Affinage

MNAT1

CDK-activating kinase assembly factor MAT1 · UniProt P51948

Length
309 aa
Mass
35.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
96 papers in source corpus 25 papers cited in narrative 25 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

MNAT1 (MAT1) is a RING-finger protein that functions as the essential assembly and regulatory subunit of the CDK7–cyclin H–MAT1 (CAK) complex, coupling CDK activation to transcription initiation and cell-cycle control. Structurally, its C-terminal domain binds and activates CDK7 by positioning the T-loop in an active conformation independently of T-loop phosphorylation, its coiled-coil domain tethers CAK to the TFIIH core through XPB/XPD contacts, and its N-terminal RING finger is required for TFIIH-dependent transcription and optimal CTD phosphorylation (PMID:10801852, PMID:33055219). Incorporation of MAT1 switches CDK7 substrate preference from CDK T-loops toward the RNA Pol II CTD, and genetic deletion abolishes Pol II Ser5 phosphorylation, mRNA capping, and productive elongation, while also blocking pRb phosphorylation and S-phase entry (PMID:9130709, PMID:21385826, PMID:11387217). Beyond transcription, MAT1-containing CAK phosphorylates PPARγ-S112 to inhibit adipogenesis and phosphorylates RARα/RXRα during retinoic-acid-induced differentiation, with ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of free MAT1 serving as a regulatory switch between proliferation and differentiation (PMID:18981214, PMID:15345685).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 1995 High

    Identification of MAT1 as the obligate third subunit of the CAK complex resolved how CDK7–cyclin H forms a stable, active kinase: MAT1 bridges and stabilizes the heterodimer into a functional heterotrimer.

    Evidence In vitro reconstitution in reticulocyte lysate with immunoprecipitation and cDNA cloning, replicated by two independent groups

    PMID:7588631 PMID:8521818

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for MAT1-mediated CDK7 activation unknown
    • Relative contribution of individual MAT1 domains unresolved
    • Whether MAT1 alters substrate selectivity not yet tested
  2. 1997 High

    MAT1 was shown to redirect CDK7 substrate specificity from CDK T-loop phosphorylation toward the Pol II CTD, establishing MAT1 as a substrate-selectivity switch within the CAK complex.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assays with recombinant binary vs. ternary complexes and substrate competition experiments

    PMID:9130709

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural mechanism of substrate redirection unknown
    • Whether this switch operates in vivo not directly demonstrated
  3. 2000 High

    Domain mapping established the modular architecture of MAT1: the C-terminal domain activates CDK7, the coiled-coil tethers CAK to TFIIH via XPB/XPD, and the RING finger is needed for transcription activation, while a solution structure revealed the RING finger's zinc-binding topology.

    Evidence Deletion mutagenesis with reconstituted TFIIH, kinase and transcription assays, and NMR structure of residues 1–65

    PMID:10801852 PMID:11056162

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length MAT1 structure unavailable
    • How the RING finger contributes to transcription at the molecular level unclear
  4. 2001 High

    Genetic deletion of Mat1 in mice revealed its essential role in cell proliferation (peri-implantation lethality, S-phase block) and demonstrated that MAT1 is required for Pol II CTD Ser5 and Ser2 phosphorylation in vivo, while MAT1-modulated CAK was linked to pRb phosphorylation and G1 exit.

    Evidence Mat1 knockout mice with BrdU incorporation and CTD-phosphorylation Western blots; antisense MAT1 abrogation with pRb phosphorylation and flow cytometry

    PMID:11113200 PMID:11387217

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether transcription defects are direct or secondary to CAK loss unclear
    • Post-mitotic cell transcription requirements not resolved
  5. 2001 High

    Studies in Drosophila showed that CDK7 T-loop phosphorylation and MAT1 binding cooperate to stabilize CAK, with T170 phosphorylation selectively boosting CTD kinase activity without affecting CDK2 phosphorylation, providing a mechanism for differential regulation of transcription vs. cell-cycle functions.

    Evidence In vivo phosphorylation-site mutagenesis in Drosophila combined with kinetic analysis of recombinant complexes

    PMID:11447116

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether this cooperativity is conserved in mammals not tested
    • Kinases responsible for T-loop phosphorylation not identified
  6. 2004 Medium

    Ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of CAK-free MAT1 upon retinoic acid signaling was identified as a mechanism coupling differentiation cues to downregulation of CAK activity and reduced phosphorylation of RARα/RXRα and pRb.

