Affinage

PIGR

Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor · UniProt P01833

Length
764 aa
Mass
83.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
78 papers in source corpus 19 papers cited in narrative 19 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

PIGR (polymeric immunoglobulin receptor) is a transmembrane epithelial receptor that mediates basolateral-to-apical transcytosis of polymeric immunoglobulins to generate mucosal secretory immunity (PMID:9767462, PMID:20525015). Recognition of polymeric IgA requires the J chain, as J-chain-lacking tetrameric IgA fails to bind secretory component and is not transcytosed in either polarized epithelial cells or rat bile (PMID:9767462). During transport, pIgA-loaded receptor traffics unidirectionally through EEA1-positive early endosomes and Rab11a-positive recycling endosomes along intact microtubules (PMID:20525015), a route that depends on the Rab11 effectors Rab11-FIP1 and Rab11-FIP5; these effectors are activated by TRIM21-mediated K11- and K6-linked polyubiquitination to drive efficient transcytosis (PMID:34638806). Ligand binding to human pIgR triggers IP3 production and phospholipase-C activation, but human pIgR transcytosis is uncoupled from this signal owing to reduced sensitivity to intracellular calcium, in contrast to rabbit and rat receptors; PKC activation accelerates transport in both (PMID:11169207). pIgR expression is the predominant function of airway secretory (club/goblet) cells and is controlled by multiple inputs including TGF-β acting through a redox-sensitive p38 MAPK pathway, retinoic acid (required for cytokine-driven induction), and prolactin combined with glucocorticoids (PMID:35687143, PMID:20706611, PMID:9649586, PMID:12047104). Physiologically, hepatocyte pIgR secretes IgA into bile and intestine to restrain bacterial translocation and prevent ethanol-induced liver disease (PMID:36690432). Beyond transport, pIgR is exploited as a receptor: Streptococcus pneumoniae adhesins RrgA and PspC bind pIgR on blood-brain barrier endothelium to enable brain invasion (PMID:24841255, PMID:28515075), and SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 binds pIgR directly to downregulate it and impair immunoglobulin binding (PMID:39066171). In disease contexts, extracellular-vesicle pIgR promotes hepatocellular carcinoma stemness via PDK1/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling (PMID:34922977), and hematopoietic-cell pIgR contributes to abdominal aortic aneurysm progression through macrophage infiltration (PMID:40624587).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 18 steps
  1. 1997 Medium

    Established that pIgR expression in epithelia is subject to negative regulation by neighboring stroma, defining a microenvironmental control layer.

    Evidence Co-culture and conditioned-supernatant transfer between rat uterine stromal and epithelial cells

    PMID:9234210

    Open questions at the time
    • Soluble suppressive factor not molecularly identified
    • Mechanism of suppression not defined
  2. 1998 High

    Resolved the ligand-recognition requirement, showing the J chain is essential for polymeric IgA binding and transcytosis rather than IgA polymerization alone.

    Evidence In vitro SC-binding, in vivo rat bile transport, and polarized MDCK transcytosis with J-chain-positive vs J-chain-lacking pIgA

    PMID:9767462

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of J-chain/SC contact not resolved
    • Does not address IgM binding determinants
  3. 1998 Medium

    Identified retinoic acid as a required cofactor for cytokine-driven pIgR upregulation, linking vitamin A status to mucosal immunity.

    Evidence Vitamin A depletion and RA dose-response in HT-29 intestinal cells with protein and mRNA readouts

    PMID:9649586

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct transcriptional target/promoter element not mapped
    • Interaction with IL-4/IFN-γ signaling mechanistically undefined
  4. 2001 High

    Dissected ligand-triggered signaling, showing pIgA induces IP3/PLC activation but that transcytosis stimulation diverges by species due to differing calcium sensitivity, while PKC universally accelerates transport.

    Evidence Apical SC release assays, IP3 measurement, and PMA stimulation in human Calu-3 and pIgR-transfected MDCK cells

    PMID:11169207

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of human pIgR calcium insensitivity unknown
    • Downstream PKC substrates in transport not identified
  5. 2001 Medium

    Demonstrated a cis-regulatory DNA element in the Pigr 3'-UTR modulating expression via supercoiling-dependent triplex formation.

