Affinage

POLR3G

DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC7 · UniProt O15318

Length
223 aa
Mass
25.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
77 papers in source corpus 11 papers cited in narrative 11 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 5/5 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

POLR3G encodes a subunit of one of two alternative isoforms of RNA polymerase III, functioning within the Pol III-specific three-subunit module (C31/C34/C82) required for transcription initiation on tRNA genes through interaction with the general initiation machinery; in yeast the orthologous C31 subunit is essential for initiation but not for non-specific transcription or termination/recycling, and it functionally interacts with the largest Pol III subunit C160 (PMID:7835345). POLR3G arose by gene duplication from POLR3GL in a vertebrate ancestor, and the two paralog-containing Pol III complexes occupy identical target genes genome-wide and are mutually substitutable, with their divergence resting at the level of transcriptional regulation rather than target-gene specificity—POLR3G expression is MYC-driven and enriched in dividing cells (PMID:24107381, PMID:32576691). POLR3G maintains pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells as a downstream target of OCT4 and NANOG, where its loss drives differentiation to all three germ layers, and it sustains a defined subset of the stem-cell transcriptome including protein-coding genes, lincRNAs, microRNAs, and snoRNAs (PMID:21898682, PMID:28494942). POLR3G is essential in development: its knockout causes very early embryonic lethality in mice, whereas the differentiation defect of POLR3G-null ESCs is rescued by exogenous POLR3GL (PMID:32576691). In cancer, POLR3G expression is driven by an internal super-enhancer bound by MYC, ZNF131, and ZNF207 and restrained by DNA methylation and MXD4, and it promotes invasiveness and metastasis in triple-negative breast and bladder cancer models via PI3K/AKT signaling (PMID:36497214, PMID:37933949, PMID:37894362).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 10 steps
  1. 1995 High

    Established that the C31 subunit (POLR3G ortholog) is a dedicated component of a Pol III-specific subcomplex required for the initiation step of tRNA gene transcription, distinguishing its role from general transcription and recycling.

    Evidence Genetic truncation mutagenesis and in vitro/in vivo transcription assays with defined initiation factors in S. cerevisiae, plus a suppressor overexpression screen

    PMID:7835345

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the C31-C160 interaction not resolved
    • Does not address the vertebrate-specific POLR3G/POLR3GL paralog divergence
  2. 2011 High

    Showed POLR3G is a transcriptional target of the core pluripotency factors OCT4/NANOG and is required to maintain the undifferentiated state, placing a Pol III subunit within the pluripotency regulatory network.

    Evidence Inducible shRNA knockdown in hESCs with differentiation assays, ERK1/2 pharmacological inhibition, and promoter regulation analysis

    PMID:21898682

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking a general Pol III subunit to a specific pluripotency program not defined
    • Whether the effect operates through Pol III catalytic output or a moonlighting role unclear
  3. 2013 High

    Resolved why two Pol III isoforms exist by showing POLR3G and POLR3GL complexes occupy the same genes in fixed proportions, locating their functional divergence in differential transcriptional regulation (MYC binds the POLR3G promoter) rather than target specificity.

    Evidence Genome-wide ChIP-seq for both isoforms and MYC promoter binding assays across cell lines

    PMID:24107381

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of isoform swap on individual genes not yet tested
    • Why dividing cells preferentially use POLR3G unexplained
  4. 2017 Medium

    Defined the breadth of the POLR3G-dependent transcriptome in pluripotent cells, showing it maintains expression of a specific gene subset across multiple RNA classes and identifying candidate effectors such as POLG.

    Evidence Deep sequencing of polyA+ and small RNA transcriptomes in POLR3G-knockdown hPSCs with splicing and promoter binding analysis

    PMID:28494942

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct versus indirect targets not fully separated
    • Single-lab transcriptomic study without orthogonal validation of effector genes
  5. 2019 Medium

    Demonstrated isoform-specific Pol III activity on distinct tRNA isoacceptors and a role for Polr3g in opposing terminal differentiation in a developmental (myogenic) context.

