Affinage

PNN

Pinin · UniProt Q9H307

Length
717 aa
Mass
81.6 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
41 papers in source corpus 15 papers cited in narrative 15 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

PNN (Pinin/DRS/memA) is a nuclear speckle-associated phosphoprotein that functions as a central coordinator of pre-mRNA alternative splicing and transcriptional regulation in epithelial identity and cell survival. PNN associates with spliced mRNPs through interaction with the exon-junction complex component RNPS1 and SR-family proteins (SRp75, SRm300, SRSF1, ESRP1), controlling epithelial-specific alternative splicing of both coding and non-coding transcripts, and its depletion shifts SRSF1-dependent splicing toward pro-apoptotic isoforms (Bcl-xS, ICAD), causing apoptosis and embryonic lethality in knockout mice (PMID:14517304, PMID:14578391, PMID:22454513, PMID:23299472). PNN also participates in transcription-coupled splicing by interacting with CtBP1 and RNA Polymerase II at the E-cadherin promoter, relieving CtBP1-mediated repression and coordinating chromatin remodeling with co-transcriptional mRNA processing (PMID:15542832, PMID:18086895). Conditional loss of PNN in corneal epithelium disrupts epithelial differentiation with squamous metaplasia and deregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, while at cell boundaries PNN stabilizes desmosome–intermediate filament connections, and its dynamic redistribution from desmosomes is required for epithelial migration during wound healing (PMID:10798648, PMID:15735603, PMID:19892877).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 1999 Low

    Establishing PNN as a nuclear protein with structural motifs and association with splicing machinery provided the initial molecular framework, showing it localizes to nucleoplasm and U2-snRNP structures rather than being exclusively a desmosomal component.

    Evidence Subtractive hybridization, sequence analysis, and expression profiling across melanoma cell lines

    PMID:10095061

    Open questions at the time
    • No direct functional data; expression correlation only without mechanistic experiments
    • Relationship between nuclear PNN and previously described desmosomal localization unresolved
  2. 2000 High

    Two parallel discoveries defined PNN's dual biology: at desmosomes, PNN dynamically redistributes away from cell junctions upon wounding and its overexpression locks cells into a hyper-adhesive, migration-resistant state; at the genomic level, PNN maps to a tumor suppressor locus on 14q13, and its re-expression suppresses anchorage-independent growth.

    Evidence Immunofluorescence/immunoelectron microscopy of wounded corneas with migration assay; FISH mapping, soft agar colony formation assay, and CpG methylation analysis

    PMID:10645008 PMID:10798648

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism connecting desmosomal PNN redistribution to nuclear functions unknown
    • Whether tumor suppression is mediated by adhesion or splicing functions not distinguished
  3. 2003 High

    Biochemical dissection revealed PNN as a component of spliced mRNP complexes: it binds spliced mRNA upstream of exon-exon junctions via interaction with RNPS1, interacts with SR proteins SRp75/SRm300/SRrp130 through its RS motif, and is nuclear-restricted, establishing PNN as a bona fide mRNA processing factor in nuclear speckles.

    Evidence mRNP immunoprecipitation with RNase H mapping, heterokaryon assay, yeast two-hybrid with co-IP and domain mapping

    PMID:14517304 PMID:14578391

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct RNA-binding activity versus indirect RNA association through protein partners not resolved
    • Whether PNN has catalytic roles in splicing or acts purely as a scaffold unclear
  4. 2004 High

    The connection between PNN and transcriptional regulation was established by showing PNN physically interacts with corepressor CtBP1 and relieves CtBP1-mediated repression of the E-cadherin promoter, linking PNN to epithelial gene transcription.