    Evidence Luciferase reporters, nuclease hypersensitivity, and melting-profile analysis of a rat Pigr microsatellite fragment

    PMID:11242589

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo relevance of the element not established
    • Trans-acting factors unknown
  6. 2002 Medium

    Defined hormonal control of pIgR in glandular epithelium, identifying prolactin plus glucocorticoids as the key inducing combination.

    Evidence Hormonal manipulation and bromocryptine prolactin blockade in sheep mammary gland with molecular readouts

    PMID:12047104

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct receptor/promoter mechanism not mapped
    • Species generalizability untested
  7. 2010 High

    Mapped the intracellular trafficking itinerary of pIgA, showing unidirectional, microtubule-dependent passage through early and recycling endosomes distinct from FcRn cargo.

    Evidence Confocal pulse-chase and live imaging in MDCK cells co-expressing pIgR and FcRn with endosomal markers and microtubule depolymerization

    PMID:20525015

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular sorting machinery not identified in this study
    • Determinants of unidirectionality unresolved
  8. 2010 Medium

    Identified TGF-β from activated neutrophils as an inducer of pIgR via a redox-sensitive p38 MAPK pathway, linking inflammation to mucosal antibody transport.

    Evidence Neutrophil-epithelial co-culture with p38 and redox inhibition in Calu-3 cells

    PMID:20706611

    Open questions at the time
    • Transcriptional effectors downstream of p38 not defined
    • In vivo relevance not tested
  9. 2014 Medium

    Revealed a pathogenic repurposing of pIgR as a pneumococcal adhesion receptor on brain endothelium.

    Evidence Mouse intravenous infection, immunofluorescent co-localization, antibody blocking, and lysate binding

    PMID:24841255

    Open questions at the time
    • Bacterial adhesins not yet identified in this study
    • Mechanism of endothelial transit not defined
  10. 2017 High

    Identified the pneumococcal adhesins (RrgA, PspC) engaging pIgR and PECAM-1 to mediate blood-brain barrier crossing, establishing pIgR as a therapeutic target in meningitis.

    Evidence STED microscopy of human brain biopsies, recombinant adhesin binding, and antibody/genetic blocking in a bacteremia-derived meningitis model

    PMID:28515075

    Open questions at the time
    • Signaling/transcytosis route hijacked by pneumococci not fully resolved
    • Relative contribution of PspC vs RrgA quantitatively unclear
  11. 2021 High

    Defined the Rab11-effector and ubiquitin machinery driving transcytosis, identifying Rab11-FIP1/FIP5 and TRIM21-mediated polyubiquitination as activation steps.

    Evidence Interactor identification, siRNA knockdown with transcytosis readout, and ubiquitin-linkage analysis in polarized and incompletely polarized cells

    PMID:34638806

    Open questions at the time
    • Trigger that recruits TRIM21 to FIP effectors unknown
    • Whether ubiquitination is direct on FIPs in vivo not fully resolved
  12. 2021 High

    Established a tumor-promoting, transport-independent function of pIgR delivered via extracellular vesicles driving HCC stemness.

    Evidence EV isolation, stemness assays, pathway inhibitors, and anti-pIgR neutralizing antibody in patient-derived xenografts

    PMID:34922977

    Open questions at the time
    • How EV-pIgR engages PDK1/Akt axis mechanistically unclear
    • Receptor on recipient cells not identified
  13. 2022 High

    Pinpointed secretory cells as the dominant source of airway pIgR and revealed a post-transcriptional defect underlying SIgA loss in COPD.

    Evidence scRNA-seq, in situ hybridization, and secretory cell-specific pIgR knockout mice

    PMID:35687143

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular cause of the post-transcriptional defect undefined
    • Reversibility of SIgA loss not addressed
  14. 2023 High

    Demonstrated a hepatocyte-intrinsic protective role: hepatic pIgR-mediated IgA secretion limits bacterial translocation and prevents ethanol-induced liver disease.

