Affinage

RAD51B

DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2 · UniProt O15315

Length
384 aa
Mass
42.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
81 papers in source corpus 19 papers cited in narrative 19 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/7 claims corpus-supported (86%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RAD51B is a RAD51 paralog that functions as a recombination mediator in homologous recombination (HR)-mediated repair of DNA double-strand breaks and in replication fork protection (PMID:37344587, PMID:10938124). It is a stable subunit of the BCDX2 complex (RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2), in which RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 structurally mimic three RAD51 protomers within a nucleoprotein filament while RAD51B is conformationally dynamic; BCDX2 stimulates nucleation and extension of RAD51 filaments on ssDNA in reactions dependent on the coupled ATPase activities of RAD51B and RAD51C (PMID:37344587). The minimal RAD51B-RAD51C heterodimer binds ssDNA and dsDNA, hydrolyzes ATP in a DNA-stimulated manner, and acts as a mediator that alleviates RPA competition for ssDNA to facilitate assembly of the RAD51-ssDNA filament required for strand exchange (PMID:11751636, PMID:12427746). Both RAD51B alone and the assembled BCDX2 complex preferentially recognize branched DNA intermediates such as synthetic Holliday junctions (PMID:15141025, PMID:12441335). Loss or haploinsufficiency of RAD51B impairs HR, reduces sister chromatid exchange and damage-induced RAD51 focus formation, sensitizes cells to crosslinking agents, and produces chromosomal aberrations, centrosome fragmentation, and aneuploidy (PMID:10938124, PMID:16778173); RAD51B additionally contributes to a cell cycle checkpoint function that is separable from its HR role (PMID:25368520). Nuclear import is directed by an N-terminal KKLK signal acting independently of RAD51C and BRCA2 (PMID:15701685), and RAD51B engages BRCA2 through an FxxA motif in its C-terminal domain [PMID:bio_10.1101_2024.10.10.617680]. A truncating RAD51B variant identified in sisters with primary ovarian insufficiency disrupts interaction with RAD51C, RAD51, and HELQ and causes meiotic DNA repair defects with reduced crossovers, linking RAD51B to a human reproductive disorder (PMID:35624308).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 16 steps
  1. 1998 Medium

    Established the first cellular phenotypes for RAD51B by showing its overexpression imposes a G1 delay and UV-induced apoptosis dependent on the intact full-length protein, hinting at a role beyond a passive structural paralog.

    Evidence Stable overexpression in CHO cells with FACS, UV irradiation, and mutagenesis of the Src-site residue and N-terminal truncations

    PMID:9788630

    Open questions at the time
    • Overexpression phenotype may not reflect endogenous function
    • Mechanistic link between the Src-site residue and cell cycle control unresolved
  2. 1999 High

    Demonstrated RAD51B is an essential developmental gene whose loss is embryonic-lethal but partially p53-dependent, placing it in a proliferation-control pathway intersecting p53.

    Evidence Homozygous knockout in mouse ES cells with timed pregnancy and blastocyst outgrowth, plus p53-null epistasis

    PMID:10567591

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of lethality not defined
    • Does not distinguish HR defect from other roles
  3. 1999 Medium

    Linked RAD51B to human tumorigenesis by identifying it as the recurrent HMGIC translocation partner in uterine leiomyomas, generating fusion transcripts and disrupting a uterine-specific isoform.

    Evidence FISH, RACE, and RT-PCR on uterine leiomyoma tissue

    PMID:9892177

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of the fusion not established
    • Relevance of the transmembrane-domain isoform unclear
  4. 2000 High

    Provided in vivo evidence that RAD51B promotes RAD51 filament assembly during HR, by showing its knockout cripples recombinational repair and damage-induced RAD51 foci.

