Affinage

MEOX2

Homeobox protein MOX-2 · UniProt P50222

Length
304 aa
Mass
33.6 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
84 papers in source corpus 34 papers cited in narrative 34 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/8 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

MEOX2 (GAX) is a homeodomain transcription factor that enforces the quiescent, non-proliferative state of vascular and muscle cells and is rapidly down-regulated when these cells are stimulated to proliferate (PMID:7890661). Its core mechanism is direct transcriptional activation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors: it occupies upstream ATTA-containing sites of the p21CIP1/WAF1 promoter to induce p21, drive its association with cdk2 and impose G0/G1 arrest, with p21-null cells being refractory to this effect (PMID:9224717, PMID:17074759), and it directly binds and activates the INK4a (p16) promoter to trigger senescence (PMID:19340300). MEOX1 and MEOX2 distinguish these two targets mechanistically, activating p16INK4a in a DNA-binding-dependent manner while inducing p21 independently of DNA binding (PMID:22206000). Through this growth-suppressive program MEOX2 blocks proliferation, migration—partly by down-regulating αvβ3/αvβ5 integrins in a p21-dependent fashion (PMID:10562309)—and promotes Bax-dependent, p21/p53-independent apoptosis in mitogen-activated cells (PMID:9649428); in endothelial cells it suppresses the angiogenic phenotype and tube formation (PMID:12842453). Beyond cell-cycle control, MEOX2 functions as a transcriptional determinant in tissue-specific contexts: it forms heterodimers with TCF15 to drive CD36/lipoprotein lipase expression and fatty acid uptake in heart capillary endothelium (PMID:25561514), maintains blood-brain-barrier LRP1 levels and cerebral perfusion relevant to Alzheimer disease (PMID:16116430), and sustains nociceptor sodium-channel gene programs (Scn9a/Scn11a) in sensory neurons (PMID:35029322). Its expression is gated by a MEF2/Sp1-dependent promoter (PMID:7623821), repressed by ZEB2 (relieved by miR-221) (PMID:20516212) and by Angiotensin II acting through oxidative-stress-driven ERK1/2 signaling (PMID:15680482), and silenced post-transcriptionally by the miR-130a/301 family (PMID:17957028, PMID:21941297). MEOX2 physically associates with NF-κB components p65 and IκBβ (PMID:20421348), with TGF-β/Smad complexes to cooperatively induce p21 within the TGF-β tumor-suppressor pathway (PMID:19383287), and with RNF10, which enhances its p21 activation (PMID:16335786). In glioblastoma and other cancers MEOX2 paradoxically acts as an oncogene, enhancing ERK signaling via Ser155 phosphorylation (PMID:35468210), interacting with PARP1 to promote DNA-damage repair and PARP-inhibitor resistance (PMID:41620199), and directly activating targets such as Cathepsin S to drive tumor growth (PMID:35436995).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 33 steps
  1. 1995 Medium

    Established MEOX2/GAX as a growth-arrest-specific gene whose loss accompanies the switch of vascular smooth muscle cells to a proliferative phenotype, framing it as a candidate enforcer of quiescence.

    Evidence Northern blot and in vivo balloon-injury model in rat carotid arteries

    PMID:7890661

    Open questions at the time
    • Correlative loss-of-expression does not show GAX is sufficient or required for arrest
    • No direct transcriptional target identified at this stage
  2. 1994 High

    Provided the foundational molecular identity of human GAX as a chromosome 7p21 homeodomain protein with an N-terminal polyhistidine/glutamine region, enabling all subsequent functional dissection.

    Evidence Anchored PCR cloning and FISH chromosomal mapping

    PMID:7713505

    Open questions at the time
    • Cloning alone does not assign function or DNA-binding specificity
  3. 1995 High

    Defined how GAX transcription is itself driven, identifying Sp1, MEF2/RSRF and HRF-1 as positive regulators and establishing a direct MEF2→Gax link.

    Evidence Transient transfection, promoter deletion/mutagenesis, protein-DNA binding, MEF2A overexpression

    PMID:7623821

    Open questions at the time
    • HRF-1 not molecularly identified
    • Does not address signals controlling MEF2 in vivo
  4. 1997 High

    Demonstrated GAX is sufficient to arrest the cell cycle and pinned the mechanism on p21 induction, with genetic epistasis proving p21-dependence.

    Evidence Recombinant protein microinjection, adenoviral overexpression, cdk2 activity assay, p21-knockout fibroblasts

    PMID:9224717

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not show whether p21 induction is via direct promoter binding
    • Mechanism of p53-independence not resolved
  5. 1997 Medium

    Extended the anti-proliferative role to development, showing GAX restrains cardiomyocyte proliferation during heart morphogenesis and is broadly expressed across muscle lineages.

    Evidence Adenoviral overexpression in chick hearts, IHC/ISH on mouse embryos, PCNA staining

    PMID:9118475 PMID:9334288

    Open questions at the time
    • Forced expression does not establish endogenous requirement
    • No transcriptional targets identified in cardiac context
  6. 1997 Medium

    Placed GAX downstream of opposing vascular signals, with Angiotensin II suppressing and CNP/cGMP inducing its expression.

    Evidence Northern blot with AT1R antagonist and cGMP analogue treatment

    PMID:9039131

    Open questions at the time
    • Intermediate signaling steps not defined at this stage
  7. 1998 High

    Separated GAX's apoptotic function from its cell-cycle function, showing it triggers Bax-dependent death only in cycling cells, independent of p21/p53.

    Evidence Adenoviral overexpression, Bax-knockout MEFs, Bcl-2/Bax Western, cell-cycle inhibitors

    PMID:9649428

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether Bax/Bcl-2 changes are direct transcriptional effects unknown
  8. 1999 High

    Identified integrin repression (αvβ3/αvβ5) as the mechanism for GAX-mediated inhibition of migration and showed this too is p21-dependent.

