Affinage

ODF2

Outer dense fiber protein 2 · UniProt Q5BJF6

Length
829 aa
Mass
95.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
37 papers in source corpus 18 papers cited in narrative 18 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/8 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ODF2/Cenexin is a scaffolding protein of the mother centriole distal and subdistal appendages that is essential for the assembly of these structures and for primary cilia formation (PMID:15852003, PMID:24189274). Loss of Odf2 eliminates both appendage types and completely abolishes ciliogenesis, and these defects are rescued by re-expression (PMID:15852003); distinct N-terminal versus core domains specify subdistal (basal foot) versus distal (transition fiber) appendage assembly, with transition fibers licensing ciliogenesis and subdistal appendages stabilizing centrosomal microtubules (PMID:24189274). In ciliated epithelia, the C-terminal region of Odf2 is specifically required to build the basal foot, whose loss disrupts polarized basal body alignment and coordinated ciliary beating without affecting planar cell polarity (PMID:22265411, PMID:39864486). The Cenexin1 splice variant, distinguished by a 42-aa exon-3b extension that targets it to somatic centrosomes, is the isoform competent for ciliogenesis: it engages GTP-loaded Rab8a and recruits Chibby to appendages, and a Cdc2-phosphorylated S796 motif recruits Plk1 to promote pericentrin/gamma-tubulin loading and bipolar spindle formation (PMID:19386263, PMID:18171590, PMID:23343771). Odf2 sits atop a hierarchical appendage-assembly pathway, acting upstream of trichoplein–ninein and of Cep128 to organize subdistal appendage components and centriolar microtubule anchoring (PMID:21325031, PMID:30623524). It further maintains centrosome cohesion by restricting centrosomal β-catenin to prevent premature splitting and tripolar spindles (PMID:30257984), and negatively regulates CP110 levels to license cilia formation, acting as a scaffold for HYLS1 (PMID:37681926). In sperm, ODF2 is a structural component of the outer dense fibers, interacting with ODF1 through its leucine zippers and phosphorylated at S76 by Tssk4 (PMID:9045620, PMID:26961893). Odf2 transcription is activated by FOXA1, which is required for ciliogenesis, and by the JNK pathway in a cell-cycle-dependent manner (PMID:36509813, PMID:23458833).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 14 steps
  1. 1997 High

    Established ODF2's original identity as a structural subunit of the sperm outer dense fibers, defining the leucine-zipper interaction that anchors it to ODF1.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid with leucine-to-alanine mutagenesis and immunoelectron microscopy in sperm

    PMID:9045620

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not address any centrosomal or ciliary role
    • Stoichiometry and architecture of the ODF1–ODF2 fiber not resolved
  2. 2004 Medium

    Showed ODF2 self-associates into fibrillar structures and co-sediments with microtubules, but not via direct tubulin binding, implying its microtubule association is bridged by partner proteins.

    Evidence GFP-fusion imaging plus in vitro microtubule cosedimentation/coprecipitation

    PMID:15340007

    Open questions at the time
    • Bridging factor not identified at this stage
    • In vitro biochemistry not linked to a cellular function
  3. 2005 High

    Defined ODF2 as indispensable for mother centriole distal/subdistal appendage formation and for primary ciliogenesis, moving it from a sperm structural protein to a core centriole appendage organizer.

    Evidence Odf2−/− F9 knockout cells with EM, immunofluorescence, and rescue

    PMID:15852003

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not separate distal from subdistal appendage requirements
    • Molecular partners mediating appendage assembly unknown
  4. 2008 Medium

    Identified the Cenexin-specific 42-aa exon-3b peptide as the determinant for centrosome/cilia targeting, distinguishing the somatic isoform's localization from sperm ODF2 and showing targeting is dynein-independent.

    Evidence GFP-tagged deletion construct series in NIH3T3 cells with dynein inhibition

    PMID:18171590

    Open questions at the time
    • The docking receptor recognizing the exon-3b peptide not identified
    • Functional consequence of differential targeting not tested here
  5. 2009 High

    Resolved isoform-specific function: hCenexin1 (not hODF2) localizes to centrosomes and recruits Plk1 via a Cdc2-phosphorylated S796 motif for bipolar spindle formation, while earlier recruiting ninein to promote ciliogenesis.