    Evidence pIgR-deficient mice, two ethanol feeding models, AAV8 hepatocyte-specific rescue, and antibiotic controls

    PMID:36690432

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific bacterial taxa controlled not defined
    • Relative contribution of biliary vs intestinal secretion unclear
  15. 2023 Low

    Indicated that pIgR-mediated IgA transcytosis can drive anti-tumor inflammatory transcriptional programs in ovarian cancer.

    Evidence Transcriptional profiling after IgA transcytosis (cited in review without full methodological detail)

    PMID:37897659

    Open questions at the time
    • Original experimental detail not available; cited indirectly in review
    • Causality and in vivo relevance not established
  16. 2024 Medium

    Identified a viral immune-evasion mechanism whereby SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 binds and downregulates pIgR to impair immunoglobulin binding.

    Evidence ORF8-pIgR interaction studies, expression and dIgA/IgM binding assays, and internalization assays

    PMID:39066171

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of ORF8-induced downregulation not defined
    • In vivo mucosal consequence not tested
  17. 2025 Medium

    Implicated hematopoietic-cell pIgR in vascular disease, showing macrophage-associated pIgR promotes abdominal aortic aneurysm progression.

    Evidence Bone marrow transplantation in Ldlr-/- AAA mice with macrophage infiltration quantification and THP-1 polarization assays

    PMID:40624587

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular function of pIgR in macrophages undefined
    • Whether transcytosis function is involved unknown
  18. 2025 Medium

    Linked a lncRNA to pIgR processing, showing LINC00870 binds pIgR to inhibit its glycosylation/secretion and drive imatinib resistance in GIST.

    Evidence Binding assays, glycosylation and secretion assays, and overexpression/knockdown in gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells

    PMID:39968132

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking pIgR glycosylation to drug resistance unclear
    • Binding interface not characterized

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How the diverse non-transport functions of pIgR (cancer stemness, macrophage-driven vascular disease) relate mechanistically to its canonical transcytosis activity remains unresolved.
  • No unifying mechanism connecting transport and signaling roles
  • Receptors/partners mediating EV-pIgR effects unidentified
  • Structural basis of ligand and pathogen recognition not solved

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005215 transporter activity 3 GO:0001618 virus receptor activity 2 GO:0038024 cargo receptor activity 2 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 1
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3 GO:0005768 endosome 2 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport 2 R-HSA-9609507 Protein localization 2
Partners
JCHAINLINC00870PECAM1RAB11FIP1RAB11FIP5TRIM21