    Evidence Adenoviral transduction, transwell migration, p21/p53-knockout fibroblasts, flow cytometry, in vivo immunostaining

    PMID:10562309

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether GAX directly regulates integrin promoters not shown
  9. 2003 Medium

    Extended the growth-suppressive program to endothelial cells, showing GAX inhibits proliferation and tube formation while inducing p21.

    Evidence Adenoviral overexpression in HUVECs, thymidine uptake, Matrigel tube formation, p21 promoter assay

    PMID:12842453

    Open questions at the time
    • Anti-angiogenic mechanism beyond p21 not defined
  10. 2005 High

    Connected MEOX2 to brain-vascular homeostasis and Alzheimer disease, showing it maintains capillary density, cerebral blood flow and LRP1-mediated Aβ efflux.

    Evidence Human BEC profiling, viral gene transfer/silencing, Meox2 knockout mice, cerebral blood flow and Aβ efflux assays

    PMID:16116430

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct transcriptional targets in BECs (e.g. LRP1 regulation) not mapped
    • Reconciliation with anti-angiogenic role in other vessels unresolved
  11. 2005 Medium

    Resolved the upstream pathway by which Angiotensin II suppresses Gax, implicating oxidative-stress-activated ERK1/2 rather than p38.

    Evidence Pharmacological ERK1/2 and p38 inhibition, antioxidant treatment, H2O2 measurement, Northern/RT-PCR

    PMID:15680482

    Open questions at the time
    • Transcription factor mediating ERK-dependent repression not identified
  12. 2006 Medium

    Revealed a distinct developmental requirement—post-fusion palatal shelf integrity—via the knockout cleft-palate phenotype.

    Evidence Knockout mouse histology, ISH, timed embryo collection

    PMID:16284941

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular targets maintaining palatal tissue not identified
  13. 2005 Medium

    Identified RNF10 as a direct MEOX2 partner that potentiates its p21 activation, mapping the interaction region between the HQ domain and homeodomain.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid, in vitro pull-down, co-IP, p21 reporter assay

    PMID:16335786

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of RNF10 binding beyond p21 reporter unclear
  14. 2006 High

    Demonstrated direct, ChIP-confirmed MEOX2 occupancy of upstream ATTA sites of the p21 promoter, tying transactivation to growth arrest and to specific protein domains.

    Evidence ChIP, deletion constructs, luciferase reporters, site-directed mutagenesis

    PMID:17074759

    Open questions at the time
    • Apparent direct binding here vs later DNA-binding-independent p21 induction needs reconciliation
  15. 2007 Medium

    Established post-transcriptional control of GAX by miR-130a via its 3'-UTR, linking miRNA regulation to the endothelial angiogenic phenotype.

    Evidence Luciferase reporter with GAX 3'-UTR, miR-130a overexpression

    PMID:17957028

    Open questions at the time
    • Endogenous miR-130a contribution to vascular GAX levels in vivo not quantified
  16. 2009 High

    Placed MEOX2 in the TGF-β/Smad tumor-suppressor pathway, showing it forms Smad complexes, is required for the TGF-β1 cytostatic response, and inhibits EMT.

    Evidence RNAi knockdown, ectopic expression, co-IP with Smads, p21 promoter deletion, EMT assays

    PMID:19383287

    Open questions at the time
    • p21 region used here (distal p53-binding) differs from the upstream ATTA sites; integration unclear
  17. 2009 Medium

    Identified p16INK4a as a second direct MEOX2 target and tied MEOX2 to premature senescence dependent on INK4a.

    Evidence cDNA overexpression screen, ChIP, INK4a reporter and senescence assays

    PMID:19340300

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether p16 and p21 induction are mechanistically coupled not addressed
  18. 2010 Medium

    Defined a physical and biphasic functional link between nuclear MEOX2 and NF-κB (p65, IκBβ), dependent on the homeodomain and N-terminal domain.

    Evidence Subcellular fractionation, co-IP, immunofluorescence, NF-κB reporter assays, domain deletions

    PMID:20421348

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of the low-vs-high-level switch unresolved
    • Single-lab co-IP
  19. 2010 Medium

    Identified ZEB2 as a direct GAX promoter repressor and miR-221 as an indirect inducer acting by down-regulating ZEB2.

    Evidence miR-221 overexpression/inhibition, ChIP for ZEB2 at GAX promoter, miR-221 mutants

    PMID:20516212

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo relevance of the miR-221→ZEB2→GAX axis not established
  20. 2011 Medium

    Distinguished MEOX1/MEOX2 mechanisms on their two CDKI targets—DNA-binding-dependent for p16, DNA-binding-independent for p21.

    Evidence DNA-binding mutant constructs, cell-cycle and senescence assays, p21/p16 reporters

    PMID:22206000

    Open questions at the time
    • Cofactor mediating DNA-binding-independent p21 induction not identified
  21. 2011 Medium

    Showed Meox2 is a barrier to reprogramming, repressed by the miR-130/301/721 family to enhance iPSC generation.

    Evidence miRNA library screen, miRNA-resistant Meox2 rescue, siRNA silencing, reprogramming assays

    PMID:21941297

    Open questions at the time
    • Transcriptional program by which Meox2 restrains reprogramming undefined
  22. 2013 Medium

    Generalized the ZEB2-repression mechanism to cardiac fibroblasts, defining a Ski→(suppress Zeb2)→(de-repress Meox2) axis controlling myofibroblast identity.

    Evidence Overexpression/knockdown in cardiac fibroblasts, DNA-binding mutant, Ski overexpression, phenotype markers

    PMID:24155330

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct Meox2 targets driving the fibroblast phenotype not mapped
  23. 2015 High

    Revealed a heterodimer-based determinant function: Meox2/Tcf15 drive CD36/LPL-mediated fatty acid uptake in heart capillary endothelium, with haplodeficiency impairing cardiac contractility.