    Evidence In vitro pull-down, reciprocal co-IP, E-cadherin promoter reporter assay, RNAi

    PMID:15542832

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PNN-CtBP1 interaction regulates targets beyond E-cadherin not examined
    • Structural basis of PNN-CtBP1 interaction unknown
  5. 2005 High

    Functional loss-of-function studies showed PNN is required for maintaining the entire epithelial adhesion program: its knockdown caused coordinated loss of E-cadherin, desmoglein, desmoplakin, and ZO-1, along with disrupted keratin anchorage and altered SR protein distribution, demonstrating PNN integrates splicing regulation with cell adhesion.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown in corneal epithelial cells with rescue by mutated PNN construct

    PMID:15735603

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether adhesion molecule downregulation results from transcriptional, splicing, or mRNA stability changes not dissected
  6. 2007 High

    The mechanism linking PNN's transcriptional and splicing functions was unified: CtBP recruits PNN to chromatin where PNN promotes chromatin remodeling at the E-cadherin locus, and both proteins differentially modulate E-cadherin mRNA splicing through RNA Pol II, establishing a transcription-coupled splicing mechanism.

    Evidence Chromatin immunoprecipitation, co-IP with RNA Pol II, mRNA splicing analysis

    PMID:18086895

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PNN engages the Pol II CTD directly or through intermediary SR proteins not determined
    • Genome-wide extent of PNN-dependent co-transcriptional splicing unknown at this point
  7. 2009 High

    In vivo conditional knockout demonstrated PNN is essential for corneal epithelial differentiation: its loss caused squamous metaplasia with aberrant keratin expression and deregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling (elevated β-catenin/Tcf4), revealing PNN restrains β-catenin activity in epithelial fate maintenance.

    Evidence Pax6-Cre conditional knockout mouse, immunohistochemistry for keratins, β-catenin, Tcf4, p68

    PMID:19892877

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PNN regulates β-catenin through splicing of Wnt pathway components or via direct protein interaction not resolved
    • Role of p68 RNA helicase dysregulation in the phenotype not fully characterized
  8. 2012 High

    The molecular pathway from PNN to cell survival was delineated: PNN depletion reduces SRSF1 levels, shifting Bcl-x splicing toward pro-apoptotic Bcl-xS and altering ICAD splicing; SRSF1 overexpression rescues both splicing and apoptosis, and PNN knockout is embryonic lethal, placing PNN-SRSF1 axis as essential for cell viability.

    Evidence RNAi in MCF-7 cells, RT-PCR splicing analysis, epistatic rescue by SRSF1 overexpression, constitutive Pnn knockout mouse

    PMID:22454513

    Open questions at the time
    • How PNN maintains SRSF1 protein levels (transcriptional vs. post-transcriptional) unknown
    • Whether embryonic lethality is due to apoptosis specifically or broader developmental splicing failure not determined
  9. 2013 High

    Genome-wide splicing analysis revealed PNN controls alternative splicing of a specific epithelial gene subset (including PAX6(5a), FOXJ3, ARHGEF11) partially overlapping with but distinct from ESRP1 targets, and PNN physically associates with ESRP1, establishing a cooperative splicing regulatory network for epithelial identity.

    Evidence Co-IP, deconvolution microscopy, inducible shRNA with whole-transcriptome exon array, RT-PCR validation

    PMID:23299472

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PNN and ESRP1 bind the same RNA targets simultaneously or regulate distinct events independently not resolved
    • Direct RNA targets of PNN (CLIP-seq) not identified
  10. 2014 Medium

    PNN's splicing regulatory role was extended to non-coding RNA: PNN depletion alters alternative splicing of specific lncRNAs including HAS2-AS1, demonstrating PNN influences the non-coding transcriptome.

    Evidence RT-PCR of splice variants in PNN-knockdown cells and Pnn-KO mouse corneas, in situ hybridization

    PMID:25489234

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequences of lncRNA splice variant changes not determined
    • Whether lncRNA splicing regulation is direct or secondary to PNN effects on the spliceosome not established
  11. 2017 Medium

    PNN was identified as a regulator of pluripotency through spliceosome assembly: PNN interacts with core snRNP components SNRPA1 and SNRPD1 in pluripotent stem cells, and its depletion blocks iPSC generation, extending PNN's role beyond epithelial contexts.