Evidence

Reading pass · 19 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1998 J chain is required for polymeric IgA binding to secretory component (SC)/pIgR and for pIgR-mediated epithelial transcytosis. A J-chain-lacking tetrameric IgA (pIgA-L) failed to bind purified SC, was not transferred into rat bile after intravenous injection, and was not transported apically by polarized MDCK cells expressing human pIgR, whereas J-chain-containing pIgA preparations were efficiently transported in both systems. In vitro SC-binding assay, in vivo rat bile transport assay, polarized MDCK cell transcytosis assay Immunology High 9767462
2001 Human pIgR-mediated transcytosis is not stimulated by pIgA binding, despite pIgA inducing IP3 production (phospholipase-C activation) in cells expressing human pIgR. In contrast, rabbit and rat pIgR transcytosis is accelerated by pIgA. The species difference is not due to defective second-messenger production but to a different sensitivity of human pIgR to intracellular calcium. PKC activation by PMA stimulates both human and rabbit pIgR transcytosis. Continuous apical SC release assay in human Calu-3 and pIgR-transfected MDCK cells; IP3 measurement; PKC activation with PMA Scandinavian journal of immunology High 11169207
2001 A microsatellite-containing fragment from the 3'-UTR of the rat Pigr gene modulates gene expression in an orientation- and position-dependent manner dependent on DNA supercoiling, functioning through intramolecular triplex formation stabilized by supercoiling, suggesting a regulatory role for this genomic element in controlling Pigr expression. Luciferase reporter transient transfection assay, cell-free translation, nuclease S1/P1 hypersensitivity, gel mobility analysis, anomalous melting profiles Physiological genomics Medium 11242589
2010 pIgA and IgG Fc (transported by FcRn) follow initially separate but later intermixing trafficking routes during transcytosis in polarized MDCK cells co-expressing both receptors. pIgA transport is strongly unidirectional (basolateral-to-apical), transiently colocalizing with EEA1-positive early endosomes, Rab11a-positive recycling endosomes, and transferrin-positive basolateral recycling endosomes. Unlike FcRn cargo, pIgA was sorted away from transferrin-positive endosomes with time. Both trafficking routes depended equally on intact microtubules. Fluorescence confocal microscopy with pulse-chase experiments, co-expression of FcRn and pIgR in MDCK cells, live-cell imaging, microtubule depolymerization Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) High 20525015
2010 TGF-β released by activated neutrophils upregulates pIgR/SC production in human bronchial epithelial (Calu-3) cells through a redox-sensitive, p38 MAPK-dependent pathway. This effect was mimicked by exogenous TGF-β and blocked by inhibition of redox balance or p38 MAPK. Neutrophil–epithelial cell co-culture, TGF-β measurement, p38 MAPK inhibition, redox balance inhibition, SC production assay Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology Medium 20706611
2014 Streptococcus pneumoniae physically interacts with pIgR on brain microvascular endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro, and pIgR blocking reduced pneumococcal adhesion to endothelial cells. Pneumococci co-localized with pIgR (but not with PAFR) in vivo. Physical interaction of pneumococci with pIgR was confirmed by incubating bacteria with endothelial cell lysates. In vivo mouse intravenous infection model, immunofluorescent co-localization analysis, in vitro antibody blocking, pneumococcal incubation with endothelial cell lysates PloS one Medium 24841255
2017 The pneumococcal pilus-1 major adhesin RrgA binds both pIgR and PECAM-1 on the blood-brain barrier endothelium, whereas choline binding protein PspC binds pIgR only (to a lower extent). Antibodies against pIgR and PECAM-1 prevented pneumococcal entry into the brain in a bacteremia-derived meningitis mouse model. Addition of these antibodies to ceftriaxone-treated mice further reduced brain bacterial burden. STED super-resolution microscopy of human brain biopsies, mutant mouse and antibody-blocking experiments in a bacteremia-derived meningitis model, binding studies with recombinant adhesins The Journal of experimental medicine High 28515075
2021 Rab11 effectors Rab11-FIP1 and Rab11-FIP5 interact with pIgR/pIgA-containing endosomes and are required for efficient pIgA transcytosis. Their knockdown additively impaired transcytosis in polarized and incompletely polarized cells. In incompletely polarized cells, pIgR/pIgA trafficking involves transport from the basolateral membrane to the centrosome vicinity, then via Rab11a-positive endosomes through the Golgi to the apical membrane. TRIM21 mediates K11-linked polyubiquitination of Rab11-FIP1 and K6-linked polyubiquitination of Rab11-FIP5 to promote their activation and pIgA transcytosis. Protein interaction (Rab11-FIP1 identified as new pIgR interactor), siRNA knockdown, live-cell trafficking assays in polarized and incompletely polarized cells, ubiquitination analysis International journal of molecular sciences High 34638806
2021 EV-pIgR from late-stage HCC patients promotes cancer stemness and tumorigenesis in recipient cells via activation of the PDK1/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling axis. Blockade with an anti-pIgR neutralizing antibody abrogated these effects and attenuated tumor growth in patient-derived tumor xenograft mice. EV isolation and characterization, in vitro cancer stemness assays, in vivo PDTX mouse model, pathway inhibition with Akt and β-catenin inhibitors, anti-pIgR neutralizing antibody blockade Journal of hepatology High 34922977