    Evidence EC microarray profiling, haplodeficiency mouse model, FA uptake assays

    PMID:25561514

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct CD36/LPL promoter occupancy by the heterodimer not shown
  24. 2016 Medium

    Connected Meox2 dosage to neuroprotective vascular/myeloid remodeling in glaucoma, with haploinsufficiency increasing optic-nerve axon damage.

    Evidence Meox2 haploinsufficient DBA/2J mice, axon counting, immunofluorescence, upstream regulator analysis

    PMID:31369031

    Open questions at the time
    • Causal molecular mediators of axon protection not identified
  25. 2016 Medium

    Identified Rap1A as a downstream effector through which GAX maintains the VSMC contractile phenotype and limits neointima.

    Evidence cDNA array, adenoviral over/under-expression, Rap1A rescue, in vivo carotid injury

    PMID:27508012

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether GAX directly represses the Rap1A promoter not shown
  26. 2022 Medium

    Reframed MEOX2 as a context-dependent oncogene in glioblastoma, enhancing ERK signaling through an ERK-dependent Ser155 site and cooperating with p53/PTEN loss.

    Evidence ERK phospho-Western, S155A mutagenesis, subnuclear imaging, cerebral organoid glioma model, RNA-seq/ACT-seq/CUT&Tag

    PMID:35468210

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct ERK phosphorylation of Ser155 not biochemically demonstrated
    • Mechanism of feed-forward loop incomplete
  27. 2022 Medium

    Identified Cathepsin S as a direct MEOX2 oncogenic target driving glioma proliferation, motility and invasion.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown, RNA-seq, ChIP-qPCR, luciferase reporter, intracranial implantation

    PMID:35436995

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether CTSS fully accounts for the oncogenic phenotype unclear
  28. 2022 Medium

    Defined an ABI2/MEOX2/KLF4-NANOG axis sustaining hepatocellular carcinoma stemness and sorafenib resistance, with MEOX2 directly activating stemness gene promoters.

    Evidence Co-IP, ChIP at KLF4/NANOG promoters, ABI2 knockdown, MEOX2 rescue, xenografts

    PMID:36017822

    Open questions at the time
    • How ABI2 binding modulates MEOX2 transcriptional output mechanistically unclear
  29. 2022 Medium

    Established MEOX2 as a transcriptional maintainer of nociceptor gene programs, controlling Scn9a/Scn11a sodium channels and shaping pain sensitivity.

    Evidence Heterozygous mouse, behavior/electrophysiology, DRG transcriptomics, immunofluorescence

    PMID:35029322

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct promoter binding to Scn9a/Scn11a not demonstrated
  30. 2023 Medium

    Positioned RNF10 upstream of MEOX2 in an RNF10/Meox2/AP-1 pathway protecting cardiomyocytes from pirarubicin-induced apoptosis.

    Evidence siRNA/lentiviral over-expression, Western, apoptosis flow cytometry, rat in vivo model

    PMID:36713029

    Open questions at the time
    • Direction of RNF10–MEOX2 relationship differs from earlier binding-partner data; integration unclear
  31. 2024 Medium

    Identified a MEOX2→PHLPP→(inhibit AKT) axis through which MEOX2 suppresses hepatic stellate cell proliferation and liver fibrosis.

    Evidence PHLPP promoter luciferase, OE/sh-MEOX2 lentivirus, p-AKT Western, proliferation assays

    PMID:38926106

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct MEOX2 occupancy of PHLPP promoter by ChIP not shown
    • Published in low-tier venue, single lab
  32. 2025 Medium

    Revealed RNA-level control of MEOX2 by NAT10-mediated ac4C modification stabilizing its mRNA and limiting endothelial dysfunction under high glucose.

    Evidence MeRIP-qPCR, RIP, RNA stability assay, NAT10 knockdown, MEOX2 rescue, HUVEC functional assays

    PMID:41082000

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo relevance of ac4C-MEOX2 axis not established
  33. 2026 Medium

    Defined a non-transcriptional oncogenic mechanism: MEOX2 binds PARP1 to promote DNA-damage repair and confer PARP-inhibitor and temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma stem cells.

    Evidence Co-IP/mass spectrometry, GLICO organoid model, shRNA knockdown, Talazoparib sensitivity, PARylation measurement

    PMID:41620199

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether MEOX2 modulates PARP1 enzymatic activity directly unresolved
    • Structural basis of interaction unknown

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • It remains unresolved how MEOX2 switches between tumor-suppressor (CDKI/senescence) and oncogenic (ERK/PARP1/stemness) outputs, and what cofactors or post-translational states dictate its direct versus DNA-binding-independent transcriptional modes.
  • No genome-wide MEOX2 binding map across normal vs tumor contexts
  • Cofactor mediating DNA-binding-independent p21 activation unidentified
  • Determinants of the tumor-suppressor-to-oncogene switch unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 8 GO:0003677 DNA binding 4 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 1
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 4 GO:0005654 nucleoplasm 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 4 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 4 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2 R-HSA-8953897 Cellular responses to stimuli 2 R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair 1
Partners
ABI2NFKBIBPARP1RELARNF10SMADTCF15