    Evidence Ubiquitination and proteasome inhibitor assays in neuroblastoma cells, combined with MAT1 loss- and gain-of-function

    PMID:15126328 PMID:15345685

    Open questions at the time
    • E3 ligase responsible for MAT1 ubiquitination not identified
    • In vivo relevance of RA-induced MAT1 degradation in differentiation not confirmed genetically
  7. 2008 High

    The CDK7–cyclin H–MAT1 complex was established as a physiological inhibitor of adipogenesis through direct phosphorylation of PPARγ at S112, with Mat1 knockout and Cdk7 knockdown both enhancing adipocyte differentiation.

    Evidence Mat1 KO MEFs, Cdk7 shRNA knockdown, PPARγ phosphorylation assay, and adipogenesis differentiation assay

    PMID:18981214

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether MAT1 regulates PPARγ in human adipose tissue in vivo unknown
    • Relative contribution of transcriptional vs. direct PPARγ phosphorylation not dissected
  8. 2011 High

    Detailed molecular analysis of Mat1-null fibroblasts demonstrated that Mat1 deletion dramatically reduces Pol II Ser5 phosphorylation, impairs mRNA capping and elongation, yet most steady-state mRNAs are maintained through compensatory stabilization, revealing a global mRNA buffering mechanism.

    Evidence Conditional KO fibroblasts with ChIP for Pol II phospho-isoforms, nascent transcription analysis, and capping assay

    PMID:21385826

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of compensatory mRNA stabilization not identified
    • Whether specific gene classes escape buffering unknown
  9. 2018 Medium

    MNAT1 was found to promote p53 degradation by physically interacting with p53 and enhancing the MDM2–p53 interaction, revealing a CDK-independent scaffolding role for MNAT1 in oncogenic signaling.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, p53 half-life measurements, and proliferation/apoptosis assays in colorectal cancer cells

    PMID:30477538

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether this function is CDK7-independent not rigorously tested
    • In vivo relevance in tumorigenesis not established genetically
    • Structural basis for MAT1–p53 interaction unknown
  10. 2020 High

    A crystal structure of the CAK complex at 2.6 Å resolved the long-standing question of how MAT1 activates CDK7: MAT1 directly positions the T-loop in its active conformation, achieving full activation independently of T-loop phosphorylation.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of Chaetomium thermophilum CAK with site-directed mutagenesis and in vitro kinase assays

    PMID:33055219

    Open questions at the time
    • Human CAK crystal structure not yet available
    • How T-loop positioning changes upon TFIIH integration not resolved structurally
  11. 2025 Medium

    A TDP-43-dependent cryptic exon in MNAT1 was discovered in iPSC-derived motor neurons and validated in ALS/FTD patient tissues, connecting TDP-43 pathology to aberrant MNAT1 splicing and potential CAK dysfunction in neurodegeneration.

    Evidence Long-read and short-read RNA-seq in iPSC-derived motor neurons with patient tissue validation

    PMID:40670663

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of cryptic exon inclusion on MAT1 protein or CAK activity unknown
    • Causal role in neurodegeneration not established
    • Whether aberrant isoform is translated not determined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the identity of the E3 ligase targeting free MAT1 for ubiquitin-dependent degradation, the structural basis for MAT1's CDK-independent roles (e.g. p53 scaffolding), and whether MAT1 cryptic exon inclusion in ALS/FTD is functionally consequential for CAK-dependent transcription in neurons.
  • E3 ligase for MAT1 ubiquitination not identified
  • No structure of human full-length CAK or CAK within TFIIH at atomic resolution
  • Functional impact of disease-associated MNAT1 isoforms untested

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 2
Localization
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm 2 GO:0005634 nucleus 1
Pathway
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 4 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 2
Partners
CCNHCDK7MCM7MTA1RB1TP53XPBXPD
Complex memberships
CDK7–cyclin H–MAT1 (CAK)TFIIH

