Affinage

MMP3

Stromelysin-1 · UniProt P08254

Round 2 corrected
Length
477 aa
Mass
54.0 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus 38 papers cited in narrative 38 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

MMP3 (stromelysin-1) is a secreted zinc-dependent endopeptidase synthesized as a proenzyme and activated stepwise by serine proteinases and autocatalytic intermolecular cleavage, with its catalytic zinc coordinated by conserved histidines and inhibited by TIMP-1 through bidentate Cys1–zinc chelation (PMID:3477804, PMID:2383557, PMID:9288970). MMP3 degrades a broad spectrum of ECM substrates—including proteoglycan, fibronectin, laminin, type IV collagen, decorin, IGFBP-3, osteopontin, and myelin basic protein—and processes chemokines (MCP-1/2/3/4) into receptor antagonists that dampen inflammation, as well as cleaving FasL to promote osteoclast apoptosis downstream of estrogen/ERα signaling (PMID:3477804, PMID:9148753, PMID:12149192, PMID:22927007). Transcription of MMP3 is induced by IL-1β, TNF-α, and adiponectin through convergent ERK/p38/JNK MAPK, NF-κB, and AP-1 pathways, with additional regulation by NFAT, STAT3, IRF8, and BMAL1, and a functional 5A/6A promoter polymorphism that modulates expression levels; post-transcriptionally, IGF2BP3 stabilizes MMP3 mRNA via m6A recognition (PMID:12009331, PMID:8662692, PMID:23625833, PMID:37188676). MMP3 drives epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, mammary tumor initiation, Rac1b-dependent pancreatic cancer progression, blood–brain barrier permeability via ERK-dependent tight junction degradation, and brain metastasis upon epigenetic derepression by KDM6A following KMT2C/D loss (PMID:10428026, PMID:24850902, PMID:33859779, PMID:38926506).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 16 steps
  1. 1986 High

    Cloning of MMP3 cDNA established it as a secreted proenzyme with a zinc-binding catalytic domain homologous to thermolysin, placing it within the matrix metalloproteinase family.

    Evidence cDNA cloning and sequence analysis from human fibroblasts

    PMID:3030290

    Open questions at the time
    • No enzymatic activity demonstrated
    • No substrates identified
    • Activation mechanism unknown
  2. 1987 High

    Biochemical characterization of purified MMP3 defined its ECM substrate repertoire (proteoglycan, fibronectin, laminin, type IV collagen) and showed trypsin-mediated N-terminal propeptide removal generates the active 45-kDa enzyme.

    Evidence Protein purification, substrate cleavage assays, N-terminal sequencing, SDS-PAGE

    PMID:3477804

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological activating proteinases unidentified
    • Structural basis of catalysis unknown
  3. 1990 High

    Detailed kinetic dissection revealed that proMMP-3 activation is a stepwise process: serine proteinases cleave the propeptide at distinct sites to generate intermediates, followed by bimolecular autolytic processing to the fully active species—establishing the activation cascade as a regulated multi-step event.

    Evidence Kinetic analysis and N-terminal sequencing of activation intermediates in vitro

    PMID:2383557

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo relevance of individual serine proteinase activators not tested
    • Cysteine-switch mechanism structurally unresolved
  4. 1995 High

    Crystal structures of the proenzyme and catalytic domain of MMP3 resolved the cysteine-switch mechanism: the prodomain occupies the active site in reverse orientation relative to substrates, explaining latency.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of proenzyme and catalytic domain

    PMID:8535233

    Open questions at the time
    • Inhibitor-bound structure not yet available
    • S1' pocket substrate selectivity rules not defined structurally
  5. 1996 High

    Identification of a functional 5A/6A promoter polymorphism showed that differential nuclear protein binding regulates MMP3 transcriptional output, linking genetic variation to disease-relevant expression differences.

    Evidence CAT reporter assay, EMSA, DNase I footprinting in human cells

    PMID:8662692

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the repressor protein(s) binding the 6A allele unknown
    • Mechanism of allele-specific regulation incomplete
  6. 1997 High

    The MMP3–TIMP-1 co-crystal structure defined the inhibition mechanism: TIMP-1 Cys1 bidentately coordinates the catalytic zinc, and Thr2 inserts into the S1' pocket, explaining both broad MMP inhibition and specificity determinants.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of MMP-3/TIMP-1 complex

    PMID:9288970

    Open questions at the time
    • TIMP-2/3/4 inhibition mechanisms not compared structurally
    • Dynamics of TIMP displacement during activation not studied
  7. 1997 High

    Discovery that MMP3 cleaves decorin to release sequestered TGF-β1 expanded MMP3 function from simple ECM degradation to growth factor mobilization.

    Evidence In vitro cleavage assays with purified enzyme, N-terminal sequencing, TGF-β1 release assay

    PMID:9148753

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo physiological relevance of decorin-TGF-β1 release by MMP3 not demonstrated
  8. 1999 High

    Transgenic MMP3 expression in mammary epithelium was sufficient to drive epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invasive tumor formation, rescued by TIMP1 co-expression, establishing MMP3 as a tumor initiator rather than merely a progression factor.

    Evidence Tet-regulated transgenic mouse, TIMP1 rescue, histopathology

    PMID:10428026

    Open questions at the time
    • Substrate(s) mediating EMT not identified
    • Relevance to human breast cancer initiation not directly shown
  9. 2000 High

    MMP3 cleavage of MCP chemokines between residues 4 and 5 generates truncated forms that act as receptor antagonists, revealing a novel anti-inflammatory role for MMP3 in modulating chemokine signaling.

    Evidence Purified enzyme cleavage, N-terminal sequencing, receptor binding, chemotaxis, and in vivo inflammation model

    PMID:10947989 PMID:12149192

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative in vivo contribution of MMP3 versus other MCPs-processing MMPs not resolved
  10. 2002 High

    Mapping of IL-1β-induced MMP3 transcription demonstrated convergent requirement for ERK, p38, JNK MAPK cascades plus AP-1 and NF-κB, establishing MMP3 as a hub target of multiple inflammatory signaling arms.