Evidence

Reading pass · 34 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1995 GAX/MEOX2 mRNA is rapidly down-regulated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vivo in response to balloon angioplasty-induced endothelial denudation, mirroring its down-regulation by mitogens in vitro; this growth-arrest specific expression pattern suggests GAX maintains the non-proliferative contractile phenotype of VSMCs. Northern blot and in vivo balloon injury model in rat carotid arteries The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 7890661
1995 The Gax promoter minimal core region (138 bp, −125 to +13) requires at least three positive transcriptional activators: Sp1 (binding a G/C-rich element), MEF2/RSRF (binding a MADS-box site), and a third factor HRF-1 (binding an inverted palindromic motif); MEF2A overexpression transactivates the Gax promoter, establishing a direct transcriptional link between MEF2 and Gax. Transient transfection, deletion analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, protein-DNA binding assays, MEF2A overexpression Molecular and cellular biology High 7623821
1994 The human GAX gene was cloned and mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization to chromosome 7p21; its coding sequence is 98% conserved with rat GAX at the amino acid level and encodes a homeodomain protein with a polyhistidine/glutamine (CAX repeat) region N-terminal to the homeodomain. Anchored PCR cloning from cardiovascular cDNA, FISH chromosomal mapping Genomics High 7713505
1997 Recombinant Gax protein microinjected into VSMCs and fibroblasts inhibited mitogen-induced S-phase entry; adenoviral overexpression of Gax caused G0/G1 arrest correlated with p53-independent upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21, association of p21 with cdk2 complexes, and reduction in cdk2 activity; p21-deficient fibroblasts were refractory to Gax-induced growth inhibition, establishing Gax-mediated cell cycle arrest as p21-dependent. Microinjection of recombinant protein, adenoviral overexpression, cell cycle analysis, cdk2 activity assay, p21 knockout fibroblasts Genes & development High 9224717
1997 Gax protein is expressed in nuclei of cardiomyocytes during late cardiac development (when myocyte proliferation is declining) and forced precocious Gax nuclear expression via adenovirus inhibited cardiomyocyte clonal expansion and reduced PCNA positivity, resulting in abnormal heart morphology (small ventricles, thinned compact zone), establishing Gax as a negative regulator of cardiomyocyte proliferation during morphogenesis. Adenoviral overexpression in chick embryo hearts, immunohistochemistry, PCNA staining, clonal analysis Development (Cambridge, England) Medium 9334288
1997 Gax is expressed in all muscle lineages during mouse embryogenesis; immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization placed Gax protein in lateral plate mesoderm, cardiac muscle (biphasic pattern), smooth muscle (from E9.5), and skeletal muscle (premyogenic cells and myotomes), prior to expression of myogenic bHLH and MEF2 proteins in skeletal muscle. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization on mouse embryos Circulation research Medium 9118475
1997 Angiotensin II (via AT1 receptor) suppresses Gax mRNA expression in quiescent VSMCs, while C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) upregulates Gax mRNA via a cGMP-dependent mechanism; simultaneous CNP administration attenuates Ang II-induced Gax down-regulation, placing Gax as a common transcriptional effector in opposing vascular growth-regulatory signaling pathways. Northern blot, pharmacological antagonism (AT1R blocker CV11974), cGMP analogue treatment Hypertension Medium 9039131
1998 Forced Gax expression induces apoptosis in mitogen-activated but not quiescent vascular cells via Bcl-2 down-regulation and Bax up-regulation; fibroblasts homozygous null for Bax were refractory to Gax-induced apoptosis, demonstrating that Gax-mediated cell death requires Bax and is independent of p21, p53, and cell cycle activity. Adenoviral overexpression, Bax knockout MEFs, Bcl-2/Bax Western blot, apoptosis assays with cell cycle inhibitors The EMBO journal High 9649428
1999 Gax expression inhibits VSMC and fibroblast migration toward PDGF-BB, bFGF, and HGF; this requires p21 (p21-deficient fibroblasts were resistant but rescued by exogenous p21 or p16); Gax specifically down-regulates αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin expression in VSMCs in vitro and in vivo after vascular injury, suggesting integrin repression as the mechanism for reduced cell motility. Adenoviral Gax transduction, transwell migration assays, p21/p53 knockout fibroblasts, flow cytometry for integrin expression, in vivo immunostaining post-balloon injury The Journal of clinical investigation High 10562309
2003 Gax is expressed in vascular endothelial cells and its adenoviral overexpression in HUVECs inhibits proliferation, mitogen-stimulated thymidine uptake, and tube formation on Matrigel, accompanied by up to 5-fold induction of p21 mRNA and 4–5-fold activation of the p21 promoter, establishing Gax as a negative regulator of the angiogenic phenotype in endothelial cells. Adenoviral overexpression, thymidine incorporation, Matrigel tube formation, Northern blot, promoter activity assay The Journal of surgical research Medium 12842453
2005 In brain endothelial cells (BECs) from Alzheimer disease patients, MEOX2 expression is reduced independent of age; viral-mediated MEOX2 gene transfer in AD BECs stimulates angiogenesis, transcriptionally suppresses AFX1 forkhead factor-mediated apoptosis, and increases LRP1 levels at the blood-brain barrier; Meox2 knockout mice exhibit reduced brain capillary density, reduced cerebral blood flow, loss of hypoxia-induced angiogenic response, and impaired Aβ efflux due to reduced LRP levels. Transcriptional profiling of human BECs, viral-mediated gene silencing and transfer, Meox2 knockout mouse model, cerebral blood flow measurement, Aβ efflux assay Nature medicine High 16116430