    Evidence ODF2 vs Cenexin1 constructs, S796A phospho-mutant, Co-IP, spindle/cilia phenotyping

    PMID:19386263

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not establish how Plk1 activity feeds back on appendage assembly
    • Temporal switch between cilia and spindle functions not mechanistically dissected
  6. 2011 Medium

    Placed Odf2 upstream of trichoplein and ninein in a hierarchical subdistal appendage assembly pathway controlling centrosomal microtubule anchoring.

    Evidence Co-IP and sequential siRNA epistasis with microtubule anchoring assays

    PMID:21325031

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct versus indirect Odf2–trichoplein binding not resolved
    • Single lab, no in vivo validation
  7. 2012 High

    Demonstrated in vivo that Odf2 builds the basal foot in ciliated epithelia, with the C-terminal exon-6/7 region specifically required, and that basal feet enforce polarized basal body alignment and coordinated beating.

    Evidence Conditional Odf2 ΔEx6,7 knockout mice with EM, IF, and tracheal ciliary beating assays

    PMID:22265411

    Open questions at the time
    • How the basal foot mechanically directs beating polarity not resolved
    • Distinction from PCP machinery defined phenotypically but not molecularly
  8. 2013 High

    Mapped distinct ODF2 domains to distinct appendage types (aa 188–806 for transition fibers/ciliogenesis; aa 1–59 additionally for basal feet) and confirmed Cenexin1, not ODF2, supports ciliogenesis through Rab8a-GTP binding and Chibby recruitment.

    Evidence Domain-deletion KO rescue in F9 cells with EM; Rab8a Co-IP and Chibby recruitment assays in odf2−/− cells

    PMID:23343771 PMID:24189274

    Open questions at the time
    • How the same scaffold partitions into structurally distinct appendages not explained
    • Whether axonemal ODF2 has any function unknown
  9. 2016 Medium

    Identified Tssk4 as the kinase phosphorylating ODF2 at S76 in sperm, adding a post-translational regulatory layer to its outer dense fiber role.

    Evidence Co-IP, point mutagenesis, phospho-specific antibody and LC-MS/MS in mouse sperm

    PMID:26961893

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of S76 phosphorylation for fiber assembly not established
    • Single lab
  10. 2018 Medium

    Revealed a centrosome-cohesion function: ODF2 restrains centrosomal β-catenin to prevent premature centrosome splitting and tripolar spindles.

    Evidence siRNA depletion with centrosome-number, β-catenin, and spindle imaging

    PMID:30257984

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which ODF2 limits β-catenin not defined
    • Single loss-of-function method
  11. 2019 Medium

    Extended the assembly hierarchy by showing Cep128 binds Odf2 and acts downstream to retain subdistal appendage components and stabilize centriolar microtubules.

    Evidence SR-SIM, Co-IP, and hierarchical siRNA knockdown of SDA components

    PMID:30623524

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct binding interface not mapped
    • Order relative to trichoplein–ninein not fully reconciled
  12. 2022 Medium

    Defined a transcriptional input: FOXA1 binds the Odf2 promoter and is required for ODF2 expression and primary cilia formation, linking upstream gene regulation to ciliogenesis.

    Evidence ChIP, reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and FOXA1 knockdown with cilia assay

    PMID:36509813

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether FOXA1 control is cell-type restricted unknown
    • Relationship to cell-cycle-dependent JNK regulation not integrated
  13. 2023 Medium

    Showed ODF2 negatively regulates centriolar CP110 to license ciliogenesis and acts as a scaffold for HYLS1/NEURL4, indicating ODF2 controls cilia not only structurally but by modulating cilia-suppressor turnover.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown, overexpression, and rapamycin-induced centriolar recruitment with CP110/cilia imaging

    PMID:37681926

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ODF2 directly promotes CP110 degradation not demonstrated
    • ODF2 overexpression alone insufficient, implying additional rate-limiting factors
  14. 2025 Medium

    Confirmed conservation of Odf2 basal-foot function in Xenopus multiciliated cells and uncovered an unexpected role in pre-emergence cell motility and homotypic repulsion that sets MCC spacing.