    Evidence Custom tRNA microarray and forced Polr3g overexpression with myogenic readouts in Xenopus

    PMID:31173763

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of isoacceptor selectivity unknown
    • Relevance to mammalian muscle not established
  6. 2020 High

    Established functional redundancy between the paralogs at the protein level while revealing distinct organismal requirements driven by differential developmental expression: POLR3G loss is embryonic lethal and POLR3GL can rescue the POLR3G-null ESC defect.

    Evidence Knockout mouse models, ESC differentiation rescue assays, in vitro transcription, and ChIP-seq

    PMID:32576691

    Open questions at the time
    • Basis of the early-embryonic essentiality not mechanistically dissected
    • What sets the stage-specific expression ratio remains unknown
  7. 2022 Medium

    Provided in vivo evidence that POLR3G drives the malignant phenotype, with knockout suppressing invasion and metastasis in a triple-negative breast cancer model and derepressing FOXA1 and androgen receptor.

    Evidence CRISPR knockout in TNBC cells with in vitro invasion assays and orthotopic xenografts

    PMID:36497214

    Open questions at the time
    • How a Pol III subunit controls FOXA1/AR expression not explained
    • EMT markers and proliferation were unchanged, leaving the invasion mechanism open
  8. 2023 Medium

    Identified the cis- and trans-regulatory architecture controlling oncogenic POLR3G expression and connected POLR3G to a defined pro-invasive signaling axis.

    Evidence Genomic chromatin survey with TF over/knockdown validation (ZNF131, ZNF207, MXD4); separate KD/OE bladder cancer study with PI3K/AKT pharmacological rescue (740Y-P, LY294002)

    PMID:37894362 PMID:37933949

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct link from Pol III transcriptional output to PI3K/AKT activation not established
    • Whether super-enhancer regulation operates in normal stem cells unclear
  9. 2023 Low

    Linked POLR3G to cancer stemness and chemoresistance through a miRNA regulatory input.

    Evidence miR-26a-5p overexpression with colony/sphere formation, paclitaxel co-treatment, and direct binding assay in lung cancer cells

    PMID:36949748

    Open questions at the time
    • Limited mechanistic depth on POLR3G itself beyond being a miRNA target
    • Single-lab functional study without independent confirmation
  10. 2024 Low

    Associated POLR3G with Wnt pathway activity in bladder cancer based on co-regulation of pathway components.

    Evidence POLR3G knockdown with RNA-seq enrichment and Western blot of Wnt5a/b, DVL2, LRP-6

    PMID:39039528

    Open questions at the time
    • No direct mechanistic link between POLR3G and Wnt components established
    • Correlative protein measurements only

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • It remains unknown how a shared, redundant Pol III catalytic subunit produces isoform-specific outputs that determine pluripotency, developmental essentiality, and cancer invasiveness.
  • No mechanism connecting Pol III transcriptional output to PI3K/AKT, Wnt, or FOXA1/AR regulation
  • Structural basis for POLR3G vs POLR3GL functional equivalence within Pol III not resolved
  • Determinants of the stage- and tissue-specific POLR3G/POLR3GL expression ratio unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140098 catalytic activity, acting on RNA 3
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 2
Pathway
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 3 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 2 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 2
Partners
MXD4MYCPOLR3GLZNF131ZNF207
Complex memberships
RNA polymerase III