    Evidence Co-IP, co-localization in nuclear speckles, shRNA knockdown with pluripotency assays during reprogramming

    PMID:28595116

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PNN controls a pluripotency-specific splicing program or general spliceosome integrity not distinguished
    • Independent replication in other reprogramming systems lacking
  12. 2022 Medium

    Neuron-specific PNN function was characterized: conditional neuronal Pnn deletion increases oxidative stress, shifts SRSF1/SRSF2 balance, elevates DNA damage, and exacerbates ischemic brain injury, extending the PNN-SRSF1 axis to neuroprotection.

    Evidence Inducible neuron-specific conditional knockout mouse, MCAO ischemia model, Western blot, immunofluorescence

    PMID:35326115

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific splicing targets in neurons mediating oxidative stress sensitivity not identified
    • Whether cytoplasmic PNN translocation during ischemia has a distinct function from nuclear PNN unknown

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include: whether PNN directly contacts RNA, its structural basis for SR-protein and CtBP interactions, the complete catalog of PNN-dependent splicing events genome-wide (via CLIP-seq), and how PNN's desmosomal and nuclear functions are coordinated during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions.
  • No CLIP-seq or direct RNA-binding data available
  • No structural information for PNN or its complexes
  • Mechanism coordinating desmosomal redistribution with nuclear splicing function unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 3 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm 5 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 2
Pathway
R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 6 R-HSA-1500931 Cell-Cell communication 2 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 2 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 1 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 1
Partners
CTBP1ESRP1RNPS1SNRPA1SNRPD1SRSF1SRSF6
Complex memberships
CtBP1 corepressor complexexon junction complex (EJC)-associated mRNP