    Evidence RAD51B knockout in chicken DT40 cells with HRR, SCE, clonogenic survival, and RAD51 focus assays

    PMID:10938124

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve biochemical mechanism of RAD51 loading
    • Avian system; human stoichiometry not addressed
  5. 2000 Medium

    Reported an apparent intrinsic protein kinase activity for RAD51B against cell cycle substrates, offering a candidate biochemical basis for its checkpoint effects.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assay with purified protein on kemptide, MBP, p53, cyclin E, and cdk2

    PMID:10623463

    Open questions at the time
    • Not independently replicated
    • Biological significance and substrate specificity unclear
    • Possible co-purifying kinase not excluded
  6. 2001 High

    Defined the core biochemical mediator function by reconstituting the RAD51B-RAD51C heterodimer and showing it relieves RPA competition to enable RAD51 filament assembly and strand exchange.

    Evidence In vitro reconstitution with purified proteins: strand exchange, ATPase, and ssDNA-binding assays; reciprocal Co-IP from human cell lines

    PMID:11744692 PMID:11751636

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not define the full BCDX2 assembly
    • Relative contributions of RAD51B vs RAD51C not separated
  7. 2002 High

    Characterized the biochemical division of labor within the heterodimer and RAD51B's preference for branched substrates, showing RAD51B binds DNA and hydrolyzes ATP but lacks strand exchange while preferring Holliday junctions.

    Evidence Purified recombinant RAD51B/RAD51C from Sf9 cells with pulldown, DNA-binding, ATPase, and strand-exchange assays; HJ/half-cruciform/dsDNA binding assays

    PMID:12427746 PMID:12441335

    Open questions at the time
    • Cellular relevance of HJ binding not directly tested
    • Structural basis of branched-DNA preference unknown
  8. 2004 High

    Showed the assembled BCDX2 complex specifically recognizes branched recombination intermediates and catalyzes strand annealing, extending the branched-DNA preference from RAD51B to the full complex.

    Evidence Competitive DNA-binding assay across seven substrate types and strand-annealing assay with purified BCDX2

    PMID:15141025

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo function on Holliday junctions not demonstrated
    • Single-lab biochemistry
  9. 2005 High

    Mapped the determinant of RAD51B nuclear targeting to an N-terminal KKLK NLS acting independently of its partners, establishing how RAD51B reaches its site of action.

    Evidence EGFP-fusion imaging with NLS mutagenesis in RAD51C-deficient and BRCA2-mutant cells

    PMID:15701685

    Open questions at the time
    • Import receptor not identified
    • Regulation of localization during the cell cycle not addressed
  10. 2006 High

    Linked RAD51B dosage to genome stability beyond HR, demonstrating that biallelic expression is required for centrosome integrity and euploidy.

    Evidence Gene targeting in human HCT116 and siRNA in HT1080 with SCE, RAD51 foci, centrosome, and karyotype analyses

    PMID:16778173

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism connecting RAD51B to centrosome maintenance unknown
    • Whether centrosome role is BCDX2-dependent unresolved
  11. 2009 Medium

    Identified EVL as a RAD51B-interacting recombination factor, with RAD51B enhancing EVL-stimulated RAD51 pairing activity.

    Evidence Pulldown binding, in vitro strand exchange/annealing, and siRNA knockdown with RAD51 foci

    PMID:19329439

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional significance of the RAD51B-EVL interaction in cells not established
    • Single lab
  12. 2014 Medium

    Separated RAD51B's checkpoint role from its HR role and placed it downstream of a miR-590/Activin axis governing stem cell self-renewal and proliferation.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown in breast cancer lines with HR reporter, survival, and cell cycle assays; miRNA/luciferase/repair assays in mESCs

    PMID:25368520 PMID:25458897

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of the HR-independent checkpoint function unknown
    • Direct vs indirect regulation by the Activin pathway not resolved
  13. 2022 High

    Connected RAD51B to a human Mendelian phenotype by showing a truncating variant causes primary ovarian insufficiency through disrupted partner interactions and meiotic repair defects.

    Evidence Whole-exome sequencing, mouse knockin model, meiotic chromosome spreads, Co-IP, DNA fiber, and mitomycin-C assays

    PMID:35624308

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether HELQ interaction is direct not shown
    • Penetrance and somatic vs germline contributions not fully delineated
  14. 2023 High

    Resolved the structural logic of BCDX2, showing three subunits mimic a RAD51 filament while RAD51B is dynamic, and that coupled RAD51B-RAD51C ATPase activity drives RAD51 filament nucleation and extension.