    Evidence Morpholino knockdown in Xenopus epidermis with EM, live imaging, and spacing simulation

    PMID:39864486

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking Odf2 to MCC migration unclear
    • Morpholino specificity not orthogonally validated

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a single scaffold is partitioned into structurally distinct distal versus subdistal appendages, and how its appendage, centrosome-cohesion, CP110-regulatory, and sperm outer-dense-fiber functions are coordinated, remains unresolved.
  • No structural model of ODF2 within appendages
  • Direct enzymatic activity (if any) undefined
  • Integration of transcriptional, phospho, and scaffolding regulation not unified

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 3 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 3 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 2
Localization
GO:0005815 microtubule organizing center 4 GO:0005929 cilium 4 GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1852241 Organelle biogenesis and maintenance 3 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 2
Partners
CCDC42CEP128CHIBBYODF1PLK1RAB8ATRICHOPLEINTSSK4
Complex memberships
mother centriole distal appendage (transition fibers)mother centriole subdistal appendage (basal foot)sperm outer dense fibers

Evidence

Reading pass · 18 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2005 ODF2 is indispensable for the formation of distal/subdistal appendages on mother centrioles and for the generation of primary cilia. In Odf2−/− mouse F9 cells, both distal and subdistal appendages disappear from mother centrioles, and primary cilia formation is completely suppressed; these defects are rescued by exogenous Odf2 expression. Knockout cell line (Odf2−/− F9 cells), immunofluorescence, ultrathin-section electron microscopy, rescue by exogenous expression Nature cell biology High 15852003
2012 Odf2 is required for basal foot formation on basal bodies of ciliated epithelia; loss of basal feet disrupts polarized alignment of basal bodies and coordinated ciliary beating, without affecting planar cell polarity or ciliogenesis per se. The C-terminal region of Odf2 (encoded by exons 6–7) is specifically required for basal foot formation. Conditional knockout mice (Odf2 ΔEx6,7/ΔEx6,7), phenotypic analysis of tracheal cilia beating, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence Cell High 22265411
1997 ODF2 (Odf84) interacts with the outer dense fiber protein ODF1 (Odf27) via leucine zippers; all leucine residues in the upstream leucine zipper of ODF2 are required for this interaction. ODF2 contains two C-terminal leucine zippers and localizes to outer dense fibers by fluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Yeast two-hybrid screen using Odf27 leucine zipper as bait, leucine-to-alanine mutagenesis, immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscopy The Journal of biological chemistry High 9045620
2009 The hCenexin1 splice variant (but not hODF2 itself) localizes to somatic centrosomes via its variant-specific C-terminal extension. The C-terminal extension contains a Cdc2-phosphorylated S796 motif that recruits Plk1; this Plk1 interaction is required for proper recruitment of pericentrin and gamma-tubulin and for bipolar spindle formation. Earlier in the cell cycle, hCenexin1 recruits ninein and promotes primary cilia formation independently of Plk1. Expression of hODF2 vs. hCenexin1 constructs and deletion mutants in cells, Co-IP/interaction assays, immunofluorescence, phospho-mutant analysis (S796A), spindle phenotype analysis Developmental cell High 19386263