    Evidence Pharmacological MAPK inhibitors with RT-PCR readouts in human and bovine chondrocytes

    PMID:12009331

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of each pathway under physiological stimulus concentrations unclear
    • Promoter elements for each TF not mapped
  11. 2013 High

    Multiple studies revealed cell-type-specific transcriptional regulators of MMP3: NFATc3 drives calcium-dependent MMP3 induction in astrocytes, STAT3 activates MMP3 in brain endothelial cells, and estrogen/ERα induces MMP3 in osteoblasts where it cleaves FasL to control osteoclast apoptosis.

    Evidence Constitutively active NFATc3 OE/CsA inhibition/reporter in astrocytes; ChIP/reporter for STAT3 in endothelial cells; EGFP-FasL cleavage assay/MMP3 siRNA/ERαKO osteoblasts

    PMID:22927007 PMID:23625833 PMID:23967200

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether NFATc3 vs STAT3 vs ERα pathways converge on shared promoter elements is unknown
    • FasL cleavage site not determined
  12. 2014 High

    MMP3 was shown to stimulate Rac1b expression in pancreatic cancer cells and cooperate with oncogenic KRAS to drive acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and immune infiltration, defining a non-ECM signaling role in pancreatic tumorigenesis.

    Evidence Transgenic mice (MMP3 + KRAS), recombinant MMP3 treatment of cancer cells, invasion assays, human tissue analysis

    PMID:24850902

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which MMP3 induces Rac1b splicing not identified
    • Direct versus indirect Rac1b regulation unclear
  13. 2019 Medium

    ERK1 (not ERK2) was identified as the specific isoform phosphorylating ATF-2 to drive IL-1β-induced MMP3 expression in dermal fibroblasts, refining the MAPK-to-MMP3 signaling axis.

    Evidence Isoform-specific ERK1/ERK2 siRNA, ATF-2 inhibitor, Western blot of phospho-ATF-2

    PMID:31536594

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ERK1 specificity applies beyond dermal fibroblasts is untested
    • Single lab, not independently replicated
  14. 2021 Medium

    MMP3 disrupts blood–brain barrier integrity through ERK-dependent degradation of tight junction and VE-cadherin proteins, demonstrated by MMP3 KO mice showing preserved barrier function and reduced dye extravasation.

    Evidence MMP3 KO mice, TEER/Transwell assays, in vivo dye extravasation, ERK inhibitor rescue

    PMID:33859779

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct TJ protein cleavage sites not mapped
    • Contribution of MMP3 versus secondary signaling to TJ loss not dissected
  15. 2023 Medium

    Post-transcriptional regulation of MMP3 mRNA by IGF2BP3 through m6A recognition was identified, demonstrating that MMP3 output is controlled at the mRNA stability level in addition to transcriptional regulation, with functional relevance to cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration.

    Evidence RIP assay for IGF2BP3–MMP3 mRNA interaction, m6A analysis, gain/loss-of-function in mouse MI model

    PMID:37188676

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific m6A sites on MMP3 mRNA not mapped
    • Whether this mechanism operates in non-cardiac contexts unknown
  16. 2024 High

    Epigenetic derepression of MMP3 via KDM6A-mediated H3K27me3 removal upon KMT2C/D loss was shown to be necessary and sufficient for brain metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer, establishing MMP3 as a critical effector downstream of chromatin dysregulation.

    Evidence KMT2C/D KO mice, ChIP-seq (H3K4me1/H3K27ac/H3K27me3/KDM6A), MMP3 shRNA, KDM6A inhibitor, in vivo brain metastasis, human TNBC samples

    PMID:38926506

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether MMP3 is the sole mediator of KMT2C/D-loss brain metastasis or one of several effectors is unresolved
    • Substrate(s) mediating BBB crossing not identified

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the identity of direct MMP3 substrate(s) mediating EMT and brain metastasis, the structural basis for Rac1b induction, whether extracellular vesicle–mediated MMP3 transfer is physiologically significant, and comprehensive mapping of MMP3 cleavage sites in the degradome in vivo.
  • No in vivo degradomic/TAILS study of MMP3 substrates
  • EV-mediated MMP3 delivery lacks independent validation
  • Rac1b induction mechanism completely uncharacterized

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 9 GO:0016787 hydrolase activity 6
Localization
GO:0005576 extracellular region 3 GO:0031012 extracellular matrix 3
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 5 R-HSA-1474244 Extracellular matrix organization 4 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 2
Partners
IGF2BP3IRF8KDM6ANFATC3STAT3TIMP1