    Evidence Cryo-EM, AlphaFold2 modelling, structural proteomics, single-molecule analysis, and ATPase mutagenesis with reconstituted complex

    PMID:37344587

    Open questions at the time
    • Conformational role of the dynamic RAD51B subunit not fully defined
    • Coupling of ATPase to filament handoff at atomic resolution unresolved
  15. 2025 Medium

    Mapped the RAD51B-BRCA2 interface to an FxxA motif in the RAD51B C-terminal domain, defining how the paralog engages the central HR mediator.

    Evidence Yeast 3-hybrid and Co-IP with domain truncation/point mutants (preprint)

    PMID:bio_10.1101_2024.10.10.617680

    Open questions at the time
    • Preprint, not peer-reviewed
    • Functional consequence of the FxxA-mediated BRCA2 interaction in cells untested
  16. 2025 Medium

    Implicated RAD51B loss in a non-HR oncogenic mechanism, whereby it represses ERα via ATP/AMPK-dependent PRC2 recruitment to drive TNBC in a BRCA1-deficient background.

    Evidence Sleeping Beauty transposon screen and RAD51B knockout mice, ChIP for H3K27me3, AMPK/EZH2 phosphorylation analysis, and pharmacological inhibition

    PMID:41318657

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct vs indirect role of RAD51B in chromatin regulation unclear
    • Generalizability beyond the BRCA1-deficient context untested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How RAD51B's dynamic conformation, branched-DNA recognition, and ATPase coupling are mechanically integrated to control RAD51 filament handoff in vivo, and how its HR-independent roles in checkpoint, centrosome, and chromatin regulation are wired, remain open.
  • No atomic-resolution model of the RAD51B-to-RAD51 handoff
  • HR-independent mechanisms (checkpoint, centrosome, PRC2/ERα) molecularly undefined
  • Reported intrinsic kinase activity unreconciled with the mediator model

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003677 DNA binding 4 GO:0140657 ATP-dependent activity 4 GO:0016787 hydrolase activity 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 1 GO:0005815 microtubule organizing center 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 3 R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 3 R-HSA-1474165 Reproduction 1
Partners
BRCA2EVLHELQRAD51RAD51CRAD51DXRCC2
Complex memberships
BCDX2 complex (RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2)RAD51B-RAD51C heterodimer