Evidence

Reading pass · 25 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1995 MAT1 (MNAT1) is a RING finger (C3HC4 motif) protein that acts as a third subunit stabilizing the CDK7–cyclin H heterodimer into a stable heterotrimer; stable ternary CAK complexes were reconstituted in reticulocyte lysates programmed with CDK7, cyclin H, and MAT1 mRNAs, whereas no stable heterodimer formed without MAT1. In vitro reconstitution in reticulocyte lysate, immunoprecipitation, cDNA cloning The EMBO journal High 7588631 8521818
1995 Reconstituted CDK7–cyclin H–MAT1 ternary complexes display kinase activity toward CDK T-loop substrates and the RNA polymerase II CTD regardless of whether immunoprecipitated from HeLa cells or assembled in reticulocyte lysate; the RING finger domain of MAT1 is not required for ternary complex formation with CDK7–cyclin H. In vitro kinase assay, immunoprecipitation from HeLa cells, reticulocyte lysate reconstitution, deletion mutagenesis The EMBO journal High 8521818
1996 MAT1 associates with CDK7 and cyclin H as part of TFIIH; the CAK sub-complex can be dissociated from TFIIH at high salt, and MAT1 stimulates CDK7 kinase activity although it is not strictly required for complex formation or basal activity. TFIIH-associated kinase activity is reduced after UV irradiation. Biochemical fractionation of TFIIH, kinase assay, UV irradiation experiment The EMBO journal High 8617234
1997 Addition of MAT1 to recombinant bipartite CDK7–cyclin H switches its substrate preference from CDK2 T-loop phosphorylation toward the RNA polymerase II CTD; TFIIH-associated CDK7 further broadens specificity to include TFIIE and TFIIF, substrates not recognized by free CAK. In vitro kinase assay with recombinant proteins, substrate competition experiments The EMBO journal High 9130709
1997 MAT1 interacts with POU domains of Oct-1, Oct-2, and Oct-3 in a DNA-independent manner (identified by yeast two-hybrid, confirmed in vitro), and MAT1-containing TFIIH interacts with Oct-1 and Oct-2 POU domains; this interaction enhances CAK-mediated phosphorylation of the CTD and intact Oct-1 but not CDK2. Yeast two-hybrid screen, GST pulldown, in vitro kinase assay, phosphopeptide mapping The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 9368058
1997 CDK7–cyclin H–MAT1 and the TFIIH subunit p62 localize to coiled bodies in the nucleus; cyclin H coiled-body localization is predominantly detected during G1 and S phases but not in G2, suggesting cell-cycle-regulated subnuclear targeting of the CAK complex. Immunofluorescence microscopy, cell cycle staging Molecular biology of the cell Medium 9243502
2000 Domain dissection of MAT1 shows: the C-terminal domain binds CDK7–cyclin H and activates CDK7 kinase; the median coiled-coil domain tethers CAK to the TFIIH core via interactions with both XPD and XPB helicases; and the N-terminal RING finger domain is required for TFIIH-dependent transcription activation and optimal CTD phosphorylation. Deletion mutagenesis, recombinant TFIIH reconstitution, kinase assay, transcription assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 10801852
2000 Solution NMR structure of the human MAT1 RING finger domain (residues 1–65) reveals a βαββ topology with two interleaved zinc-binding sites, an additional N-terminal helical segment, and a conserved hydrophobic central β-strand that define a MAT1-specific RING finger subfamily; a notable positively charged surface is present. NMR spectroscopy (1H NMR), structure determination The Journal of biological chemistry High 11056162
2000 MAT1 physically interacts with MCM7 (a DNA licensing factor); the interaction was identified by yeast two-hybrid, confirmed by in vitro protein binding, and shown in vivo by co-immunoprecipitation of MCM7 with the CAK complex in human osteosarcoma cells; the RING finger of MAT1 is dispensable but the C-terminal domain is required. Yeast two-hybrid, in vitro binding assay, co-immunoprecipitation FEBS letters Medium 11056214