Evidence

Reading pass · 38 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1986 MMP3 (stromelysin-1) was cloned and its cDNA-derived amino acid sequence determined, revealing it is secreted as a proenzyme with a putative zinc-binding site homologous to thermolysin, and identified as the human ortholog of rat transin. cDNA cloning and sequence analysis The Biochemical journal High 3030290
1987 Human stromelysin (MMP3) was purified and shown to degrade proteoglycan, fibronectin, laminin, and type IV collagen but not interstitial type I collagen; it is synthesized as a preproenzyme (53,977 Da) and secreted as glycosylated and non-glycosylated proforms; trypsin activation removes 84 amino acids from the N-terminus generating the 45-kDa active enzyme. Protein purification, substrate cleavage assays, N-terminal sequencing, SDS-PAGE, glycosylation analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 3477804
1988 The complete primary structure of human MMP-3 (477 residues, 17-residue signal peptide) was determined, confirming identity with stromelysin; MMP-3 and collagenase share 54% sequence identity suggesting common evolutionary origin; IL-1β rapidly induces MMP-3 mRNA in synovial fibroblasts, and retinoic acid or dexamethasone suppresses it. cDNA sequencing, Northern blot, cytokine/hormone treatment of synovial fibroblast cultures The Journal of biological chemistry High 3360803
1990 ProMMP-3 activation proceeds through a stepwise mechanism: serine proteinases (neutrophil elastase, plasmin, kallikrein, chymotrypsin) cleave the propeptide at different sites to generate intermediate forms (~53 kDa), which then undergo bimolecular autolytic processing to the fully active 45-kDa species; APMA activates via an intramolecular cleavage at Glu68-Val69 to an intermediate that is then converted by intermolecular reaction; MMP-3 itself cannot activate proMMP-3. Kinetic analysis, N-terminal sequencing of activation intermediates, in vitro proteinase incubation assays Biochemistry High 2383557
1994 MMP-3 (along with MMP-1 and MMP-2) produced by human dermal fibroblasts degrades insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in vitro, with cleavage sites identified in the mid-region of IGFBP-3, potentially enhancing IGF bioavailability. IGFBP-3 substrate zymography, immunoaffinity depletion, in vitro cleavage assays with purified MMPs, cleavage site sequencing The Journal of biological chemistry High 7523391
1995 Crystal structure of the inhibited catalytic domain and C-truncated proenzyme of stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) was determined by X-ray crystallography; the prodomain forms a separate folding unit with three α-helices and an extended peptide occupying the active site in the reverse direction compared to inhibitors; the catalytic core is similar to collagenases and thermolysin. X-ray crystallography Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society High 8535233
1996 A common 5A/6A polymorphism in the MMP3 promoter (1608 bp from transcription start site) differentially binds nuclear proteins and regulates transcription: the 6A allele binds nuclear protein(s) more readily and drives lower reporter gene expression than 5A; this polymorphism is associated with progression of coronary atherosclerosis. Transient transfection reporter assays (CAT), EMSA, DNase I footprinting The Journal of biological chemistry High 8662692
1997 Crystal structure of the MMP-3 catalytic domain in complex with TIMP-1 was solved; TIMP-1 adopts an elongated wedge shape and occupies the entire active-site cleft of MMP-3 along its long edge; Cys1 of TIMP-1 bidentately coordinates the catalytic zinc and Thr2 extends into the S1' specificity pocket, defining the mechanism of MMP-3 inhibition by TIMP-1. X-ray crystallography of MMP-3/TIMP-1 complex Nature High 9288970
1997 MMP-3 (along with MMP-2 and MMP-7) degrades decorin (DCN) at identified cleavage sites (including Leu211-Lys in the core protein); MMP-3 and MMP-2 cleave DCN in a similar pattern generating seven major fragments; digestion of a DCN-TGF-β1 complex by MMP-3 releases TGF-β1, suggesting MMPs can liberate ECM-sequestered growth factors. In vitro cleavage assays with purified MMPs, N-terminal sequencing of fragments, kinetic analysis (Km determination), TGF-β1 release assay The Biochemical journal High 9148753
1999 Transgenic expression of MMP3/stromelysin-1 in phenotypically normal mammary epithelial cells induces formation of invasive mesenchymal-like tumors in vivo; MMP3 promotes spontaneous premalignant changes and malignant conversion in mammary glands of transgenic mice; these effects are blocked by co-expression of a TIMP1 transgene, establishing MMP3 as a driver of tumor initiation. Tetracycline-regulated transgenic mouse model, TIMP1 co-transgenic rescue, histopathology, genomic analysis Cell High 10428026
1999 MMP3 is a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase with established roles in ECM degradation; key mechanistic features include a prodomain/cysteine-switch mechanism, zinc-dependent catalysis, activation by multiple proteinases, and inhibition by TIMPs. Review synthesizing biochemical, structural, and cell biology data The Journal of biological chemistry High 10419448
2000 MMP-3 (stromelysin-1) cleaves MCP-1, MCP-2, and MCP-4 (monocyte chemoattractant proteins) between residues 4 and 5; the truncated products act as CC chemokine receptor antagonists lacking chemoattractant activity, demonstrating that MMP-3 can modulate inflammatory responses by inactivating chemokines. In vitro cleavage assays with recombinant MMPs, N-terminal sequencing, receptor binding, calcium flux, chemotaxis assays, in vivo carrageenan inflammation model Blood High 12149192
2001 Osteopontin (OPN) is a novel substrate for MMP-3; three cleavage sites were identified in human OPN (Gly166-Leu167, Ala201-Tyr202, Asp210-Leu211); MMP-3 cleavage of OPN potentiates its function as an adhesive and migratory stimulus through cell-surface integrins, demonstrating that MMP-3 can enhance OPN bioactivity rather than simply degrade it. In vitro cleavage assays with purified MMP-3, cleavage site sequencing, cell adhesion and migration assays with integrin involvement, in vivo tissue evidence The Journal of biological chemistry High 11375993
2002 IL-1-induced MMP-3 expression in articular chondrocytes requires activation of ERK, p38, and JNK MAPK pathways, as well as AP-1 and NF-κB transcription factors; pathway-selective inhibitors each partially suppress MMP-3 induction, indicating convergent multi-pathway regulation. Pharmacological inhibition of MAPK pathways (PD98059, U0126, SB203580, curcumin, PDTC) with RT-PCR and protein readouts in human and bovine chondrocytes Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology High 12009331
