lncOL1/Suz12 Complex in the CNS. Neuron 112 28041882
2007 Retinoid regulated association of transcriptional co-regulators and the polycomb group protein SUZ12 with the retinoic acid response elements of Hoxa1, RARbeta(2), and Cyp26A1 in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. Journal of molecular biology 112 17663992
2004 High frequency of mosaicism among patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) with microdeletions caused by somatic recombination of the JJAZ1 gene. American journal of human genetics 108 15257518
2010 Quantitative mass spectrometry of histones H3.2 and H3.3 in Suz12-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells reveals distinct, dynamic post-translational modifications at Lys-27 and Lys-36. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 107 20150217
2015 Activation of EZH2 and SUZ12 Regulated by E2F1 Predicts the Disease Progression and Aggressive Characteristics of Bladder Cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 103 26268246
2013 Direct targeting of SUZ12/ROCK2 by miR-200b/c inhibits cholangiocarcinoma tumourigenesis and metastasis. British journal of cancer 91 24169343
2004 Molecular detection of JAZF1-JJAZ1 gene fusion in endometrial stromal neoplasms with classic and variant histology: evidence for genetic heterogeneity. The American journal of surgical pathology 87 15043312
2015 Polycomb repressive complex 2 component Suz12 is required for hematopoietic stem cell function and lymphopoiesis. Blood 82 26036803
2007 Molecular analysis of the JAZF1-JJAZ1 gene fusion by RT-PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization in endometrial stromal neoplasms. The American journal of surgical pathology 82 17197920
2018 Live-cell imaging reveals the dynamics of PRC2 and recruitment to chromatin by SUZ12-associated subunits. Genes & development 69 29891558
2009 Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCT) lack the JAZF1-JJAZ1 translocation frequently seen in endometrial stromal tumors. The American journal of surgical pathology 69 19542872
2005 JAZF1/JJAZ1 gene fusion in endometrial stromal sarcomas: molecular analysis by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction optimized for paraffin-embedded tissue. The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD 67 16049311
2003 Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses of endometrial stromal sarcoma: nonrandom involvement of chromosome arms 6p and 7p and confirmation of JAZF1/JJAZ1 gene fusion in t(7;17). Cancer genetics and cytogenetics 67 12850374
2007 High frequency of JAZF1-JJAZ1 gene fusion in endometrial stromal tumors with smooth muscle differentiation by interphase FISH detection. The American journal of surgical pathology 64 17667554
2014 Expression and clinicopathological significance of EED, SUZ12 and EZH2 mRNA in colorectal cancer. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 62 25326896
2012 SUZ12 promotes human epithelial ovarian cancer by suppressing apoptosis via silencing HRK. Molecular cancer research : MCR 62 22964433
2007 Effects of rearrangement and allelic exclusion of JJAZ1/SUZ12 on cell proliferation and survival. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 62 18077430
2019 Ubiquitin-specific protease 3 promotes cell migration and invasion by interacting with and deubiquitinating SUZ12 in gastric cancer. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 53 31234902
2017 The JAZF1-SUZ12 fusion protein disrupts PRC2 complexes and impairs chromatin repression during human endometrial stromal tumorogenesis. Oncotarget 53 27845897
2011 Proteins ZNF198 and SUZ12 are down-regulated in hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein-mediated hepatocyte transformation and in HBV replication. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 50 21480320
2022 MARCKSL1-2 reverses docetaxel-resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells by recruiting SUZ12 to suppress HDAC1 and elevate miR-200b. Molecular cancer 48 35864549
2014 SUZ12 is involved in progression of non-small cell lung cancer by promoting cell proliferation and metastasis. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 47 24633887
2020 Long Noncoding RNA Ahit Protects Against Cardiac Hypertrophy Through SUZ12 (Suppressor of Zeste 12 Protein Homolog)-Mediated Downregulation of MEF2A (Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2A). Circulation. Heart failure 46 31957467
2015 SUZ12 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating KLF2 and E-cadherin. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 45 25672609
2020 CTCF-mediated chromatin looping in EGR2 regulation and SUZ12 recruitment critical for peripheral myelination and repair. Nature communications 42 32807777