2005 MEOX2 binds to RING finger protein 10 (RNF10) as determined by yeast two-hybrid screening, in vitro pull-down, and co-immunoprecipitation in mammalian cells; the minimal RNF10-binding region of MEOX2 maps to amino acids 101–185 (between the HQ-rich domain and homeodomain); RNF10 co-expression enhances MEOX2 activation of the p21WAF1 promoter. Yeast two-hybrid screen, in vitro pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation, p21 promoter reporter assay Molecular and cellular biochemistry Medium 16335786
2006 Meox-2 knockout mice display cleft palate (35.3% of Meox-2−/− embryos) arising from breakdown of already-fused palatal shelves (post-fusion mechanism), distinct from previously reported pre-fusion cleft palate mechanisms; Meox-2 expression marks early palatal mesenchymal cells from E11.5 and the posterior palate from E12.5–E15.5. Knockout mouse analysis, histology, in situ hybridization, timed embryo collection Developmental dynamics Medium 16284941
2006 GAX directly activates p21WAF1/CIP1 transcription through multiple upstream ATTA-containing binding sites (~15 kb upstream of the ATG); chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed GAX occupancy at these sites in vivo; homeodomain and N-terminal domain are required for transactivation; G0/G1 arrest ability correlates with p21 promoter transactivation ability. ChIP, GAX deletion constructs, luciferase reporter assays with p21 promoter fragments, site-directed mutagenesis of binding sites The Journal of biological chemistry High 17074759
2007 miR-130a down-regulates GAX expression through two targeting sites in a 280-bp fragment of the GAX 3′-UTR; forced miR-130a expression inhibits GAX through this specific sequence; miR-130a also targets HOXA5 3′-UTR; together, miR-130a regulates the angiogenic phenotype of endothelial cells by modulating GAX and HOXA5. Luciferase reporter assay with GAX 3′-UTR, miR-130a overexpression, promoter activity assays Blood Medium 17957028
2007 MEOX2 is a TGF-β/Smad target gene in epithelial cells; MEOX2 knockdown prevents TGF-β1-induced cytostatic response; ectopic MEOX2 suppresses epithelial proliferation cooperatively with TGF-β1 and induces p21 through a distal p53-binding region of the p21 promoter; MEOX2 forms protein complexes with Smads leading to cooperative p21 regulation; MEOX2 fails to induce EMT and inhibits TGF-β-induced EMT, placing MEOX2 specifically in the TGF-β tumor suppressor pathway. RNAi knockdown, ectopic expression, co-immunoprecipitation with Smads, p21 promoter deletion analysis, proliferation and EMT assays Molecular oncology High 19383287
2005 Angiotensin II suppresses Gax expression in VSMCs via oxidative stress-activated ERK1/2 (not p38 MAPK); H2O2 mimics Ang II-induced Gax down-regulation; antioxidants (NAC, PDTC) and the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 block Ang II- and H2O2-induced Gax suppression, whereas the p38 inhibitor SB203580 does not. Pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, antioxidant treatment, Northern blot/RT-PCR, intracellular H2O2 measurement Regulatory peptides Medium 15680482
2009 MEOX2 is a direct transcriptional activator of the INK4a (p16) promoter; forced MEOX2 expression induces premature senescence that is dependent on INK4a activity; ChIP confirms direct MEOX2 binding to the INK4a promoter; MEOX2 transcription is enhanced in primary cells during senescence induction. Genome-scale cDNA overexpression screen, ChIP, INK4a reporter assay, senescence assays, INK4a activity dependence testing PloS one Medium 19340300
2010 MEOX2 localizes to the nuclear fraction in endothelial cells; co-immunoprecipitation shows MEOX2 binds to both p65 (RelA) and IκBβ in the nucleus; immunofluorescence confirms colocalization requiring the MEOX2 homeodomain and N-terminal domain; MEOX2 has a biphasic effect on NF-κB-dependent promoters (stimulates at low levels, represses at high levels), both effects dependent on the homeodomain and N-terminal domain. Subcellular fractionation, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, NF-κB promoter reporter assays, MEOX2 domain deletion constructs Cardiovascular research Medium 20421348
2010 miR-221 upregulates GAX expression in endothelial cells indirectly by downregulating ZEB2; ZEB2 is a repressor of GAX that binds two sites on the GAX promoter as shown by ChIP; serum upregulates ZEB2 which downregulates GAX; a mutant miR-221 fails to downregulate ZEB2 or upregulate GAX. miR-221 overexpression and inhibition, ChIP for ZEB2 binding at GAX promoter, miR-221 mutant constructs, Western blot Molecular and cellular biology Medium 20516212
2011 Both MEOX1 and MEOX2 induce p21CIP1/WAF1 and p16INK4a expression and cause endothelial cell cycle arrest and senescence; however, they use distinct mechanisms: MEOX1 and MEOX2 activate p16INK4a in a DNA binding-dependent manner, whereas they induce p21CIP1/WAF1 in a DNA binding-independent manner. MEOX1/MEOX2 overexpression with DNA-binding mutants, cell cycle analysis, senescence assays, p21 and p16 reporter assays PloS one Medium 22206000
2011 The miRNA family miR-130/301/721 enhances iPSC generation from murine fibroblasts by repressing Meox2; miRNA-resistant Meox2 overexpression abrogates the pro-reprogramming effects of this miRNA family; Meox2-specific silencing mimics the miRNA family effects on reprogramming. miRNA library screen, miRNA-resistant Meox2 construct, Meox2 siRNA silencing, iPSC reprogramming efficiency assay EMBO reports Medium 21941297
2013 In cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblast phenoconversion, Meox2 expression is reduced while Zeb2 increases; Ski overexpression restores Meox2 mRNA by suppressing Zeb2; overexpression of Meox2 (but not a DNA-binding mutant) shifts myofibroblasts back toward the fibroblast phenotype, establishing a Ski→(suppresses Zeb2)→(de-represses Meox2) pathway that regulates the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype. Overexpression and knockdown in cardiac fibroblasts, Meox2 DNA-binding mutant, Western blot, RT-PCR, myofibroblast phenotype markers Journal of cell science Medium 24155330