2003 MMP-3 induces secondary and tertiary lateral branching of mammary ducts during mid-puberty and early pregnancy; genetic knockout of MMP-3 impairs this branching, while MMP-2 has distinct roles (inhibiting apoptosis to facilitate terminal end bud invasion and repressing precocious lateral branching), demonstrating site-specific functions of different MMPs in mammary morphogenesis. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockout mouse models (MMP-3 KO, MMP-2 KO, MMP-9 KO), mammary gland whole-mount analysis The Journal of cell biology High 12975354
2003 Molecular dynamics modeling of MMP-3 in complex with substrate peptides reveals that substrate adopts an antiparallel β-sheet conformation on the P-side; primary substrate selectivity is dominated by sidechains in the S1' pocket and the S2/S3 region (largely hydrophobic); a novel catalytic mechanism is proposed whereby the Zn-ion polarizes the oxygens of the catalytic glutamate to form a nucleophile leading to a tetrahedral oxyanion anhydride transition state. Molecular dynamics simulations and computational modeling of enzyme-substrate complexes Journal of computer-aided molecular design Low 14713188
2005 MMP-3 cleaves myelin basic protein (MBP), with the citrullinated charge isomer (component-8) being more susceptible to stromelysin-1 cleavage than component-1; cleavage occurs in the presence of lipids and within the context of intact myelin, releasing peptides containing the immunodominant epitope; differences in cleavage rate reflect conformational differences due to post-translational modifications. In vitro cleavage assays with purified stromelysin-1 and MBP charge isomers, presence of lipids/myelin, peptide fragment identification Neurochemical research Medium 16871440
2005 MMP-3 cleaved MCP-3 at the N-terminus, generating a truncated form that binds CC-chemokine receptors 1, 2, and 3 but does not induce calcium fluxes or chemotaxis, instead acting as a general chemokine antagonist that dampens inflammation in vivo. In vitro cleavage assays with purified MMP-3, receptor binding assays, calcium flux measurements, in vivo inflammatory model Science (New York, N.Y.) High 10947989
2005 MMP-3 activity was optimized by developing engineered cleavage sites in a latent cytokine (LAP-mIFNβ) construct; kinetic parameters (kcat/Km) for MMP-1 and MMP-3 cleavage of 15 different linkers were measured by ELISA; introduction of the furin cleavage site-derived hydrophilic sequence increased MMP-3 sensitivity up to 29-fold, establishing substrate design rules for MMP-3 selectivity. In vitro ELISA-based kinetic assays with purified MMP-1 and MMP-3 against engineered substrates Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS Medium 15708865
2008 MMP-3 inhibition in LPS-stimulated microglia suppresses expression of iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α), and reduces activities of NF-κB, AP-1, and MAPK; reactive oxygen species (ROS) act upstream of MMP-3 induction, and MMP-3 inhibition also suppresses ROS production, revealing a bidirectional cross-talk between ROS and MMP-3 in microglial inflammatory signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of MMP-3 and MMP-9, ROS inhibition (NAC, DPI), NF-κB/AP-1/MAPK activity assays in primary microglia and BV2 cells Journal of neurochemistry Medium 18419763
2008 AMF/PGI (autocrine motility factor/phosphoglucose isomerase) transactivates the MMP-3 gene promoter through AP-1; this transactivation requires AMF/PGI enzymatic activity and proceeds via stimulation of Src-RhoA-PI3K signaling, with these three molecules forming a complex; the pathway links AMF/PGI-induced MMP-3 expression to hepatoma cell migration. MMP-3 promoter reporter assays, dominant-negative and pharmacological inhibitors of Src/RhoA/PI3K, co-immunoprecipitation showing Src-RhoA-PI3K complex, migration assays Cancer letters Medium 18571835
2011 Adiponectin increases MMP-3 secretion in human chondrocytes through AdipoR1 (not AdipoR2) signaling; downstream pathway involves sequential activation of AMPK, p38, and NF-κB, all of which are required for adiponectin-induced MMP-3 promoter activation. siRNA knockdown of AdipoR1/R2, pharmacological inhibitors of AMPK (araA, compound C), p38 (SB203580), and NF-κB (PDTC, TPCK); qPCR, Western blot, ELISA; NF-κB promoter activity assays in human chondrocytes Journal of cellular biochemistry Medium 21321996
2013 17β-Estradiol (E2) upregulates MMP3 expression in osteoblasts via ERα signaling; MMP3 then cleaves and solubilizes osteoblast-expressed FasL, generating soluble FasL that induces osteoclast apoptosis; specific MMP3 inhibition or MMP3 siRNA blocks FasL cleavage and preserves osteoclast survival, defining a molecular mechanism for estrogen's bone-protective effects. EGFP-FasL cleavage fluorescence assay, MMP3-specific inhibitor, MMP3 siRNA, ERαKO mouse osteoblasts, calvarial organ cultures, conditioned media transfer to osteoclast-osteoblast co-cultures Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research High 22927007
2013 Phosphorylated STAT3 binds directly to the MMP3 promoter in heme-treated human brain microvascular endothelial cells and transcriptionally activates MMP3 expression; heme-induced MMP3 upregulation via STAT3 promotes endothelial cell apoptosis. ChIP assay, luciferase reporter assay with human MMP3 promoter, qRT-PCR, Western blot, MTT and TUNEL apoptosis assays, RT² Profile PCR arrays PloS one Medium 23967200
2013 MMP-3 mediates psychosine-induced globoid cell (multinucleated microglia) formation; exposure to psychosine induces MMP-3 expression in primary glial cultures, and genetic ablation or chemical inhibition of MMP-3 prevents the morphological transformation of microglia into globoid cells; this effect is microglia-specific, not seen in peripheral macrophages. Primary glial cultures, MMP-3 knockout mice, pharmacological MMP-3 inhibition, psychosine treatment, twitcher mouse model, bone marrow transplantation Glia High 23404611
2013 NFATc3 is a transcriptional activator of Mmp3 in astrocytes; constitutively active NFATc3 overexpression induces Mmp3 mRNA and protein selectively (not other MMPs or TIMPs); calcium ionophore and ATP-induced Mmp3 upregulation is blocked by the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A and by actinomycin D; a Mmp3 promoter reporter is activated by increased intracellular calcium; in vivo, MMP3 is expressed in NFATc3-positive scar-forming astrocytes after brain injury. Constitutively active NFATc3 overexpression, calcium ionophore/BzATP treatment, CsA inhibition, Mmp3 promoter luciferase reporter, pure astrocyte cultures from neural stem cells, in vivo stab-wound model Glia High 23625833