2016 JAZF1/SUZ12 gene fusion in endometrial stromal sarcomas. Orphanet journal of rare diseases 42 26879382
2012 Subset of Suz12/PRC2 target genes is activated during hepatitis B virus replication and liver carcinogenesis associated with HBV X protein. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 42 22505317
2009 Haploinsufficiency of the murine polycomb gene Suz12 results in diverse malformations of the brain and neural tube. Disease models & mechanisms 42 19535498
2019 Suz12 inactivation cooperates with JAK3 mutant signaling in the development of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 41 31492675
2019 LncRNA TRG-AS1 promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation by competitively binding with miR-877-5p to regulate SUZ12 expression. Pathology, research and practice 40 31196742
2018 Novel SUZ12 mutations in Weaver-like syndrome. Clinical genetics 40 30019515
2015 Down-regulation of miR-489 contributes into NSCLC cell invasion through targeting SUZ12. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 40 25833694
2010 Deregulated expression of the polycomb-group protein SUZ12 target genes characterizes mantle cell lymphoma. The American journal of pathology 38 20558579
2013 SUZ12 depletion suppresses the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 36 23735840
2007 The polycomb group protein SUZ12 regulates histone H3 lysine 9 methylation and HP1 alpha distribution. Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology 36 17406994
2016 The EZH1-SUZ12 complex positively regulates the transcription of NF-κB target genes through interaction with UXT. Journal of cell science 32 27127229
2012 Polycomb (PcG) proteins, BMI1 and SUZ12, regulate arsenic-induced cell transformation. The Journal of biological chemistry 31 22843710
2018 TRPS1 Suppresses Breast Cancer Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition Program as a Negative Regulator of SUZ12. Translational oncology 30 29471243
2013 Elements of the polycomb repressor SU(Z)12 needed for histone H3-K27 methylation, the interface with E(Z), and in vivo function. Molecular and cellular biology 29 24100017
2021 TSC2-mutant uterine sarcomas with JAZF1-SUZ12 fusions demonstrate hybrid features of endometrial stromal sarcoma and PEComa and are responsive to mTOR inhibition. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 28 34561551
2022 Loss of m6A Methyltransferase METTL5 Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy Through Epitranscriptomic Control of SUZ12 Expression. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine 27 35295259
2011 JAZF1 and JJAZ1 gene fusion in primary extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma. Human pathology 27 21316079
2006 Association of Polycomb group SUZ12 with WD-repeat protein MEP50 that binds to histone H2A selectively in vitro. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 27 16712789
2019 miR‑767‑5p inhibits glioma proliferation and metastasis by targeting SUZ12. Oncology reports 26 31115583
2019 Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with a novel MEAF6-SUZ12 fusion. Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 25 31101969
2015 Cryptic RNA-binding by PRC2 components EZH2 and SUZ12. RNA biology 25 26177152
2010 SUZ12 is a candidate target of the non-canonical WNT pathway in the progression of chronic myeloid leukemia. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 25 19847889
2022 CK2-mediated phosphorylation of SUZ12 promotes PRC2 function by stabilizing enzyme active site. Nature communications 24 36351927
2018 SUZ12 is a novel putative oncogene promoting tumorigenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 23 29667751
2021 HMGA1 promotes gastric cancer growth and metastasis by transactivating SUZ12 and CCDC43 expression. Aging 22 34167089
2011 RARγ is required for correct deposition and removal of Suz12 and H2A.Z in embryonic stem cells. Journal of cellular physiology 22 20857416
2007 Extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma with JAZF1/JJAZ1 fusion confirmed by RT-PCR and interphase FISH presenting as an inguinal tumor. Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 22 17235569
2023 Therapeutic targeting of FUBP3 phase separation by GATA2-AS1 inhibits malate-aspartate shuttle and neuroblastoma progression via modulating SUZ12 activity. Oncogene 19 37537343
2019 The Down-Regulation of SUZ12 Accelerates the Migration and Invasion of Liver Cancer Cells via Activating ERK1/2 Pathway. Journal of Cancer 19 31031847
2015 Restoration of IGF2 imprinting by polycomb repressive complex 2 docking factor SUZ12 in colon cancer cells. Experimental cell research 18 26407907
2017 Identification of an atypical microdeletion generating the RNF135-SUZ12 chimeric gene and causing a position effect in an NF1 patient with overgrowth. Human genetics 17 28776093
