Affinage

JCHAIN

Immunoglobulin J chain · UniProt P01591

Length
159 aa
Mass
18.1 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
42 papers in source corpus 18 papers cited in narrative 18 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

JCHAIN encodes a small polypeptide that is incorporated into polymeric immunoglobulins, where it functions as an assembly factor that templates and stabilizes IgM pentamers and IgA dimers (PMID:39632981, PMID:38070292). Mechanistically, J-chain begins as a largely unstructured, protease-sensitive species carrying heterogeneous non-native disulfide bonds; it engages hydrophobic β-sheets selectively exposed on nascent IgM pentamers, and completion of an amyloid-like core triggers J-chain folding and drives the disulfide rearrangements that covalently lock it into the polymer in place of a sixth IgM subunit, a process surveyed by the quality-control factor ERp44 (PMID:39632981). Within IgM it is linked as a covalent 'clasp' inside a single subunit rather than bridging two subunits (PMID:821533), and it is incorporated only in disulfide-linked form in IgM- and IgA-producing cells while remaining free in IgG cells (PMID:6417475). N-glycosylation governs this assembly: the IgA1-Fc tailpiece N459-glycan is required for proper dimer formation and shields a hydrophobic surface that excludes excess Fc, while the J-chain N49- and Fc N263-glycans contribute thermal stability to the complex (PMID:38070292). Completed J-chain-containing polymers acquire the capacity to bind secretory component non-covalently, a property restricted to IgA and IgM cells (PMID:6417474). Transcription of JCHAIN is induced during terminal B-cell/plasma-cell differentiation, independent of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement (PMID:2829207), through chromatin opening and histone H3/H4 hyperacetylation at the promoter (PMID:3025626, PMID:17015728) and through the bifunctional JB promoter element, whose IL-2/IL-5-driven activator function is mediated by the Ets-family factor PU.1 (PMID:8406004, PMID:1631082, PMID:1763018). Beyond immunoglobulin assembly, J-chain is expressed in a subset of CD11c+ dendritic cells where it supports IDO activity and tolerance induction (PMID:18028376), and J-chain deficiency selectively impairs T helper cell function and secondary IgG/B-cell memory responses (PMID:16688681).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 1976 Medium

    Established the topology of J-chain within polymeric Ig by determining that it is covalently clasped inside a single IgM subunit rather than bridging adjacent subunits, constraining models of how J-chain organizes pentamer assembly.

    Evidence Partial reduction/alkylation and peptide structural analysis of a human Fc5μ-like fragment

    PMID:821533

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve how J-chain selects its insertion site during assembly
    • Single structural study with limited follow-up
  2. 1983 Medium

    Defined the assembly-state specificity of J-chain by showing it is disulfide-linked and secreted only with polymeric IgM/IgA and remains free in IgG cells, and that completed polymers acquire secretory-component binding.

    Evidence Immunoprecipitation, biosynthetic labeling, subcellular fractionation, and in vitro SC-binding to tissue sections

    PMID:6417474 PMID:6417475

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism distinguishing IgM/IgA from IgG incorporation not defined
    • SC-binding assayed on tissue sections rather than purified components
  3. 1986 Medium

    Linked J-chain induction to chromatin remodeling by showing a 5' region transitions from nuclease-resistant in immature B cells to DNase I-hypersensitive in IgM-secreting cells, coinducible with expression.

    Evidence Nuclease/DNase I hypersensitivity assays in lymphoid lines and mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes

    PMID:3025626

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify the trans-acting factors driving chromatin opening
    • Correlative rather than causal link to expression
  4. 1988 Medium

    Decoupled J-chain transcription from immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, showing that Ig-negative precursors lacking detectable rearrangements still produce high J-chain levels upon plasma-cell differentiation.

    Evidence Biosynthetic labeling/immunoprecipitation, Northern blot, immunofluorescence in EBV-transformed precursor B cells

    PMID:2829207

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not define the differentiation signal triggering expression
    • Restricted to EBV-transformed lines
  5. 1992 Medium

    Identified the bifunctional JB promoter element as a repressor in silent cells and activator in expressing cells, and placed it downstream of IL-2 signaling via a B-cell-specific factor.