2015 Meox2 and Tcf15 form heterodimers that act as transcriptional determinants of heart capillary endothelial cell identity; Meox2/Tcf15 drive endothelial CD36 and lipoprotein lipase expression to mediate fatty acid uptake in heart ECs and facilitate FA transport to cardiomyocytes; combined Meox2/Tcf15 haplodeficiency impairs cardiac FA uptake and reduces FA transfer, leading to impaired cardiac contractility. Microarray profiling of freshly isolated ECs, gain- and loss-of-function (haplodeficiency mouse model), FA uptake assays, CD36/LPL expression analysis Circulation High 25561514
2016 Meox2 haploinsufficiency in DBA/2J glaucoma mice significantly increases axon damage in the optic nerve head and is associated with modulation of age- and disease-specific vascular and myeloid alterations, supporting a role for Meox2 in IOP-dependent vascular remodeling and neuroinflammation that promotes axon survival. Meox2 haploinsufficient DBA/2J mouse model, axon counting, immunofluorescence, upstream regulator analysis Investigative ophthalmology & visual science Medium 31369031
2016 Gax overexpression in human VSMCs increases differentiation markers calponin and SM-MHC 11, suppresses proliferation and migration, and transcriptomic analysis identified Rap1A as a downstream target of Gax; Gax overexpression significantly inhibits Rap1A expression and reduces neointimal formation in carotid artery injury in mice, indicating that Gax maintains VSMC contractile phenotype partly by suppressing Rap1A. Western blot, cDNA array analysis, adenoviral overexpression and silencing, Rap1A overexpression, in vivo mouse carotid injury model American journal of translational research Medium 27508012
2022 MEOX2 enhances ERK signaling in glioblastoma through a feed-forward mechanism; Ser155 (upstream of the homeodomain) is a putative ERK-dependent phosphorylation site and S155A substitution affects MEOX2 protein levels and alters its subnuclear localization; MEOX2 overexpression cooperates with p53 and PTEN loss to induce cell proliferation in cerebral organoid glioma models. ERK phosphorylation Western blot, S155A site mutagenesis, subnuclear localization imaging, cerebral organoid glioma model, RNA-seq, ACT-seq, CUT&Tag Neuro-oncology Medium 35468210
2022 MEOX2 directly transcriptionally activates Cathepsin S (CTSS) in glioma cells, as shown by RNA-sequencing, ChIP-qPCR, and luciferase reporter assays; MEOX2 knockdown inhibits glioma cell proliferation, motility, EMT, focal adhesion formation, and F-actin assembly; MEOX2 promotes glioma tumor growth in vivo. shRNA knockdown, RNA-sequencing, ChIP-qPCR, luciferase reporter assay, intracranial mouse implantation model Cell death & disease Medium 35436995
2022 ABI2 directly interacts with MEOX2 (co-immunoprecipitation), and MEOX2 binds to the KLF4 and NANOG promoter regions to activate their transcription in hepatocellular carcinoma; this ABI2/MEOX2/KLF4-NANOG axis maintains cancer stem cell populations and drives HCC stemness, growth, and sorafenib resistance. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP at KLF4 and NANOG promoters, ABI2 knockdown, MEOX2 overexpression rescue, xenograft model Liver international Medium 36017822
2022 MEOX2 is expressed in the nuclei of a subset of mouse DRG sensory neurons; Meox2+/− heterozygous mice show impaired nociception with altered action potential initiation; mechanistically, MEOX2 loss decreases expression of Scn9a (Nav1.7) and Scn11a (Nav1.9) voltage-gated sodium channel genes, as well as other pain-associated genes (PENK, NPY), establishing MEOX2 as a transcriptional regulator maintaining nociceptor gene programs. Heterozygous mouse model, behavioral/electrophysiological analyses, transcriptomic analysis of DRG, immunofluorescence The FEBS journal Medium 35029322
2024 MEOX2 binds the PHLPP phosphatase promoter (by dual luciferase reporter assay) and up-regulates PHLPP transcription, leading to inhibition of AKT phosphorylation (p-AKT) in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs); MEOX2 overexpression inhibits HSC proliferation and slows liver fibrosis progression through this MEOX2→PHLPP→(inhibit AKT) axis. Dual luciferase reporter assay for PHLPP promoter, OE-MEOX2/sh-MEOX2 lentivirus, Western blot for p-AKT, CCK-8 and EdU proliferation assays Discovery medicine Medium 38926106
2023 RNF10 overexpression in H9C2 cardiomyocytes promotes MEOX2 expression and inhibits AP-1 activation, alleviating pirarubicin-induced apoptosis; RNF10 knockdown produces the opposite effect; in vivo, THP-induced CRC is associated with decreased RNF10 and Meox2 and activated AP-1, placing RNF10 upstream of MEOX2 in the AP-1/Meox2 pathway modulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. siRNA knockdown, lentiviral overexpression, Western blot, flow cytometry for apoptosis, rat in vivo CRC model Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Medium 36713029
2025 NAT10-mediated ac4C modification of MEOX2 mRNA at nucleotides 409–423 stabilizes MEOX2 mRNA and increases its expression; NAT10 knockdown reduces ac4C modification at this site, decreases MEOX2 mRNA stability and protein expression, and consequently enhances HUVEC migration, invasion, and tube formation in high-glucose conditions; MEOX2 overexpression reverses these effects. MeRIP-qPCR for ac4C modification, RIP, RNA stability assay, NAT10 knockdown, MEOX2 overexpression rescue, functional HUVEC assays Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Medium 41082000
2026 MEOX2 promotes DNA damage repair in glioblastoma stem-like cells; co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry identified PARP1 as a direct MEOX2 interactor; MEOX2 depletion reduces PARylation levels and sensitizes GSCs to the PARP1 inhibitor Talazoparib; MEOX2 knockdown in a GLICO model impairs tumor growth and increases sensitivity to temozolomide. Co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, GLICO organoid model, shRNA knockdown, Talazoparib sensitivity assay, PARylation measurement Cancer letters Medium 41620199

