| 2001 |
RIM1 and Munc13-1 interact functionally at the presynaptic active zone; disruption of this interaction causes loss of fusion-competent synaptic vesicles, phenocopying Munc13-1-deficient neurons. RIM1 binding and vesicle priming are mediated by two distinct structural modules of Munc13-1. |
Biochemical interaction assays, electrophysiology in neurons, loss-of-function genetic analysis |
Neuron |
High |
11343654
|
| 2001 |
RIM1 binds Rab3-GTP (but not GDP-saturated Rab3) via a short N-terminal alpha-helical sequence (amino acids 19–55); a point mutation R33G abolishes binding. Rab3 isoforms A, C, D are bound with similar affinities (Kd=1–2 µM). The zinc finger domain of Rim1 binds Munc13 but not Rab3. |
Surface plasmon resonance with recombinant bacterially expressed proteins, pull-down from brain lysate, site-directed mutagenesis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
11431472
|
| 2001 |
The Rab3a-GTP binding domain and the secretion-enhancing domain of RIM1 are distinct and separable: a ~30 amino acid sequence immediately N-terminal to the zinc finger constitutes the minimal Rab3a-GTP binding domain, while the zinc finger domain alone enhances secretion without binding Rab3a. N-terminal RIM1 increases the rate of ATP-dependent priming of secretion without altering Ca2+ sensitivity. |
Domain deletion/truncation analysis, secretion assays in intact and permeabilized adrenal chromaffin cells |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
11278839
|
| 2002 |
CAST (CAZ-associated structural protein) directly binds RIM1 and indirectly binds Munc13-1 through RIM1, forming a ternary complex at the cytomatrix of the active zone. Bassoon is also associated with this ternary complex. CAST, RIM1, and Bassoon are co-transported on the same vesicles during synapse formation. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, direct binding assay, immunoisolation of vesicles with antibody-coupled beads, immunolocalization |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
12163476
|
| 2003 |
RIM1 interacts with Rab3A/B/C/D, Rab10, Rab26, and Rab37 but not Rab27A/B or Rab8A; alternative splicing of the first alpha-helical region of the RIM1 Rab binding domain alters Rab binding specificity. |
Cotransfection binding assay with 42 different Rab proteins, site-directed mutagenesis, chimeric protein analysis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
12578829
|
| 2004 |
RIM1 and Bassoon directly bind to distinct regions of CAST (C-terminus and central region, respectively), forming a ternary complex. All known CAZ proteins (CAST, RIM1, Munc13-1, Bassoon, Piccolo) form a large molecular complex in brain. Microinjection of RIM1-binding or Bassoon-binding regions of CAST, or the CAST-binding domain of RIM1 or Bassoon, impairs synaptic transmission in cultured neurons. |
Direct binding assay, co-immunoprecipitation, microinjection of dominant-negative peptides, electrophysiology |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
14734538
|
| 2007 |
SCRAPPER, a synapse-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase, directly binds and ubiquitinates RIM1, targeting it for proteasome-mediated degradation. In Scrapper-knockout neurons, RIM1 has a longer half-life and reduced ubiquitination. RIM1 degradation by SCRAPPER is required for synaptic tuning: SCR-KO mice show increased miniature EPSC frequency (phenocopied by RIM1 overexpression and rescued by SCRAPPER re-expression or RIM1 knockdown). |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, knockout mouse electrophysiology, rescue experiments with re-expression and RNAi |
Cell |
High |
17803915
|
| 2008 |
The RIM1 gene encodes two isoforms from distinct promoters: RIM1α (with an N-terminal Rab3-binding sequence) and RIM1β (lacking that N-terminal sequence). RIM1β is upregulated in RIM1α knockout mice. Deletion of both isoforms severely impairs mouse survival and abolishes presynaptic long-term plasticity, while the RIM1α-only deletion impairment in synaptic strength and short-term plasticity is aggravated by double deletion. |
Conditional and constitutive knockout mouse generation, electrophysiology, molecular characterization of isoforms |
The Journal of neuroscience |
High |
19074017
|
| 2011 |
RIM1 interacts with the CaVβ auxiliary subunit of L-type Ca2+ channels (CaV1.2 and CaV1.3) via co-immunoprecipitation. RIM1 decreases the rate of inactivation of L-type CaV channel currents in a CaVβ-dependent manner. Knockdown of endogenous RIM1 increases current inactivation and notably impairs high K+-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, whole-cell patch clamp, siRNA knockdown, ELISA for insulin secretion |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
21402706
|
| 2011 |
RIM1 promotes deinhibition of CaV2.2 channels from G-protein-mediated inhibition: Rim1-expressing cells show considerably greater extent of current deinhibition following channel activation upon μ-opioid receptor stimulation, favoring sustained Ca2+ influx under prolonged activity. |