Evidence

Reading pass · 15 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2004 PNN (Pinn/DRS) physically interacts with the transcriptional corepressor CtBP1 via in vitro pull-down and in vivo co-immunoprecipitation, and this interaction relieves CtBP1-mediated repression of the E-cadherin promoter, indicating PNN can modulate CtBP1 transcriptional repressor activity. In vitro pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, overexpression and RNAi experiments, E-cadherin promoter reporter assay Molecular and cellular biology High 15542832
2003 PNN associates preferentially with spliced mRNAs (not unspliced pre-mRNA) at a position immediately upstream of the splice junction, interacts with the exon-exon junction complex component RNPS1, and participates in mRNA splicing and nuclear export; PNN is nuclear-restricted as shown by heterokaryon assay, and overexpression of its N-terminal RNPS1-binding fragment blocks pre-mRNA splicing. Immunoprecipitation of mRNPs, oligonucleotide-directed RNase H digestion, heterokaryon assay, overexpression/knockdown with poly(A)+ RNA nuclear export assay Molecular and cellular biology High 14517304
2003 PNN interacts with SR proteins SRp75, SRm300, and the novel SR-rich protein SRrp130 via its polyserine/RS motif, as demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, and co-localization in nuclear speckles of corneal epithelial cells, suggesting PNN is part of a multiprotein complex involved in pre-mRNA processing. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, co-immunostaining, domain mapping Investigative ophthalmology & visual science High 14578391
2007 CtBP recruits PNN to CtBP-associated chromatin complexes, resulting in PNN-dependent chromatin remodeling at the E-cadherin promoter; additionally, CtBP and PNN differentially modulate E-cadherin mRNA splicing with RNA Polymerase II serving as an interface, establishing a transcription-coupled mRNA splicing mechanism. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation, mRNA splicing analysis, RNA Pol II interaction assays Molecular and cellular biology High 18086895
2012 PNN depletion causes cellular apoptosis through SRSF1-mediated alternative splicing changes: loss of PNN reduces SRSF1 levels, which shifts splicing of Bcl-x toward pro-apoptotic Bcl-xS and alters ICAD splicing; overexpression of SRSF1 rescues apoptosis and restores Bcl-xL and functionless ICAD production. PNN knockout in mice results in early embryonic lethality. RNAi knockdown in MCF-7 cells, RT-PCR for alternative splicing, rescue by SRSF1 overexpression, mouse knockout Journal of cell science High 22454513
2005 RNAi-mediated knockdown of PNN in human corneal epithelial cells leads to loss of cell-cell adhesion, downregulation of E-cadherin, desmoglein, desmoplakin, ZO-1, and keratin anchorage to desmosomes, altered SR protein distribution, and cell escape from the epithelium; rescue with a conservatively mutated PNN construct confirms specificity. shRNAi knockdown, Western blot, immunofluorescence, rescue experiment with mutated PNN construct Molecular vision High 15735603
2000 Pinin localizes at or near the desmosome in quiescent corneal epithelial cells, and its association with desmosomes is greatly reduced within 2 hours of wounding while desmoplakin remains cell boundary-associated; overexpression of PNN inhibits epithelial cell migration after wounding, driving cells to a hyperstable adhesive state. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of wounded corneas, transfection of full-length PNN cDNA with migration assay Investigative ophthalmology & visual science High 10798648