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 84 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2007 Regulation of angiogenesis through a microRNA (miR-130a) that down-regulates antiangiogenic homeobox genes GAX and HOXA5. Blood 386 17957028
2005 Role of the MEOX2 homeobox gene in neurovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer disease. Nature medicine 245 16116430
1997 p21CIP1-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation by overexpression of the gax homeodomain gene. Genes & development 155 9224717
2015 Meox2/Tcf15 heterodimers program the heart capillary endothelium for cardiac fatty acid uptake. Circulation 85 25561514
1995 Expression of gax, a growth arrest homeobox gene, is rapidly down-regulated in the rat carotid artery during the proliferative response to balloon injury. The Journal of biological chemistry 85 7890661
2010 Intronic miR-301 feedback regulates its host gene, ska2, in A549 cells by targeting MEOX2 to affect ERK/CREB pathways. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 80 20470754
2011 miRNA screening reveals a new miRNA family stimulating iPS cell generation via regulation of Meox2. EMBO reports 75 21941297
2010 Regulation of the expression and activity of the antiangiogenic homeobox gene GAX/MEOX2 by ZEB2 and microRNA-221. Molecular and cellular biology 74 20516212
1999 Regulation of smooth muscle cell migration and integrin expression by the Gax transcription factor. The Journal of clinical investigation 69 10562309
2012 miR-301a is a candidate oncogene that targets the homeobox gene Gax in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Digestive diseases and sciences 64 22373864
2003 Inhibition of endothelial cell activation by the homeobox gene Gax. The Journal of surgical research 62 12842453
2011 Mechanisms of MEOX1 and MEOX2 regulation of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p16 in vascular endothelial cells. PloS one 60 22206000
1997 Percutaneous delivery of the gax gene inhibits vessel stenosis in a rabbit model of balloon angioplasty. Cardiovascular research 57 9415299
2021 Tumor-derived exosomal miRNA-141 promote angiogenesis and malignant progression of lung cancer by targeting growth arrest-specific homeobox gene (GAX). Bioengineered 48 33627047
1998 Bax-mediated cell death by the Gax homeoprotein requires mitogen activation but is independent of cell cycle activity. The EMBO journal 46 9649428
2020 MiR-148a-3p Regulates Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway by Targeting Meox2. Frontiers in genetics 45 32582277
2013 The Ski-Zeb2-Meox2 pathway provides a novel mechanism for regulation of the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype. Journal of cell science 41 24155330
2006 Analysis of Meox-2 mutant mice reveals a novel postfusion-based cleft palate. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 40 16284941
1999 Adenovirus-mediated delivery of the Gax transcription factor to rat carotid arteries inhibits smooth muscle proliferation and induces apoptosis. Gene therapy 39 10505098
2000 Effect of percutaneous adenovirus-mediated Gax gene delivery to the arterial wall in double-injured atheromatous stented rabbit iliac arteries. Gene therapy 38 10981661
1995 Regulation of Gax homeobox gene transcription by a combination of positive factors including myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2. Molecular and cellular biology 36 7623821
2007 A comparative analysis of Meox1 and Meox2 in the developing somites and limbs of the chick embryo. The International journal of developmental biology 35 17939123
2022 ABI2-mediated MEOX2/KLF4-NANOG axis promotes liver cancer stem cell and drives tumour recurrence. Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver 33 36017822
2006 The homeobox gene GAX activates p21WAF1/CIP1 expression in vascular endothelial cells through direct interaction with upstream AT-rich sequences. The Journal of biological chemistry 33 17074759
2008 Cross talk among Smad, MAPK, and integrin signaling pathways enhances adventitial fibroblast functions activated by transforming growth factor-beta1 and inhibited by Gax. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 32 18187669
1997 Embryonic expression of the Gax homeodomain protein in cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle. Circulation research 32 9118475
1997 Opposite regulation of Gax homeobox expression by angiotensin II and C-type natriuretic peptide. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 31 9039131
2009 Two candidate tumor suppressor genes, MEOX2 and SOSTDC1, identified in a 7p21 homozygous deletion region in a Wilms tumor. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 30 19760604
2007 Functional role of Meox2 during the epithelial cytostatic response to TGF-beta. Molecular oncology 28 19383287
2022 MEOX2 homeobox gene promotes growth of malignant gliomas. Neuro-oncology 27 35468210
2021 Exosomal circular RNA circ_0074673 regulates the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via the microRNA-1200/MEOX2 axis. Bioengineered 27 34516311
2017 Gax suppresses chemerin/CMKLR1-induced preadipocyte biofunctions through the inhibition of Akt/mTOR and ERK signaling pathways. Journal of cellular physiology 27 28326537
2010 Involvement of Gax gene in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, proliferation, and apoptosis of arterial smooth muscle cells. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 27 20160044
2010 MEOX2 regulates nuclear factor-kappaB activity in vascular endothelial cells through interactions with p65 and IkappaBbeta. Cardiovascular research 27 20421348
2016 Meox2 haploinsufficiency increases neuronal cell loss in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of aging 26 27143421
2014 Involvement of IGF-1 and MEOX2 in PI3K/Akt1/2 and ERK1/2 pathways mediated proliferation and differentiation of perivascular adipocytes. Experimental cell research 26 25239227
2009 A functional screen for regulators of CKDN2A reveals MEOX2 as a transcriptional activator of INK4a. PloS one 25 19340300
1997 Forced expression of the homeodomain protein Gax inhibits cardiomyocyte proliferation and perturbs heart morphogenesis. Development (Cambridge, England) 25 9334288
2005 Characterization of Mesenchyme Homeobox 2 (MEOX2) transcription factor binding to RING finger protein 10. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 23 16335786
2018 Over-expression of MEOX2 promotes apoptosis through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway in laryngeal cancer cells. Neoplasma 22 29940775
2014 Regulatory specialization of xyloglucan (XG) and glucuronoarabinoxylan (GAX) in pericarp cell walls during fruit ripening in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). PloS one 22 24587088
2022 MEOX2-mediated regulation of Cathepsin S promotes cell proliferation and motility in glioma. Cell death & disease 17 35436995
2010 Gax gene transfer inhibits vascular remodeling induced by adventitial inflammation in rabbits. Atherosclerosis 17 20598309
1994 Molecular cloning and localization of the human GAX gene to 7p21. Genomics 17 7713505