2013 Distinct domains of ODF2/cenexin are required for different appendage types: amino acids 188–806 are required for ciliogenesis and transition fiber (distal appendage) formation, whereas aa 1–59 combined with aa 188–806 are additionally required for basal foot (subdistal appendage) formation. Transition fibers/distal appendages are required for ciliogenesis, while subdistal appendages stabilize centrosomal microtubules. Odf2-knockout F9 cells rescued with Odf2 deletion constructs, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, microtubule stability assays The Journal of cell biology High 24189274
2004 ODF2 is a self-interacting protein that forms fibrillar structures in vivo and associates with microtubules in vitro (microtubule cosedimentation and coprecipitation). However, direct interaction with tubulin alone was not detected, suggesting the microtubule association is mediated by additional proteins. GFP-fusion expression in mammalian cells, in vitro microtubule cosedimentation, coprecipitation assay Journal of cell science Medium 15340007
2011 Trichoplein binds both Odf2 and ninein at the centrosome. Odf2 depletion inhibits trichoplein recruitment to the mother centriole subdistal region, whereas ninein depletion does not, placing Odf2 upstream of trichoplein in the hierarchical assembly. Trichoplein depletion abolishes ninein but not Odf2 recruitment, and depletion of each impairs microtubule anchoring at the centrosome. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, immunocytochemistry, microtubule anchoring assay Journal of cell science Medium 21325031
2008 A peptide of 42 amino acids specific to the Cenexin isoform (encoded by exon 3b) is necessary for targeting ODF2/Cenexin to the centrosome and primary cilia. The C-terminal coiled-coil region of ODF2 also contributes to centrosomal/ciliary targeting, presumably via self-association. Centrosomal targeting does not depend on dynein-mediated transport. Series of GFP-tagged deletion constructs transfected into NIH3T3 cells, immunofluorescence localization, dynein inhibition experiment European journal of cell biology Medium 18171590
2013 Cenexin1 (ODF2 isoform 9), but not ODF2, is necessary and sufficient for primary cilia assembly in odf2−/− cells. Cenexin1 interacts with GTP-loaded Rab8a and localizes to distal/subdistal appendages, facilitating recruitment of the centriolar component Chibby, which is important for ciliogenesis. ODF2 localizes along the ciliary axoneme but does not support ciliogenesis. Rescue experiments in odf2−/− cells expressing ODF2 or Cenexin1, Co-IP (Rab8a interaction), immunofluorescence, Chibby recruitment assay Cell cycle Medium 23343771
2016 Testis-specific serine/threonine kinase 4 (Tssk4) phosphorylates ODF2 at serine 76. The C-terminal region (aa 214–638) of Odf2 is required for its association with Tssk4. Phosphorylation at S76 was confirmed in vivo in mouse sperm by phospho-specific antibody and LC-MS/MS. Co-immunoprecipitation (Tssk4–Odf2 interaction), Ser/Thr/Lys-to-Ala point mutagenesis, in vivo phosphorylation confirmed by phospho-specific antibody and LC-MS/MS Scientific reports Medium 26961893
2019 Cep128 associates with Odf2 (confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation) and is required for subdistal appendage (SDA) assembly downstream of Odf2. Cep128 knockdown causes dissociation of SDA components (centriolin, Ndel1, ninein, Cep170) from the centriole while Odf2 and distal appendage components remain; Cep128 KD also decreases centriolar microtubule stability. Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM), co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, immunofluorescence Genes to cells Medium 30623524