    Evidence Deletion mapping, nuclear factor binding, and reporter assays

    PMID:1631082

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular identity of NF-JB not yet established
    • Single-lab promoter dissection
  6. 1993 High

    Identified PU.1 as the NF-JB activator of the J-chain promoter, showing it binds the non-canonical JB site and that its glutamine-rich region and dominant-negative mutants control transcriptional output.

    Evidence Protein purification, DNA-binding characterization, reporter assays, dominant-negative mutagenesis

    PMID:8406004

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not explain how PU.1 switches the element between repressor and activator modes
    • Cofactors required for activation not defined
  7. 2006 Medium

    Connected stage-specific J-chain expression to histone hyperacetylation, showing H3/H4 acetylation and hypersensitive site opening occur in plasma cells and are inducible by IL-2.

    Evidence DNase I hypersensitivity mapping, ChIP for histone acetylation, IL-2 stimulation of BCL1 cells

    PMID:17015728

    Open questions at the time
    • Acetyltransferases responsible not identified
    • Causality between acetylation and transcription not directly tested
  8. 2006 Medium

    Revealed non-immunoglobulin roles for J-chain in immunity, showing J-chain deficiency selectively impairs T helper function and secondary IgG memory responses via a T-cell-intrinsic defect.

    Evidence J-chain knockout mice, NP-hapten immunization, repertoire analysis, adoptive transfer

    PMID:16688681

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of the T-cell defect unknown
    • Single-lab KO phenotype
  9. 2006 Medium

    Extended the regulatory map by identifying EBF binding at the HSS3/4 enhancer specifically in pre-B cells, with EBF-site mutations impairing enhancer activity in that stage.

    Evidence EMSA with anti-EBF supershift, in vivo footprinting, enhancer reporter mutagenesis

    PMID:16962668

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional role of pre-B-cell enhancer activity in mature expression unclear
  10. 2007 Medium

    Demonstrated a tolerogenic role for J-chain in dendritic cells, showing J-chain KO mice have reduced IDO-expressing DC subsets, lower IDO activity, and impaired tolerance induction.

    Evidence Flow cytometry, IDO RNA/protein quantification, serum kynurenine/tryptophan ratio, tolerance assays in J-chain KO mice

    PMID:18028376

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct molecular link between J-chain and IDO regulation not established
    • Mechanism of J-chain action in DC unknown
  11. 2023 High

    Defined the glycan requirements for IgA dimer assembly, showing the Fc tailpiece N459-glycan is essential for proper dimerization and shields a hydrophobic surface that excludes excess Fc, with J-chain N49 and Fc N263 glycans stabilizing the complex.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis, mass spectrometry, fluorescence, thermal shift, and NMR

    PMID:38070292

    Open questions at the time
    • Glycan contribution to IgM pentamer assembly not addressed
    • In vivo relevance of aggregate formation untested
  12. 2024 High

    Resolved the mechanism of J-chain incorporation into IgM, showing unstructured J-chain folds upon engaging hydrophobic β-sheets of nascent pentamers, completes an amyloid-like core, drives disulfide rearrangements, and outcompetes a sixth subunit under ERp44 surveillance.

    Evidence In vitro reconstitution, in cellula assembly assays, protease-sensitivity and disulfide analysis

    PMID:39632981

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural model of the folded J-chain/pentamer interface not fully defined
    • How ERp44 distinguishes correct from aberrant conformers not detailed
  13. 2023 Medium

    Proposed a tumor-suppressive function for IGJ in breast cancer, where overexpression inhibits proliferation, invasion, EMT, and metastasis by blocking p65/NF-κB nuclear translocation.

    Evidence Proliferation/invasion assays, xenografts, western blot, p65 immunofluorescence, and rescue experiments

    PMID:37539706

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct molecular interaction between IGJ and NF-κB components not shown
    • Relationship to immunoglobulin-assembly role unclear
  14. 2024 Low

    Implicated IGJ in inflammatory and proliferative signaling in rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes, where knockdown suppresses growth, inflammation, motility, and NF-κB signaling.