Evidence

Reading pass · 19 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2023 Cryo-EM structure, AlphaFold2 modelling, and structural proteomics revealed that the BCDX2 complex (RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2) has RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 mimicking three RAD51 protomers aligned within a nucleoprotein filament, while RAD51B is highly dynamic. Biochemical and single-molecule analyses showed that BCDX2 stimulates nucleation and extension of RAD51 filaments on ssDNA in reactions that depend on the coupled ATPase activities of RAD51B and RAD51C, supporting replication fork protection and double-strand break repair. Cryo-EM structure determination, AlphaFold2 modelling, structural proteomics, in vitro biochemical assay, single-molecule analysis, ATPase mutagenesis Nature High 37344587
2001 RAD51B and RAD51C form a stable heterodimeric complex with ssDNA-binding and ssDNA-stimulated ATPase activities. This Rad51B-Rad51C complex acts as a recombination mediator by alleviating RPA competition with Rad51 for ssDNA binding, facilitating assembly of the Rad51-ssDNA nucleoprotein filament required for DNA strand exchange. In vitro reconstitution of DNA strand exchange, ATPase assay, ssDNA-binding assay, functional interaction assay with purified proteins Genes & development High 11751636
2002 Purified recombinant RAD51B and RAD51C form a highly stable heterodimer (confirmed by Ni-NTA pulldown), both bind single- and double-stranded DNA with preference for 3'-end-tailed duplexes, and both exhibit DNA-stimulated ATPase activity. RAD51B shows no apparent DNA strand exchange activity, while RAD51C does (via duplex destabilization). The heterodimer shows enhanced DNA binding compared to individual proteins. Baculovirus expression and purification from Sf9 cells, Ni-NTA pulldown, DNA-binding assay, DNA-stimulated ATPase assay, strand exchange assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 12427746
2001 RAD51B and RAD51C form an endogenous heterocomplex in human cells (HeLa, MCF10A, MCF7) confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. RAD51C is central to a larger multiprotein complex with RAD51B, RAD51D, XRCC2, and XRCC3 that is exclusive of RAD51. The RAD51B/RAD51C complex was also isolated from insect cells by immunoaffinity chromatography. Co-immunoprecipitation from human cell lines, immunoaffinity chromatography from insect cells co-expressing recombinant proteins The Journal of biological chemistry High 11744692
2000 RAD51B knockout in chicken DT40 cells impairs homologous recombinational repair (reduced targeted integration, sister chromatid exchange, and intragenic recombination), causes spontaneous chromosomal aberrations, sensitizes cells to cisplatin and mitomycin C, and greatly reduces damage-induced RAD51 nuclear focus formation, indicating RAD51B promotes assembly of RAD51 nucleoprotein filaments during HRR. Gene knockout by homologous recombination in DT40 cells, targeted integration assay, sister chromatid exchange assay, clonogenic survival assay, immunofluorescence for RAD51 foci Molecular and cellular biology High 10938124
2004 The human BCDX2 complex (RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2) preferentially binds branched DNA structures (Y-shaped DNA and synthetic Holliday junctions) over linear ssDNA, dsDNA, or tailed duplexes, and catalyzes strand annealing between a long linear ssDNA and its complementary circular ssDNA. Competitive DNA-binding assay with seven DNA substrate types, strand-annealing assay with purified BCDX2 complex Nucleic acids research High 15141025
2002 Purified human RAD51B protein binds ssDNA and dsDNA in the presence of ATP and Mg2+ or Mn2+, exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity, and specifically binds synthetic Holliday junctions over half-cruciform or dsDNA substrates, suggesting a specific role in Holliday junction processing during homologous recombinational repair. Protein purification, DNA-binding assay with synthetic Holliday junction, half-cruciform, and dsDNA substrates; ATPase assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 12441335
2006 Haploinsufficiency of RAD51B in human HCT116 cells (via gene targeting) causes mild DNA damage hypersensitivity, reduced sister chromatid exchange, impaired RAD51 focus formation, increased chromosome aberrations, centrosome fragmentation, and aneuploidy. siRNA knockdown of RAD51B in HT1080 cells also causes centrosome fragmentation, demonstrating that biallelic RAD51B expression is required for centrosome integrity and chromosome stability. Gene targeting in human HCT116 cells, siRNA knockdown in HT1080 cells, clonogenic survival, SCE assay, immunofluorescence for RAD51 foci and centrosomes, karyotyping Cancer research High 16778173
2005 RAD51B nuclear localization is mediated by an N-terminal KKLK motif (amino acids 4-7) that functions as a nuclear localization signal. Mutation of KKLK results in cytoplasmic retention of EGFP-RAD51B. Nuclear localization of RAD51B is independent of its direct binding partner RAD51C (shown in irs3 mutant cells deficient in RAD51C) and independent of BRCA2 (shown in CAPAN-1 cells). EGFP-fusion live imaging, site-directed mutagenesis of NLS, immunofluorescence in RAD51C-deficient and BRCA2-mutant cell lines Mutagenesis High 15701685