2001 Deletion of murine Mat1 causes peri-implantation lethality; Mat1-/- blastocysts fail to proliferate in mitotic lineages and cannot enter S phase, while post-mitotic trophoblast giant cells survive. Mat1-/- cells show dramatically reduced phosphorylation of RNA Pol II CTD at both Ser5 and Ser2. Conditional gene knockout in mice, BrdU incorporation (S-phase entry), Western blot for CTD phosphorylation The EMBO journal High 11387217
2001 In Drosophila, T-loop phosphorylation at Ser164 or Thr170 of CDK7 and MAT1 binding cooperate to stabilize the CAK complex in vivo; phosphorylation of Thr170 specifically enhances CTD kinase activity (but not CDK2 activity) by accelerating enzyme turnover without affecting CDK2 phosphorylation, providing a mechanism to differentially regulate transcription versus cell-cycle CDK activation. In vivo CDK7 phosphorylation-site mutagenesis (Drosophila), kinetic analysis of recombinant complexes, immunoprecipitation The EMBO journal High 11447116
2001 MAT1-modulated CAK activity regulates G1 exit: antisense abrogation of MAT1 inhibits pRb phosphorylation and cyclin E expression; CAK phosphorylation of pRb is MAT1 dose-dependent but cyclin D1/CDK4-independent; and MAT1 physically interacts with pRb. Antisense RNA abrogation, co-immunoprecipitation, Western blot for pRb phosphorylation, flow cytometry Molecular and cellular biology Medium 11113200
2002 CK2 phosphorylates cyclin H at Thr315 (C-terminal end); this phosphorylation does not affect assembly of the cyclin H/CDK7/MAT1 complex but is required for full kinase activity of the complex toward CTD and CDK2 substrates. In vitro kinase assay with CK2, point mutagenesis of cyclin H, complex assembly assay Oncogene Medium 12140753
2002 Conditional deletion of Mat1 in post-mitotic myelinating Schwann cells does not impair myelination or the transcriptional program underlying it; long-term loss eventually causes hypomyelination coupled to proliferation, suggesting Mat1 is regulatory rather than essential for Pol II transcription in these differentiated cells. Cre/loxP conditional knockout in Schwann cells, histological and electrophysiological analysis Journal of cell science Medium 12376559
2003 MTA1 (metastasis-associated protein 1) interacts with MAT1 both in vitro and in vivo; MTA1 binds the N-terminal RING finger domain of MAT1; MAT1 in turn interacts with the AF2 domain of estrogen receptor α (ERα); MTA1 overexpression inhibits CAK-mediated phosphorylation of ERα and recruits HDAC2 to suppress CAK-stimulated ER transactivation. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, GST pulldown, in vitro kinase assay, reporter assay The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 12527756
2004 Retinoic acid (RA) induces ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation specifically of CAK-free MAT1; this ubiquitination reduces CAK abundance and decreases CAK phosphorylation of RARα, providing a mechanism for RA-mediated proliferation/differentiation transition. Ubiquitination assay, proteasome inhibitor treatment, immunoprecipitation, kinase assay FASEB journal Medium 15345685
2004 In neuroblastoma cells, CAK phosphorylates both pRb and RXRα; RA-induced differentiation is associated with a switch from CAK hyperphosphorylation to hypophosphorylation of pRb/RXRα; reducing MAT1 mimics RA-induced hypophosphorylation and neurite outgrowth, while MAT1 overexpression resists RA effects. Immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, antisense/overexpression of MAT1, morphological analysis Cancer research Medium 15126328