2018 ODF2 maintains centrosome cohesion by restricting β-catenin accumulation at the centrosome. Depletion of ODF2 causes premature centrosome splitting and formation of tripolar spindles, associated with elevated centrosomal β-catenin levels. siRNA depletion of ODF2 in cultured cells, immunofluorescence for centrosome number and β-catenin localization, spindle analysis Journal of cell science Medium 30257984
2014 Transcription factor Pax6 directly regulates Odf2 gene activity. In Pax6-deficient cortex (Sey/Sey mutant), mother centriole appendages are lost, RGCs fail to form primary cilia and detach from the ventricular surface, impairing interkinetic nuclear migration. Mechanistically, Pax6 acts upstream of Odf2 to control centriole maturation in cortical progenitors. Pax6-deficient mouse mutant (Sey/Sey), promoter reporter assay for Odf2 transcription, immunofluorescence of centrosomal appendages and cilia, interkinetic nuclear migration analysis Cellular and molecular life sciences Medium 25352170
2019 CCDC42 interacts with ODF2 (and ODF1) in the formation of the spermatid cytoskeleton. CCDC42 localizes to the manchette, head-to-tail coupling apparatus (HTCA), and sperm tail in spermatids, and also to the centrosome in somatic cells. Co-immunoprecipitation (CCDC42 with ODF2 and ODF1), immunofluorescence in spermatids and somatic cells Frontiers in cell and developmental biology Low 31475146
2013 Odf2/Cenexin transcription is repressed in cycling cells but upregulated in quiescent cells. C/EBPα, c-Jun, and the JNK pathway activator MEKK1 can enhance Odf2 transcription in cycling cells. Neither Rfx3, Foxj1, nor other predicted transcription factors activate Odf2 transcription. Promoter-reporter (luciferase) assays, co-expression of transcription factors, qRT-PCR Biochimica et biophysica acta Low 23458833
2022 FOXA1 is a transcriptional activator of Odf2/Cenexin. FOXA1 binds the Odf2 promoter (confirmed by ChIP), its knockdown decreases ODF2 protein levels and impairs primary cilia formation. Reporter gene assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot, ChIP, siRNA knockdown of FOXA1 with cilia formation assay Scientific reports Medium 36509813
2023 ODF2 negatively regulates CP110 levels at centrioles/basal bodies to control primary cilia formation. Knockdown of ODF2 increases CP110 levels, while ODF2 overexpression alone is insufficient to promote ciliogenesis. Co-expression of ODF2 with HYLS1 produces tube-like structures, suggesting ODF2 acts as a scaffold for NEURL4 or HYLS1 to mediate CP110 degradation. siRNA knockdown of ODF2, overexpression experiments, rapamycin-mediated dimerization for targeted centriolar recruitment, immunofluorescence for CP110 levels and cilia Cells Medium 37681926
2025 In Xenopus, Odf2 localizes to the basal foot of basal bodies in multiciliated cells (MCCs). Morpholino-mediated knockdown of Odf2 impairs basal foot morphogenesis, reduces microtubule nucleation rate from basal bodies, causes cilia disorientation and reduced beating. Additionally, Odf2 is required for MCC motility and homotypic repulsion prior to surface emergence, with reduced migration speed altering MCC spacing. Morpholino knockdown in Xenopus embryo epidermis, electron microscopy, live imaging of basal body polarization and cilia beating, mathematical simulation of MCC spacing Developmental biology Medium 39864486