2009 Human EVL (Ena/VASP-like) protein physically binds to both RAD51 and RAD51B (pulldown/binding assay), stimulates RAD51-mediated homologous pairing and strand exchange in vitro, promotes ssDNA annealing alone, and this recombination activity is further enhanced by RAD51B. EVL knockdown impairs RAD51 assembly onto damaged DNA after ionizing radiation or mitomycin C. Protein-binding assay (pulldown), in vitro strand exchange and DNA annealing assay, siRNA knockdown with immunofluorescence for RAD51 foci The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 19329439
1999 Homozygous disruption of muREC2/RAD51L1 in mice causes early embryonic lethality (growth retardation by E5.5, resorption by E8.5), indicating an essential role in early development. Embryonic lethality is partially rescued in a p53-null background, placing muREC2/RAD51L1 in a pathway that intersects with p53 in controlling cell proliferation. Homologous recombination knockout in embryonic stem cells, timed pregnancy studies, blastocyst outgrowth assay, p53-null background epistasis Molecular and cellular biology High 10567591
1998 Overexpression of wild-type human REC2/RAD51B in CHO cells causes G1 cell cycle delay and UV-induced apoptosis. A point mutation at residue 163 (in the putative Src phosphorylation site) or N-terminal truncation (first 100 amino acids only) abolishes both the G1 delay and UV-induced apoptosis, indicating these functional effects require an intact full-length protein including the Src-site domain. Stable transfection, FACS cell cycle analysis, UV irradiation, mutagenesis of Src-site residue and truncation constructs Cancer research Medium 9788630
2000 Human REC2/RAD51B (HsRec2/Rad51L1) exhibits protein kinase activity, phosphorylating the artificial substrate kemptide (serine-containing), myelin basic protein, p53, cyclin E, and cdk2, but not a tyrosine-only peptide substrate, suggesting it can regulate cell cycle proteins through serine/threonine phosphorylation. In vitro kinase assay with purified HsRec2/Rad51L1 and multiple peptide/protein substrates Experimental cell research Medium 10623463
2022 A truncating variant RAD51B c.92delT (leading to reinitiation at Met64) identified in sisters with primary ovarian insufficiency causes meiotic DNA repair defects with accumulation of RAD51 and HSF2BP/BMRE1 on chromosome axes and reduced crossovers in a mouse model. The variant abrogates or diminishes interaction of RAD51B with RAD51C, RAD51, and HELQ. Somatic repair of mitomycin-C-induced aberrations is impaired, and replication fork progression is reduced in patient-derived cells. Whole-exome sequencing, mouse knockin model, meiotic chromosome spread analysis, co-immunoprecipitation for RAD51B interactions, DNA fiber assay, mitomycin-C sensitivity assay Cell death and differentiation High 35624308
2014 In mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), miR-590 directly targets Acvr2a (Activin receptor type 2a) to regulate the Activin signaling pathway, and Rad51b is a downstream effector of the miR-590/Acvr2a pathway that regulates both single-strand break and double-strand break repair and cell cycle progression, balancing DNA damage repair and rapid proliferation during mESC self-renewal. miRNA overexpression, siRNA knockdown, luciferase reporter assay, DNA damage repair assay (SSB and DSB), cell cycle analysis, LIF withdrawal Stem cell reports Medium 25458897
2014 siRNA knockdown of RAD51B in breast cancer cell lines increases sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents (cisplatin, hydroxyurea, methyl-methanesulfonate), reduces homologous recombination efficiency, and alters cell cycle checkpoint responses. The influence of RAD51B on the cell cycle checkpoint is independent of its role in HR. siRNA knockdown, clonogenic survival, HR reporter assay, cell cycle analysis (FACS) Breast cancer : basic and clinical research Medium 25368520
2025 Using yeast 3-hybrid and Co-IP approaches, RAD51B (and other RAD51 paralogs) interact with BRCA2 at two distinct interaction hubs: the BRC repeats and the DNA binding domain. Specifically, BRCA2 interacts with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RAD51B (not the N-terminal domain). This interaction is dependent on an FxxA motif located on a surface-exposed region of the RAD51B CTD. Yeast 3-hybrid assay, Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mapping with truncation/point mutants bioRxivpreprint Medium bio_10.1101_2024.10.10.617680
2025 Loss of RAD51B in Brca1-deficient mice leads to development of TNBC-phenotype tumors by repressing ERα expression through recruitment of PRC2 and subsequent H3K27me3 trimethylation at the Esr1 promoter. Mechanistically, RAD51B loss increases cellular ATP levels, suppresses AMPK pathway, and causes dephosphorylation of EZH2 at Thr311, enhancing PRC2 assembly. EZH2 inhibitor combined with tamoxifen reduces TNBC progression. Sleeping Beauty transposon screen in mice, RAD51B knockout mouse model, ChIP for H3K27me3 at Esr1 promoter, AMPK pathway analysis, EZH2 phosphorylation assay, pharmacological inhibition Cell death & disease Medium 41318657
1999 RAD51B (hREC2) on chromosome 14q23-24 is the preferential translocation partner of HMGIC in uterine leiomyomas via t(12;14)(q15;q24) translocation. The rearrangement causes allelic knockout of a uterine-specific RAD51B isoform, generating RAD51B-HMGIC fusion transcripts. A novel uterine-expressed RAD51B isoform with a putative transmembrane domain-encoding last exon was identified. FISH, RACE (3' cDNA end amplification), RT-PCR, transcript analysis of tumor tissue Cancer research Medium 9892177