2017 Role of microRNA-130a in the pathogeneses of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome-associated pulmonary hypertension by targeting the GAX gene. Medicine 16 28514291
2021 MicroRNA-301a-3p promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression through downregulating MEOX2. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 14 34306209
2021 Failure to EGFR-TKI-based therapy and tumoural progression are promoted by MEOX2/GLI1-mediated epigenetic regulation of EGFR in the human lung cancer. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) 14 34844838
2005 Angiotensin II suppresses growth arrest specific homeobox (Gax) expression via redox-sensitive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Regulatory peptides 12 15680482
2020 Facilitation of Bone Healing Processes Based on the Developmental Function of Meox2 in Tooth Loss Lesion. International journal of molecular sciences 11 33218046
2016 Gax regulates human vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation and vascular remodeling. American journal of translational research 11 27508012
1996 Growth-arrest homeobox gene Gax: a molecular strategy to prevent arterial restenosis. Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift 11 8893412
2021 MEOX2 Transcription Factor Is Involved in Survival and Adhesion of Glioma Stem-like Cells. Cancers 10 34885053
2021 The promotion of cervical cancer progression by signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-induced up-regulation of lncRNA MEOX2-AS1 as a competing endogenous RNA through miR-143-3p/VDAC1 pathway. Bioengineered 9 34224325
2014 Ski diminishes TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast phenotype via up-regulating Meox2 expression. Experimental and molecular pathology 9 25445500
2022 MEOX2 Regulates the Growth and Survival of Glioblastoma Stem Cells by Modulating Genes of the Glycolytic Pathway and Response to Hypoxia. Cancers 7 35565433
2021 MEOX2 serves as a novel biomarker associated with macrophage infiltration in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and other digestive system carcinomas. Autoimmunity 7 34160343
2023 circINSR Inhibits Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fractions through the miR-152/MEOX2 Axis in Sheep. International journal of molecular sciences 6 36834919
2022 Transcription factor mesenchyme homeobox protein 2 (MEOX2) modulates nociceptor function. The FEBS journal 6 35029322
2019 Meox2 Haploinsufficiency Accelerates Axonal Degeneration in DBA/2J Glaucoma. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 6 31369031
2014 Overexpression of the growth arrest-specific homeobox gene Gax inhibits proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in serum-induced vascular smooth muscle cells. Genetics and molecular research : GMR 6 24737425
2014 Gax inhibits perivascular preadipocyte biofunction mediated by IGF-1 induced FAK/Pyk2 and ERK2 cooperative pathways. Cellular signalling 6 25280940
2006 Down-regulation of the gax gene in smooth muscle cells of the splenic vein of portal hypertension patients. Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international : HBPD INT 6 16698584
2023 The miR-148/152 family contributes to angiogenesis of human pluripotent stem cell- derived endothelial cells by inhibiting MEOX2. Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids 5 37200858
2023 Diagnostic Utility of Immunohistochemical Detection of MEOX2, SOX11, INSM1 and EGFR in Gliomas. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) 5 37568909
2017 Association of MEOX2 polymorphism with nonsyndromic cleft palate only in a Vietnamese population. Congenital anomalies 5 29030958
2022 A Crucial Angiogenesis-Associated Gene MEOX2 Could Be a Promising Biomarker Candidate for Breast Cancer. Frontiers in oncology 4 35615155
2015 Activation of Transcription Factor GAX and Concomitant Downregulation of IL-1β and ERK1/2 Modulate Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype in 3D Fibrous Scaffolds. Tissue engineering. Part A 4 26041434
2024 MEOX2 Participates in Hepatic Stellate Cells-Induced Liver Fibrosis by Regulating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Discovery medicine 3 38926106
2023 RING Finger Protein 10 Regulates AP-1/Meox2 to Mediate Pirarubicin-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 3 36713029
2025 SMARCB1-driven EGFR-GLI1 epigenetic alterations in lung cancer progression and therapy are differentially modulated by MEOX2 and GLI-1. Cancer gene therapy 2 39971779
2025 NAT10 Regulates the Migration, Invasion, and Angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Through ac4C Modification of MEOX2 in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2 41082000
2023 Ring finger protein 10 improves pirarubicin-induced cardiac inflammation by regulating the AP-1/Meox2 signaling pathway. Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2 36740146
2018 Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell line (ZZUi0013-A) from a 65-year-old patient with a novel MEOX2 gene mutation in Alzheimer's disease. Stem cell research 2 30616143
2026 MEOX2 enhances DNA repair and therapy resistance in Glioblastoma stem-like cells via PARP1 interaction. Cancer letters 1 41620199
2025 MEOX2 mediates cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer via E2F target and DNA repair pathways. Journal of ovarian research 1 40119426
2025 Circ_0000190 inhibits the progression of triple negative breast cancer by regulating miR-301a/MEOX2 pathway. American journal of cancer research 1 40371159
2026 CircEif3c/miR-96-5p/PHF20L1/MEOX2 axis in perivascular preadipocyte exosomes mediates fibroblast dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Non-coding RNA research 0 41809968
2025 Overexpression of MEOX2 inhibits breast cancer cell metastasis by targeting oxidative stress-induced RGS5. In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal 0 40603753
2018 Investigation of Surface Sulfurization in CuIn1-x Gax S2-y Sey Thin Films by Using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy. Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry 0 29143420
2012 [Effects on proliferation and apoptosis of serum-induced rabbit VSMCs by adenovirus-mediated transfer of the Gax gene]. Xi bao yu fen zi mian yi xue za zhi = Chinese journal of cellular and molecular immunology 0 22230501
2011 [Construction of human Gax gene eukaryotic expression vector and its expression in vascular smooth muscle cells]. Xi bao yu fen zi mian yi xue za zhi = Chinese journal of cellular and molecular immunology 0 21208560
2009 [Negative regulation of cells proliferation by Gax gene and its mechanisms]. Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi 0 19334588
2007 [Effect of Ad-Gax transfection on apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and its mechanism]. Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer 0 21122291
2006 [Effects of Gax gene transfection on proliferation and expression of proto-oncogenes in A549 cells]. Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer 0 21172149

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