2015 PRC2 regulates RNA polymerase III transcribed non-translated RNA gene transcription through EZH2 and SUZ12 interaction with TFIIIC complex. Nucleic acids research 17 26038315
2017 MicroRNA-105 inhibits human glioma cell malignancy by directly targeting SUZ12. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 16 28618952
2023 Imagawa-Matsumoto syndrome: SUZ12-related overgrowth disorder. Clinical genetics 15 36645289
2020 Knockdown of lncRNA PCAI protects against cognitive decline induced by hippocampal neuroinflammation via regulating SUZ12. Life sciences 13 32247002
2018 Low-grade Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma of the Paratestis: A Novel Report With Molecular Confirmation of JAZF1/SUZ12 Translocation. The American journal of surgical pathology 13 29394168
2025 LncRNA-MEG3 Regulates Muscle Mass and Metabolic Homeostasis by Facilitating SUZ12 Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 12 40285575
2021 Re-expression of miR-200s in claudin-low mammary tumor cells alters cell shape and reduces proliferation and invasion potentially through modulating other miRNAs and SUZ12 regulated genes. Cancer cell international 12 33541373
2019 DNA methylation-regulated and tumor-suppressive roles of miR-487b in colorectal cancer via targeting MYC, SUZ12, and KRAS. Cancer medicine 12 30791232
2009 Characterization of the expression pattern of the PRC2 core subunit Suz12 during embryonic development of Xenopus laevis. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 12 19877271
2020 suz12 inactivation in p53- and nf1-deficient zebrafish accelerates the onset of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and expands the spectrum of tumor types. Disease models & mechanisms 11 32651197
2023 SUZ12 promotes the malignant behavior of gastric cancer cells by CDKs. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 9 36994588
2017 Deregulated expression of microRNA-200b/c and SUZ12, a Polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit, in chemoresistant colorectal cancer cells. Genes & cancer 9 28966728
2007 In vivo analysis of Drosophila SU(Z)12 function. Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG 9 18034266
2021 Novel MEAF6-SUZ12 fusion in ossifying fibromyxoid tumor with unusual features. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 8 33840146
2021 SUZ12 Loss Amplifies the Ras/ERK Pathway by Activating Adenylate Cyclase 1 in NF1-Associated Neurofibromas. Frontiers in oncology 8 34692515
2019 JAZF1-SUZ12 endometrial stromal sarcoma forming subserosal masses with extraordinary uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose on positron emission tomography: a case report. Diagnostic pathology 8 31615558
2025 LINC-PINT suppresses the progression of acute myeloid leukemia via miR-767-5p/SUZ12-mediated JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Cytokine 7 39978301
2022 SUZ12 participates in the proliferation of PNH clones by regulating histone H3K27me3 levels. Journal of leukocyte biology 7 34990019
2021 RNA-driven JAZF1-SUZ12 gene fusion in human endometrial stromal cells. PLoS genetics 7 34928964
2024 Upregulation of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) with Associated pERK Co-Expression and PRC2 Complex Protein SUZ12 Correlation in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Cancers 6 38339397
2022 Caenorhabditis elegans MES-3 is a highly divergent ortholog of the canonical PRC2 component SUZ12. iScience 6 35800781
2023 An investigation of the etiology and follow-up findings in 35 children with overgrowth syndromes, including biallelic SUZ12 variant. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 5 36919607
2023 Circ-SUZ12 Protects Cardiomyocytes from Hypoxia-Induced Dysfunction Through Upregulating SUZ12 Expression to Activate Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway. International heart journal 5 37967992
2016 [Endometrial stromal sarcoma: morphologic features and detection of JAZF1-SUZ12 and YWHAE FAM22 fusion genes]. Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology 5 27142911
2014 Colonic low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma and orthotopic endometrial stromal tumor with limited infiltration sharing the JAZF1-SUZ12 gene fusion. Pathology international 5 24750188
2010 Absence of the JAZF1/SUZ12 chimeric transcript in the immortalized non-neoplastic endometrial stromal cell line T HESCs. Oncology letters 5 22870092
2025 Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies Menin and SUZ12 as regulators of human developmental timing. Nature cell biology 4 40897805
2022 The E2F6 Transcription Factor is Associated with the Mammalian SUZ12-Containing Polycomb Complex. The Kurume medical journal 4 36464274