2023 Hepatic pIgR mediates IgA secretion into the intestinal lumen and bile canaliculi, limiting bacterial translocation and preventing ethanol-induced liver disease. pIgR-deficient mice showed increased liver injury, steatosis, inflammation, elevated plasma LPS, and more hepatic bacteria after ethanol feeding. AAV8-mediated re-expression of pIgR specifically in hepatocytes of pIgR-deficient mice increased intestinal IgA and ameliorated steatohepatitis by reducing bacterial translocation. pIgR-deficient mouse model, chronic-binge and Lieber-DeCarli ethanol feeding models, AAV8-mediated hepatocyte-specific pIgR re-expression, non-absorbable antibiotic treatment, liver injury and bacterial burden assessment Gut High 36690432
1998 All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is required for normal regulation of pIgR expression by IL-4 and IFN-γ in HT-29 human intestinal epithelial cells. Vitamin A depletion significantly reduced cytokine-induced pIgR upregulation at both protein and mRNA levels; RA supplementation restored normal pIgR expression levels in a dose-dependent manner. Vitamin A-depleted cell culture, RA supplementation, flow cytometry for cell-surface pIgR, mRNA quantification by Northern/RT-PCR in HT-29 cells The Journal of nutrition Medium 9649586
1997 Uterine stromal cells suppress pIgR production by co-cultured rat uterine epithelial cells through a soluble factor present in stromal cell-conditioned supernatants, representing a stromal–epithelial regulatory mechanism for pIgR expression. Co-culture of rat uterine stromal and epithelial cells, conditioned supernatant transfer experiments, immunohistochemistry for pIgR, transepithelial resistance measurement Journal of reproductive immunology Medium 9234210
2002 pIgR expression in the sheep mammary gland is regulated by a combination of prolactin and glucocorticoids: estradiol and progesterone alone produced slight increases in pIgR mRNA, but glucocorticoid addition caused significant accumulation of pIgR mRNA; blockade of prolactin secretion with bromocryptine abolished the hormonal induction of pIgR. Northern blot, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry in hormonally treated virgin ewes and during pregnancy/lactation; bromocryptine prolactin blockade The Journal of dairy research Medium 12047104
2024 SARS-CoV-2 accessory protein ORF8 downregulates pIgR expression through a direct interaction with pIgR. ORF8-mediated downregulation diminishes the binding of dimeric IgA (dIgA) and pentameric IgM to pIgR. Secreted ORF8 binds cell surface pIgR but does not trigger cellular internalization of ORF8 (unlike dIgA binding to pIgR, which does trigger internalization). ORF8 proteins from SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern preserve this pIgR-downregulating function. Protein–protein interaction studies between ORF8 and pIgR, pIgR expression measurement, dIgA/pIgM binding assays, cell internalization assay Viruses Medium 39066171
2016 Chlamydia infection upregulates pIgR expression in human epithelia and in mouse male and female reproductive tract epithelia in vivo, and this is associated with increased transcytosis of IgA into the lumen. Hormone synchronization with Depo-Provera downregulated pIgR expression, with pIgR being highest during estrus. Western blot, immunohistochemistry in vitro and in vivo (mouse reproductive tract), functional IgA transcytosis assay American journal of reproductive immunology Medium 27868280
2022 Secretory cells (club/goblet cells) are the predominant cell type responsible for pIgR expression in human and murine small airways. Loss of SIgA in COPD small airways is associated with reduced pIgR protein despite intact PIGR mRNA, indicating a post-transcriptional/post-translational defect. Secretory cell-specific knockout of pIgR in mice confirmed that secretory cells are the primary source of SIgA in small airways. RNA in situ hybridization, immunostaining, single-cell RNA sequencing, transgenic mice with cell-type-specific pIgR knockout, primary murine tracheal epithelial cell culture American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology High 35687143
2023 In ovarian cancer cells, pIgR-mediated IgA transcytosis induced transcriptional changes in intracellular inflammatory pathways that inhibit cancer progression, including upregulation of IFN-γ and downregulation of tumor-promoting ephrins. Transcriptional profiling after IgA transcytosis via pIgR in ovarian cancer cells Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology Low 37897659
2025 Pigr deficiency specifically in hematopoietic cells (assessed by bone marrow transplantation in Ldlr-/- mice) resulted in significantly reduced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) incidence (14% vs 57%) and decreased macrophage infiltration, demonstrating a role for hematopoietic-cell PIGR in AAA progression. PIGR colocalized with macrophages in the AAA wall and was upregulated in M1-polarized macrophages. Bone marrow transplantation in experimental AAA mouse model, macrophage infiltration measurement, THP-1 macrophage differentiation/polarization with PIGR mRNA and protein quantification Journal of translational medicine Medium 40624587
2025 LINC00870 binds specifically to PIGR and inhibits the glycosylation modification and secretion of the extracellular region of PIGR, leading to immune dysregulation and imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Inhibition of PIGR or LINC00870 overcomes imatinib resistance. High-throughput sequencing, in vitro functional experiments, LINC00870–PIGR binding assay, PIGR overexpression/knockdown, glycosylation and secretion assays Heliyon Medium 39968132