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 81 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2009 A multistage genome-wide association study in breast cancer identifies two new risk alleles at 1p11.2 and 14q24.1 (RAD51L1). Nature genetics 442 19330030
2015 Contribution of Germline Mutations in the RAD51B, RAD51C, and RAD51D Genes to Ovarian Cancer in the Population. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 258 26261251
2000 The Rad51 paralog Rad51B promotes homologous recombinational repair. Molecular and cellular biology 224 10938124
2001 Mediator function of the human Rad51B-Rad51C complex in Rad51/RPA-catalyzed DNA strand exchange. Genes & development 193 11751636
1999 Disruption of muREC2/RAD51L1 in mice results in early embryonic lethality which can Be partially rescued in a p53(-/-) background. Molecular and cellular biology 132 10567591
1999 Allelic knockout of novel splice variants of human recombination repair gene RAD51B in t(12;14) uterine leiomyomas. Cancer research 114 9892177
1997 Identification of a novel human RAD51 homolog, RAD51B. Genomics 104 9441753
2002 Complex formation by the human Rad51B and Rad51C DNA repair proteins and their activities in vitro. The Journal of biological chemistry 100 12427746
1997 Isolation of human and mouse genes based on homology to REC2, a recombinational repair gene from the fungus Ustilago maydis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 82 9207106
2001 RAD51C interacts with RAD51B and is central to a larger protein complex in vivo exclusive of RAD51. The Journal of biological chemistry 75 11744692
2004 Preferential binding to branched DNA strands and strand-annealing activity of the human Rad51B, Rad51C, Rad51D and Xrcc2 protein complex. Nucleic acids research 72 15141025
2013 Germline mutation in the RAD51B gene confers predisposition to breast cancer. BMC cancer 64 24139550
2011 Associations of common variants at 1p11.2 and 14q24.1 (RAD51L1) with breast cancer risk and heterogeneity by tumor subtype: findings from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Human molecular genetics 64 21852249
2023 Structure and function of the RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 tumour suppressor. Nature 58 37344587
2002 Holliday junction binding activity of the human Rad51B protein. The Journal of biological chemistry 50 12441335
2013 Identification of BACH2 and RAD51B as rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility loci in a meta-analysis of genome-wide data. Arthritis and rheumatism 49 24022229
2014 Three new genetic loci (R1210C in CFH, variants in COL8A1 and RAD51B) are independently related to progression to advanced macular degeneration. PloS one 47 24498017
2013 Roles of XRCC2, RAD51B and RAD51D in RAD51-independent SSA recombination. PLoS genetics 45 24278037
2006 Haploinsufficiency of RAD51B causes centrosome fragmentation and aneuploidy in human cells. Cancer research 41 16778173
1994 The REC2 gene encodes the homologous pairing protein of Ustilago maydis. Molecular and cellular biology 37 7935431
1986 Gene amplification induces mucoid phenotype in rec-2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed to kanamycin. Journal of bacteriology 36 3080408
2001 Evidence for RAD51L1/HMGIC fusion in the pathogenesis of uterine leiomyoma. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 35 11135437
1999 hREC2, a RAD51-like gene, is disrupted by t(12;14) (q15;q24.1) in a uterine leiomyoma. Cancer genetics and cytogenetics 35 10565301
2018 Target Specificity of Cas9 Nuclease via DNA Rearrangement Regulated by the REC2 Domain. Journal of the American Chemical Society 34 29874063
1985 Reexamination of phenotypic defects in rec-1 and rec-2 mutants of Haemophilus influenzae Rd. Journal of bacteriology 34 3874865
2013 A novel PLAG1-RAD51L1 gene fusion resulting from a t(8;14)(q12;q24) in a case of lipoblastoma. Cancer genetics 30 23890983
1997 Interaction between Ustilago maydis REC2 and RAD51 genes in DNA repair and mitotic recombination. Genetics 29 9071580
1994 Structure of REC2, a recombinational repair gene of Ustilago maydis, and its function in homologous recombination between plasmid and chromosomal sequences. Molecular and cellular biology 29 8065360