2009 Conditional inactivation of Pnn in the developing surface eye ectoderm (Pax6-Cre) causes loss of corneal epithelial identity (loss of K12, ectopic K10/K14), squamous metaplasia correlated with elevated β-catenin activity and Tcf4 levels, and misregulated p68 RNA helicase, demonstrating PNN is required for corneal epithelial differentiation and modulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Conditional knockout mouse (Cre-lox), histology, immunohistochemistry for keratins, β-catenin, Tcf4, p68 Investigative ophthalmology & visual science High 19892877
2013 PNN and ESRP1 physically associate in protein complexes and co-localize in/around nuclear speckles in corneal epithelial cells; genome-wide transcriptome array analysis reveals that PNN knockdown alters alternative splicing of a specific subset of genes (including PAX6(5a), FOXJ3, ARHGEF11, SLC37A2) regulating epithelial morphology and movement, distinct from but overlapping with ESRP1-regulated targets. Co-immunoprecipitation, deconvolution microscopy, inducible shRNA knockdown, whole-transcriptome array, RT-PCR validation Investigative ophthalmology & visual science High 23299472
2017 PNN is upregulated during early reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSCs; PNN co-localizes with spliceosomal components in pluripotent stem cell nuclear speckles, physically interacts with SNRPA1 and SNRPD1, and its depletion causes pronounced loss of pluripotency and blocks hiPS generation, establishing PNN as a key regulator of pluripotency-specific spliceosome assembly. Gene expression profiling, interaction network analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, co-localization, shRNA knockdown with pluripotency assays Stem cell research Medium 28595116
2014 PNN regulates alternative splicing of a specific subset of long non-coding RNAs (including Has2as/HAS2-AS1 and RP11-series lncRNAs) in corneal epithelial cells, as shown by RT-PCR quantification of splice variants in PNN knockdown HCET cells and Pnn-deficient mouse corneas, with lncRNA splice variant localization confirmed by in situ hybridization. RT-PCR, in situ hybridization with variant-specific probes, Pnn knockout mouse cornea, shRNA knockdown Molecular vision Medium 25489234
2000 The PNN gene locus maps to chromosome 14q13 within a known tumor suppressor locus (D14S75-D14S288); re-expression of full-length PNN cDNA in J82 and EcR-293 cells inhibits anchorage-independent growth; PNN CpG island methylation correlates with reduced expression in tumor tissues. FISH, Northern blot, soft agar anchorage-independent growth assay, methylation analysis Oncogene Medium 10645008
2022 Neuron-specific Pnn deficiency in mice increases oxidative stress markers (elevated NOX-1, NOX-2, oxidized proteins), alters SRSF1/SRSF2 balance (reduced SRSF1, increased SRSF2), increases DNA damage marker p53bp1, and exacerbates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (larger infarct, elevated pro-apoptotic proteins) following MCAO. Inducible neuron-specific conditional knockout mouse, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), Western blot, immunofluorescence Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Medium 35326115
2020 In neurons under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), PNN expression increases during OGD and decreases during reoxygenation, with cytoplasmic translocation of PNN observed (nuclear-to-cytoplasmic redistribution); in astrocytes, PNN expression decreases during OGD and increases during reoxygenation without cytoplasmic translocation, indicating cell-type-specific responses to ischemic stress. Primary cultured rat neurons and astrocytes with OGD, MCAO mouse model, immunofluorescence, Western blot Brain sciences Medium 33027948
1999 The memA/DRS protein (PNN) is identical to a 160 kDa nuclear protein found in the nucleoplasm and in U2-snRNP structures, contains three coiled-coil domains and a glycine loop domain, and is elevated in highly metastasizing human melanoma cell lines compared to non-metastasizing ones. Subtractive hybridization, sequence analysis, expression analysis across cell lines Biochimica et biophysica acta Low 10095061