Evidence

Reading pass · 11 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1995 The C31 subunit of yeast RNA polymerase III is part of a three-subunit complex (C31, C34, C82) specific to Pol III. A conditional truncation of the acidic C-terminus of C31 impairs transcription initiation of tRNA genes in the presence of general initiation factors (TFIIIB), but not non-specific transcription or termination/recycling. Overexpression of the largest Pol III subunit C160 suppresses the C31 C-terminal deletion, suggesting a functional interaction between C160 and C31. Genetic truncation/deletion mutagenesis in S. cerevisiae, in vivo tRNA transcription assay, in vitro transcription assay with/without initiation factors, suppressor overexpression screen The EMBO journal High 7835345
2013 POLR3G and POLR3GL arose from a DNA-based gene duplication in a common ancestor of vertebrates. Both POLR3G- and POLR3GL-containing Pol III complexes occupy the same target genes genome-wide in constant proportions within a cell line. POLR3G-containing Pol III is relatively more abundant in dividing cells. The POLR3G promoter (but not POLR3GL) binds the transcription factor MYC, indicating neo-functionalization at the level of transcriptional regulation rather than target-gene specificity. Genome-wide ChIP-seq for both Pol III isoforms, promoter binding assay for MYC, quantitative comparison in dividing vs. non-dividing cells Genome research High 24107381
2011 POLR3G is required for maintenance of pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Knockdown of POLR3G via inducible shRNA causes loss of pluripotency and promotes differentiation to all three germ layers without affecting apoptosis. POLR3G is a downstream transcriptional target of OCT4 and NANOG. POLR3G expression is regulated by the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Inducible shRNA lentiviral knockdown in hESCs, differentiation assays, overexpression experiments, pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2, reporter/ChIP analysis linking OCT4/NANOG to POLR3G promoter Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) High 21898682
2020 POLR3G- and POLR3GL-containing Pol III complexes bind the same target genes and perform the same functions both in vitro and in vivo. POLR3G can functionally substitute for POLR3GL and vice versa in vivo; a differentiation defect in POLR3G-knockout ESCs is rescued by exogenous POLR3GL expression. POLR3G knockout mice die at a very early embryonic stage, while POLR3GL knockout mice survive embryogenesis but die ~3 weeks after birth with growth and potential cerebellar neuronal defects, reflecting differential expression levels across developmental stages. Conditional and complete knockout mouse models, ESC differentiation rescue assay, in vitro transcription assays, ChIP-seq for target gene occupancy Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 32576691
2017 POLR3G regulates a specific subset of the hPSC transcriptome, including protein-coding genes, lincRNAs, microRNAs, and snoRNAs, and affects RNA splicing. The primary function of POLR3G is in maintenance rather than repression of transcription. Among direct POLR3G targets, POLG (mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma) is identified as potentially important for sustaining stem cell status. Deep-sequencing of polyA+ and smallRNA transcriptomes in POLR3G-knockdown hPSCs, bioinformatic analysis of splicing changes and promoter binding by pluripotency factors Stem cell reports Medium 28494942
2019 During skeletal muscle differentiation in Xenopus, the Polr3g isoform is expressed early in the myogenic lineage and its forced expression partially reverses myogenic differentiation. Pol III-dependent transcripts (including specific tRNA isoacceptors) are dramatically downregulated during skeletal muscle differentiation, with differential activity of Polr3g vs. Polr3gL isoforms on specific tRNA isoacceptors demonstrated by custom tRNA microarray. Custom tRNA microarray in Xenopus embryos and muscle differentiation models, forced Polr3g overexpression with myogenic differentiation readout, developmental expression profiling Developmental biology Medium 31173763
2022 POLR3G knockout in the MDA-MB231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line dramatically reduces anchorage-independent growth and invasive capabilities in vitro and impairs tumor growth and metastasis formation in orthotopic xenografts in mice. POLR3G KO induces expression of the pioneer transcription factor FOXA1 and androgen receptor in TNBC but does not alter EMT marker gene expression or proliferation. CRISPR/POLR3G KO in TNBC cell line, in vitro invasion/anchorage-independent growth assays, orthotopic xenograft mouse model, gene expression analysis Cancers Medium 36497214
2023 POLR3G promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasiveness of bladder cancer cells via activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. POLR3G knockdown reduces migration and invasion and downregulates mesenchymal markers; these effects are rescued by PI3K/AKT pathway activator 740Y-P, and POLR3G overexpression-enhanced invasion is blocked by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. POLR3G knockdown and overexpression in bladder cancer cell lines, in vitro migration/invasion assays, in vivo xenograft, PI3K inhibitor/activator pharmacological rescue experiments, Western blot of EMT markers FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Medium 37933949
2023 POLR3G expression in cancer is positively regulated by a gene-internal super-enhancer bound by multiple transcription factors including ZNF131, ZNF207, and MYC, and negatively regulated by gene-internal DNA methylation, retinoic-acid-induced differentiation, and MXD4. MXD4 likely disrupts MYC-driven POLR3G expression. Histone demethylase KDM5B is identified as a likely additional influencer of POLR3G gene activity. Genomic survey of mRNA and chromatin signatures; functional TF overexpression/knockdown experiments validating ZNF131, ZNF207, and MXD4 effects on POLR3G expression; chromatin architecture analysis Cancers Medium 37894362
2023 miR-26a-5p directly targets and downregulates POLR3G mRNA in lung cancer cells, suppressing cancer stemness (colony and sphere formation) and increasing chemosensitivity to paclitaxel. miR-26a-5p overexpression in lung cancer cell lines, colony and sphere formation assays, co-treatment with paclitaxel, luciferase or direct binding assay for miR-26a-5p targeting POLR3G Non-coding RNA research Low 36949748
2024 POLR3G knockdown in bladder cancer cells inhibits the Wnt signaling pathway, as evidenced by downregulation of Wnt5a/b, DVL2, LRP-6, and phosphorylated LRP-6, suggesting POLR3G influences bladder cancer cell behavior through Wnt signaling. POLR3G knockdown in bladder cancer cell lines, RNA sequencing with enrichment analysis, Western blotting for Wnt pathway components European journal of medical research Low 39039528