2016 Methylation of RAD51B, XRCC3 and other homologous recombination genes is associated with expression of immune checkpoints and an inflammatory signature in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, lung and cervix. Oncotarget 28 27683114
2014 A miR-590/Acvr2a/Rad51b axis regulates DNA damage repair during mESC proliferation. Stem cell reports 27 25458897
1998 The human REC2/RAD51B gene acts as a DNA damage sensor by inducing G1 delay and hypersensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation. Cancer research 27 9788630
1994 Sequence of the rec-2 locus of Haemophilus influenzae: homologies to comE-ORF3 of Bacillus subtilis and msbA of Escherichia coli. Gene 27 8063112
2014 RAD51B plays an essential role during somatic and meiotic recombination in Physcomitrella. Nucleic acids research 26 25260587
2021 Germline RAD51B variants confer susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancers deficient in homologous recombination. NPJ breast cancer 25 34635660
2015 Polymorphisms of homologous recombination RAD51, RAD51B, XRCC2, and XRCC3 genes and the risk of prostate cancer. Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) 24 26339569
1989 Cloning of the rec-2 locus of Haemophilus influenzae. Gene 24 2542131
2000 HsRec2/Rad51L1, a protein influencing cell cycle progression, has protein kinase activity. Experimental cell research 23 10623463
2006 Rec2 interplay with both Brh2 and Rad51 balances recombinational repair in Ustilago maydis. Molecular and cellular biology 21 16382157
2016 RAD51B in Familial Breast Cancer. PloS one 20 27149063
1993 The effect of rec-2 on repeat-induced point-mutation (RIP) and recombination events that excise DNA sequence duplications at the his-3 locus in Neurospora crassa. Current genetics 17 8319308
1990 Isolation of the REC2 gene controlling recombination in Ustilago maydis. Gene 17 2269439
2009 Recombination activator function of the novel RAD51- and RAD51B-binding protein, human EVL. The Journal of biological chemistry 16 19329439
2014 RAD51B Activity and Cell Cycle Regulation in Response to DNA Damage in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Breast cancer : basic and clinical research 13 25368520
2015 Germline RAD51B truncating mutation in a family with cutaneous melanoma. Familial cancer 12 25600502
1998 Analysis of the human RAD51L1 promoter region and its activation by UV light. Genomics 12 9878257
1991 Extrachromosomal recombination is deranged in the rec2 mutant of Ustilago maydis. Genetics 12 1783291
2014 In-depth analyses unveil the association and possible functional involvement of novel RAD51B polymorphisms in age-related macular degeneration. Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 11 24526414
2010 Gamma-radiation sensitivity and polymorphisms in RAD51L1 modulate glioma risk. Carcinogenesis 11 20610542
2001 Intragenic breakpoint within RAD51L1 in a t(6;14)(p21.3;q24) of a pulmonary chondroid hamartoma. Cytogenetics and cell genetics 11 11978964
2023 Sarcomas With RAD51B Fusions Are Associated With a Heterogeneous Phenotype. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 10 38141829
2001 Disruptions of the Ustilago maydis REC2 gene identify a protein domain important in directing recombinational repair of DNA. Molecular microbiology 10 11442839
2001 Cumulative dosage effect of a RAD51L1/HMGA2 fusion and RAD51L1 loss in a case of pseudo-Meigs' syndrome. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 10 11746973
1997 A novel link between REC2, a DNA recombinase, the retinoblastoma protein, and apoptosis. The Journal of biological chemistry 10 9235941
2019 RAD51B (rs8017304 and rs2588809), TRIB1 (rs6987702, rs4351379, and rs4351376), COL8A1 (rs13095226), and COL10A1 (rs1064583) Gene Variants with Predisposition to Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Disease markers 9 31191752
2016 Genetic variants within microRNA-binding site of RAD51B are associated with risk of cervical cancer in Chinese women. Cancer medicine 9 27334422
2008 Germline mutations in RAD51, RAD51AP1, RAD51B, RAD51C,RAD51D, RAD52 and RAD54L do not contribute to familial chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia & lymphoma 9 18203022