2014 MMP3 stimulates expression of Rac1b (a tumorigenic splice isoform of Rac1) in pancreatic cancer cells; recombinant MMP3 treatment increases cellular invasiveness and activates tumorigenic transcriptional profiles; in transgenic mice, co-expression of MMP3 with activated KRAS in pancreatic acinar cells stimulates metaplasia and immune cell infiltration, priming the tumor microenvironment. Human PDA tissue biopsy analysis, transgenic mouse models (MMP3 + KRAS co-expression), recombinant MMP3 treatment of cultured pancreatic cancer cells, invasion assays Molecular cancer research : MCR High 24850902
2015 IRF8 directly represses MMP3 transcription; IRF8-loss leads to elevated MMP3 expression; silencing MMP3 in IRF8-null tumor cells significantly reduces their growth advantage and decreases spontaneous lung metastasis in an orthotopic mammary carcinoma model, defining an IRF8-MMP3 transcriptional axis in tumor progression. Gene expression profiling, MMP3 silencing in IRF8-null cells, orthotopic mouse mammary tumor model, lung metastasis quantification Oncotarget Medium 26008967
2016 NFAT1 (NFATC2) directly regulates MMP3 transcription in melanoma; NFAT1 depletion reduces MMP3 expression, while NFAT1 overexpression induces it; restoration of NFAT1 recovers MMP3 levels; in vivo, MMP3 promotes melanoma tumor growth and lung metastasis downstream of NFAT1. Stable NFAT1 silencing, microarray, restoration experiments, in vivo tumor growth and metastasis assays Cancer research Medium 27013197
2016 MMP3 acts as an antiadipogenic factor in adipose progenitor cells (APCs); MMP3 enzymatic activity inhibits differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and primary human preadipocytes; TIMP4 attenuates the inhibitory effect of MMP3 on adipogenesis; HFD-induced obesity downregulates APC MMP3 to trigger adipogenesis in a sex- and depot-dependent manner. Overexpression of Mmp3 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, recombinant human MMP3 and TIMP4 treatment of primary human preadipocytes, differentiation assays, HFD mouse model American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism Medium 27879248
2017 BMAL1 deficiency upregulates MMP3 expression through activation of p65 (NF-κB) phosphorylation; in BMAL1-deficient mice, Mmp3 is upregulated throughout growth period; MMP3 upregulation contributes to mandibular dysplasia (skeletal mandibular hypoplasia), linking the circadian clock component BMAL1 to MMP3-mediated craniofacial development. RNA sequencing, protein chip analysis, Bmal1 KO mice, NF-κB phosphorylation analysis, human patient samples Stem cell reports Medium 29276151
2019 IL-1β-induced MMP-3 expression in dermal fibroblasts requires ERK1 (not ERK2) to phosphorylate ATF-2, which then transcriptionally activates MMP-3; ERK inhibition abolishes ATF-2 phosphorylation and MMP-3 induction; ERK1 siRNA but not ERK2 siRNA reduces ATF-2 phosphorylation, revealing an ERK1/ATF-2 axis specific to MMP-3 expression. siRNA knockdown of ERK1 and ERK2 separately, ATF-2 siRNA, ATF-2 inhibitor (SBI-0087702), ERK inhibitor (FR180204), Western blot of phosphorylation, RT-PCR of MMP-3 mRNA in dermal fibroblasts PloS one Medium 31536594
2020 MMP3 knockout in tumor cells (CRISPR/Cas9) reduces tumoroid size, promotes necrotic areas within tumoroids, and results in additional release of broken extracellular vesicles; MMP3-rich EVs from wild-type tumoroids deeply penetrate MMP3-KO tumoroids and rescue proliferation and tumorigenesis, demonstrating that MMP3 can be transferred via EVs to regulate tumor growth. CRISPR/Cas9 MMP3 KO, 3D tumoroid culture, EV isolation and characterization (NanoSight), fluorescent EV tracking, conditioned medium rescue experiments, Ki-67 staining Cancers Medium 32429403
2020 MMP-3 ablation in prostate cancer cells reduces AKT and ERK phosphorylation and total VEGFR1 and FGFR3 protein levels, decreasing intrinsic cell growth; tumor-derived MMP-3 also promotes angiogenesis extrinsically, as MMP-3-ablated conditioned media slows endothelial tube formation; in vivo MMP-3-ablated tumors grow slower and are less vascularized. MMP-3 siRNA ablation in prostate cancer cell lines, in vitro growth assays, Western blot for AKT/ERK/VEGFR1/FGFR3, endothelial tube formation assays with conditioned media, in vivo tumor growth and vascularization Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) Medium 32896761
2021 MMP3 deficiency (KO mice or MMP3 inhibition) increases blood-brain barrier integrity by preserving tight junction (TJ) and VE-cadherin proteins; conversely, MMP3 upregulation reduces TJ and VE-cadherin abundance in brain microvascular endothelial cells; the effect requires ERK signaling, as an ERK inhibitor blocks MMP3-mediated reduction of TJ proteins; MMP3-KO mice show reduced dye extravasation and altered anesthesia kinetics consistent with improved BBB function. MMP3 KO mice, TEER and Transwell barrier assays, dye extravasation in vivo, TJ/VE-cadherin Western blot, ERK inhibitor treatment Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Medium 33859779
2021 GBP5 promotes glioblastoma aggressiveness through activation of the Src/ERK1/2/MMP3 axis; GBP5 overexpression increases MMP3, and silencing GBP5 reduces MMP3-dependent proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and impairs tumor growth in vivo. GBP5 overexpression and siRNA knockdown in GBM cell lines, in vitro migration/invasion/proliferation assays, in vivo tumor implantation, Src/ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors Cell death & disease Medium 33608513
2023 IGF2BP3 binds and stabilizes MMP3 mRNA through interaction with N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification; IGF2BP3 promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction; MMP3 acts downstream of IGF2BP3 to regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation, as functional analyses of MMP3 itself show it mediates this regenerative effect. Gain- and loss-of-function of IGF2BP3 in vitro and in vivo (mouse MI model), RIP assay showing IGF2BP3-MMP3 mRNA interaction, m6A modification analysis, MMP3 functional assays in cardiomyocytes Cell death discovery Medium 37188676
2024 Loss of histone methyltransferases KMT2C or KMT2D drives brain metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer via KDM6A-dependent upregulation of MMP3; global chromatin profiling showed altered H3K4me1, H3K27ac, and H3K27me3 marks in KO cells; KDM6A binding at the Mmp3 locus correlates with its increased expression; pharmacological inhibition of KDM6A or direct Mmp3 knockdown prevents brain metastasis equivalently. Kmt2c/Kmt2d KO mouse models, ChIP-seq (H3K4me1, H3K27ac, H3K27me3, KDM6A), RNA-seq, KDM6A inhibition, Mmp3 shRNA, in vivo brain metastasis assays, human KMT2C-mutant TNBC patient samples Nature cell biology High 38926506