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 78 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2011 Regulation of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor and IgA transport: new advances in environmental factors that stimulate pIgR expression and its role in mucosal immunity. Mucosal immunology 270 21956244
2017 pIgR and PECAM-1 bind to pneumococcal adhesins RrgA and PspC mediating bacterial brain invasion. The Journal of experimental medicine 93 28515075
2021 Patient pIgR-enriched extracellular vesicles drive cancer stemness, tumorigenesis and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of hepatology 75 34922977
2008 Expression of the polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor (pIgR) in mucosal tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Fish & shellfish immunology 64 18356080
2011 Sputum proteomics identifies elevated PIGR levels in smokers and mild-to-moderate COPD. Journal of proteome research 50 22053820
2014 Differential expression and ligand binding indicate alternative functions for zebrafish polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) and a family of pIgR-like (PIGRL) proteins. Immunogenetics 46 24469064
2013 Deletion of pigR gene in Monascus ruber leads to loss of pigment production. Biotechnology letters 45 23690031
2009 Regionalization of pIgR expression in the mucosa of mouse small intestine. Immunology letters 41 19925828
2015 Characterization of IgM-binding protein: A pIgR-like molecule expressed by intestinal epithelial cells in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Veterinary immunology and immunopathology 34 26166176
1998 Lack of SC/pIgR-mediated epithelial transport of a human polymeric IgA devoid of J chain: in vitro and in vivo studies. Immunology 32 9767462
2021 Porcine Milk-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Intestinal Immunoglobulin Production through pIgR. Animals : an open access journal from MDPI 31 34073819
2021 Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) exerts oncogenic functions via activating ribosome pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. International journal of medical sciences 28 33390805
1998 Vitamin A is required for regulation of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) expression by interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma in a human intestinal epithelial cell line. The Journal of nutrition 28 9649586
2014 Streptococcus pneumoniae Interacts with pIgR expressed by the brain microvascular endothelium but does not co-localize with PAF receptor. PloS one 27 24841255
2010 Comparison of FcRn- and pIgR-mediated transport in MDCK cells by fluorescence confocal microscopy. Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) 27 20525015
2023 Hepatic pIgR-mediated secretion of IgA limits bacterial translocation and prevents ethanol-induced liver disease in mice. Gut 25 36690432
2003 Quantitative real-time RT-PCR measurement of mRNA encoding alpha-chain, pIgR and J-chain from canine duodenal mucosa. Journal of immunological methods 24 12667685
2014 Intranasal coadministration of Cholera toxin with amoeba lysates modulates the secretion of IgA and IgG antibodies, production of cytokines and expression of pIgR in the nasal cavity of mice in the model of Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis. Experimental parasitology 23 24731967
2002 Developmental expression of pIgR gene in sheep mammary gland and hormonal regulation. The Journal of dairy research 23 12047104
2017 A genome-wide trans-ethnic interaction study links the PIGR-FCAMR locus to coronary atherosclerosis via interactions between genetic variants and residential exposure to traffic. PloS one 22 28355232
2003 Characterization of the human polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) 3'UTR and differential expression of PIGR mRNA during colon tumorigenesis. Journal of biomedical science 21 14631119
2016 Identification of sea bass pIgR shows its interaction with vitellogenin inducing antibody-like activities in HEK 293T cells. Fish & shellfish immunology 20 27919759
2017 Chronic alcohol consumption regulates the expression of poly immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) and secretory IgA in the gut. Toxicology and applied pharmacology 19 28843478
2001 Polymeric IgA binding to the human pIgR elicits intracellular signalling, but fails to stimulate pIgR-transcytosis. Scandinavian journal of immunology 18 11169207
2023 Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in cancer. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 17 37897659