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 77 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1994 Prostate and mammary adenocarcinoma in transgenic mice carrying a rat C3(1) simian virus 40 large tumor antigen fusion gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 308 7972041
1991 Analysis of the integration function of the streptomycete bacteriophage phi C31. Journal of molecular biology 169 1762157
1972 Characterization of temperate actinophage phi C31 isolated from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Journal of virology 161 5014931
1989 Functional characterization of an androgen response element in the first intron of the C3(1) gene of prostatic binding protein. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 123 2818590
1982 The expression of Streptomyces and Escherichia coli drug-resistance determinants cloned into the Streptomyces phage phi C31. Gene 112 6292047
2002 The streptomyces genome contains multiple pseudo-attB sites for the (phi)C31-encoded site-specific recombination system. Journal of bacteriology 110 12270833
2006 Maternal transfer of complement components C3-1, C3-3, C3-4, C4, C5, C7, Bf, and Df to offspring in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Immunogenetics 93 16550351
1995 A mutation in the C31 subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA polymerase III affects transcription initiation. The EMBO journal 90 7835345
1985 New derivatives of the Streptomyces temperate phage phi C31 useful for the cloning and functional analysis of Streptomyces DNA. Gene 63 2989111
2006 Phi c31 integrase induces chromosomal aberrations in primary human fibroblasts. Gene therapy 62 16672982
2011 Consumption of high ω-3 fatty acid diet suppressed prostate tumorigenesis in C3(1) Tag mice. Carcinogenesis 59 22045025
1991 Structural analysis of the actinophage phi C31 attachment site. Nucleic acids research 58 1656389
2007 Breast cancer prevention by green tea catechins and black tea theaflavins in the C3(1) SV40 T,t antigen transgenic mouse model is accompanied by increased apoptosis and a decrease in oxidative DNA adducts. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 50 17407311
1993 Proteins interacting with an androgen-responsive unit in the C3(1) gene intron. Molecular and cellular endocrinology 47 8224520
2013 Gene duplication and neofunctionalization: POLR3G and POLR3GL. Genome research 46 24107381
2009 Mechanism of cytotoxicity mediated by the C31 fragment of the amyloid precursor protein. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 46 19679105
2020 A memory switch for plant synthetic biology based on the phage ϕC31 integration system. Nucleic acids research 42 32083668
1995 Morphology, histology, and ultrastructure of human C31 organ-cultured corneas. Cornea 42 7600815
2011 A novel role for an RNA polymerase III subunit POLR3G in regulating pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 41 21898682
2011 Dietary walnut suppressed mammary gland tumorigenesis in the C(3)1 TAg mouse. Nutrition and cancer 40 21774594
2002 Synthesis and evaluation of indenopyrazoles as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. 3. Structure activity relationships at C3(1,2). Journal of medicinal chemistry 40 12431051
2012 Gated rotation mechanism of site-specific recombination by ϕC31 integrase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 39 23150546
1988 The repressor gene (c) of the Streptomyces temperate phage phi c31: nucleotide sequence, analysis and functional cloning. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 34 3185504
1995 Two genes involved in the phase-variable phi C31 resistance mechanism of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Journal of bacteriology 32 7642495
1983 The restriction mapping of c gene deletions in Streptomyces bacteriophage phi C31 and their use in cloning vector development. Gene 32 6307817
2020 Functions of paralogous RNA polymerase III subunits POLR3G and POLR3GL in mouse development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 27 32576691