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1999 Matrix metalloproteinases. The Journal of biological chemistry 3561 10419448
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2015 The BioPlex Network: A Systematic Exploration of the Human Interactome. Cell 1118 26186194
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2014 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. Cell 977 25416956
1999 The stromal proteinase MMP3/stromelysin-1 promotes mammary carcinogenesis. Cell 726 10428026
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2004 The human plasma proteome: a nonredundant list developed by combination of four separate sources. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 658 14718574
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
1998 Matrix metalloproteinases: structures, evolution, and diversification. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 612 9737711
2000 Inflammation dampened by gelatinase A cleavage of monocyte chemoattractant protein-3. Science (New York, N.Y.) 609 10947989
2002 Prediction of the risk of myocardial infarction from polymorphisms in candidate genes. The New England journal of medicine 531 12477941
1997 Mechanism of inhibition of the human matrix metalloproteinase stromelysin-1 by TIMP-1. Nature 499 9288970
1994 Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. Gene 492 8125298
1986 Comparison of human stromelysin and collagenase by cloning and sequence analysis. The Biochemical journal 455 3030290
2002 Matrix metalloproteinase processing of monocyte chemoattractant proteins generates CC chemokine receptor antagonists with anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. Blood 454 12149192
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
1996 Progression of coronary atherosclerosis is associated with a common genetic variant of the human stromelysin-1 promoter which results in reduced gene expression. The Journal of biological chemistry 418 8662692
2005 Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. Genome research 409 16344560
2010 Genome-wide association study of advanced age-related macular degeneration identifies a role of the hepatic lipase gene (LIPC). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 376 20385826
1990 Stepwise activation mechanisms of the precursor of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (stromelysin) by proteinases and (4-aminophenyl)mercuric acetate. Biochemistry 372 2383557
1987 Human skin fibroblast stromelysin: structure, glycosylation, substrate specificity, and differential expression in normal and tumorigenic cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 361 3477804
1997 Degradation of decorin by matrix metalloproteinases: identification of the cleavage sites, kinetic analyses and transforming growth factor-beta1 release. The Biochemical journal 353 9148753
2002 Inhibition of interleukin-1-stimulated MAP kinases, activating protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) transcription factors down-regulates matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in articular chondrocytes. Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 348 12009331
2001 Osteopontin, a novel substrate for matrix metalloproteinase-3 (stromelysin-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (matrilysin). The Journal of biological chemistry 334 11375993
1996 Activation of a recombinant membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) by furin and its interaction with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-2. FEBS letters 294 8804434
2005 MMP-7 promotes prostate cancer-induced osteolysis via the solubilization of RANKL. Cancer cell 278 15894268
1994 Matrix metalloproteinases degrade insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in dermal fibroblast cultures. The Journal of biological chemistry 269 7523391
2003 Site-specific inductive and inhibitory activities of MMP-2 and MMP-3 orchestrate mammary gland branching morphogenesis. The Journal of cell biology 239 12975354
1988 The complete primary structure of human matrix metalloproteinase-3. Identity with stromelysin. The Journal of biological chemistry 236 3360803
1995 Stromelysin-1: three-dimensional structure of the inhibited catalytic domain and of the C-truncated proenzyme. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 234 8535233
2014 Heterogeneous gene expression signatures correspond to distinct lung pathologies and biomarkers of disease severity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax 229 25217476
2005 Expression of MMP2, MMP9 and MMP3 in breast cancer brain metastasis in a rat model. Clinical & experimental metastasis 174 16158251
2004 Increased stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), proteoglycan degradation (3B3- and 7D4) and collagen damage in cyclically load-injured articular cartilage. Osteoarthritis and cartilage 132 15135145
2008 Inhibition of MMP-3 or -9 suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS in microglia. Journal of neurochemistry 130 18419763
2008 Variants within the MMP3 gene are associated with Achilles tendinopathy: possible interaction with the COL5A1 gene. British journal of sports medicine 119 19042922
1999 Genetic analysis of MMP3, MMP9, and PAI-1 in Finnish patients with abdominal aortic or intracranial aneurysms. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 105 10558909
2019 MMP3 is a reliable marker for disease activity, radiological monitoring, disease outcome predictability, and therapeutic response in rheumatoid arthritis. Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology 85 31174824
2005 Osteoactivin upregulates expression of MMP-3 and MMP-9 in fibroblasts infiltrated into denervated skeletal muscle in mice. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 84 16100390
2000 Overexpression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 by cultured conjunctivochalasis fibroblasts. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 84 10670469
1996 Expression of collagenase (MMP2), stromelysin (MMP3) and tissue inhibitor of the metalloproteinases (TIMP1) in pancreatic and ampullary disease. British journal of cancer 81 8611434
2016 NFAT1 Directly Regulates IL8 and MMP3 to Promote Melanoma Tumor Growth and Metastasis. Cancer research 80 27013197
2011 Adiponectin increases MMP-3 expression in human chondrocytes through AdipoR1 signaling pathway. Journal of cellular biochemistry 79 21321996
2009 Cordycepin inhibits IL-1beta-induced MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 74 19056796
2016 High-fat diet-induced obesity regulates MMP3 to modulate depot- and sex-dependent adipose expansion in C57BL/6J mice. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 70 27879248