    Evidence CCK-8, flow cytometry, ELISA, transwell, and immunoblot in MH7A cells

    PMID:39091178

    Open questions at the time
    • Pathway inference rests on western blot only without direct binding evidence
    • Opposite directionality of NF-κB effect versus breast cancer model unexplained
  15. 2025 Low

    Linked IGJ to metabolic reprogramming and chemoresistance in B-ALL, where CRISPRa overexpression increases metabolic activity and confers resistance to several chemotherapeutics.

    Evidence CRISPRa overexpression, Seahorse metabolic assays, resazurin chemoresistance assays in NALM-6 cells

    PMID:41048199

    Open questions at the time
    • No pathway mechanism defined
    • Single gain-of-function experiment in one cell line

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How J-chain's intracellular immunoglobulin-assembly function relates mechanistically to its extracellular/regulatory roles in dendritic cell tolerance, T-cell help, and NF-κB-linked cancer phenotypes remains unresolved.
  • No molecular bridge identified between the assembly-factor and signaling/immunoregulatory activities
  • Direct binding partners outside the Ig polymer not characterized
  • Tissue-specific functions in non-B cells mechanistically undefined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 3 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0005576 extracellular region 1 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 1
Pathway
R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 3 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 2
Partners
EBF1ERP44PU.1
Complex memberships
IgA dimerIgM pentamer