2023 RAD51 and RAD51B Play Diverse Roles in the Repair of DNA Double Strand Breaks in Physcomitrium patens. Genes 8 36833232
2023 A pan-sarcoma landscape of telomeric content shows that alterations in RAD51B and GID4 are associated with higher telomeric content. NPJ genomic medicine 8 37709802
2022 A truncating variant of RAD51B associated with primary ovarian insufficiency provides insights into its meiotic and somatic functions. Cell death and differentiation 8 35624308
2021 Serum Levels of ARMS2, COL8A1, RAD51B, and VEGF and their Correlations in Age-related Macular Degeneration. Current neurovascular research 8 34060991
2017 Polymorphisms of RAD51B are associated with rheumatoid arthritis and erosion in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Scientific reports 8 28361912
2008 ERCC1 expression and RAD51B activity correlate with cell cycle response to platinum drug treatment not DNA repair. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 8 18575867
2023 A new compact adenine base editor generated through deletion of HNH and REC2 domain of SpCas9. BMC biology 7 37434184
2023 Uterine leiomyoma with RAD51B::NUDT3 fusion: a report of 2 cases. Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 7 37466765
2020 RAD51B Levels as a Potential Predictive Biomarker for PD-1 Blockade Response in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Journal of clinical medicine 7 32252414
2011 Mutation analysis of RAD51L1 (RAD51B/REC2) in multiple-case, non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families. Breast cancer research and treatment 6 21533530
2005 Nuclear localization of Rad51B is independent of Rad51C and BRCA2. Mutagenesis 6 15701685
2025 CRISPR-Cas12a REC2-Nuc interactions drive target-strand cleavage and constrain trans cleavage. Nucleic acids research 5 41063348
2022 RAD51B Harbors Germline Mutations Associated With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. JCO precision oncology 4 35737913
2024 An efficient AAV vector system of Rec2 serotype for intravenous injection to study metabolism in brown adipocytes in vivo. Molecular metabolism 3 39094948
2025 CD34-positive pleomorphic uterine sarcoma with NUDT3::RAD51B fusion. Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 2 40360859
2025 Extrauterine RAD51B -Rearranged Soft Tissue Tumors : A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Genetic Study of 10 Cases With Heterogeneous Morphology, Novel Fusions, and a Distinct Methylation Profile. The American journal of surgical pathology 2 41225720
2022 A Case Study of Clinical Response to Rucaparib in a Patient with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and a RAD51B Alteration. Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) 2 35735442
2022 The Association Between Breast Cancer and Blood-Based Methylation of CD160, ISYNA1 and RAD51B in the Chinese Population. Frontiers in genetics 2 35812748
2024 RAD51B-AS1 promotes the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer through upregulation of RAD51B. Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B 1 39011678
2023 Identification of a RAD51B enhancer variant for susceptibility and progression to glioma. Cancer cell international 1 37858068
2021 TBX15 rs98422, DNM3 rs1011731, RAD51B rs8017304, and rs2588809 Gene Polymorphisms and Associations With Pituitary Adenoma. In vivo (Athens, Greece) 1 33622874
2026 Epithelioid leiomyosarcoma harboring HMGA2::RAD51B fusion: expanding the spectrum of RAD51B-rearranged uterine sarcoma. Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 0 41618016
2025 CRISPR-Cas12a REC2 - NUC interactions drive target-strand cleavage and constrain trans cleavage. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 0 40196614
2025 RAD51B-EZH2 axis as a potential therapeutic target for TNBC through cell fate conversion. Cell death & disease 0 41318657
2024 Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Association between Treatment Efficacy and Single-Nucleotide Variants in RAD51B, TRIB1, COL8A1, COL10A1, IL-9, IL-10, and VEGFA Genes. International journal of molecular sciences 0 38999967

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