2014 Inactivation of Streptomyces phage ɸC31 by 405 nm light: Requirement for exogenous photosensitizers? Bacteriophage 27 25101216
1991 Construction and transduction of a shuttle vector bearing the cos site of Streptomyces phage phi C31 and determination of its cohesive ends. FEMS microbiology letters 27 2040440
1981 Restriction mapping of the DNA of the Streptomyces temperate phage phi C31 and its derivatives. Gene 27 6269960
2001 Glycosylation of a Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) cell envelope protein is required for infection by bacteriophage phi C31. Molecular microbiology 24 11532128
2023 POLR3G promotes EMT via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in bladder cancer. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 23 37933949
1981 Dispensable sequences and packaging constraints of DNA from the Streptomyces temperate phage phi C31. Gene 23 6271645
2017 RNA Polymerase III Subunit POLR3G Regulates Specific Subsets of PolyA+ and SmallRNA Transcriptomes and Splicing in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem cell reports 19 28494942
2016 The mechanism of ϕC31 integrase directionality: experimental analysis and computational modelling. Nucleic acids research 19 27387286
1993 Genetic analysis of the phi C31-specific phage growth limitation (Pgl) system of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Molecular microbiology 19 8446035
1991 Three in-frame N-terminally different proteins are produced from the repressor locus of the Streptomyces bacteriophage phi C31. Molecular microbiology 19 1779769
2019 C30 and C31 Triterpenoids and Triterpene Sugar Esters with Cytotoxic Activities from Edible Mushroom Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw. Ex Fr.) Krast. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 18 31469960
2013 FK506 maturation involves a cytochrome p450 protein-catalyzed four-electron C-9 oxidation in parallel with a C-31 O-methylation. Journal of bacteriology 18 23435975
2022 The POLR3G Subunit of Human RNA Polymerase III Regulates Tumorigenesis and Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers 16 36497214
2018 Recombination directionality factor gp3 binds ϕC31 integrase via the zinc domain, potentially affecting the trajectory of the coiled-coil motif. Nucleic acids research 16 29228292
2018 Lanostane-type C31 triterpenoid derivatives from the fruiting bodies of cultivated Fomitopsis palustris. Phytochemistry 16 29715599
2002 A gene encoding a homologue of dolichol phosphate-beta-D-mannose synthase is required for infection of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) by phage (phi)C31. Journal of bacteriology 16 12374845
1995 Control of lytic development in the Streptomyces temperate phage phi C31. Molecular microbiology 16 7651131
2018 Protein Phosphatase 1-Targeting Small-Molecule C31 Inhibits Ebola Virus Replication. The Journal of infectious diseases 15 30169869
2016 Single-molecule analysis of ϕC31 integrase-mediated site-specific recombination by tethered particle motion. Nucleic acids research 15 27986956
2007 Development of an access route to the c31-c52 central core of amphidinol 3. Organic letters 15 17249800
1986 Characteristics of the developmental cycle of actinophage phi C31. Journal of general microbiology 15 3806054
2019 Control of ϕC31 integrase-mediated site-specific recombination by protein trans-splicing. Nucleic acids research 14 31667500
1982 Sequence organization of a viral DNA insertion present in the adenovirus-type-5-transformed hamster line BHK268-C31. Gene 14 7106562
2023 Regulating POLR3G by MicroRNA-26a-5p as a promising therapeutic target of lung cancer stemness and chemosensitivity. Non-coding RNA research 13 36949748
1998 Altered expression of transforming growth factor betas during urethral and bulbourethral gland tumor progression in transgenic mice carrying the androgen-responsive C3(1) 5' flanking region fused to SV40 large T antigen. Carcinogenesis 13 9472712
1992 Global transcription pattern of phi C31 after induction of a Streptomyces coelicolor lysogen at different growth stages. Journal of general microbiology 13 1479345