Evidence

Reading pass · 18 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2024 J-chain (JC) outcompetes the sixth IgM subunit during assembly of IgM pentamers. Before insertion into IgM, JC exists as largely unstructured, protease-sensitive species with heterogeneous non-native disulfide bonds. JC interacts with hydrophobic β-sheets selectively exposed by nascent pentamers, and completion of an amyloid-like core triggers JC folding and drives disulfide rearrangements that covalently stabilize JC-containing pentamers. The quality control factor ERp44 surveys IgM assembly and prevents secretion of aberrant conformers. In vitro reconstitution, in cellula assembly assays, protease sensitivity assays, disulfide bond analysis The EMBO journal High 39632981
1993 The Ets-related transcription factor PU.1 is the nuclear protein (NF-JB) that mediates positive regulatory activity of the JB element in the J-chain promoter. PU.1 binds the JB site despite it lacking the canonical GGA Ets core, and a glutamine-rich sequence in the amino-terminal portion of PU.1 is required for transcriptional activation. A dominant negative PU.1 mutant suppresses transcriptional activity of a 1.2-kb J-chain promoter. Protein purification, DNA-binding characterization, transient transfection reporter assays, dominant-negative mutagenesis Genes & development High 8406004
1992 A bifunctional promoter element (JB, located between -75 and -45) in the J-chain gene acts as a repressor in J-chain-silent B cells and as an activator in J-chain-expressing cells. IL-2 signaling triggers the activator function of JB through a B-cell-specific nuclear protein NF-JB, making JB the likely target of the IL-2 signal. Deletion analysis of 5' flanking region, nuclear factor binding assays, transient transfection reporter assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 1631082
1991 IL-2 and IL-5 each trigger a decrease in binding of two promoter-specific nuclear repressor proteins to the J-chain promoter, preceding the appearance of J-chain RNA. The two lymphokines act additively, their effects are reversed upon withdrawal, and both are inhibited by IL-4, indicating the IL-2 and IL-5 signal pathways converge to regulate repressor activities of J-chain promoter elements. Inducible β-lymphoma cell line, J-chain RNA expression analysis, nuclear factor binding assays, lymphokine withdrawal and IL-4 inhibition experiments Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 1763018
1986 Activation of the J-chain gene during B-cell differentiation to IgM-secreting cells is associated with chromatin remodeling at the 5' end of the gene: a 240-bp region is nuclease-resistant in immature B cells, becomes slightly more accessible in mature B cells, and displays an open DNase I-hypersensitive structure in IgM-secreting cells. This open structure is coinducible with J-chain gene expression in mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes. Nuclease sensitivity/DNase I hypersensitivity assays in lymphoid cell lines and mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes Molecular and cellular biology Medium 3025626
2006 Stage-specific expression of the IgJ gene in plasma cells is regulated by chromatin accessibility and histone acetylation: hypersensitive site 1 on the IgJ promoter opens in plasma cells, and H3 and H4 histones at the IgJ gene chromatin are hyperacetylated in plasma cells but not in pre-B cells. IL-2 treatment of the BCL1 model cell line induces hyperacetylation of H3 and H4 at the IgJ gene chromatin. DNase I hypersensitivity mapping, chromatin immunoprecipitation for histone acetylation, IL-2 stimulation of BCL1 cells Journal of immunology Medium 17015728
2023 The N459-glycan on the IgA1-Fc tailpiece is essential for dimer formation in the presence of J-chain (N459Q mutant fails to form proper dimer and instead generates higher-order aggregates). The N49-glycan on J-chain and the N263-glycan on IgA1-Fc both contribute to thermal stability of the Fc–J-chain complex. Fluorescence experiments indicate the N459-glycans cover a hydrophobic surface that prevents excess Fc molecules from approaching the dimeric IgA. Site-directed mutagenesis of N-glycosylation sites, mass spectrometry, fluorescence assays, thermofluor (thermal shift) assay, NMR of 13C-labeled Fc Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects High 38070292
1983 J-chain in IgA- and IgM-producing cells is substantially incorporated into polymeric Ig complexes at the cytoplasmic level; acid-urea pretreatment enhances J-chain staining, indicating molecular unfolding exposes concealed J-chains. The completed polymers bind secretory component (SC) in vitro via specific non-covalent forces at the cytoplasm of J-chain-positive IgA and IgM cells. IgM cells exhibit stronger SC binding than IgA cells. IgG and IgD cells do not generally express affinity for SC. Immunohistochemistry with acid-urea pretreatment, in vitro SC binding to tissue sections Molecular immunology Medium 6417474