2022 M1 macrophages evoke an increase in polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) expression in MDA-MB468 breast cancer cells through secretion of interleukin-1β. Scientific reports 17 36207349
2022 Secretory Cells Are the Primary Source of pIgR in Small Airways. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 16 35687143
1997 Genomic cloning and structural analysis of the murine polymeric receptor (pIgR) gene and promoter region. Gene 16 9409786
2016 Chlamydial infection enhances expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) and transcytosis of IgA. American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) 15 27868280
2013 Age-related expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in the gastric mucosa of young pigs. PloS one 15 24236214
2003 Secretory immune system in human intrauterine development: immunopathomorphological analysis of the role of secretory component (pIgR/SC) in immunoglobulin transport (review). International journal of molecular medicine 15 12883643
2023 Expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) and the effect of PIGR overexpression on breast cancer cells. Scientific reports 14 37789066
2021 High dose lithium chloride causes colitis through activating F4/80 positive macrophages and inhibiting expression of Pigr and Claudin-15 in the colon of mice. Toxicology 14 33901603
2012 An increase in milk IgA correlates with both pIgR expression and IgA plasma cell accumulation in the lactating mammary gland of PRM/Alf mice. Journal of reproductive immunology 14 23021255
2021 Identification of the Fc-alpha/mu receptor in Xenopus provides insight into the emergence of the poly-Ig receptor (pIgR) and mucosal Ig transport. European journal of immunology 13 34411303
2009 Human Fcalpha/muR and pIgR distribute differently in intestinal tissues. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 13 19338768
2004 Effects of mycophenolic acid (MPA) treatment on expression of Fc receptor (FcRn) and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) mRNA in adult sheep tissues. Croatian medical journal 13 15103747
2021 The immune response of pIgR and Ig to Flavobacterium columnare in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Fish & shellfish immunology 12 34246784
2017 Expression of pIgR in the tracheal mucosa of SHIV/SIV-infected rhesus macaques. Zoological research 12 28271669
2010 Dual effect of neutrophils on pIgR/secretory component in human bronchial epithelial cells: role of TGF-beta. Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology 12 20706611
2022 EpCAM Is Essential to Maintaining the Immune Homeostasis of Intestines via Keeping the Expression of pIgR in the Intestinal Epithelium of Mice. Frontiers in immunology 10 35493520
2022 The Underlying Roles of Exosome-Associated PIGR in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Immune Signaling in Colorectal Cancer. Journal of oncology 10 36157233
2021 Rab11-FIP1 and Rab11-FIP5 Regulate pIgR/pIgA Transcytosis through TRIM21-Mediated Polyubiquitination. International journal of molecular sciences 10 34638806
2001 Functional pleiotropy of an intramolecular triplex-forming fragment from the 3'-UTR of the rat Pigr gene. Physiological genomics 10 11242589
2022 The teleost polymeric Ig receptor counterpart in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) differs from pIgR in higher vertebrates. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology 9 35605416
2021 Characterization of the Pelodiscus sinensis polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (P. sinensis pIgR) and its response to LPS and Aeromonas sobria. Developmental and comparative immunology 9 33798618
2021 Exogenous and Endogenous Triggers Differentially Stimulate Pigr Expression and Antibacterial Secretory Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract. Lung 9 34825965
1997 Uterine stromal cell suppression of pIgR production by uterine epithelial cells in vitro: a mechanism for regulation of pIgR production. Journal of reproductive immunology 9 9234210
1992 The gene encoding human transmembrane secretory component (locus PIGR) is linked to D1S58 on chromosome 1. Human genetics 9 1487233
2023 Molecular cloning and functional analysis of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, pIgR, gene in mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi. Fish & shellfish immunology 8 37044186
2019 Expression and localization study of pIgR in the late stage of embryo development in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Fish & shellfish immunology 8 30633962
2024 The downregulation of tight junction proteins and pIgR in the colonic epithelium causes the susceptibility of EpCAM+/- mice to colitis and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Frontiers in molecular biosciences 7 39188786