1989 Transcriptional analysis of the repressor gene of the temperate Streptomyces phage phi C31. Gene 13 2628169
1994 Sequence of the essential early region of phi C31, a temperate phage of Streptomyces spp. with unusual features in its lytic development. Gene 12 8088546
1993 Multiple novel promoters from the early region in the Streptomyces temperate phage phi C31 are activated during lytic development. Molecular microbiology 12 7934940
1992 Transcription map of the early region of the Streptomyces bacteriophage phi C31. Gene 11 1452040
1990 Induction of a phi C31 prophage inhibits rRNA transcription in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Molecular microbiology 11 1708439
2023 APP-C31: An Intracellular Promoter of Both Metal-Free and Metal-Bound Amyloid-β40 Aggregation and Toxicity in Alzheimer's Disease. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 10 37949680
2019 Skeletal muscle differentiation drives a dramatic downregulation of RNA polymerase III activity and differential expression of Polr3g isoforms. Developmental biology 10 31173763
2010 Gene targeting for O-methyltransferase genes, mycE and mycF, on the chromosome of Micromonospora griseorubida producing mycinamicin with a disruption cassette containing the bacteriophage phi C31 attB attachment site. FEMS microbiology letters 10 20158522
2023 RNA polymerase III transcription and cancer: A tale of two RPC7 subunits. Frontiers in molecular biosciences 8 36710885
2009 Optimization of Streptomyces bacteriophage phi C31 integrase system to prevent post integrative gene silencing in pulmonary type II cells. Experimental & molecular medicine 7 19745601
2009 Intramolecular integration assay validates integrase phi C31 and R4 potential in a variety of insect cells. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health 7 20578458
2024 Variable orthogonality of serine integrase interactions within the ϕC31 family. Scientific reports 6 39487291
2005 C31 enhances voltage-gated calcium channel currents in undifferentiated PC12 cells. Neuroscience letters 5 15911130
1981 [Genetic mapping and characteristics of the actinophage phi C31 deletion mutants of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) incapable of lysogenization]. Genetika 5 6947925
2023 A Combinatorial Regulatory Platform Determines Expression of RNA Polymerase III Subunit RPC7α (POLR3G) in Cancer. Cancers 4 37894362
2022 Mammary Tumor Growth and Proliferation Are Dependent on Growth Hormone in Female SV40 C3(1) T-Antigen Mice. Endocrinology 4 36269749
2021 Maternal fish oil consumption has a negative impact on mammary gland tumorigenesis in C3(1) Tag mice offspring. European journal of nutrition 4 33817748
2024 Variable orthogonality of RDF - large serine integrase interactions within the ϕC31 family. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2 38617232
2024 The upregulation of POLR3G correlates with increased malignancy of bladder urothelium. European journal of medical research 1 39039528
1994 [Actinomycete plasmid and integrative vectors based on DNA of the temperate Phi C31 actinophage, determining limitation of lytic development of phage Phi C31, not dependent on repressor]. Antibiotiki i khimioterapiia = Antibiotics and chemoterapy [sic] 1 7857157
2026 APP-C31 pathology as a target in neurodegenerative diseases. Journal of biomedical science 0 41639863
2024 NMI, POLR3G and APIP are the key molecules connecting glaucoma with high intraocular pressure: a clue for early diagnostic biomarker candidates. International journal of ophthalmology 0 39559319
1988 The effect of rifampicin on the development of the Streptomyces bacteriophage phi C31. Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) 0 3270545
1982 [Physical mapping of actinophage Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). VI. The use of deletion mutants of actinophage phi C31 for construction of phage vectors]. Molekuliarnaia biologiia 0 6289084
1982 [Extraction and freeze-drying of herpes virus C3-1 isolated from turkeys]. Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki 0 6291223

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