1983 In lymphoblastoid cell lines, J-chain is present in disulfide-linked form in IgM and IgA producers but in free (non-disulfide-linked) form in IgG cells; intracellular J-chain is not disulfide-linked to IgG in IgG/J-chain-producing cells. In PWM-stimulated PBL, J-chain is secreted only in disulfide-linked form associated with polymeric Ig and not as a free form. Subcellular fractionation showed J-chain and Ig associate with fractions containing ribosomes, cell sap, and low molecular weight RNA. Immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, RIA, subcellular fractionation, biosynthetic labeling Molecular immunology Medium 6417475
1976 Structural analysis of a human Fc5μ-like fragment showed that J-chain is covalently linked as a 'clasp' within a single IgM subunit (within the 95 kDa subunit) and not between two subunits, as determined by partial reduction, alkylation, and peptide sequence analysis. Partial reduction and alkylation, SDS-PAGE, peptide structural analysis Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 821533
2007 J-chain protein is expressed in a subset of CD11c+ dendritic cells (DC) in mice. J-chain knockout mice have reduced fractions of CD4-/CD8α+ and mPDCA-1+ DC in the spleen, reduced IDO RNA in spleen, fewer IDO-expressing cells in lymph nodes, reduced IDO protein in splenic CD11c+ cells, lower serum kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (indicating reduced IDO activity), and are less susceptible to tolerance induction. Flow cytometry, J-chain knockout mice, IDO RNA and protein quantification, serum kynurenine/tryptophan ratio measurement, tolerance induction assays Immunology Medium 18028376
2006 J-chain-deficient mice show normal primary IgG responses but compromised secondary IgG responses and reduced B cell repertoire switching from lambda to kappa. Adoptive transfer experiments demonstrated that the compromised secondary immune response is transferred with T cells from J-/- mice, establishing that J-chain deficiency causes a selective defect in T helper cell function that impairs B cell memory formation. J-chain knockout mice, immunization with NP-hapten, serum IgG measurement, B cell repertoire analysis, adoptive transfer experiments European journal of immunology Medium 16688681
2005 A Stat5-overlapping sequence in the IgJ enhancer is essential for enhancer function in plasma cells and is bound by a ubiquitous protein (not Stat5 or other tested Stat family members, <52 kDa), as identified by in vivo footprinting and EMSA. The opened chromatin of the IgJ enhancer is maintained in plasma cells even in the absence of IL-2/Stat5 signaling. In vivo footprinting, EMSA with competitors and antibodies, UV-crosslinking/SDS-PAGE, reporter assays Biochemical and biophysical research communications Low 16288984
2006 The HSS3/4 enhancer of the Crlz1-IgJ locus is bound by EBF (early B cell factor) specifically in pre-B cells, as shown by EMSA with oligo-DNA competitors, anti-EBF antibodies, and mutational analysis demonstrating that mutations within the EBF site impair HSS3/4 enhancer activity in pre-B cells but not in plasma cells. EMSA with competitors and anti-EBF antibodies, in vivo footprinting, enhancer reporter assay with EBF-site mutations Immunology letters Medium 16962668
2023 IGJ overexpression in breast cancer cells suppresses proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and suppressing nuclear translocation of p65 (NF-κB). Rescue experiments confirmed that IGJ restricts breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis via the NF-κB signaling pathway. CCK-8 assay, invasion/migration assays, scratch tests, in vivo xenograft, western blot, immunofluorescence for p65 nuclear translocation, GSEA/KEGG analysis, rescue experiments International journal of oncology Medium 37539706
2024 IGJ knockdown in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (MH7A cells) inhibits cell growth, suppresses inflammatory response, and blocks cell motility. Mechanistically, IGJ knockdown suppresses the NF-κB signaling axis in these cells. CCK-8 and flow cytometry for growth, ELISA and immunoblot for inflammation, transwell assay for motility, immunoblot for NF-κB pathway components International journal of rheumatic diseases Low 39091178
2025 IGJ overexpression in NALM-6 B-ALL cells via CRISPRa leads to increased metabolic activity and confers resistance to dexamethasone, cytarabine, doxorubicin, and methotrexate but not cyclophosphamide, suggesting IGJ promotes metabolic reprogramming contributing to chemoresistance. CRISPRa-mediated IGJ overexpression, Seahorse XF metabolic assays, resazurin-based chemoresistance viability assays Pediatric blood & cancer Low 41048199
1988 J-chain expression during plasma cell differentiation is independent of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement status. EBV-transformed immunoglobulin-negative precursor B cells with no detectable Ig gene rearrangements still generate subpopulations producing high levels of J-chain, with J-chain production confined to cells that have exited the cell cycle to undergo plasma-cell differentiation. Immunoprecipitation after biosynthetic labeling, Northern blot hybridization, immunofluorescence, surface antigen analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 2829207