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 37 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 Odf2-deficient mother centrioles lack distal/subdistal appendages and the ability to generate primary cilia. Nature cell biology 249 15852003
2012 Coordinated ciliary beating requires Odf2-mediated polarization of basal bodies via basal feet. Cell 179 22265411
1997 Interactional cloning of the 84-kDa major outer dense fiber protein Odf84. Leucine zippers mediate associations of Odf84 and Odf27. The Journal of biological chemistry 86 9045620
2009 Plk1-dependent and -independent roles of an ODF2 splice variant, hCenexin1, at the centrosome of somatic cells. Developmental cell 75 19386263
2013 Two appendages homologous between basal bodies and centrioles are formed using distinct Odf2 domains. The Journal of cell biology 73 24189274
2004 Outer dense fibre protein 2 (ODF2) is a self-interacting centrosomal protein with affinity for microtubules. Journal of cell science 65 15340007
2011 Trichoplein controls microtubule anchoring at the centrosome by binding to Odf2 and ninein. Journal of cell science 62 21325031
2019 CCDC42 Localizes to Manchette, HTCA and Tail and Interacts With ODF1 and ODF2 in the Formation of the Male Germ Cell Cytoskeleton. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 50 31475146
1998 Mouse Odf2 cDNAs consist of evolutionary conserved as well as highly variable sequences and encode outer dense fiber proteins of the sperm tail. Molecular reproduction and development 50 9740324
2019 Odf2 haploinsufficiency causes a new type of decapitated and decaudated spermatozoa, Odf2-DDS, in mice. Scientific reports 37 31582806
2019 Cep128 associates with Odf2 to form the subdistal appendage of the centriole. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 28 30623524
2022 Novel mutation in ODF2 causes multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella in an infertile male. Asian journal of andrology 25 35102900
2013 Essential role of Cenexin1, but not Odf2, in ciliogenesis. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 25 23343771
2008 Molecular dissection of ODF2/Cenexin revealed a short stretch of amino acids necessary for targeting to the centrosome and the primary cilium. European journal of cell biology 24 18171590
2016 Testis-specific serine/threonine protein kinase 4 (Tssk4) phosphorylates Odf2 at Ser-76. Scientific reports 23 26961893
2003 Genomic organisation and chromosomal assignment of ODF2 (outer dense fiber 2), encoding the main component of sperm tail outer dense fibers and a centrosomal scaffold protein. Cytogenetic and genome research 23 15004474
2021 Sperm proteins ODF2 and PAWP as markers of fertility in breeding bulls. Cell and tissue research 22 34762184
2008 Genomic origin, processing and developmental expression of testicular outer dense fiber 2 (ODF2) transcripts and a novel nucleolar localization of ODF2 protein. Molecular reproduction and development 22 18398819
2021 MicroRNA-targeting in spermatogenesis: Over-expressions of microRNA-23a/b-3p and its affected targeting of the genes ODF2 and UBQLN3 in spermatozoa of patients with oligoasthenozoospermia. Andrology 21 33784796
2018 ODF2 maintains centrosome cohesion by restricting β-catenin accumulation. Journal of cell science 15 30257984
2009 Mouse Odf2 localizes to centrosomes and basal bodies in adult tissues and to the photoreceptor primary cilium. Cell and tissue research 11 19756757
1998 Human outer dense fiber gene, ODF2, localizes to chromosome 9q34. Cytogenetics and cell genetics 11 10072582
2014 Pax6 controls centriole maturation in cortical progenitors through Odf2. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 9 25352170
2012 Specific expression of Kcna10, Pxn and Odf2 in the organ of Corti. Gene expression patterns : GEP 9 22446089
2022 ALDH3A2, ODF2, QSOX2, and MicroRNA-503-5p Expression to Forecast Recurrence in TMPRSS2-ERG-Positive Prostate Cancer. International journal of molecular sciences 8 36232996
2023 ODF2 Negatively Regulates CP110 Levels at the Centrioles/Basal Bodies to Control the Biogenesis of Primary Cilia. Cells 7 37681926
2013 Transcriptional activation of Odf2/Cenexin by cell cycle arrest and the stress activated signaling pathway (JNK pathway). Biochimica et biophysica acta 7 23458833
2023 Sperm DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in the sperm of men with oligozoospermia are closely related to anti-ODF2 autoantibodies. Pathology, research and practice 6 37086632
2012 Ectopic Expression of Cenexin1 S796A Mutant in ODF2(+/-) Knockout Background Causes a Sperm Tail Development Defect. Development & reproduction 6 25949111
2007 A sperm cytoskeletal protein TSA70 is a novel phosphorylated member of cenexin/odf2 family. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 6 17240355
2022 Peptide vaccine from cancer-testis antigen ODF2 can potentiate the cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration through IL-15 in non-MSI-H colorectal cancer. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 5 36251028
2022 FOXA1 is a transcriptional activator of Odf2/Cenexin and regulates primary ciliation. Scientific reports 4 36509813
2017 [Expressions of ODF2 mRNA and protein are down-regulated in the sperm of asthenospermia patients]. Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology 3 29738166
2007 A testis specific auto-antigen TSA70 belongs to Odf2/Cenexin family. Society of Reproduction and Fertility supplement 2 17566271
2025 Dual role of Xenopus Odf2 in multiciliated cell patterning and differentiation. Developmental biology 1 39864486
2023 Stable expression and multi-site location of Odf2 in mouse oocytes, sperm and early embryos. Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft 1 37364712
2022 [Impacts of ODF2 gene knockdown on the sperm motility and fertility of male mice]. Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology 1 37838951

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