2011 Deletion of Mat1 in mouse fibroblasts causes dramatically reduced RNA Pol II Ser5 phosphorylation, defective mRNA capping, reduced Ser2 phosphorylation, decreased Pol II elongation, and severely attenuated nascent transcription; despite this, most steady-state mRNAs are not decreased, indicating widespread mRNA stabilization upon transcriptional attenuation. Conditional KO fibroblasts, ChIP for Pol II phospho-isoforms, nascent mRNA analysis, capping assay Nucleic acids research High 21385826
2008 Mat1 and Cdk7 are absent from adipose tissue in vivo and are downregulated during adipogenesis; Mat1-/- MEFs and Cdk7 knockdown both enhance adipogenesis; mechanistically, the Cdk7 complex inhibits PPARγ activity by phosphorylating PPARγ-S112, making the Cdk7/cyclin H/Mat1 module a physiological inhibitor of adipocyte differentiation. Mat1 KO MEFs, Cdk7 shRNA knockdown, PPARγ phosphorylation assay, adipogenesis differentiation assay Molecular and cellular biology High 18981214
2013 Intact MAT1 maintains CAK assembly and supports hematopoietic stem cell expansion; intrinsic MAT1 fragmentation during granulopoiesis generates a 81-aa fragment (pM9) retaining the CAK-assembly domain but unable to anchor CAK to TFIIH-core. Overexpressing pM9 forms a dominant-negative ΔCAK that concurrently suppresses CAK and TFIIH kinase activities to inhibit leukemic cell growth. Overexpression of truncation mutants in humanized mouse model and in vitro, kinase activity assays, xenograft Stem cells Medium 23765726
2018 MNAT1 physically interacts with p53 (co-immunoprecipitation) and increases the interaction between MDM2 and p53, thereby mediating p53 ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation; MNAT1 overexpression shortens p53 half-life and decreases p53 stability, increasing colorectal cancer cell proliferation and suppressing apoptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation, Western blot for p53 stability, ubiquitination assay, KO/KD cell proliferation and apoptosis assays Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 30477538
2020 Crystal structure of the CAK complex (CDK7–cyclin H–MAT1) from Chaetomium thermophilum at 2.6 Å resolution reveals a network of interactions between CDK7 and both MAT1 and cyclin H; in vitro activity measurements and functional mutagenesis demonstrate that CDK7 T-loop activation can occur independently of T-loop phosphorylation and is exclusively MAT1-dependent, with MAT1 positioning the T-loop in its active conformation. X-ray crystallography, in vitro kinase assay, site-directed mutagenesis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 33055219
2021 CVB3 capsid protein VP1 directly interacts with MAT1 (identified by yeast two-hybrid, confirmed by co-IP and confocal co-localization); VP1 inhibits MAT1 accumulation and its interaction with CDK7, suppresses CAK phosphorylation of RNA Pol II CTD and CDK4/6, and arrests cells in G1/S; the C-terminal domain of VP1 (residues 768–859) is the minimal region required for MAT1 interaction. Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, kinase assay, deletion mutagenesis, flow cytometry PLoS pathogens Medium 33556114
2025 Long-read RNA sequencing (IsoRefiner method) identifies a novel TDP-43-dependent cryptic exon in MNAT1 in iPSC-derived motor neurons; the cryptic exon-containing full-length MNAT1 isoform is detected in ALS and FTD patient samples, linking TDP-43 dysfunction to aberrant MNAT1 splicing. Long-read RNA-seq, short-read RNA-seq, iPSC-derived motor neurons, patient tissue validation Communications biology Medium 40670663
1998 The human MNAT1 gene was mapped to chromosome band 14q23 by fluorescence in situ hybridization, somatic cell hybrid analyses, and YAC contig mapping. FISH, somatic cell hybrid analysis, YAC contig mapping Genomics Medium 9465303