2001 A functional polymorphism of the stromelysin gene (MMP-3) influences susceptibility to primary sclerosing cholangitis. Gastroenterology 68 11438501
2004 Positive selection on MMP3 regulation has shaped heart disease risk. Current biology : CB 63 15341739
2014 Expression and significance of MMP3 in synovium of knee joint at different stage in osteoarthritis patients. Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine 61 24507680
2016 Explore the variation of MMP3, JNK, p38 MAPKs, and autophagy at the early stage of osteoarthritis. IUBMB life 60 26873249
2013 ERα signaling regulates MMP3 expression to induce FasL cleavage and osteoclast apoptosis. Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 60 22927007
2014 Tumor cell-derived MMP3 orchestrates Rac1b and tissue alterations that promote pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Molecular cancer research : MCR 57 24850902
2007 Association between IL-6 and MMP-3 gene polymorphisms and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case-control study. Spine 56 18007247
2018 MiR-519d suppresses breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis via targeting MMP3. International journal of biological sciences 54 29483840
2017 Icariin inhibits MMP‑1, MMP‑3 and MMP‑13 expression through MAPK pathways in IL‑1β‑stimulated SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells. Molecular medicine reports 52 28447732
2020 Knockout of MMP3 Weakens Solid Tumor Organoids and Cancer Extracellular Vesicles. Cancers 51 32429403
2021 Increase in Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Permeability Is Regulated by MMP3 via the ERK Signaling Pathway. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 50 33859779
2012 Impaired biomechanical properties correlate with neoangiogenesis as well as VEGF and MMP-3 expression during rat patellar tendon healing. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society 48 22615070
2007 Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and its activator MMP-3 of human osteoblast by uniaxial cyclic stimulation. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials 48 16862557
2011 Cyclophilin A promotes human hepatocellular carcinoma cell metastasis via regulation of MMP3 and MMP9. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 47 21667159
2013 Impacts and interactions of PDGFRB, MMP-3, TIMP-2, and RNF213 polymorphisms on the risk of Moyamoya disease in Han Chinese human subjects. Gene 46 23769926
2006 Differences in susceptibility of MBP charge isomers to digestion by stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) and release of an immunodominant epitope. Neurochemical research 46 16871440
2012 MMP3 and TIMP1 variants contribute to chronic periodontitis and may be implicated in disease progression. Journal of clinical periodontology 43 22671570
2017 Synergistic effect of collagenase-1 (MMP1), stromelysin-1 (MMP3) and gelatinase-B (MMP9) gene polymorphisms in breast cancer. PloS one 42 28961241
2021 GBP5 drives malignancy of glioblastoma via the Src/ERK1/2/MMP3 pathway. Cell death & disease 41 33608513
2008 Keratinocyte expression of MMP3 enhances differentiation and prevents tumor establishment. The American journal of pathology 41 18832569
2020 Prostate cancer-derived MMP-3 controls intrinsic cell growth and extrinsic angiogenesis. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 40 32896761
2015 TNF-α stimulates MMP-3 production via PGE2 signalling through the NF-kB and p38 MAPK pathway in a murine cementoblast cell line. Archives of oral biology 40 25956994
2012 Involvement of SPARC and MMP-3 in the pathogenesis of human pterygium. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 37 22222271
2017 BMAL1 Deficiency Contributes to Mandibular Dysplasia by Upregulating MMP3. Stem cell reports 36 29276151
2013 MMP-3 mediates psychosine-induced globoid cell formation: implications for leukodystrophy pathology. Glia 36 23404611
2003 Modeling of enzyme-substrate complexes for the metalloproteases MMP-3, ADAM-9 and ADAM-10. Journal of computer-aided molecular design 36 14713188
2012 Substance P enhances collagen remodeling and MMP-3 expression by human tenocytes. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society 35 22836729
2024 Loss of Kmt2c or Kmt2d drives brain metastasis via KDM6A-dependent upregulation of MMP3. Nature cell biology 33 38926506
2011 Regulation of MMP-3 expression and secretion by the chemokine eotaxin-1 in human chondrocytes. Journal of biomedical science 33 22114952
2019 HTR1D, TIMP1, SERPINE1, MMP3 and CNR2 affect the survival of patients with colon adenocarcinoma. Oncology letters 32 31452735
2020 The JNK pathway represents a novel target in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis through the suppression of MMP-3. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 30 32131874
2017 Autophagy Protects Advanced Glycation End Product-Induced Apoptosis and Expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 in Rat Chondrocytes. BioMed research international 30 28265573
2016 MMP3 and TIMP2 gene variants as predisposing factors for Achilles tendon pathologies: Attempted replication study in a British case-control cohort. Meta gene 30 27222816
2015 Berberine inhibits Chlamydia pneumoniae infection-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration through downregulating MMP3 and MMP9 via PI3K. European journal of pharmacology 30 25746423
2014 MMP3 and CXCL1 are potent stromal protein markers of dysplasia-carcinoma transition in sporadic colorectal cancer. European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) 30 24999605
2019 Dysregulation of MiR-519d Affects Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Invasion and Metastasis by Targeting MMP3. Journal of Cancer 28 31258780
2013 STAT3 regulates MMP3 in heme-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. PloS one 28 23967200
2004 MMP-3 expression and release by rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes induced with a bacterial ligand of integrin alpha5beta1. Arthritis research & therapy 28 15642131
2016 The MMP3 gene in musculoskeletal soft tissue injury risk profiling: A study in two independent sample groups. Journal of sports sciences 27 27211292
2012 The polymorphisms of the MMP-1 and the MMP-3 genes and the risk of pelvic organ prolapse. International urogynecology journal 27 23108733
2009 Increased MMP-3 and CTGF expression during lipopolysaccharide-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Neuroscience letters 27 19463894
2012 Synovial TGF-β1 and MMP-3 levels and their correlation with the progression of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis combined with disc displacement: A preliminary study. Biomedical reports 26 24648922