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 41 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2020 RNA-Seq Profiling of Serum Exosomal Circular RNAs Reveals Circ-PNN as a Potential Biomarker for Human Colorectal Cancer. Frontiers in oncology 86 32626660
2014 Catalytic mechanisms of direct pyrrole synthesis via dehydrogenative coupling mediated by PNP-Ir or PNN-Ru pincer complexes: crucial role of proton-transfer shuttles in the PNP-Ir system. Journal of the American Chemical Society 71 24611673
2004 Nuclear speckle-associated protein Pnn/DRS binds to the transcriptional corepressor CtBP and relieves CtBP-mediated repression of the E-cadherin gene. Molecular and cellular biology 63 15542832
2003 Nuclear Pnn/DRS protein binds to spliced mRNPs and participates in mRNA processing and export via interaction with RNPS1. Molecular and cellular biology 60 14517304
2003 Pinin/DRS/memA interacts with SRp75, SRm300 and SRrp130 in corneal epithelial cells. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 52 14578391
2000 Characterization of the gene encoding pinin/DRS/memA and evidence for its potential tumor suppressor function. Oncogene 40 10645008
2009 Tumor classification by combining PNN classifier ensemble with neighborhood rough set based gene reduction. Computers in biology and medicine 39 20044083
2005 Reduction of Pnn by RNAi induces loss of cell-cell adhesion between human corneal epithelial cells. Molecular vision 36 15735603
2000 Role of cell adhesion-associated protein, pinin (DRS/memA), in corneal epithelial migration. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 36 10798648
2011 Insights into dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols and amines catalyzed by a (PNN)-Ru(II) hydride complex: unusual metal-ligand cooperation. Inorganic chemistry 33 21942421
2012 Loss of Pnn expression results in mouse early embryonic lethality and cellular apoptosis through SRSF1-mediated alternative expression of Bcl-xS and ICAD. Journal of cell science 32 22454513
2019 RNA sequencing reveals PNN and KCNQ1OT1 as predictive biomarkers of clinical outcome in stage III colorectal cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. International journal of cancer 31 30973654
2017 The unique spliceosome signature of human pluripotent stem cells is mediated by SNRPA1, SNRPD1, and PNN. Stem cell research 26 28595116
2009 Disruption of mouse corneal epithelial differentiation by conditional inactivation of pnn. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 26 19892877
2006 PNN-curve: a new 2D graphical representation of DNA sequences and its application. Journal of theoretical biology 26 16945387
2019 Neuronal Pentraxin 2 Binds PNNs and Enhances PNN Formation. Neural plasticity 25 31772567
2014 Role of Pnn in alternative splicing of a specific subset of lncRNAs of the corneal epithelium. Molecular vision 19 25489234
2013 Transcriptomic analysis of PNN- and ESRP1-regulated alternative pre-mRNA splicing in human corneal epithelial cells. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 16 23299472
2007 Corepressor CtBP and nuclear speckle protein Pnn/DRS differentially modulate transcription and splicing of the E-cadherin gene. Molecular and cellular biology 16 18086895
2010 Mechanism for the light-induced O(2) evolution from H(2)O promoted by Ru(II) PNN complex: A DFT study. The journal of physical chemistry. A 15 20804156
1999 memA/DRS, a putative mediator of multiprotein complexes, is overexpressed in the metastasizing human melanoma cell lines BLM and MV3. Biochimica et biophysica acta 14 10095061
2021 Hsa_circ_0032463 acts as the tumor promoter in osteosarcoma by regulating the miR‑330‑3p/PNN axis. International journal of molecular medicine 13 33786605
2022 Neuronal Pnn Deficiency Increases Oxidative Stress and Exacerbates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 12 35326115
2020 Novel nickel(II), palladium(II), and platinum(II) complexes having a pyrrolyl-iminophosphine (PNN) pincer: Synthesis, crystal structures, and cytotoxic activity. Journal of inorganic biochemistry 12 32032825
2022 DNN-PNN: A parallel deep neural network model to improve anticancer drug sensitivity. Methods (San Diego, Calif.) 11 36410694
2021 The role and regulation of Pnn in proliferative and non-dividing cells: Form embryogenesis to pathogenesis. Biochemical pharmacology 9 34237338
2021 Ascendancy of Nitrogen Heterocycles in the Computationally Designed Mn(I)PNN Pincer Catalysts on the Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol. Inorganic chemistry 9 34714058
2020 PNN and KCNQ1OT1 Can Predict the Efficacy of Adjuvant Fluoropyrimidine-Based Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Oncology research 9 33208224
2024 Identification of a Novel miR-195-5p/PNN Axis in Colorectal Cancer. International journal of molecular sciences 7 38892168
2023 The Mechanism of Markovnikov-Selective Epoxide Hydrogenolysis Catalyzed by Ruthenium PNN and PNP Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 7 36937786
2022 The Signature of Moderate Perinatal Hypoxia on Cortical Organization and Behavior: Altered PNN-Parvalbumin Interneuron Connectivity of the Cingulate Circuitries. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 7 35295859
2011 Pnn and SR family proteins are differentially expressed in mouse central nervous system. Histochemistry and cell biology 7 21437620
2024 Decreased extrasynaptic δ-GABAA receptors in PNN-associated parvalbumin interneurons correlates with anxiety in APP and tau mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. British journal of pharmacology 6 38886118
2014 Classification of ovary abnormality using the probabilistic neural network (PNN). Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine 5 25335972
2023 Zinc-a2-Glycoprotein Acts as a Component of PNN to Protect Hippocampal Neurons from Apoptosis. Molecular neurobiology 4 38001359
2020 Expression and Distribution Pattern of Pnn in Ischemic Cerebral Cortex and Cultured Neural Cells Exposed to Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation. Brain sciences 3 33027948
2016 In silico investigation of agonist activity of a structurally diverse set of drugs to hPXR using HM-BSM and HM-PNN. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Medical sciences = Hua zhong ke ji da xue xue bao. Yi xue Ying De wen ban = Huazhong keji daxue xuebao. Yixue Yingdewen ban 3 27376821
2024 ZC3H13 may participate in the ferroptosis process of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by regulating the expression of Pnn and Rbm25. Gene 2 39284557
2022 High-Throughput Microenvironment Microarray (MEMA) High-Resolution Imaging. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 1 35094321
2026 Band Gap Tuneability in Antiperovskite-Based Nitrides AE3PnN and Imides AE5Pn2(NH)2 (AE = Ca, Sr; Pn = As, Sb, Bi). Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) 0 41919461
2021 A 0.3 V PNN Based 10T SRAM with Pulse Control Based Read-Assist and Write Data-Aware Schemes for Low Power Applications. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 0 34640911