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 96 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1995 MAT1 ('menage à trois') a new RING finger protein subunit stabilizing cyclin H-cdk7 complexes in starfish and Xenopus CAK. The EMBO journal 212 7588631
1995 In vitro assembly of a functional human CDK7-cyclin H complex requires MAT1, a novel 36 kDa RING finger protein. The EMBO journal 181 8521818
1997 Regulation of CDK7 substrate specificity by MAT1 and TFIIH. The EMBO journal 162 9130709
2001 T-loop phosphorylation stabilizes the CDK7-cyclin H-MAT1 complex in vivo and regulates its CTD kinase activity. The EMBO journal 117 11447116
1996 MAT1, cdk7 and cyclin H form a kinase complex which is UV light-sensitive upon association with TFIIH. The EMBO journal 114 8617234
2001 A DNA replication-arrest site RTS1 regulates imprinting by determining the direction of replication at mat1 in S. pombe. Genes & development 100 11511538
1991 A novel switch-activating site (SAS1) and its cognate binding factor (SAP1) required for efficient mat1 switching in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The EMBO journal 95 1915277
2010 Functional characterization of MAT1-1-specific mating-type genes in the homothallic ascomycete Sordaria macrospora provides new insights into essential and nonessential sexual regulators. Eukaryotic cell 91 20435701
2001 Inability to enter S phase and defective RNA polymerase II CTD phosphorylation in mice lacking Mat1. The EMBO journal 79 11387217
2007 DNA sequence characterization and molecular evolution of MAT1 and MAT2 mating-type loci of the self-compatible ascomycete mold Neosartorya fischeri. Eukaryotic cell 78 17384199
1997 The cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase (CAK) assembly factor, MAT1, targets and enhances CAK activity on the POU domains of octamer transcription factors. The Journal of biological chemistry 75 9368058
1995 Two-step activation of meiosis by the mat1 locus in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Molecular and cellular biology 71 7651414
2000 Distinct regions of MAT1 regulate cdk7 kinase and TFIIH transcription activities. The Journal of biological chemistry 70 10801852
2006 The wild-type Schizosaccharomyces pombe mat1 imprint consists of two ribonucleotides. EMBO reports 61 16299470
1994 Mating pheromone-induced expression of the mat1-Pm gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe: identification of signalling components and characterization of upstream controlling elements. Yeast (Chichester, England) 55 7975894
1997 The cdk7-cyclin H-MAT1 complex associated with TFIIH is localized in coiled bodies. Molecular biology of the cell 54 9243502
1995 Molecular cloning of CDK7-associated human MAT1, a cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase (CAK) assembly factor. Cancer research 51 8521393
2011 Requirement of TFIIH kinase subunit Mat1 for RNA Pol II C-terminal domain Ser5 phosphorylation, transcription and mRNA turnover. Nucleic acids research 49 21385826
2003 MTA1 interacts with MAT1, a cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase complex ring finger factor, and regulates estrogen receptor transactivation functions. The Journal of biological chemistry 49 12527756
2020 Reduction of mNAT1/hNAT2 Contributes to Cerebral Endothelial Necroptosis and Aβ Accumulation in Alzheimer's Disease. Cell reports 43 33296651
2000 Solution structure of the N-terminal domain of the human TFIIH MAT1 subunit: new insights into the RING finger family. The Journal of biological chemistry 42 11056162
1997 Cell differentiation by interaction of two HMG-box proteins: Mat1-Mc activates M cell-specific genes in S.pombe by recruiting the ubiquitous transcription factor Ste11 to weak binding sites. The EMBO journal 42 9233811
2020 Structural basis for CDK7 activation by MAT1 and Cyclin H. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 38 33055219
2008 Mating type protein Mat1-2 from asexual Aspergillus fumigatus drives sexual reproduction in fertile Aspergillus nidulans. Eukaryotic cell 38 18245277
2013 Isolation of the MAT1-1 mating type idiomorph and evidence for selfing in the Chinese medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis. Fungal biology 34 24012300
2005 Phylogenetic relationships between members of the crucifer pathogenic Leptosphaeria maculans species complex as shown by mating type (MAT1-2), actin, and beta-tubulin sequences. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 32 16122948
1991 The mechanism of fission yeast mating type interconversion: seal/replicate/cleave model of replication across the double-stranded break site at mat1. Genetics 32 2016051
2002 The cyclin H/cdk7/Mat1 kinase activity is regulated by CK2 phosphorylation of cyclin H. Oncogene 30 12140753
2001 MAT1-modulated CAK activity regulates cell cycle G(1) exit. Molecular and cellular biology 30 11113200
2008 Mat1 inhibits peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-mediated adipocyte differentiation. Molecular and cellular biology 29 18981214
2000 Inhibition of rabbit keratocyte and human fetal lens epithelial cell proliferation by retrovirus-mediated transfer of antisense cyclin G1 and antisense MAT1 constructs. Human gene therapy 29 10646634