2016 Leptin and Pro-Inflammatory Stimuli Synergistically Upregulate MMP-1 and MMP-3 Secretion in Human Gingival Fibroblasts. PloS one 25 26829555
2013 NFATc3 promotes Ca(2+) -dependent MMP3 expression in astroglial cells. Glia 25 23625833
2006 Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9) and fibronectin in lichen planus. Journal of cutaneous pathology 25 16919028
2016 Knockdown of RHOC by shRNA suppresses invasion and migration of cholangiocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of MMP2, MMP3, MMP9 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Molecular medicine reports 24 27108649
2010 The rs522616 polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) gene is associated with sporadic brain arteriovenous malformation in a Chinese population. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 24 20822909
2023 IGF2BP3 promotes adult myocardial regeneration by stabilizing MMP3 mRNA through interaction with m6A modification. Cell death discovery 23 37188676
2011 Expression of MMP-3 and TIMP-3 in gastric cancer tissue and its clinical significance. Oncology letters 23 22848309
2018 Increased levels of circulating MMP3 correlate with severe rejection in face transplantation. Scientific reports 22 30297859
2015 MMP3-mediated tumor progression is controlled transcriptionally by a novel IRF8-MMP3 interaction. Oncotarget 22 26008967
2014 PLGF inhibition impairs metastasis of larynx carcinoma through MMP3 downregulation. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 22 24946722
2012 Infliximab reduces CD147, MMP-3, and MMP-9 expression in peripheral blood monocytes in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. European journal of pharmacology 22 23146660
2008 AMF/PGI transactivates the MMP-3 gene through the activation of Src-RhoA-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling to induce hepatoma cell migration. Cancer letters 22 18571835
2005 Latent cytokines: development of novel cleavage sites and kinetic analysis of their differential sensitivity to MMP-1 and MMP-3. Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS 22 15708865
2021 Targeting matrix metalloproteinase MMP3 greatly enhances oncolytic virus mediated tumor therapy. Translational oncology 21 34530193
2020 17β-Estradiol Prevents Extracellular Matrix Degradation by Downregulating MMP3 Expression via PI3K/Akt/FOXO3 Pathway. Spine 21 31809475
2014 Genipin inhibits MMP-1 and MMP-3 release from TNF-a-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells. Biochimie 21 25457105
2025 MMP3 at the crossroads: Linking molecular pathways to disease diagnosis and therapy. Pharmacological research 20 40311957
2021 MiR-874-3p plays a protective role in intervertebral disc degeneration by suppressing MMP2 and MMP3. European journal of pharmacology 20 33482178
2019 Cyclic tensile force-upregulated IL6 increases MMP3 expression by human periodontal ligament cells. Archives of oral biology 20 31377584
2015 Cyclosporine A Downregulates MMP-3 and MMP-13 Expression in Cultured Pterygium Fibroblasts. Cornea 20 26057330
2010 Impact of ENPP1 and MMP3 gene polymorphisms on aortic calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Korean population. Diabetes research and clinical practice 20 20092902
2005 MMP-3 and -8 expression is found in the condylar surface of temporomandibular joints with internal derangement. Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology 20 15610405
2015 Gene polymorphism of IL-6 and MMP-3 decreases passive range of motion after rotator cuff repair. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 19 26191285
2011 Age-related expression of MCP-1 and MMP-3 in mouse intervertebral disc in relation to TWEAK and TNF-α stimulation. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society 19 21928379
2008 Development of a receptor-based 3D-QSAR study for the analysis of MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 inhibitors. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 19 18640045
2019 Are MMP3, MMP8 and TIMP2 gene variants associated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture susceptibility? Journal of science and medicine in sport 18 30755371
2018 Association of Maternal and Fetal Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9) Genes with Preeclampsia. Disease markers 18 29670668
2018 IL-37 diminishes proteoglycan loss in human OA cartilage: donor-specific link between IL-37 and MMP-3. Osteoarthritis and cartilage 18 30201492
2017 C/EBPβ Promotion of MMP3-Dependent Tumor Cell Invasion and Association with Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer. Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers 18 29172775
2023 Induction of MMP-3 and MMP-9 expression during Helicobacter pylori infection via MAPK signaling pathways. Helicobacter 17 37139985
2022 New insights into the role of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) in bone. FASEB bioAdvances 17 35949513
2020 In vivo delivery of MMP3-shRNA and Sox9 lentivirus cocktail enhances matrix synthesis to prevent lumbar disc degeneration. Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University 17 32589824
2018 MMP-3 and MMP-8 in rat mandibular condylar cartilage associated with dietary loading, estrogen level, and aging. Archives of oral biology 17 30412863
2014 Functional Significance of MMP3 and TIMP2 Polymorphisms in Cleft Lip/Palate. Journal of dental research 17 24799419
2019 MiR-574-3p exerts as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer through inhibiting MMP3 expression. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 16 31486483
2019 ERK1/ATF-2 signaling axis contributes to interleukin-1β-induced MMP-3 expression in dermal fibroblasts. PloS one 16 31536594
2016 Association Between IL-6 and MMP3 Common Genetic Polymorphisms and Idiopathic Scoliosis in Bulgarian Patients: A Case-control Study. Spine 16 26656061
2009 Role of a LIF antagonist in LIF and OSM induced MMP-1, MMP-3, and TIMP-1 expression by primary articular chondrocytes. Cytokine 16 19342253
2007 Differential expression of the metalloproteinase MMP3 and the alpha5 integrin subunit in human myometrium at labour. Molecular human reproduction 16 17664256
2006 Kinetics of MMP-1 and MMP-3 produced by mast cells and macrophages in liver fibrogenesis of rat. Anticancer research 16 17094476
2023 METTL3 promotes SMSCs chondrogenic differentiation by targeting the MMP3, MMP13, and GATA3. Regenerative therapy 15 36793308
2005 Dysregulation of renal MMP-3 and MMP-7 in canine X-linked Alport syndrome. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 15 15782307
2016 Association between MMP-3 and MMP-9 polymorphisms and coronary artery disease. Biomedical reports 14 28105338