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 42 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1993 Ets-related protein PU.1 regulates expression of the immunoglobulin J-chain gene through a novel Ets-binding element. Genes & development 122 8406004
1983 Immunohistochemical characterization of intracellular J-chain and binding site for secretory component (SC) in human immunoglobulin (Ig)-producing cells. Molecular immunology 84 6417474
1981 Immunohistochemical evaluation of J-chain expression by intra- and extra-follicular immunoglobulin-producing human tonsillar cells. Scandinavian journal of immunology 53 6165077
1988 Precursor B cells transformed by Epstein-Barr virus undergo sterile plasma-cell differentiation: J-chain expression without immunoglobulin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 44 2829207
1988 J-chain expression is more prominent in immunoglobulin A2 than in immunoglobulin A1 colonic immunocytes and is decreased in both subclasses associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 39 2452117
1983 Biosynthesis of J-chain in human lymphoid cells producing immunoglobulins of various isotypes. Molecular immunology 33 6417475
2013 Noncoordinate expression of J-chain and Blimp-1 define nurse shark plasma cell populations during ontogeny. European journal of immunology 29 23897025
1992 A promoter element that exerts positive and negative control of the interleukin 2-responsive J-chain gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 27 1631082
2016 High expression of ID family and IGJ genes signature as predictor of low induction treatment response and worst survival in adult Hispanic patients with B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 24 27044543
2003 Quantitative real-time RT-PCR measurement of mRNA encoding alpha-chain, pIgR and J-chain from canine duodenal mucosa. Journal of immunological methods 24 12667685
1992 Subclass composition and J-chain expression of the 'compensatory' gastrointestinal IgG cell population in selective IgA deficiency. Clinical and experimental immunology 24 1735187
2023 IGJ suppresses breast cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting EMT via the NF‑κB signaling pathway. International journal of oncology 21 37539706
2000 Cloning and expression of the chicken immunoglobulin joining (J)-chain cDNA. Immunogenetics 18 10663570
1991 Interleukin 2- and interleukin 5-induced changes in the binding of regulatory factors to the J-chain gene promoter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 18 1763018
2007 A subset of dendritic cells express joining chain (J-chain) protein. Immunology 16 18028376
2006 Stage-specific expression of two neighboring Crlz1 and IgJ genes during B cell development is regulated by their chromatin accessibility and histone acetylation. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 15 17015728
1986 Accessibility of the promoter sequence in the J-chain gene is regulated by chromatin changes during B-cell differentiation. Molecular and cellular biology 13 3025626
1981 Intestinal salivary, and tonsillar IgA and J-chain production in a patient with severe deficiency of serum IgA. Scandinavian journal of immunology 13 6795716
2008 [Problem of J-chain of immunoglobulins]. Zhurnal evoliutsionnoi biokhimii i fiziologii 12 18669274
2007 [Decrease in expression of human J-chain in lung squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma]. Molekuliarnaia biologiia 11 17936986
1985 J-chain expression in human cells producing IgG subclasses. Cellular immunology 10 3922629
2024 How J-chain ensures the assembly of immunoglobulin IgM pentamers. The EMBO journal 9 39632981
2016 Novel Monoclonal Antibodies for Studies of Human and Rhesus Macaque Secretory Component and Human J-Chain. Monoclonal antibodies in immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy 9 27386924
2002 Cloning and expression of the turtle (Trachemys scripta) immunoglobulin joining (J)-chain cDNA. Immunogenetics 8 12389099
1993 Characterization of the joining chain (J-chain) promoter. Scandinavian journal of immunology 8 8235443
2023 Each N-glycan on human IgA and J-chain uniquely affects oligomericity and stability. Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects 7 38070292
2006 Joining-chain (J-chain) negative mice are B cell memory deficient. European journal of immunology 7 16688681
1974 Human J-chain: isolation and molecular weight studies. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 7 4204602
2005 Measurement of messenger RNA encoding the alpha-chain, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, and J-chain in duodenal mucosa from dogs with and without chronic diarrhea by use of quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays. American journal of veterinary research 6 15691029
2006 Analysis of antigen-specific and naturally occurring IgM and IgA steady-state levels in J-chain negative C57BL/6 mice. Scandinavian journal of immunology 4 16764696
2006 The HSS3/4 enhancer of Crlz1-IgJ locus is another target of EBF in the pre-B cell stage of B cell development. Immunology letters 4 16962668
2023 IGJ and SPATS2L immunohistochemistry sensitively and specifically identify BCR::ABL1+ and BCR::ABL1-like B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. British journal of haematology 3 37871900
2005 A Stat5-overlapping site is critical for the IgJ enhancer activity in the plasma cells and bound by a ubiquitous protein. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 3 16288984
2025 Jchain-diphtheria toxin receptor mice allow for depletion of antibody-secreting cells and analysis of differentiation kinetics. iScience 2 41333318
1976 Localization of J-chain and interchain disulfide bonds in a human F(c)5mu-like fragment. Biochimica et biophysica acta 2 821533
2006 Recombinant human J-chain: fix the protein aggregations and yield maximize. Human antibodies 1 17065740
2002 Cloning of the chicken immunoglobulin joining (J)-chain gene and characterization of its promoter region. DNA and cell biology 1 11953007
1976 Studies on J-chain biosynthesis in tumours producing immunoglobulins in NZB mice. The Biochemical journal 1 821482
2025 Jchain-Diphtheria Toxin Receptor Mice Allow for Diphtheria Toxin-Mediated Depletion of Antibody-Secreting Cells and Analysis of Differentiation Kinetics. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 0 38766257
2025 Integration of Metabolic Profiling and Functional Genomics Suggests IGJ as a Driver of Chemoresistance in B-ALL. Pediatric blood & cancer 0 41048199
2024 IGJ depletion suppresses proliferation, inflammation, and motility of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes via targeting NF-κB pathway. International journal of rheumatic diseases 0 39091178
2023 Temporal Tracking of Plasma Cells in vivo Using J-chain CreERT2 Reporter System. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 0 38106171

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