1997 Is Cdk7/cyclin H/MAT1 the genuine cdk activating kinase in cycling Xenopus egg extracts? Oncogene 29 9315098
1994 Identification of a mammary transforming gene (MAT1) associated with mouse mammary carcinogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 29 7937892
2000 Fate of mat1 DNA strands during mating-type switching in fission yeast. EMBO reports 28 11265754
1981 The mat-1 gene in Chlamydomonas regulates DNA methylation during gametogenesis. Cell 27 6263491
2010 Functional analysis of the Cdk7.cyclin H.Mat1 complex in mouse embryonic stem cells and embryos. The Journal of biological chemistry 25 20231280
2004 Biochemical interactions between proteins and mat1 cis-acting sequences required for imprinting in fission yeast. Molecular and cellular biology 24 15509785
2006 Tagging target genes of the MAT1-2-1 transcription factor in Fusarium verticillioides (Gibberella fujikuroi MP-A). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 23 17124547
2002 Conditional ablation of the Mat1 subunit of TFIIH in Schwann cells provides evidence that Mat1 is not required for general transcription. Journal of cell science 22 12376559
2020 MNAT1 promotes proliferation and the chemo-resistance of osteosarcoma cell to cisplatin through regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. BMC cancer 21 33272245
1999 RNA antisense abrogation of MAT1 induces G1 phase arrest and triggers apoptosis in aortic smooth muscle cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 21 10026172
2000 Expression of MAT1/PEA-15 mRNA isoforms during physiological and neoplastic changes in the mouse mammary gland. Cancer letters 20 10737714
1986 Purification to apparent homogeneity of the mating pheromone of mat-1 homozygous Euplotes raikovi. The Journal of biological chemistry 20 3090035
2011 Cloning and analysis of the MAT1-2-1 gene from the traditional Chinese medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis. Fungal biology 19 21802050
1997 Modulation of Dehydration Tolerance in Soybean Seedlings (Dehydrin Mat1 Is Induced by Dehydration but Not by Abscisic Acid). Plant physiology 19 12223753
2020 MAT1-1-3, a Mating Type Gene in the Villosiclava virens, Is Required for Fruiting Bodies and Sclerotia Formation, Asexual Development and Pathogenicity. Frontiers in microbiology 18 32714294
2017 The novel Aspergillus fumigatus MAT1-2-4 mating-type gene is required for mating and cleistothecia formation. Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B 18 28889020
2016 Direct repeat-mediated DNA deletion of the mating type MAT1-2 genes results in unidirectional mating type switching in Sclerotinia trifoliorum. Scientific reports 16 27255676
2011 The MAT1-2-1 mating-type gene upregulates photo-inducible carotenoid biosynthesis in Fusarium verticillioides. FEMS microbiology letters 16 21314709
2019 MAT1 facilitates the lung metastasis of osteosarcoma through upregulation of AKT1 expression. Life sciences 15 31421084
2013 Sporothrix schenckii (sensu strict S. globosa) mating type 1-2 (MAT1-2) gene. The Journal of dermatology 15 23855744
2018 Unexpected placement of the MAT1-1-2 gene in the MAT1-2 idiomorph of Thielaviopsis. Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B 14 29409964
2012 Both mating types in the heterothallic fungus Ophiostoma quercus contain MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 genes. Fungal biology 14 22385624
2004 MAT1-modulated cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase activity cross-regulates neuroblastoma cell G1 arrest and neurite outgrowth. Cancer research 14 15126328
2000 The MAT1 cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase (CAK) assembly/targeting factor interacts physically with the MCM7 DNA licensing factor. FEBS letters 14 11056214
2014 The MAT1-1:MAT1-2 ratio of Sporothrix globosa isolates in Japan. Mycopathologia 13 25230800
2004 Retinoid-modulated MAT1 ubiquitination and CAK activity. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 13 15345685
2020 The regulatory effect of has-circ-0001146/miR-26a-5p/MNAT1 network on the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma. Bioscience reports 12 32453410
2020 Two mating-type genes MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-1-2 with significant functions in conidiation, stress response, sexual development, and pathogenicity of rice false smut fungus Villosiclava virens. Current genetics 12 32572596
2013 The lost intrinsic fragmentation of MAT1 protein during granulopoiesis promotes the growth and metastasis of leukemic myeloblasts. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 12 23765726
1995 MAT-1, a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes human tyrosinase. The Journal of investigative dermatology 12 7490469
2022 Chromosomal instability-associated MAT1 lncRNA insulates MLL1-guided histone methylation and accelerates tumorigenesis. Cell reports 11 36516779
2018 MNAT1 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer and mediates p53 ubiquitin-degradation to promote colorectal cancer malignance. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 11 30477538
2014 Mating type gene (MAT1-2) of Trichophyton verrucosum. Mycopathologia 10 24414097