Whole-cell patch clamp in HEK-293 cells co-expressing CaV2.2 and μ-opioid receptor with or without Rim1 |
Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology |
Medium |
21331761
|
| 2013 |
Liprin-α2 is required for recruitment of RIM1 (and CASK) to presynaptic active zones. Depletion of liprin-α2 reduces turnover of RIM1 at presynaptic terminals as measured by FRAP, suggesting liprin-α2 promotes dynamic scaffolding of RIM1. Liprin-α2 controls synaptic vesicle pool size and synaptic output. |
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), immunofluorescence, knockdown/overexpression in neurons, electron microscopy |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
23751498
|
| 2014 |
RIM1 and RIM2 redundantly determine presynaptic Ca2+ channel density and readily releasable vesicle pool size at the calyx of Held synapse. Conditional double knockout of RIM1 and RIM2 strongly reduces presynaptic Ca2+ current density and RRP size, whereas single knockouts of each have only subtle or no effect. |
Conditional knockout mice, direct presynaptic whole-cell electrophysiology at calyx of Held, quantitative PCR |
Journal of neurophysiology |
High |
25343783
|
| 2015 |
RIM1/2 facilitate Ca2+ entry into rod photoreceptor terminals through Cav1.4 channels, which is required for Ca2+-stimulated vesicle release. Conditional double knockout of RIM1 and RIM2 from rods causes profound reduction in Ca2+ currents and ~4-fold reduction in spontaneous miniature release events and near-complete absence of evoked responses, without altering Cav1.4 protein expression or ribbon morphology. |
Conditional double knockout mice, whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings from rods, membrane capacitance measurements, immunofluorescence |
The Journal of neuroscience |
High |
26400943
|
| 2007 |
The CORD7-associated RIM1 R655H mutation (corresponding to human R844H) modifies RIM1's regulation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel currents elicited by P/Q-type CaV2.1 and L-type CaV1.4 channels, suggesting altered presynaptic VDCC regulation underlies the CORD7 phenotype. |
Electrophysiology in heterologous expression system with wild-type vs. mutant RIM1 |
Channels (Austin, Tex.) |
Medium |
18690027
|
| 2018 |
RIM1 localizes postsynaptically in hippocampal CA1 neurons and facilitates membrane delivery of recycling NMDARs via binding to Rab11 through its N-terminus. Knockdown of RIM1 impairs both constitutive and regulated NMDAR (but not AMPAR) trafficking and membrane insertion of Rab11-positive recycling endosomes. Postsynaptic RIM1 is required for basal NMDAR-mediated synaptic responses and hippocampus-dependent memory. |
Immunofluorescence/fractionation for localization, Co-IP for Rab11 interaction, shRNA knockdown, electrophysiology, behavioral assays |
Nature communications |
High |
29891949
|
| 2022 |
The CORD7 mutation (R844H/R915H in fly numbering) in the C2A domain of RIM1 exerts a semi-dominant effect on synaptic transmission, resulting in faster and more efficient synaptic release, increased size of the readily releasable pool, decreased sensitivity to the fast Ca2+ chelator BAPTA, and increased number of presynaptic active zones without perturbing their nanoscopic organization. Crystal structure of the Drosophila RIM C2A domain at 1.92 Å confirmed structural conservation of the mutation site. |
CRISPR/Cas9 genomic knock-in of CORD7 mutation in Drosophila, X-ray crystallography, two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology, focal recordings, super-resolution microscopy (STED) of Bruchpilot/ELKS/CAST |
Brain : a journal of neurology |
High |
35022694
|
| 2003 |
A G-to-A point mutation in the RIM1 (RIMS1) gene resulting in R844H substitution in the C2A domain was identified in CORD7 autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy. RIM1 is expressed in brain and in photoreceptors where it localizes to pre-synaptic ribbons in ribbon synapses. The RIM1 gene spans 577 kb, comprises at least 35 exons, and shows extensive alternative splicing. |
Mutation analysis by sequencing, segregation analysis, immunolocalization in retina/brain |
Genomics |
Medium |
12659814
|
| 2024 |
Crystal structure of the liprin-α2/RIM1 complex was determined, revealing multifaceted intermolecular interactions driving liprin-α/RIM assembly. Disrupting this interaction in neurons impairs synaptic transmission and reduces the readily releasable pool. Liprin-α promotes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of RIM1 at the active zone, and the liprin-α/RIM interaction modulates competitive distribution of ELKS1 and VGCCs in RIM1 condensates; disrupting it decreases VGCC accumulation and increases sensitivity to the slow Ca2+ buffer EGTA. |
X-ray crystallography, CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in mutations, electrophysiology, super-resolution imaging, EGTA sensitivity assay, in vitro phase separation assay |
bioRxivpreprint |
High |
|