2015 Increased autoimmune diabetes in pIgR-deficient NOD mice is due to a "Hitchhiking" interval that refines the genetic effect of Idd5.4. PloS one 7 25835383
2013 A triad of highly divergent polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) haplotypes with major effect on IgA concentration in bovine milk. PloS one 7 23536764
2025 Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in cancer progression: a critical role and potential therapeutic target. Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death 6 40415061
2001 Over-expression of the murine pIgR gene in the mammary gland of transgenic mice influences the milk composition and reduces its nutritional value. Transgenic research 6 11592708
2024 Functional studies with IgM and IgA immunoglobulins: binding to pIgR, FcαμR, FcμR, and CDC activities. APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica 5 38232051
2023 The role of TLR4-mediated MyD88/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling and pIgR intestinal expression in chicks during Salmonella enteritidis infection. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology 5 36848772
2022 Comparative Analysis of the pIgR Gene from the Antarctic Teleost Trematomus bernacchii Reveals Distinctive Features of Cold-Adapted Notothenioidei. International journal of molecular sciences 4 35887127
2013 Enhanced expression of fucosyl GA1 in the digestive tract of immune-deficient scid, nude and pIgR(-/-) mice. Journal of biochemistry 4 24089533
2025 PIGR predicts good clinical outcomes and plays a tumor suppressor role in the development of breast cancer. Frontiers in oncology 3 40386563
2025 Immunoglobulin A/PIGR axis as potential mediators of human abdominal aortic aneurysms revealed by topologically resolved proteomics. Journal of translational medicine 3 40624587
2022 Evolutionary analyses of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in the mammals reveals an outstanding mutation rate in the lagomorphs. Frontiers in immunology 3 36466819
2018 A study on the mechanism of agonists in regulating transcriptional level of pIgR in salivary gland epithelial cells. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 3 30542385
2004 This little pIgR went to the mucosa. Structure (London, England : 1993) 3 15530354
2025 Enhancing liver fibrosis detection: a novel PIGR-utilizing approach in chronic hepatitis B injury assessment. BMC gastroenterology 2 39955486
2025 LINC00870 promotes imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumor via inhibiting PIGR glycosylation modifications. Heliyon 2 39968132
2024 SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Protein ORF8 Targets the Dimeric IgA Receptor pIgR. Viruses 2 39066171
2026 Improving a Plasma Biomarker Panel for Early Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Aminopeptidase N (ANPEP) and Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor (PIGR). Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 1 41593855
2025 Kinetics of pIgR and IgM immune responses in snakehead (Channa argus) to inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila via immersion and intraperitoneal injection. Scientific reports 1 40169670
2025 pIgR-like4.2 enhances the antiviral immune response of zebrafish against spring viremia of carp virus. Fish & shellfish immunology 1 40250506
2024 PIgR Autoantibody-abundant Circulating Vesicles Contributes to Biliary Injury in Biliary Atresia. Journal of pediatric surgery 1 39733605
1998 Mapping of mouse polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIgR) gene using simple sequence length polymorphism markers. Genes & genetic systems 1 9880925
2026 IgG Fc binding protein (FCGBP) inhibits the development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and cisplatin resistance through the PIGR/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Radiology and oncology 0 41560312
2026 EpCAM deficiency causes the inflammation of lungs due to the reduction of pIgR in airway epithelium. Respiratory research 0 41723440
2026 Engineered Lactobacillus casei targets the IgT-pIgR axis to confer mucosal protection against Aeromonas veronii in snakehead (Channa argus). Frontiers in immunology 0 41948342
2026 Cinnamyl Alcohol Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression via PIGR-Mediated Regulation of Chondrocyte Senescence and Cartilage Homeostasis. Journal of medicinal food 0 41996083
2022 [Potential implication of the IgA-pIgR system in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]. Revue des maladies respiratoires 0 35190226

Missed literature

Know a paper Affinage missed for PIGR? Flag it for the maintainers and the community.

No submissions yet.