2012 Mating type gene (MAT1-1) in Japanese isolates of Trichophyton rubrum. Mycopathologia 10 23212652
2004 A uniform procedure for the purification of CDK7/CycH/MAT1, CDK8/CycC and CDK9/CycT1. Biological procedures online 10 15328539
2020 The novel Huntiella omanensis mating gene, MAT1-2-7, is essential for ascomatal maturation. Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B 9 31958567
2017 Self-fertility in Chromocrea spinulosa is a consequence of direct repeat-mediated loss of MAT1-2, subsequent imbalance of nuclei differing in mating type, and recognition between unlike nuclei in a common cytoplasm. PLoS genetics 9 28892488
2021 CVB3 VP1 interacts with MAT1 to inhibit cell proliferation by interfering with Cdk-activating kinase complex activity in CVB3-induced acute pancreatitis. PLoS pathogens 8 33556114
2023 Epigenetic upregulation of MNAT1 by SMYD2 is linked to PI3K/AKT activation and tumorigenesis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Histology and histopathology 7 37232506
2021 The master regulator MAT1-1-1 of fungal mating binds to its targets via a conserved motif in the human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. G3 (Bethesda, Md.) 7 33598704
2019 Role of Cdc23/Mcm10 in generating the ribonucleotide imprint at the mat1 locus in fission yeast. Nucleic acids research 7 30759238
2008 Identification of differentially expressed proteins in a mat1-2-deleted strain of Gibberella zeae, using a comparative proteomics analysis. Current genetics 7 18214489
1989 A mating-type-specific sterility gene map1 is required for transcription of a mating-type gene mat1-Pi in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. FEMS microbiology letters 7 2792737
2022 Discovery of Pongol, the Furanoflavonoid, as an Inhibitor of CDK7/Cyclin H/MAT1 and Its Preliminary Structure-Activity Relationship. ACS omega 6 36643464
2021 Genome sequencing of the neotype strain CBS 554.65 reveals the MAT1-2 locus of Aspergillus niger. BMC genomics 6 34548025
2016 Analysis of the MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 Gene Ratio in Black Koji Molds Isolated from Meju. Mycobiology 6 28154484
1998 Mapping of the human genes encoding cyclin H (CCNH) and the CDK-activating kinase (CAK) assembly factor MAT1 (MNAT1) to chromosome bands 5q13.3-q14 and 14q23, respectively. Genomics 6 9465303
2016 Molecular cloning and expression analysis of MAT1 gene in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Genetics and molecular research : GMR 5 26909956
2025 Long-read RNA sequencing unveils a novel cryptic exon in MNAT1 along with its full-length transcript structure in TDP-43 proteinopathy. Communications biology 3 40670663
2022 The Penicillium chrysogenum tom1 Gene a Major Target of Transcription Factor MAT1-1-1 Encodes a Nuclear Protein Involved in Sporulation. Frontiers in fungal biology 3 37746180
2014 An intragenic deletion of the gene MNAT1 in a family with pectus deformities. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 3 24664931
2007 [Experimental study of MAT1 gene silencing mediated by siRNA in pancreatic cancer]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 3 18167254
2022 Truncation of MAT1-2-7 Deregulates Developmental Pathways Associated with Sexual Reproduction in Huntiella omanensis. Microbiology spectrum 2 36154282
2019 [MNAT1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer and its biological cellular impact]. Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology 2 31422594
2005 [The effect of recombinant adenovirus encoding antisense MAT1 on cell cycle of human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 2 16029636
1996 Isolation of a cDNA for the human homolog of MAT-1 oncogene and its expression in human breast cancer cells. Oncology reports 2 21594331
2024 A Fusarium verticillioides MAT1-2 Strain near Isogenic to the Sequenced FGSC7600 Strain for Producing Homozygous Multigene Mutants. Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) 1 39194917
2023 Unidirectional mating-type switching is underpinned by a conserved MAT1 locus architecture. Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B 1 38114017
2014 Cloning of mating-type gene MAT1-1 from the caterpillar medicinal mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes) using TAIL-PCR technology. International journal of medicinal mushrooms 1 25271980
2000 The mating-type region of Schizosaccharomyces pombe h(-S) 972: sequencing and analysis of 69 kb including the expressed mat1 locus. Yeast (Chichester, England) 1 10923028
2026 Homologous recombination mutants cause differing lethality between h- and h+ Schizosaccharomyces pombe strains due to mat1 heterochromatin. The FEBS journal 0 41873186
2025 Mitochondrial apoptosis induced by MNAT1 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells reverses drug resistance. Translational oncology 0 40651179
2025 Integrating scRNA-seq and machine learning identifies MNAT1 as a therapeutic target in OSCC. Frontiers in immunology 0 41235252
2006 [Analysis of mutations in the mat1 region of Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain with the deletion of gene rhp55+]. Genetika 0 16808240
1996 Detection of mouse tyrosinase with a monoclonal antibody MAT-1 against human tyrosinase. Pigment cell research 0 9125753